Newspapers / The Duplin Times (Warsaw, … / Jan. 17, 1952, edition 1 / Page 7
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lu IUi X...U.J .ill .... 0 0 i l:ow&ra B etter ' 1 by L. F. WEEKS l - County -Agent . 1 " Duplln'County tobacco growers aw face the ' biggest challenge a their history. .. Diseases, notably black shank, it the flue-cured crop in Duplin County harder last summer than v er , before. A large number of growers tried to get by with non resistant varieties and In many cases the results were disastrous. Even , the black shank resistant varieties, such as Oxford 1, Ox-i ford 1-181, and Dixie Bright 101, were damaged heavily by. attacks of the disease in a few f ields.-Heav-ierdamage was suffered by the moderately resistant varieties than by the. three varieties carrying higher resistance, , - . T Crop Year As a result, many, growers are asking: "What next? Where do we go from here?" ' ' -1 'Research ' is being continued, and every effort Is being made to find varieties with good quality, good yields, and higher disease re sistance. But because the prob lem Is complex and such a' large volume of work is required to de velop even one acceptable variety. much to help solve his own pro blem of tobacco diseases. He can followpractices whioh research and experience have shown will contribute to success with the crop. We visited and observed a large ntimbef of tobacco fields in Du plin County last summer, -We found black shank present in all thirteen townships. - We discovered that Dixie Bright 101 was the predominating black progress along these lines, is Blow shank resistant variety used by at best. ; : . growers, wron some acreage piuuieu Growers should not expect, in also to Dixie Bright 102, Oxford 1, the very near future, varieties with and Oxford 1-181. higher resistance than is found in In general, Dixie Bright 101 has the varieties now available. performed very satisfactorily in What, then, can be done? that good yield, good quality, and 'The individual farmer can do satisfactory resistance are In evl- L C3oiv "Cams jr ' n "'b i n. dsFM m Scsca FOOD FREEZER I 429.95 nr.. L!. . n-J-1 Hotpolnt offra yov convew Hotpoinr s current-conserving -CUDlC-f 001 MOOei ' i.nrff, ,l,nterhU Thrtfrnauter Unit carries a 5, JM UooSl 01 Largest .need h ubkp brigk rfocecsioo pkK Come . r v. n...:Jl. . lift-out baskets; Mtomatfe kn in. mad Hotpotnt Food Famines, TO! Require terior light, tbermomctt nd gteew in. 8,m 15 nd 23 Little Extra Space cmy-cknung Cal&oa4fici&fojim& L P. TV ALL'S SONS dence throughout the county. How ever, in a few instances Dixie Bright 101 as well as otner black shank resistant val.etic d d npt live satisfactorily. In this county where about 800 growers used Dixie Bright 101, about 12 of them lost up to oO per cent of their tobacco in certain fields. These percentages of failure or partial failure, although severe in individual cases, were small when compared to the overall periorin ance of resistant varieties. Examination of fields where re sistant varieties did not survive satisfactorily has led us to a num ber of conclusions. We present them here for the consideration of all growers. ' 1. 'No varieties available today can be counted on to live 100 per cent on soils heavily infested with black shank. This has been rec ognized all a'ong. . m However,, proper rotation will support the resistance of varieties that are available and will contri bute to the successful production of resistant varieties on disease-infested soil. A two-year rotation will - help in many cases, but In badly infested soil and where other conditions are unfavorable for tob acco (nematodes, (rodt knot) wire- worm, fertilizer injury, unfavor able weather), a three or four-year rotation will be required in many cases. In case after case this year. we have seen that both resistant and non-resistant varieties survived better in fields where rotation was practiced than in fields where tob acco followed tobacco. ' 2. In all instances where resis tant varieties were found dying to any great extent and where a por tion of the field was planted to ULcioco after, tubaoco, there was a s timing a.iference in plant survival as compared to the area in the field wneie taoacco followed corn. In. some ' instances the same variety had died b0 to 90 per rest of the fieid, Kith tobacco following corn, the ' variety was . standing up 80 to 99 per cent.'-' v. -u v.'' 3. In almost every instance where the loss of a resistant variety was great, there was a heavy infestation of ; nematodes (root knot). - The question arises immediately if the weakened plant with its root. sys tem damaged by nematodes is more susceptible and may become in fected with black' shank; in an ear" her stage if the pliant arid root sys tem are healthy. The heavy in festation of the plant roots with nematodes was largely responsible for the rapid ripening and pre mature firing under the hot dry weather conditions late in the past harvest season.) At any rate, grow ers are urged to get some exper ience with soil treatment by treat ing at least a part of their acreage with DD or Dow-fume W-40 where root knot or meadow nematode is bad . 