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SPAY, MARCH 3, 1932. THE WAYNESVILLE MOUNTAINEER r tIT j " --t -tx-io v iuuuiM AiiNJbiiiK Page 3 bumiesjnjaue Education In North Carolina Is Members of 'en's Club to Aid Jucational Lines V note lie ivuvnuin aikivic at th woman xiua uy t) Bunn. The presiaent and urged Mrs. Bunn to prepare Jlication. Every citizen should article. w n undVr "7 "!.r...:'c "nic. qowtionaire to one hundred white trees. IV Mrs. B. D. Bunn. in his "Prologue" to the v Tales said n his char of the clerk, "Gladly wolde rf srladly teche." touch later date, Matthew lated a similar iaea, "ine ured person seeks to ac insclf with the best that has fcmrht and said'Jm the d has an arden desire to t best in word and thought women you each have that isire to see tne Dest in an lis abundant, in you com i Bat how may we aecom 1 high aim? One of the Jy is through the education tople. At this time George fen, the noble statesman and I bjs country, is uppermost linds of the public as we I the bi-centennial of his v one occasion he said. fre is in every country the 4.118 oi puoiK nappiness." fe asimiiaieu usea ana Iplied is education. J Wilson said along the Educational thought, Topu wn s necessary for the n of those conditions of litical and social, which nssble to free individual nt. Without popular edu rMr,"'no 'ffovernmerrt on popular action can tonr tm people must De schooled fe Joh Billings, the humor lis ideas of education. "Ed- js, a better interest than Wsidcs you never lose the izinff the thouarfats cath the above we see that edu- necessary for the happi being and uplift of the that It is a rrowir j... i- i s r fii.oniy seeding to give the k inamauai but to promote t in thought and action; fction is necessary to the if our government and that f:ger interest than money, lonal Congress of Parents ten fives seven objectives Ion, namely; health, home kter building, learning, cit- Ioiwy to choose and per tion, and the wise use of ie. Hence, we sec that volvcs many things. Book only one. An idividual p well rounded education after her health and nhv- Inrc, she would make home it and adjust life to the jronment, the most desira- ifcr traits would be culti- would exercise her rights . a vocation, whether home public work would bo nur. f-hc would ever keeD alive to learn and to grow ma fpiruuaiiy. we usually fiurauon oniy in terms of out to me, it begins at "xtends throughout life, the first years are the ftant, because it is m the f ears that the educational for all later life aofivi. f, and the medium through fin is achieved. Educa te child is the process of into cttectrve and satisfy and 'givinff. him that and skills which develon ps. Therefore, the educa- youtn is fast becoming he n pi me nation. Since onai process is not lim- tnrec R's. hnr tn mantel t but is a erowth Affect. mental, moral, and c and is effected by every ;. With which the learner contact, educators recog- I'Ue Of the CO-nrwraUrm nf ley that touches child life. importance of an educa pm to study our aehieve recds : restinir bonk. "Pn'Hii nation in North Carolina," ? W. Knight is more iwuve storv. Frnm this feaned some facts -which teen vV '"cliinK' io tou. North CarolirTa devel f the most creditable sys f ic school education to be Stato . . . , miiin seceaea irom although the intellectual h du,e t0 conditions imem!iCoIon .was settled. I B" j fondition; the slow r;'anon,.-the lack of V'e-s, and differences in -1 were contributing y inherited snmo n. Jws of : England, her Zil hlch 1 fea- are veft that the surest " numbers Of the nennlo The great Irf, "re to otey and .;-" settlers tmi-- "ianer Robert ?n 100 'Vision . "v;'f ;i Villi rr n on ri ho tKnued in Preach.. 1 Propnetora. kM. nand. There wer i naoi ineir the il7 1 1,1 Shim a "me ine r.tv . Kvioiaaing any school master to teach in North Carolma Dernthei.TK-MdlSSenters would "t R rihiW taught by v.i,KJlucn Hence many 'Tnorance. However, the rM p " ''"h-kiiiuii oi me AiMni. j . Ueign Darts, which wa ,.Yd,An Undon: gn its edu rs in the colony. The missionaries of the Society started the (first Dublin Hho,i. lI""0 is said to have been the first nrof. sionai teacher Even the Quakers i ? r tnuJren to him. As the SXj . . lne wH-to-do pro dded tutors for their children, but schooh i or any means of education iZL th2e&s fortunate classes were lew. After the manner nf many of these were educated through This -:?t OUt or lnnratii.ul -rr,vUm iU Rime person or kc'-vil?. inc one im ni -"tiling bmvii mn obligation was supposed to feed. j V T"u . . pve r tne child ami to teach hrm to mA s well as a suitable trade. In other words, the master was mjuired to n... ... Hprcnvice xne same care and attention he wnnM hia dren, and the apprenticed child, worked ivr me master until be became twenty-one years of age. In 1745 a school house was built t Ederton, and 1754 the assembly appropriated 6000 pounds for build ing a