VOL. TWENTY-TWO FARMVILLB, PITT COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA. FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 4, 19S1 " ^ NUMBER SEVENTEEN
FarmviUe High School
to Open September 23
? ?
High School Pupils Re
quested to Register on
September 14
At last comes the authentic an
nouncement from Superintendent R-j
E. Boyd, that the Farmville High}
School will open on Monday, Septem-1
ber 2S. T^jp important announce
ment will no douht be received with!
mingled joy and regret by the chil-j
dren themselves, but with relief by J
patrons, who have been contemplat- j
ing placing their children in school!
elsewhere, fearing an opening set for
an even later date.
Superintendent Boyd is busy get-j
ting everything in readiness for the
occasion of the opening, so that feas- I
ibfe schedules may be put into effect
at once and proper adjustments
made, in order that the whole school
may swing in line and work may be
begun at the first practical moment. I
Members of the facult/ for the I
1981-32 session will include: 1st grade
Miss Annie Perkins, Mrs. Florence
Thorne; 2d grade, Miss Vivian Case,
Mrs. W. D. Carraway; 3d grade, Miss <
Bonnie Bos-well, Black Creek, Miss ,
Margaret Lewis; 4th grade, Missl
Chrystelle Lucas, Benson, Miss Sallie J
Norwood, Stovall; 5th grade, Miss 1
Edna Robinson, Ivanhoe. Miss Ma-!
mie Proctor, Rocky Mount; 6th grade, J <
Miss Pauline Meeder, Baltimore, Md., 1
Miss Janie Davis; 7th grade, Miss |'
Susie Copeland, Burlington, Mrs. L. I'
P. Thomas; High School, R. H. Cason, <
Sandersville, Ga.; S. B. Underwood, 1
Jr., Greenville, Miss Gladys Xilpat- 1
rick, Brevard, Mrs. Plato Monk, Miss J
Katherine Boatwright, TennUle, Ua., 1
Mrs. J. B. Joyner; Music, Mrs. Hay- (
wood Smith.
A total enrollment of 763 made a
record for attendance la3t year as did
the 21 graduates, being the largest
class in the history of the school. A ^
registration of 700 is expected on
opening day, with the usual increase ,
during the weeks before Thanksgiv- ,
ing. ; (
Superintendent Boyd is calling for j
a registration of High School pupils, j
with the exception of the Eighth
grade on September 14, to facHitate (
the opening and avoid.the-usual cob- .
fusion which" delays" the Schedule of j
study and activities for several days ?
as a rule. ~
- - ?
Pupils expecting to enter Ninth I
grade will be received for registration (
at the superintendent's office, Sep- 1
Camber 14, from 9:00 to 1100 a. m.; i
for the Tenth grade, from 11:00 to t
13:30, and Seniors from 2:00 to 3:00
p. m. the same day. ^
R. HI Cason, the popular and effi- I
dent head of school athletics, who ?
has spent part of his vacation this <
summer attending the coaching school
at Carolina, arrived Friday and is I
busy with plans for making the sea- 1
? " ? - i-l _ 1 A. ?J 1.X , X ?_! 1
son m mis one trie oest m me uiawiy -
of the schooL -
Several of the best players of the ?
football and basketball teams will not *
be bade this year, the list including:
Charles Ramiey, Bennett Mewborn, 1
Weodrow Barrett, Billy Morton and
Wm. Bohu, but Mr. Cason smilingly *
assured the reporter that he had nev- *
-r seen better material for teams
than ha has lined up already or finer
prospects for a season in these sports J
than the one ahead. So Farmvilfe 1
has something to look forward to and
fins will no doubt be proud to watch
the teams make their records this
ym*.
As the activities of the young men ?
and young women graduates are
viewed with considerable interest, es
pecially the first year after matricu
lation, we take the liberty of noting
just where the members of the spring
daas will be this fall and winter. It <
was impossible to make a complete i
record, as some of the young peo- 1
pie could noi he reached, and as 1
mum one suggested, we do not know 1
next spring.