4. With hot, dry weather pre vailing during and following trans planting, there was more tnan the usual amount of fertilizer injury to the root system. Again the ques tion arises whether a large per centage of the plants, even with resistant varieties, may have be come Infected with black shank as a result of a damaged root system and a weakened plant. Fertilizer should be applied in such way as to reduce injury to the root sys tem to a minimum. This can be done by using a band placement distributor or making a split ap plication. j. mere was more than the usual amount of wire-worm injury, and again there is a question of whether a large per cent of the plants will become infected with black shank where the roots and lower stalk are damaged by the wireworm or cutworm. Treatment for wireworm control will reduce difficulties caused by this pest. 6. Where resistant varieties fail ed to live satisfactorily, many of the plants appeared to be sick with black shank and seemed to be strug gling to survive. Hot, dry weather seemed to be taking the moisture out of the plant faster than the damaged root system could re- January 1, PilacS itIi.ThU Perhaps resulted In can usually be partially overcome the death of many plants that oth erwise might have recovered had. the rainfall been better distributed and the temperature mild, , Many grower noted that plants of re sistant varieties which were sick from black shank made consid erably recovery, if they were not too far gone, when a shower came. It is recognized that black shank spreads faster in rainy weather, but the very hot dry weather seem ed to kill a larger percentage of the Infected plants than would likely have been killed under conditions of more favorjj,e growth. 7. Glowers saouid avoid trans panting resistant varieties late in hot weather.- "'Reasonably, early transplanting is best. 8. Careful harvesting of uniform ly ripe tcwacco will do much to war d eliminating undesirable characteristics of varieties criticiz ed by the buyng companies. Along with these suggestions, each grower should, of course, fol low other good practices and prop er management in order to offset or overcome as many of the unfav orable conditions as possible. A work of caution is in order. When a variety is described as "Resistant," this does not mean that it is considered immune trom attacks of black shank. Of the varieties available, only moderate resistance to black shank is offer ed by Dixie Blight 101, Oxford 1, Oxford 1-181, and most of the Vestas. Dixie Bright 102, Vesta 30, and Vesta 33 are more highly resistant. Among the black shank resis tant varieties, Dixie Bright 102 and 101 are producing the best cigarette quality tobacco under Dupiin con ditions. The yield of 101 generally is superior to other black shank re sistant lines. The leaves of the var iety are tender under conditions of rapid growth. It is susceptible to several of the leaf spot diseases and appears susceptible to nema todes, it has moderate resistance to black shank and hifvi resis tance to Granville wilt. The var iety needs to become very r De be fore priming almost to the ex tent of beginning 10 lire at uie up. If 101 tends to cure too bright this 1. PINK HILL, HEADQUARTERS FOR WORLDS UN 2EEZERS N. C. est Riff iGF4iertTr3Li ooaooaooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o O' o o o o o ) ) ( ) ) ' ) ) ( ) 1 Make Wintertime Meals Exciting With Creamy Ice Cream For Dessert I 1 1 1 ... Just watch that family of yours perk up and pass their dessert plates , for more, when you serve. them our extra-rich ice cream at mealtimes. Try all : of ; bur delicious ; E flavors. Order now. WHITE ICE CREAM "&:MILK COMPANY o o o o o o o o o o o o o 91 o o o c o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o O O O O O O O O o o o o o o c o o () n MILE H D r A ' by allowing the leaf to become well ripened In the field and yellow' in the, barn. , !n .M ..v ' Dixie Bright 102 is of high qual ity, produces moderate yields (Us ually about 200 to 300 pounds less per acre than 101), is not as brittle as 101 but -apparently is just as susceptible to leaf spot diseases. The 102 strain Is highly resistant to both black shank and C . wilt. It seeds to be dried l -than other varieties during the Wf curing process,"' " t Dixie Bright 101 and 102 do not tend to button premarturely und dry weather' conditions as do Ox ford 1, Mammoth Cold, Gold Do. lar and Vesta 30. ' i , , 1 v L.I1. Weeks . County Agent v rdoooooooooooeooooooooooe S o o o o o o o . o o o o o e o Station Publishes Livestock Study A new bulletin on "Livestock Marketing Agencies in North Caro lina' has just been publi? hed by the North Carolina Experiment Sta tion. The publication covers types, number, and location of livestock marketing agencies; volume, season ality, and tyipe of livestock handled by type of market; source, dispo sition, and destination of animals; methods of transporting livestock to and from marketing agencies; physical facilities and practices of market agencies and public regula tion of livestock markets. The study was made by Walter P. Cotton, associate professor of agricultural economics. The bulle tin is part of a long-range le search program on livestock mark eting by the experiment stations of several Southern states. The ef forts are being coordinated through a Southern Regional Technical Committee in cooperation with the U. S. Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Agricultural Economics. Some of the conclusions reached markets are too small, most sales by Cotton are that many of the are not made by grade, and shrink- e o o o o o o o $ O P o o o 9 ALWAYS IN DEMAND . . . is the smart gal who knows one of the big secrets to popularity is al ways looking well-groomed. Send your clothes to us to be laundered and dry cleaned. Guaranteed satis faction. Special care taken with buttons, zippers, pads. o o o o o o o o o o o o o o . IDEAL LAUNDRY & Dry Ceaners Rug & Upholstery Cleaning WILMINGTON, N. C. "Our Trucks Run All Over Duplin" o o o o o o o o 0 oeoooooooo( GARDNERS Dairy Products Proven E(D)lBlSIEir(D)lNf' JFeirttflllnzeirs . '. ,'fj rfrt' --. ' ' -V; Nov Available IniThe Albertson, , f ' Albertson, N. C ', 'V - - - Contact Him For Your Fertilizer. Needs ROBERTSON CHEMICAL CORP. 1.4 His Words Live On forever szn j iFv 1 5 Benjamin Franklin's "Poor Richard s Almanac" was a collection of the wisdom of the ages, gathering within its pages words that were bricks in building a sound, healthy life. Leading in usefulness were those that advised careful saving, the keystone to freedom and happiness. " ' , .--V -V--- r '. -' .--''' - First - Citizens Bank& Trust Company V 'Pink Hill, N.C. Wilmington, N.C.
The Duplin Times (Warsaw, N.C.)
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Jan. 17, 1952, edition 1
7
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