RELIGION WITHOUT BIGOTRY. ZEAL WITHOUT FAX ATI Rial, LI 33 RTF WITH JUT LICENTIOUSNESS.
Vol. XXIV. SUFFOLK, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER lO, 1871. No. 4:1.
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SELECTIONS.
V
faod nml Business.
God’s blessing is the condition of all real
success in life All planning must take
this contingency into the account. To
choosing the place of our sojourn and tho
business to be pursued, and in embarking
upon any enterprise, the dependence is ab
solute. There are many ways in which
Providence can intervene to break up the
schemes wc have (]*jvii^d. It happens con
tinually that men are disappointed in their
purposes and that, fcouie-lKVw, their ways
are turned upside down, Theit expecta
tions have been reasonabler>^they have
•moved .forward with the certainty ofaceom
lpirsi’ng their undertakings, but something
turns up to overwhelm them with disap
pointment. The mcrch&u.t, in the 1 lingua ire
of the old time atheists, says ; “Today or
•to-morrQw we will get into such a city and
•cootiuue there a year, and buy and sell,
and get gain.” The thought of an over
.ruliog hand does not enter tho mind, while
the busy devices of gain are being formed.
Thus, with the professional man. the me
chanic, the farmer. There art- contiugen>
cies of course, that may mar rue well con
sidered programme, but God is not distinct
ly recognized. IIis connection with practical
atluirs, if admitted at all, is of a most indi
rect, distant, and complex character. If
our affairs arc within the limits of honesty,
'God is not supposed to meddle with us, or
to care about what we aim at.
Yet if life and health are in his keeping,
and if the material universe is under His
control, our welware hangs upon 11 is will
To change our domicile, to cuter upon bu
siness, to make a foitune, to continue here
or there, depend upon the divine favor. A
single death, a shipwreck, an earthquake's
shock, the breath of pestilence, or revulsions
in trade defying calculation, may sweep
<»way all. Our most certain projects should
he taken in hand with this quilifiation al
ways clearly felt. This will lead us to con
sider other ends than those of gain and am
bition. The question, in addition to earth
ly profit, will be the fnverablcncss to our
spiritual welfare and* to greatest usefulness
- The prohabilites of wealth will be balaucod
sibmg with tJjo.se of “the true riches” and
the openings for a prosperous religious life.
The kingdom of God should he first in our’
seeking, so that the study of temporal in
terests come* in as a secondary matter. If
kvc think of God in the selection of ^ pro
fession or business, or in the change of our
home, we shall think of Him as approving
ouly what is evidently best fur IJis work
•and cur own salvation. While we feel >hat
The Father of lights is not an indifferent
" spectator of our affairs, we should settle
upon no business which compromises the
4 Iterests of the soul, or that is likely to
call down upon us thy divine displeasure.
The Christian will locate himself with a
view to religion as well as business, and
will seek for a field where ho can not only '
make money, bill also be of most servico to
the church. We fear that many who are
engaged in trade would be condemn' d if i
they were to apply the test. There is
whisky mixed up with their commodities,
Sabbath hours are encroached upou, and
hurtful associatious, and questionable merh
•ods involved Put this clause into the
•copartnership or into the proposed business,
and it is dissolved at once. “If tbo Lord
will,” like Ithurial’s sphear, reveals the
■Bfiiunic character of mauy u plausable traus
«tuu«»u.