school. Then in Tknmx Tomlinson opened a private school at Newbern. The assemble it rum In opposed the Schism Act, which re- Sulred all teachers to be members of lie established church. Notable ed ucational advancements were begun, nd with the coming of the Scotch, Sewtch-Irtfch. the German ami Rurito education, continued to advance. By the Vestry Act of 1777 the education of Jhe poor was transferred from the church to tho state. Many schools, the forerunners of our present colleges, were establish ed. Crowfield Academy was opened in' Mecklenburg County near nruent location oi uavutton College. The "log college" of Dr. David Caldwell was located near Greensboro, Queen's Museum was established near present ity or vnariotte. After the Revolution, a new tvne of institution began to develop. This new school was the academy. the forerunner of the modern public school." The i3titiltion flourished until 1950 when it began to decline After the Civil War it was deposed by the public high school. The build ing of the old academies were usu ally very crude. The schools were supported by tuition charge. Again only those able to pay charges could educate their children. The development of the idea of publie educatiifn in the state was slow, though it began early and arrew steadily. In 1776 the state adopted a constitutional provision for legislative establishment vf schools and for a university. The university was chartered in 1789 and organized six year later, graduating its first class in 1798. No further legislation for public schools was inacted until 1825. Finally, Archibald D. Murphy who won the name, "father of the com mon .school." made a study.-of' the best system vf education in this country and Europe. He made a re port of his findings and recommended a system oi eaucauuii ior .-wim Carolina which included a literary fund. This became the basis of the system of public instruction estab lished in 1839. , The Literarv Fund -was -a form" of nermanent endowment realized from the sale of swamp lands, stocks in vested in railroads, navagation com panies, banks, and various sources. The income was used to support pub lic schools instead of state taxation. In lfifil the income to the state from the literary fund amounted to S1K4 RSO..T7. Under this plan ine school system proposed and increas pa in emcienev. But. alas! How dif ferent: mir storv of education might have been had it not been ior we fivil War? In 1860 North Carolina had the best school system in the entire 'South. During the Civil War most of her schools -were abandoned, and the Literary fund spent for governmental expenses or lost in investments. , . In 1853 Calvin II. Wiley, the first superintendent of public instruction began work to improve educ.ticm. (Tfe believed women teachers macic the best teachers for small children, and trained women teachers were used as teachers in some schools where only men had taught. He raised the tandiinls vf professional requirements for teachers. The examining board held three meetings a year to examine applicants, to-teach. He urj;ed the; formation of a literary association and induced ins teacners to read professional books. Despite some? -opposition. Wiley '.pressed -forward'-, with his educational program. The Educational Association was organized in 1856. The North Car- Minn .Tmirnal of Education was pub lished. He was a reformer, educator and statesman.. "He believed that education shouM be universal, free, and open alike to all, both rich and poor. , ' "He remained in oflice after the war until the ordinance of October 19, 18G5, of the constitutional con vention, declared vacant an siaic ni ficcs, which were in existence April 26, of that year." "Thus the office vF ciiruJrmtenrtent ot SCHOOi a- abolished by Legislature." The reign of "carpet-baggers" and the Recon- cfinMinn fuk trail However, the Legislature of 1866 67 passed two acts of educational im portances The first of these acts authorized towns and cities to estab lish school systems to be supported by taxes. Another law was passed to protect interest of the common school. Rev, S. S. Ashely. a minis- Massachusetts, became the Governor Gardner subnlltted Then Vn ""nrucuon regime boys m the state prison. From this orovideH ,K.T .k. ":".co"s"lut ?nln.e X niany things. One streams, plants flowers, and een twenty-one Kmea mat the General Assembly us nrsi session, should "provide by taxation and otherwise for a general uniform system of publie schools, in ii k ij nau ,ree of charge Miuuirn oi ise state bctw me Bfces or six and years." During the entire Reconstruction period terror reigned in the state. lt was determent! to eduiiinn.i institutions as it was to other iratons "The year 1876 marked the ure.mrow or Keconstruction and the cu oi loreign ruie." rule of carpet baggers and negroes.) One source of great help was the George IVabody Fund, which helped nuance bcnooli rillrn. fl... .