" A Page Devoted to the Interest of
f n n w n
iru aywo o dl (UooimiLy rarmmD og
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North Carolina Is Importing Over
$7,000,000 In Butter And Cheese
Farmers Of State Receive
Twenty Millions For xMilk
And Cream '
Jim S'aiic !
By Prof. W.
L. Clevenger, Dairy Spe
cialist
Although North Carolina has great
ly increased its production of dairy
products, its consumption of these
feeds has increased more than L'O pet
cent in the past live years and it is
now necessary to import .$7,000,000
worth of butter and cheese oath year.
"North Carolina today has an an
mu&l output, of about :i 1,000,000 pounds
of factory cheese; 4,000,000 gallons of
ice cream, sherbets and ices made in
plants and homes; 40,000,000 gallons
of market milk, cream, buttermilk
and chocolate milk.
"There are approximately 800 milk
producers and distributors, 2 milk
pasteurizing plants, 58 ice cream fac
tories and four cheese factories.
"The farm value of the milk and
cream amounts to $20,000,000 a year,
However, the state still imports be
tween 10,000,000 and 15,000,000
pounds each of butter and cheese at a
cost of $7,000,00(1. The consumption,
of milk and ice cream has increased 1
more than 20 per cent during the past
five years. The contributing factors
are higher quality of products and
production under more sanitary con
ditions. "The early promotion work in 1!0(
received much encouragement and the
excellent instruction work of the dairy
specialists soon led to herd improve
ment, building of dairy barns and silos-,
and supplying of higher quality milk
to the urban trade. As early as 11)08,
in the central and western part of the
-state, butter was being shinned out of
the state.
"In I'.MM'i, the tick eradication pro
gram was started. The state was de
clared lree of ticks m 1!)25. In I !)()!,
livestock associations Were lorniod
advocating test of dairy cattle for .tu
berculosis. On October 1, 1028, the
state Was declared Federal T IS
Accredited as the result of following
'this wise policy.
"A wave id' creamery 'promotion.
j Uncle
Preventative Work
Underway Here On
White Pine Blister
Scales Are Now Forming On
Gooseberry And Currant
IJushes In Infected Areas
Troy Franklin Is
F. F. A. President
Of Local Chapter
-- -- - 29
During this month an intensive in
spection campaign is being conduct
ed in the white pine growing sections
of Western North Carolina to determ
ine whether white pine blisters rust
is present on the leaves of currant
and gooseberry bushes.
Thjs season of the year is the time
when currants and gooseberries are
most likely to have a number of blis
ter rust spores (fruiting bodies) on
the leaves if infection is present; and
it is alsil tho Ufuunri Ihof ilii.'ici.il
n nen my dad was a boy, the stream currant or gooseberry bushes can
back of the barn was clear, with a I infect nearhv whir,.
meuuy now, anu run oi nsn. MIW it 3
muddy with top soil, and nobody
fishes there any more.
j which had spread through Georgia,
' broke out in North Carolina in 1910.
I Creameries thus established found it
j very difficult at first to operate profit
j ably due to an insufficient supply of
j cream and a lack of knowledge of
, creamery manufacturing and market
' ing problems.
"In July, 1914, the dairy extension
I work was fullv established as ii o:Lrr
of the agricultural extension work of
Mate ( ollege. The first official cow
testing association was organized by
the extension service in 11)14. On
July f, 1D:S7, there were eight cow-
i testing associations in operation,
j "A wave of creamery interest again
I was manifested at various points in
the state in 11)14. Clean routes were
I established wherever it was possible
i to encourage cream production to -sup-i
ply those creameries already estab
i lishcd and to keep down the number
ol creameries being organized in un
I prepared sections. In 11)15, a cream-
j cry was established at the agncultur
; al experiment station at State College
and was continued lor three year
l!ull association work started in 1017
" I he bangs disease program was
AUCTION SALE
Every
THURSDAY
Go Right In Buying And Selling
Your Livestock With
WESTERN CAROLINA LIVESTOCK
COMMISSION
Riverside Drive
Asheville, N. C.
T. K. Brown, General Mgr.
L. L. McLean, Sales Mgr.
I ST
blister rust, being a fungus dis
ease, is spread by spores carried on
air currents; and two types of spores
are produced each year in completing
the life cycle of the disease. Two dif
ferent types of plants are necessary
for the disease to -complete this life
cycle, namely (ribes) currant or
gooseberry bushes, and white pines.
The spores produced on diseased
white pines in the spring and early
summer months do not live on other
white pine-trees, but are capable of
living on the leaves of currant and
gooseberry bushes.
Such bushes, when infected, pro
duce spores at short intervals during
the summer months and these in turn
may spread from bush to bush
throughout the summer until the
leaves fall.
In sections where the air is cool and
moist, particularly in sections having
much loggv weather, this summer
spread of blister rust from currants
and gooseberries to other bushes of
like kind mav cover considerable
atea by the latter part of August wi
the first of September.
During these late summer and earlv
fall months diseased currant and
gooseberry leaves produce spores that
can live on the needles of white pine
trees. When white pines are infect
ed with blister rust, they die in a
manner similar to that, in which
The local chapter Future Farmers
of America held the first meeting of
the chapter for the school year 1937-
:S8 the past week. The purpose of the
meeting was to elect officers and set
up objectives for the year.