The recognition of God in business may
cot lead to what the world..rates,as success
It *riji, bPW*ver.'inSuce'csoJber expectations
in submission to Him who dispenses the
fortuuesnf life in wisdom and mercy. The
ppi^ymptyou *>f counting upon life as xouie
fbiug assured will beyond n doubt not be
allowed, and the probabilities of failure will
be culmly entertained. Conscious of a con
secrated purpose, and .dilligently using tpe
means, the result may disappoint, but God’s
finger will bo seen in the failure as in the
success His will, for purposes of discip
line, and for purposes too w.id.e for our
present comprefiensiop, bps been to cross
,ouf path and upset our plans, l^ew, even
of the good aud upright, live to consum
mate their ideals, or, if living, are permit
ped to realize their hopes. Success may be 1
rightfully desired, gaiu may be sought I
piously, and yet it is best that we should j
often be baffled in our efforts. We are pet
to speak or think as though the whole mat
ter were In our own hands, but rather to
plan aod hope iu eutire relance upon liipi
who may, in infinito mercy? deny what our
industry and sagacity, havo claimed as a
right. Men labor and speculate, sow and
reap, save and invest, but, tho Lord gives
aod alfo takes away. His providenoc does
not »Uep while wc are intent upon accumu
lation. The sohpmes of men are thwarted,
their lives are "cut off as ' ibo tops of the
ears of eorn,”, a,nd a broken shaft tells the
story of prematura death. God’s will is a
condition ever {present, and to plan with
reterenoe Ip, it* existence, secures a resig
nation anjj) ^iiriety which iwee.te.ns the cup |
of a lversify. In ibis conception of all-dis
posing Providence failure is a true puceeps.
and ,what seems to be a blight is the highest
prosperity. Th£ shivered idol has given
place to Him who dwell* between the'cher
ubim, and the apparently shattered coliimh,
so far from being broken, lifts its head
within<Jhe realms of light.
The jWverseness which is blindly bent
upon the attainment of selfish ends may be
punished by its very success. With no
reference to God’s will, men may insist
upon their own «*»y. Their wishes for'
pleasure nnd fortune are fulfilled, but they
have gained the world at, the expense of
tin ir souls. Thus the rebellious lusts of
the Isrnejites were rebuked: “And He
gave them their request, but sent leanness
into their soul.” M**n may rr-jpet the idea
of Providence, or they may insist upon
having its dispensations in accordance with
their desires, and G »d permits them to
possess what their unbelieving hearts craved.
Their request, is granted, hut the immortal
soul is a perpetual waste and an everlasting
desolation. This wilful planning with< ut
God could not be visited by a heavier judg
ment. We have been dictatorial ami inde
pendent, ami our prosperity recoils at la't£
upon u? in tii« trighttul lorma oi worldly
delirium and utter indifference to the eter
nal future Temporal fortune gained in
entire submission to God, and Ly means,
accordant with His will, proves a blessing.
The spirit in which it is made will pervade
its use and disposal. But the godless ai d
heady soui is impoverished by riches and is
having weights to himself which will sink
him deeper into perdition.
“If the Lord will” is the saving clause in
i all our purposes and undertakings. 11$ is
over all, and wiser and tetter than all. A
life of busiuess activity so directed will be
on*1 of sober expectipn, of serene submission,
of incorruptible integrity. It will be a life
of trust, in which wevery endeavor has a
consecrated motive. Besides capital, en
ergy auJ sagacMy, the will of the Lord
comes in as a most important item lu the
estimate. Iu that will, a bearing upon our
affairs, lie questions which we cannot solve
j for ourselv s, and which we may cheerfully
leave in the hands t)f~a “faithful Creator.
If the fruits of toil slip from our grasp : if
the prize for which wo contend is never
reached; if, after wriy and embarrasment,
financial ruiu overtake us there will be sun
shine left. On the other hand, if the ex
pected reward is attained, and pleuty and
profuson wait upon our care, there will be
no poison in tbo cup of our joy. God will
be in all to print His bow upon the retiring
storm and to throw a mantle of glory over
the threatening sky, or to cast a subdued
»nd hallowed radience upon the field* ofour
abounding prosperity.—Ar. 0. Christian
Advocate. •
Heartless Criticism.
It is the common lot of public servant*
to reeeive gratuitous criljeisnu?. The minis
ter is no exception, but is, perhaps, more
subject thao others to the general criticism
of tlie world, both of saints aud sinners.
There is no accounting for tastes. People
of all fancies, of all kinds and dt grcesof
intelligence, people of culture, and no cul
ture, alike deeru^U their right and privilege
to express t.h.eir view of minister and his
services: and those who do it the most
ofteu indulge self-complacency, as if tin y
deemed their opinion o( much value and
decisive.
Many a deep impression has been enact'd
by a thoughtless remark heard after a ser
irnu. What must be the effect of suub a
remark upon an awakeued hearer? A
young woman was recently deeply impress
id by a sermon on the need aDd duty of<
repentence. She felt a deep sense of her
Built, her prayerleas aud lost condition.