- days. Reports of June, 1872 shows jour enooJs of Waynesville rre neipea to th e- Of In 1875 the -hool like- . received 3tM) fo.- edu.atii.nul purposes. Various publishers" gave taousands of -ooi f i i,r fci- j ,L::f. va iv x..wu mint iiuranes. The trying days of et)n.'iir.ni .,i justment brought into prominence Charles B AvcorV. I tonn k- ctd governor. He pledged "the jvv, us sirensnn. its h.-t it. rTo" Vn,Trwil education."-. In ' Joyner became Stat. ... penntendent of nnhK i-.-. with thee two eminent men in nffu. k-rnume eaucational ivtval began, which continued until m. t " lature. Se-era .i.finn.l .... , wis wr OT pmwo. one provkling a six monui wikwi term, another, known as the compulsorv attendant ... ruues all children between the ages of seven and thirteen to attend school the length of school term. The education an4 tK t defectives hateclaimed attention of riaiement and educators. As a re sult w have the Stat K..k the Blind, the SUte School for the ueaj. tne stonewajl. Jackson Train ing School for moral 'defectives, and wm vyweu i raining School for mental defectives. n have . tveW, far hU. fH aunng me past quarter of a century. Many are groping in the dark it) an effort to find why the children a-e not taught A. B. C.'s, as grandfather and grandmother were, whv it costing more money than when our parents went to school, why we need more ecuirment. et. A hnnklot n. titled "Education in North Carolina in 1900 and Now" will answer in part these questions. (This boolilei w published in 1930. The data being j irom scnooi report.) this, "Not a single of the hundred youths was a high school graduate." ivu may say tne related tacts are history. How does it affect us? In xne W&yneswlle Township schoofc we have enrolled 2021 white chil dren and 115 negroes. There are 65 teachers working at this gigantic task of educating the youth and many more mot hers. Every home lepresemeu has a part in the task isfnee education is a commun ty problem as well as u .school nrnh. lem. may we consider some ways we, as ciud members, may help along ed ucational lines : inc nrst or these is assisting in regular attendance of pupils. The 1PJ8-1929 school report showed a pe: capita cost of 30.1?2 per child for in structional sen-ice alone, tn . Ha v. wood county the cost of instruction per pupil for the year was 122.11 When a pupil is absent the srhnnl mil Is" continuing and ' he is missing the scnooi aavantages provided. There are m the Waynesville Township High School this year 118 repeaters. (Pupils who are takinr the work for the second time,) This is costing Waynesville Township $2,608.88. If we include all the elementary schools this amount for reteaching wouM run above $10,000.00. 1'ractically everr one of the -re- tarded pupils are those who have been absent much of the time. Other reasons of retarded Dunils are poor health, epidemics of diseas es as whoooinir couth, meanles in fluenza, c. and: crowded school conditions or lack of thorono-hnem in iracning and in scholarship. Throurh the Parent-Teat-hAi- Coun cil we are plannma- a health clinit- for an pre-schooJ children who will en ter school next fall. The rhiW do much better work if he ia physi cally fit when he starts to school in the first grade. The chib is asked to -perate, tn . sponsoring this health clinic. At ; the present'-time a phy- cumimuoD ia mmp iriven mil elementary school children. Ob 'tt-thc most effective ways we n aiu ine schools lust now is in encouraging high scholarship attain ments. There are many ways wo might do this, two f which I would like to mention. What do you think of the ilub of. fering a prize to the best all-round student among the girls in high school? This to be an annual prise, to be presented at commencement JNext, we miM-ht encourage home may. uunng In thicairo there are I71.000.nrm wus.VKUteis SOIci 10 commereiHl nmita. ments in a year. Many of these are gamoiing places, or detramental amusement centers. May we see that unwnoiesomc amusements are never tolerated by our community and mav we sponsor that which is ' education ally uplifting, "leaven leavens the whole lump." Wlien the same in terest and noble desires are present to stamp out ignorance, ureal edu. cational achievements will be ac complished, throua-h schools, cluhs churches and communities. We are builder of character, hu man lives, and souls, in this meat educational advancement. We arc buildinir everv dav In a good or evil way. And the structure, as it grows, win our. inmost spul disclose. Till in everv arch and line, All our faults and failings shine, -It may-grow a castle grand, Or a wreck upon the sand. Do you ask what building this. That can show both pain and bliss? That can be both dark aid fair? Ix, its name character. Build it well whate'er you do; Build it straight and strong ar.d inn-; Build it clean and high and broad; Build it for the eye of tiod " The t risis is on! "God grant us