Leroy 5ju?, employed by Monk,
Hobgood 4k Webb; Wopdrow Barrett,
nwiwd, scholarship at Duke; Hemby
? Bornette, E. T .C.; Allen Darden,
Caroline; Bennett Mewborn, em
tioycd taperial Tbbocco Co.; BiBy
Morton, OUfiafttia School for Boys,
! Borne, Gjuj Gilbert Whelesa, taking
I thmfcii engineering at State; Oliver
Miss Verona Lee Joyner, E. C. T. C.; .
i Miss Tfcabna Jones, E. C. T. G; Miss
{?; Pernio Keel Lang, H a T. C.; Mies
VkAj* MeGtohon, CaroUna Telephone
I
?*BK XMJWSo m ? ilUWimv WlflJ*
Cotton Control
Nol New Idea
.*Vi, /\??( ?
Georgia Tried Plan as
War Measure 69 Years
Ago; Effect of Plan
Unknown
Atlanta, Ga., Sept. 2.?Reduction of
cotton acreage legislation is not a
new thing in the south.
While Louisiana is the first state
in history to enact a cotton prohibi
tion law, Georgia was the first to
control the acreage by legislation.
The plan was tried in Georgia as
a war time measure, 69 years ago,
during the Civil War. There are no
records to indicate what effect, if
any, the legislation had on the price
of cotton, or if authorities experienc
ed any difficulty with its enforce
ment.
The Georgia legislature,. December
11, 1862, enacted a bill, limiting the
cultivation of cotton to three acres
Der "hand." A hand was defined as
any" person between the ages of 15
and 55 owned or employed by the
planter.
A provision was made, probably
due to scarcity of men on the farms,
hat children between the ages of 12
and 15 years old and persons between
55 and 65 years of age could be class
;d as "half hands," or that two such
persons could take the place of one
land.
Violation of the law was a misde
meanor and the penalty was a fine
>f $500 for each acre planted above
he planter's quota. Every cotton
farmer was required to list with
:ounty officials the number of hands
m his plantation and judges were
required to give the law in all charges
e grand juries.
All fines were divided on a 50-50
lasis between the prosecutor or in
former and the inferior courts of the
rounties wherein the defendants lived
for the benefit of indigent soldiers'
'amilies.
Laws exempting from taxation
apttal and property invested in the
rotton-nndustry have appeared on the
)0ok? of several states including Tex
ts and Georgia.
As early as 1897 the Texas legis
ature adopted a resolution, directing
Governor C. A. Culberson to call a
egislative conference of cotton grow
ng states at Galveston to deal with
he cotton situation.
The resolution claimed the market
vas being fluctuated for gambling
>urposes and that vast wealth which
ihould go to the producers was being
:onfiscated by greed of speculation.
Louisiana set a record for speed in
egislation recently, when Governor
3uey P. Long's plan for no cotton in
.982 was enacted into law.
Today, Governors of South Caroli
la, Georgia and Texas were consider
ng proposals to call their legisla
ures into special session on the sit-i
ration.
The Louisiana law is contingent
lpon the passage of similar laws by
itates producing three fourths of
;he nation's cotton crop.
Ex-U. S. Agent
Sent to Roads
Jas. Riddle Pleads Guil
ty to Forcible Tres
pass; Gets 15 Months
Fayettcville, Sept. 3.?James Rid
ile, who claimed public attention
jome time ago while a Federal pro
libition agent, was today sentenced
to 15 months on the roads by Judge
ilidyette after pleading guilty to for
" ? V JJ .i. i.
laDie trespass under an maicumm ur
jurglary. Other serious charges -were
lodged against him bat not pressed.
Riffle left here about 16 Tears ago
I jnder charges of burglary and horse
liteaSpg, and he later became a pro
hibition agent stationed in Winston
Salem.