She was distressed in view of her sins.
She was under the strivings of the Holy
Spirit. But as she was goiug home she
heard a professor of religion pay : ' 'The
sermon was dry to me. I could not get,
interested in it." This thoughtless remark
bud a most unhappy influeuoe. It dispelled i
her sepious impressions. She paid to her- \
s«df and to others,: M Well, if that professor
of religion thought so little of the sermon,
1 will not trouble myself about if,4* How
natural this result. And so the Holy
Spirit resisted and grieved away, be- ,
cause a thoughtless professor must gratify I
the evil ppirit of criticism.
Is not this a subject that shoud bo care- j
fully considered ? The "oaso of this young
woman is tlpat of thousunds. Ob, these
sius .of the tongue,- these wanton or idle I
speeches against the.efforts cf the m-eacher ■
of the cross J They are cruel, they are j
deadly in their effects. If you heard the
preaching of the gospel with a more bum
ble and better heart, you would not be so
disposed to indulge in idle criticism, but
would take delight in deepening the im
pressions made by appreciated andnffeotion
ate words of your own.—American. Mesren
yer.
Bk kind to oqmanolhcr. -tJ
The Modern f'lcrgyutun.
They are now every mao's friend and
they have to pay 'he dues of frietiddiip. A
clergyman of this fcify oufce stated—and we
have every reason to believe without ex
aggetatiou—that the amount of writtng
done each y«ar by the paster of a large
parish, having two sermones to prepare and
few exchanges, is surpas>ed by the amount
produced by no author—that the number
of parochial calls made, all requiring tact
and sympathy, equals that of a physician in
good practice—that the amount of general
advising done, touching etihgol^ property,
quart-els. questionable action, abd a thousand
thing*,equal* ihut of a lawyer with a fair
business; ami that the other duties; school
visiting, lecturing, writing articles, making
brief addresses, serving on committees, and
doing "everybody’s work,” would .employ
another man still—not to speak of the
student function, that which makes our
clergymen the best patrons of our book
stores, and the most thorough readers of
our best books. Few people ever know of
these things; fewer still stop to thiuk of
them.
The hardest part of a clergyman’s life, as
it is of editor’s is the necessity of producing
without the time to produce. Good
j thoughts, whether in the paper, the volume,
or sermon, need time to grow up leisurely,
to mature in a calm restfulness, ond to be
produced when, and only when, they are
so f ir ripe they need expression, Once io
a while we bear a sermon which we know
is the frtlit of leisure ; it must have grown,
to be the rounded, balanced thing it is.
We feel instinctively thjit sack a paper
could not have been thrown off at the rate
of two a week, with .a hundred other dis
tractions and cares added thereto. But there
»re few or no ministers who can give, their
people this kind of fare; college professors
may; but whether happily «»r unhappily, our
clergymen cannot; they must write on the
jump; the Sundays whirl in amazing swif -
ness, aud weekly grist of thought, sensibili
ty and reflection most be ready;
tf it wefe hot too delicate and personal
a matter, we could write freely regarding
the tfemeudous strain pUt Upon editors;'but
that is foreign to our present task. We
merely waut to indicate from our p-.int of
view, what wc thiuk the public should ex
pect and demand from the ministers of reli
gion; how forbearing men should be to a
class of educated gentium ri, who although
obliged to wear clothes which do not show
the stains of labor, are among the most in
tense aud unwearied workers among us
lu the general and indiscriminate mixing
up of professions and occupations, the clergy
man is not spared; he takes his chance with
the rest, aud enjoys no immunities, no
untuxeu dignities. lie is a man among
men ; enjoying peculiar privileges indeed,
having the key to our homes, and
sometimes to our hearts, but notwitl.stand
ing a point higher thao other men. And
this >s the fcbest thing, on the whole, in
American society, that in whatever pro
fession or calling a man is ho passes for
just what he i* worth. No matter what
he wears—for we take it fur granted that a
gentleman will not forger himcelf ami
dress like a jockey—no n atter where lu*.
lives, no matter whether a tradesman or a
“professional ” man, if lie has native dignity
truth and nobleness of character they will
he found out. If he has not these, btiug a
el« rgyman will hot help him ; if he has
them, his not being a clergyman will uot
hdp him. — Hartford Gourant.