wisdom in these cum in davs And eyes unsealed that we clear visrons see Of that new world that He would have us build. To life's ennoblement and His high ministry. Not since Christ died unon His lonely Cross Has time such prospt'ct held of Life's new birth; Not since the world of echoes first was bom Has man so clearly visaped hope of a new earth." Wiffi AM a recent nroirram Avar k' II V A L'l ...... ir.l. in the first place standards of liv- who is president of the National Ed gi have changed. People do not ucational Association, made a won derful address on "Schools and Your Money's Worth" She said for our young people to get the most out of school they must nave a regular time and place for home study. She added the place provided should be a zone of quiet, well heatedventilated, and lighted. Do we provide such a pluce for home study? During the samel broadcast Dr. Can- stated that the World War cost more than the total spent for education since the begin ning of time. Two and one-fourth billions of dollars is spent annually for schools in the United States, but this is only one-fourth of the univiunt spent for public expenditures Thin); of three-fourths going for public ex penditures and one-lourth for edu cation. Dr. ("air emphasixAd thu the amount spent for education wa not excessive in comparison with ttational wealth and income, lie urged that we encourage taxation on intangablc property. Soon we, us club women, will be called on to vote in the coming elections. What atti tude will you take toward the new educational trends? .Shall we .spend more for war, for road construction for preservation of our natural re sources ami forest, than for the edu cation of our youth? Education is in the balance. Its value is being weiched. The road is open to new educational fields. The way club women think and vote will help solve the problem at this crisis. In the outset of discussion we stated that all in the inviroment influenced educational progress. The beautifi cation of public building, court house, or other public nr private property is a worthy educational project. Your library is a splendid asset in the community. Great educational gains might be realized through the club providing a story hour fur children, and providing the latest and best in children's books and magazines. In your club, through the literary department, a study group or book club would prove a splendid educatin- al achievement for the adults in the community. Some time ago the clubs of the state put on a campaign to wipe out illiteracy. Are there still illiterates in your community who would like to learn to read and write? Would it be practical for the clubs to sponsor such a school to enlis and tram illiterates? Do you know the kind of motion ingi eat, dress or live just as they did many years ago. All governmental expen-es have in creased although we do not hear so much about these as the expenses of operating the schools. "The school debt in North Carolina is 13.4 per cent of the total bonded debt. The other 86,6 per cent of the Dublic local debt ha been incurred for roads. bridees. and Dublic inroDiovcmpnts." The schools use 47.1 per cent of taxes collected and other aR-encics use the remainder or 52.9 per cent. Since 1900 the property in North Carolina has increased four ond one half billion dollar in value. Iruring mat time we nave spent JTOO.OOO. 000 for our schools. $100,000,000 of this being lor buildings and equip ment. It is interesting to note that while we were makinir big invest ment in education we had money to buy ?l97,oov,ovo worth of passen ger cars, $64,000,000 worth of candy, chewing gum and face powder. In 1900 the cost of education per child enrolled for the year was $2.87. The cost during the past year 1927-1928 was $32.10 per pupu There are many reasons for this. One is the purchasing power of the dollar, which has decreased. It takes $2.22 now to equal the value of $1.00 in 1900. The school population has increased SCi, the enrollment 90 and the attendance KflVe. The av erage length of term has increased from 70 days to 153 days. In 1900 we had an estimate of forty public high schools. In 1928 there were 856 public high schools reported. In 1900 there were no school busses in operation and no children transported. In 1928 there were 3,258 vehicles on operation, trffianeporting 136,980 pu pils at a cost of $1,676,441.68. The library lacilities have increas ed, the equipment and buildinui have improved and class room instruc tion changed, more subjecs lierng added, as agriculture, home econom ics art, music, etc. The children in the elementary -.