Troy Franklin was chosen presi
dent, Cecil Arlington vice president
and David Leatherwood treasurer.
These are members of the junior class.
The following seniors were elected to
office: William .McCracken secretary,
John KeeVes reporter. The execu
tive committee consists of Harold
Francis, Joe Calhoun, anil Fred Gal
loway. J. C. Brown was chosen ad
viser.
JlcCracken, in competition with all
other members of the organization in
the state, was declared outstanding
student for 19.'ib'-"!7, by the state
department. -Francis is secretary to
the state organization of Future
Farmers of America, having been
elected in June of this year.
The chapter set up as objectives for
this year many outstanding goals
some or wnicn are:
The use of purebred seed and live
stock, follow the State Experiment
Stations recommendations for use of
fertilizers, all records to be complet
ed, at least one acre of soil improve
ment crop per boy, all boys with
more than two projects, a net income
of one hundred dollars per boy, pre
pare an exhibit of Western North
Carolina forest tree wood, collect and
plant' seeds of native forest trees,
plant out three thousand forest tree
seedlings, establish a school museum,
earn $150.00 ."for 'the chapter.
The boys also agreed to equip the
class room With a motion picture
machine, a still picture machine and
a radio for the purpose of aiding in
iristructural work, to improve the
school ground by plantings, estab
lish a roadside market, convert sur
plus apples' into vinegar for sale,
buy fertilizers and seeds co-operative
ly;- decorate one show . window, es
tablish home shops, help establish
boys who are graduating in the busi
ness of farming, co-operate in all
list rift and state contests, irive fath-
iur er and sons banmiet and munv other
valuable chestnuts died in recent Objectives too numerous to mention,
years;' This disease, although not The chapter was successful in ob
spread from chestnut toother chest- taming most of the objectives set. up
nuts, is spread l)V currant and -goose- for last vi'-sir --n,l iL,i-'i. i-u:,..i
....vivify v'll Lllllli
berry bushes as the cedar-apple rust ' place in the state as a chapter. This
is spread to-apple trees via the red 'year they are ' workinir toward first
place.
The chapter plans to attend the
state convention at Raleigh as a body
when it convenes m June
AXW I !,
N. S WT S'
Get Your Car Ready
WINTER DRIVING
Ik Core cold davs set here is the time to pet that car
ready for satisfactory winter drivinsf.
Our mechanics are competent to get your car in the
best of condition.
Junaluska Supply Co.
PIJONE 266-3
JERKY LINER, Owner
LAKE JUNALUSKA
cedar.
Controlling blister rust of white
pin.: is accomplished in much the
same. manner as controlling cedar
j apple rust by destroying the alter
nate host plants, currant and goose
ui inlection range of white pmes.
ing infection ranger of white pines.
. i . ... .
r or nns. practical purposes the in
fection range does not exceed 1)00 feet;
but it is sometimes necessary to de
stroy these bushes for a distance of
several thousand feet from the pmes
due to steep slopes, prevailing winds
or unusually moist atmospheric, con
ditions. Mark Ferguson, supervisor in
charge of white pine blister rust work
of Haywood county, states that white
pine owners can protect their pipes
from this disease bv co-operating wit h
each other or with the IT. S. and
North Carolina Department of Agri
culture in the removal of the currant
and gooseberry bushes growing in
wnite pine areas; and Mr. Ferguson
states that he will be glad to help with
this program if any owner will let
him know his needs at Clyde.
Any person who finds diseased
currant or gooseberry bushes or dis
eased white pines, is urged to send
speciments to Mr. Ferguson at the
above address or to 11, H. Teagne,,
(104 County Court House, Ashevillo;
or C. H. Brannon, State Entomolo
gist, Raleigh, or to the U. S. Depart
ment of Agriculture, Bureau of Ento
mologist and Plant Quarantine, Wash
ington, D. C.
Those desiring information per
taining to blister rust may feel free
to contact or correspond with any of
the above agencies. It may be that
such information can be supplied by
the county farm agent with more con
venience to the land owner.
flag, F. F. A. banner, miniature- plow,
ear of yellow corn, picture of (ieorge
Washington and an owl.
The program consisted of the scrip
ture reading by Clyde Justice, speech
on "Agriculture in the Southern Moun
tains," by Spencer Walker, jokes by
Mark Kirkpatrick, questions and an-
1. .. I M , ,.-,.
a"n ".v -'a.-., uane.s anil uniie mc
Crary, guitar selections by Frank
Fish.
A short talk On Future Farmers
club work was given bv Howe Fer
guson. Smgned: MII.AS CHEENE,
Reporter.
F. F. A. Club At Fines
Creek Gives Program
The Fines Creek chapter of the Fu
ture Farmers of American cave a
a chapel program last Friday before
the entire school. The officers and
club members used the F; F. A. cere
mony and ritual in opening and clos
ing the program. The stage was set
with the standard equipment for F. F.
A. chapters, namely, the American
begun in 1027 by the veterinary divi
sion of the Department of Agriculture
co-operating with the State College
experiment station. On July 1 this
year 30!) dairy herds were accredited
and testing of more than 30,000 head
of dairy cattle is continuing. . Many
counties are requiring the test, which
is essential to the development of
good dairy herds and is of great eco
nomical importance."
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