The Melody of tUe 23(1 Psalm.
There lies back of some of the bible pro
misee' such » region of joy and peace,
bathed in such glory, filled with such tri
umph, that it seems as if some insurmount
able barrier must keep us from it, and
“Jordan roll between”—that state where
we shall love God with all our hearts, and
know the love of Christ, and to be one wish
him. Yet doubtless the river of death is
but a stream passing through the Lord’s
dominions—uot the dividing line between
us and them, What, then, is the harrier?
“O, fools and slow of heart to believe,’’
there is no obstacle through which Christ
is not a way. The wall reacheth unto
heaven in the face of ail endeavors, because
we approach it not by faith, *’ I am the
door; Tty toe, if any mail enter in, ho shall
be saved, and shall go in and out and find
pasture.” Safe forever Irotn fear of famine,
quiet forever frour fear of evil, easy will be
to them the crossing of that narrow stream
from one part of the Lord’s country to
another, the Lord himself holding ul’by the
right baud. ... ..——
Thououts.—The mind is busy ; it is not
sleepiug. It is a mint always coining
thought—very debased coin it sometimes
turns out. but. also sometimes very pure
and beautiful. Some men’s minds gain no
thoughts but those of business; ctheis none
but U;ose of pleasure; but some meu'stniuds
have the power of turning ^ .3 gold by
connecting all that is around ttufm ,wiyl,t
thoughts of God and bis wonderful lovo.
Pvistoi;» and Children.
A great am] is said about the duties of
the pastor to tite children. What are the
children taught about their duties to their
pastor ?
It is of«cn hard for the raster tb remciit
b« r the names of all the little folks in the
3ongregafi<>n. So many bright eyed Ma
l rys end Susies and Nellies, so many Johns
and f]arry« and Dicks, are apt to get as
; confused in his mind os the colors id a
kaleidoscnpd, abd it is not wonderful if W
often fails to recognize them away from
their homes.- ]5ut every boy and girl
knows the pastor by sight, at least, And
I ought always to speak to him pleasantly
i and respectfully A bright “good morn
!ng,, from a child's lips is as welcome as a'
I sunbeam. It is very sweet to cue who is
trying to feed the lambs, to find that they
! b»ve him, and love to follow where he
! leads.
Another duty of the children to the pas- |
tor is to listen to him. They sometimes •
excuse themselves from this duty by saying, i
“Oh 1 Dr; --■ is not preaching to us.
Tin* sermon is for father and mother. All
we have tb do, fs to still, and preserves a
quiet appearance, while under the surface :
the thoughts are flying here and there, I
| backward and forward, over last week and j
on to next, abd not a ftofd of the sermon i
i :
: do they hear. If they would hut attend,
they would find a great deal that they
i could understand The great mistake in
.‘-peaking to the young is that people try «o
hard to speak down to the intellectual level
of their audience, rather than to lift the
audience up to their level. An average
1 child of ten or twelve, or eVen of younger 1
age, can understand the larger part of an
average sermon. Not perhaps the whole of j
['it in its breadth nf scope, but enough to |
remember an»l be helped by it Intelligent
children at home listen with interest to the
! talks of their elders, on all sorts of subjects.
: political, scientific, and religious. It is a
| part of their education, and a part that
1 neTer fails to leave its impress.
Another duty of the children to their
! pastor is to pray for him. Every day when
they pray—not merely sajr their prayers—
j they should think of their minister, and a>k
: God to bless hiuis Thvre is not the Clris
tian worker alive who will'not work better it
he lias the ehi]ir«u*s prayers.
I&.Jove a duty *? Surely. -i;.• e love is the
fuifilUn g • : • he law ! Tlnn ! i-t of all, let the
children love their pastor -- 8. 6’. Times.
“I Want to be a Minister.”
More than y centaury ago there lived in
I England and orphan 1 oy with promising
talents, who oft n said. “I want to be a
minister but having no money to carry
the great, desire of bis heart, his youthful
' spirit often bowed to the earth in disappoint
ed hope.