-serrool last year j read 1,200,000 bok-. In 1900 the average teacher's training was Ics than high school graduation. In the past six years the seholarshin of teachers has in creased two -i'd one-third collepe years. The average salary paid teachers in United States is $181 per year, while in North Carolina it is ?S99 per year for white teachers or a fraction less than $75 per month. WANT AD RATES (Terms Cash) lc a word for this size type for fiyst insertion; half price for .rubse quent lnsertiis. SPRING WlATfllER calls for paiat. use paint tnai win stand the test oi time, rain and sun. We suggest you se the best for the money at Waynesville JIawrwere Company. 2c a word for this size type for first insertion; half price tor subsequent insertions. 3c a word for this sice type for first insertion; half price for subsequent insertions. MONEY SAVED IS MONEY MADE make money by taking advantatf of this paper's great magazine offer. Six national magazines and this paper for one year, all for $U. Minimum charge of 25c. INSURANCE For all kinds of in surance, with . reliable .tampaqics see J. M. Newton, your insurance man, at the Waynesville Insurance .Aurew.v, Over The WountaiWer Office. WANTED 100 FARMERS to investi rate the wonderful offer now being made by this paper for magizine. Six Magazines and this paper one year ftr only $2. NOT JUST HATCHERY CHICKS. but big husky chL-ks from a real breeding farm where vigor, produc tiveness and standard qualities are paramount. Wc invite you to visit this modern Poultry Farm and see our chicks before buying. Write for circular. Hrightwater Farm and Hatchery, Hendeisonville and Brevard Highway, Hendeisonville, N. C. : BABY CHICKS: Each Tuesday aud Friday. Just the best State Blood -tested Chicks you ever saw. White and Barred Rocks, Rhode liOand Reds, White Wyandottcs, Huff Or pingtons, White Leghorns. Bunch Poultry Farm and Hatchery, State, ville, N. C. May 12 DON'T TAKE CHIANCIKS and mi the great offer on magazines offer ed by this paper. Six irreat maga zines and this paper all for one year for $2. ' SAVE MONEY TODAY by taking advantage of the magazine offer being made by this paper. Six magazines and this paper for one year for only $2. TO MAKE A ;OOD GARDEN you have to have good feeds and tools, You will find both at reasonable prices at 'Waynesville Hardware Co. IXXST License tag No. (192-04T. Find er please return to 'Hie Farmers Federation WANTED every gardener in aWynes. ville to see our line of garden tools Special prices, Waynesville Hard ware Company. CHANCE OF LIFETIME RELIABLE MAN WANTED to cull on larmers in Haywood County. Wonderful opportunity, Make $7 to $12 dally. No experience or capi tat needed. Write today. McNESS Company, Dept. P. Freeport, III. NOTICE Your nearest Chiropractor is Drs. Limbaugh, 301 Wachovia Hank Bldg., Asheville, N. C., who invite you into confidential consultation. Their I'hone in Aohevilc 5614. FOUNTAIN PENS REPAIRED at THE WAYNESVILLE PHARMACY hy '." I. H. Thackaton PROGRAM FOR WAYNEWOOD THEATRE WAYNESVILLE, N. C. -: I THURSDAY AND FRIDAY, MARCH 3-4 SALLY FILERS, JAMES DUNN AND MAE MARSH in "Over The Hill to the Poor House" For colored teachers the average yearly salary is $487. This would make North Carolina far below the National average for teacher'?! cal ories. -' When Columbus was crossing the mightv Atlantic in his frail craft, his sailors wanted to turn! back. But not Columbus. He commanded them to sail on. Later thev threatened to throw him overboard if he did notj consent to return. But Columbus pictures and talkies our young peo ple see? Would it be helpful to have a committee to investigate education al pictures available, and a-k the co-operation of our theater in show ing them ? Information concerning ' Children and Movies" may be ol tained from Mrs. A. M. Mitchell, of University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 111. School is in session only eight months. For four months, or one purpose ' -was steadfast. Again he I third of the year, the pupils have no cuniuifliiucui . vi., ... luiirt-icu amvuv unless uruviucu uv May we "sail on" in our educational aoS-ancements, never beating a re treat, but continuing on the march. Does education pay? It pays divi dends in good citizenship. It tends to decrease the amount of money we have to spend on law enforcement, Snt mrvot of all. it tends to produce law abiding, constructive, and useful citizens of a community. the homes and the community. Can we afford not to provide something for our youth during their vaca tions? Should we make a start toward providing a club play ground, and park for our community. It is of untold educational worth to get the proper contact with our natural surround ings; to know our birds, our fields, SATURDAY, MARCH 5 BUZZ BARTON AND ALL STAR CAST in "THE CYCLONE KID" MONDAY AND TUESDAY; MARCH 7-8 RAMON N0VARR0 AND ALL STAR CAST in "BENHUR" The New Sound Version WEDNESDAY, MARCH 9 WARNER OLAND, JAMES KIRKWOOD AND ANNA MAY WONG in "CHARLIE CHAN'S CHANCE" ALSO COMEDIES EVERY DAY
The Waynesville Mountaineer (Waynesville, N.C.)
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March 3, 1932, edition 1
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