Once a wealthy lady offered to pay his
; expenses at school if ho would study and
become a minister in her church : but ilie
! b«»v loved the church of his fathers, and
! could no* be induced to leave his spir
itual mother ; so respectfully declined
the lady’s kind offer.
1 Afterward lie visited a learned minister
I of hi.fi own church, and asked the goud
pastor's advice iu regard t studying for
the ministry ; but here he obtained no en
! eouragement at ulj. The friendless boy
went to God, and while he was engaged in
i fervent prayer the mail-carrier knocked at
the door ot his closet, ami handed him a
letter from a fiiend of his father, with an
off- r to assist him in his studies for the
unmst ry.
Thus his desire was gratified, and he be
came one of the most useful ministers of
England. His name was Philip Dodridge.
Wo eommend his example to all oar read
ers. The Lord tracts many ministers.
Oreat numbers who are now boy3 must
soon preach the gospel. Let every boy
ask this question, whether he should not
engage ill this work. We should be-eou
cerned about the duty of serving the Lord,
and how wo should serve him. If it is a
boy’s duty to enter iuto the ministry, he
should strive hard to enter it as well as he
should strive hard to enter beareu, and he
should pray for the Lord’s guiduuce in the
one case as well as ha should pray for it in
the o'her.—/i'Yi'/ojus li raid
If you meau to follow'Christ, reckon to
meet temptations eyeu at first, and so in
all the way. Uuwisc to pat to sea and
expect no, storms, nothing but fair weather.
—Leighton.
IIavb the courage to drop the most
agreeuhlij.ttaqSaiutaucc you have when yen
are convinced be lacks principle, A friend
should boar a friend’s iufiriuities.” but out
bis vices.
A spirit of kindness is beautiful in the
aged, lovely iu the young, and indispensa
ble to the emufort and happtiiess of a fam
ily.
The uiiu of an honest man’s life is not
tho happiness that serves inly himself, hut
the vUtup urbioh. is usel
The Ruts of JLife.
G»t r.iit of them, if you wish to live long,
if you wish to avoid the lunatic asylum,
if you wi-h to escape suicide or a miser’s
d'afb. Mi*o and women must have recre
atioD, must have amusement, mu*t hava .
diver-b.n It is wholesome for the mind j
to break from its daily vocation or employ- j
ment every night. The man who goes j
from hi? counting house or his workshop
at the close of the day, and does not leave j
it behind him, but sits at the family table j
iij moodiness brooding over past occur- j
renees, wishing probabilities*, casting con
jectures, laying plans, and when the meal j
is over sitSr tbmkinz, tbioktasY kv the j
hour, and^goeg to bed to toss and tumble
and worry, cannot live long ; the brain or
the heart must give way. and he will drop
dead in the street, as many a business New
Yorker has done within a few years past.
In the island of Cuba, the wagon roads :
lead ov^r bills made of limestone; the;
wheel have run in the same track for gen- j
orations, and have so worn info solid stone
that the hubs scrape the surface, and
there is no getting out of the tut until the i
bottom of the bill is reached.
So in the lives of many, the mind, un- |
der the influence of worldly care, gets to
run in a particular track ; iu other cases,
tue occupation are of such an insufferable i
sameness from one year’s end to* the
other, that its workings become mechan
ical, and out of these lines they cannot
work at all ; hence the ftupiuity of such
a large portion of the farming population
of all countries,? the peasants of England
and Ireland and France, and Germany and
Russia as well
More farmers’ wives and daughters go
crazy, OutH>f one thousand, than of any
other class, simply because of the one same
routiu* of drudgery—of cooking^ washing,
eh ailing, from morning to night, from one
year’s cod to another ; even the Sabburh
day making but little change, and that
change only the result of the extra drudge
of Saturday.
And our wives, m large towns and cities
sweep and dust and arrange, and wash
and sew and provide, iu one incess
ant round, summer an 1 winter. No wou
der they grow thin .and careworn, aod
weak and nervous. Get out of the ruts,
all of you ; pay a neighborly visit ore Dight
iu the week : or for two afternoons let there
he a “let up’’ in the way of a drive to the
Central Park, a visit to the “visage,” an
excursion on the river or in the ears, a pic
nic. a celebration, hut best of ail, iu city
or country, a horseback ride of an hour
or two* “there and back.” What an appe
tite it gives : and the weariness, what a
delicious sleep follows
Get out of the rut, reader, two or three 4
hours a week, and there will he no time
lost by it in the long rue, for it gives activity
to the moral nature ; it wakes up observa- i
tioo ; it exercises comparison ; it gives
breadth of view on all subjects ; it makes a
woman more womanly ; and in countless
cases it would save from the madhouse !—
Hull's Journal of Health.
Force of tub Scriptures.—I fcu:>w
there is that in the Seriptues which has
grit to it I know it by this token ; not
that wise men have written so much, but
that, there is a book which has goue
through tempestuous ages,assailed, buffeted
cast hither, thither, and yet has returned
the confidence of mankiud, because it has
that iu it wlfffch masters sjjfrow, takes boll
0/ trouble, gives strength where there is
weakness, and supplies an anchor to those
who are tempeSt-^bs.'ed. There is that in
the Word of God which has led the world
through troublous periods, which supports (
the poeraud ignorant, taking hold of the
fundamental wants of human nature with ;
power which no other thing ever did.— !
Beecher. *
What a Man Knows.—What a mao ,
can write out clearly, correctly and briefly,
without ho«»k or reference of any kind,
that he undoubtedly knows, whatever else
be may be ignorant of. For knowledge 1
that falls short of that—knowledge that is
vague, h»syt indistinct- uncertain—I for
ouc* profess no respect at all And I be
lieve that there never was a time or emui
| try where the influences of cartful training
; were °iu that respect more needed. Men
j live in haste, write in haste—I was going
i to say think in haste, oDly that perhaps
i the word thinking is haidiy applicable to
I that large number who, for the most part,
! purchase their deily allowance of thought
ready made.—Juord Stanley.
A Swuoss Tliot'GUT,—Suppose there
| was a book, in which the whole life was
I recorded, each' page of which contained
the events of a day y aud at the beginning
was written—‘‘This the life of a rational.
mortal accountable enealuro placed in
I this world to prepare fbr eternity !” Ob,
' what amount of guilt would the record of
each day present!—Dr. PaysoH.
Be fruitful iu good works.
FARM AND GARDEN.
*I*he Cultivation of Wheat
Anyone who has paid any attention to
the wheat product of the United Sta'cs,
comparing the yield per Sere in past years
with what it is at present, cannot fail to be
struck with the fact that in the best wheat
growing regions of tbe older States, the
product of grain per acre eteadi’y declined, j
but that recently, through" more judicious j
cultivation, the average yield, taking into
consideration the area under cultivation, j
has gradually but slowly increased, altho’t
it has not yet reached, except in rare in
stances, the acreable product of the origi
nal soil. A rjtiarter of a century ago the
average predact of wheat in Maryland did
not much exceed seven bushels to the acre.
Since, the average in good seasons has
risen to fifteen bushels, thus more than
doubling the crop. A similar decline and
a similar improvement is observable in the
repot is from all the older States since ft-rti
z,sts have been more liberally employed
and a better system of cultivation has
taken the place of the old slovenly practi
ses. But we are farlrom having reached
the maximum yield. There are occasional
instances of the yield reaching thirty and
thirty-five bushels to the acre. But these
instances are few as compared with those
which indicate returns of > ten, twelve and
fourteen bushels. The same results are
observable iu tbe Western States. The
best wheat-growing regions there are losing
thejr former fertility, and the wheat fields
from whieh the heaviest supplies are drawn
for sale in the Chicago and St. Louis mar
kets are those that haVe been newly opened
to wheat culture. In short, the great
wheat granary of the United Stat- s has
been steadily moving further westward and
tb» cost of transportation to the eastern
markets has increased in proportion to the
distances of tbe fields trout which the wheat
crops are drawn. When farmers take
everything off their land, even to tbe straw,
and put little or nothing back upon it, of
course by constant cropping the laud will
wear out. But the lauds of Englaud and
Germany and France have been under til
lage for a thousand years—we say nothing
of the lands of China—and since science
has been brought to bear on the cultivation
of the soil, the wheat crop in nuttierous in
stances has been brought np to forty-five
bushels to the acre, and the average, ex
cept in had seasons, has rarely fallen below
twenty five. The climate, in Englaud espe
cially, i3 moreover, greatly against the far
mer, whilst with us it is uneiceptionahly
good. It is, therefore, but farr to say that
if we pursue their methods and lime and
fertilize as liberally as they do, that our
crops should be at least equal to theirs.
And, now, what have we to do to bring
about this result ? In the first place we
must pursue a system of cultivation and a
system of manuring, which instead of rob
bing annually the soil of a part of fits! plant
food, should add to it more than lias been
carried off in the Crops. We know by the
analytical tables that have been so frequent
ly given, that the essential constituents of
a good wheat soil are potash, Soda, phos
phate'of lime, carbonate of litre aud silica.
We throw out tho silica, for that is super
abundantly found in almost every*s0«l. We.
have tbea to look principally fur potash,
soda, phosphate of lime aud carbonate of
lime. If these are present in good quanti
ties, and the soil is not too light, the wheat
is bound, to be good in a good season and
under thorough preparatory tillage. It
these are deficient iu quantity, or if any of
them is missing, the crop will be light.
Under such circumstances what is to be
done? One of two meats is to be resorted
to-—first, liming arid moderate manuring
until the land will bring good crops of clover.
This crop turned under, will, in rotting,
give to the soil all the constituents that a
crop of wheat requires, for strange to saj,
the constituents of the ash of clover aud
those ot toe ash ot wheat, tooth stent and
grain, run paralh 1 with each other. Hence,
as everv good farmer knows, clover turned
under is an excellent preparation for •wheat.
But this process would take several years to
accomplish. The quicker method is to sup
ply the saute constituents, either by com
posts made on the farm, or by the use of
commercial fertilizers. The best mixture
of the Utter kind is a combination of solu
ble superphosphate of linie, whieh is better
known by some as bone dust pot ash and
soda—or their equivalent of anleaehed wood
ashes—and a smalf percentage of ammonia.
From two hundred and'fifty to three hun
dred pounds to the acre 'of the above mix
ture would uot only restore to the wheat
| crop the constituents it lacked, but would
1 leave a residue for the. aest crop.—Mury
, , ,, «t
j /, ! farmer.
Om; of the most effective remedies known
t >r " ills u '■■■ s backs or necks is au ap
plication of white lead moistened with milk
> When-milk IS uot at hand, common white
lead paiut vyll answer If applied in tbo
earl^Ages of the injury, the our# is cer
f .
The Christian Sea
1
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Book and Job 1’rintino of every kind done
at our Job Office in the best style and on moder -
ate terms.' '
Plaster and its Uses.
Plaster in The different t ranches of sciei ce
is known by different names. In the art*
it is plaster ; in irinearlpgy it. is gpysum ;
iu chemistry it is sulphate of lime. Sul
phuric acid ha9 an affinity for ammonia,
and flrhcn it finds ammonia it breaks crp
its partnership with t be li rue and combi Of#
! with the ammonia, forming lulpba'e rf
ammonia; and this is non-v. 1 i‘i|o. TI d
I lime fi&Js a cortpacirn, when de erted by J
the acid ,in carbonic acid, forming carbon* ,
ate of lime. « -*
Hence it will be seen that when the far
mer has ammonia in his Foil, put t’n ;c by
himself in manure, or in other manner,
liable to waste, the planter will hi it there,
and in all such cases it can be applied to
'the ground with profit. The odor about •
I 'tables and manure heaps is escaping am
, taenia, and the farmer can judiciously use
i a little piaster iji both places, saving thu
I ammonia for his land.
Plaster saves to the soil nitrogen, oae of
| the chief mineral cler.ents entering iuto the
j growth of plants ; ammonia is three parts
hydrogen and one part nitrog^iK Ammo*
r ia escapes from decaying vegetation
wherever it is found/ anJ is suspended, in
(the air; and when -after a b-ng dry spell
: and considerable quantities of it have as
I cended, the first rain brings it to ihe eai'tg r
’_j :r .1_ ^ li >2 iLj *
and if there is a little plaster to the eio\
i field, the ammonia neVer rises again.
; The very study iuto the uses of plaster
i '•hows that the farmer should be a student a
and in some degree a man of science. He *
must learn that in dofetqfitfg his soil same- w
i thing else than mineral substances may be d
j u2'ctled. He may need organic substance* d
as well, and to know this is the duty of ifoeaa
farmer.—Exchange. v ■ *n*vy
$arj\
Too Much Land.
We know a farmer w,bo ten years ago^
owned one hundred and fifty acres ofy
land; and was doing well; he now owns,
five hundred and is worst: off than before.
Aud why? Because this largo farm is a'
great expense to him ;>he cannot afford to
i keep it up iu good conditiou, and it hangs
i like a millstoue of care about his ueobx
! His wife and his children, both eons and' *
> daughters,are obligtdto work hard to
| the great machine ruaniug. Wo presume *
his boys declarethey will leave home as soon11
, they are. old enough; anl the girls say sc
| they will die before they marry farmers^.,
Neither sons nor daughters are educated as"
I they deserve to be,they can’t be spared from
i work on the big farm New we declare such a'
1 farm is a curse to its possessor and his farm- :
lily; and an injury to the whole argriculttfWjl.' ?
| interest. If that mau wants to save him- 1
' aud his household, he should sell at least'
I oue-half of bis land, improve the remsiouer v
to make it more productive, relieve his'c
| childreo from bondage, aod try to make bis
i home a comfort. He will live longer, lay
! up as good a property, aud will train up
I a more intelligent and happier family,—~ 0
I American Agriculturist.
How to See Under Wafer.
| The Indians of North America do thia'
l by cutting a hole in the ioc and then
! covering or hanging a blanket iu such a
way as to darken or exclude the direct rays’1
of the sun, when they are able to see and'^
discover Ssh at any reasonable depth —.d
Let any one who is. anxious to prove this'
S place himselt uuder’ the blanket and ha
j will he astonished when he beholds with
; what brilliaucy every thingNn the fluid
! world is lighted up, I once had occasion'•
' to examino the bottom of £ mil! poud, for
! which I constructed a float out of iniffT ,
j plank sufficient to buoy mo up ; through,1 ?
the centre ot' this I cut a hole aod placed »’
j blauket over it, when I was enable eleartye.!
to discover objects at the bottom, aud sewr-."
j.eral lost tools were discovered and picked
up. I am satisfied that where is sufficieot
j ly clear this latter plan could he suce'es
fully used for searching for dead bodies''
, and lost articles. I would suggest that’’
this experiment be tried on the sea;- fi>r Eg
am satisfied that with a craft.like the Great'.
Eastern, where an observatory could bei
placed at the bottom with sufficient dark-'
ness, by the aid of classes we could gate*
down ioto tb-a depths of the sea “the same
j as wc cau survey the starry heavens at
’ midnight.—C'ur. Scientijlc Aniericun.
Sharpening Circular Saws
I When circular saws become Hunted,,
i the followi ng is the simplest method of
| sharpening them correctly. Sit the saw
in motion and hold a flat file or rather a
cut against the teeth, uutil they arc equal
I ly level. Then take a point tool or eveu a
II steel peu dipped in ipk. and as the saw re-,
I i volves apply it a little below the depth of
i the teeth, so to make a circle upon the saw
M plate, lirtaove the saw from the spindla
' and pl.ieing two wooden wathers turned for
1 the nurpn.-e;. remount betweeu these,
| which should reach 'Jcithitl half , au inch of
the teeth,and tile the latter carefully to the
. line drawn , or if preferred, lake it wholly
! from the lathe and etui ply screw it up in a
'bench visa (carpenter’s) between two
! hoards of circular or other shape; fora*'
| you baye a guide line, you cauuot get the
saw out of round. #
Circular saws need little setting out of
'he teeth if they are to be used only ou’
hard or perfectly dry staff. They are of-'
ten merely hammered to upset or thicken*
the teeth before flliug as is ihg,usual mettri? -
oil followed on hack saws for metal.'
>