It is said that be recently served
a term in Atlanta FederaP Prison for
rinlstfng the prohibition iaw while
lEfciddle *6* ^rtil itodsy1 Leono
bci that ansount to loftYOi
qkx.
| j Four Hundred Orphans Get Hair Cut ? |
I I I !? I ' 1 11 . . .. . 'V" ? ' I " ?" ' I I ? *
Unce a month thirty St Louis barbers go out to JPattonvaie, Mo?
i give the 400 little ones in the home there a haircut* Iree of'charge.
? youngsters enjoy the party, judging by the picture.
Farmers and Business Men
To Meet Here Saturday
Matters of Interest in
Regard to Government
Grading of Tobacco to
Be Discussed and Ex
plained. to All
I
[ Farmers and business men of this
section who may be interested in
learning more about the government
grading of tobacco are urged to at
tend a meeting to be held in the city
hall in Farmville Saturday afternoon
at 3 o'clock.
Mr. E. B. McDowell, of the United
States Department of Agriculture,
and local representatives of the grad
' ing service, including H. W. Taylor,
i M. M. Veasey and J. W. Lovelace
! will be present to help explain in de
tail every phase of this service
which is furnished farmers at a very
small eost
It is a known fact that one load of
tobacco was brought to Farmville
this week from a distance of sixty
five miles in order to have same gov
ernment graded. Now if this service
is helpful to some, why not to many?
The government has selected
Farmville the "key market" of the
Eastern Carolina Tobacco Belt, and
trained representatives have been
placed here to aid the growers in
every possible way in obtaining a
fair and equal price for their to
bacco.
Join others interested in this serv
ice and attend the meeting to be held
in Farmville Saturday afternoon and
become more enlightened about gov
ernment grading.
Texas LxetotiveAskeiLT?
Lead In Cotton Proposal
Texas Governor Rejects
Gardner's Conference;
Proposal; Texan Says
Time Would Be Lost
Raleigh, Sept. 3.?Convinced" that
'no effective action on the cotton sit
uation can be had without the cooper-;
ation of Texas whiph not only raises
one third of the Afft^ican crop, but
raises it cheaply because of the use
of very little fertilizer, Oovernor 0.
Max Gardner yesterday made two ef
forts to obtain that cooperation.
Governor Gardner first proposed to
Governor Ross S. Sterling of Texas,
an inclusive conference at Memphis,
Tenn., September 14 and 15 of Gov
ernors, United States Senators and
agricultural leaders from each cotton
growing state, "not to promote any
one plan" but to consider all plans.
Qovernor Sterling promptly reject
fed the proposal on the ground that
| it would take too much time, and
i Governor Gardner then called upon
| the Texas executive to make a pro
posal of his own.
Governor Gardner's proposal for
the conference was made after a con
ference with United States Senator
Josiah W. Bailey and Dr. (Jlarence
Poe, editor of The Progressive Farm
er, both of whom are on record in op
poition to the Louisiana plan for
abandoning all cotton acreage in 1932
and Governor Sterling, in the ex
change of telegrams, also expressed
?opposition to that plan. Further op
position was expressed yeterday by
B. H. Rogers, farm management spe
cialist at State College.
Governor Gardner's telegram pro
posing a conference follows:
"As Governor of the most eastern
of important cotton growing states, 1
am wiring to ask if yon, as Governor
?of the most western of importan'
states, will join 'me and our United
^States Senators 1n calling a confer
ence of agricntural leaders with Gov
ernors and United States . Senators,
the conference T>eihg called not to
'promote any pl*(h bat to get the con
servative and^tefrefuljudgmentpon
adl plana that may be presented and
??for, if poaaibfe*,a verified program
to the south. The plan would be to
have, each Governor name two able
ihis state together^ with" the commis
sioner ^^STicxiitare, president
dean of agricultural college, preai
m.. i .i ? , . ^ , ? i ??
subjects: First, emergency measure
for 1931 cotton crops; second, con
trol of acreage in 1932; third, agricul
tural marketing act and Federal
Farm Board and international coop
eration on cotton; fourth, a perma
nent program for a better agricul
ture in the cotton belt; fifth, new
uses for cotton and cooperation be
tween producers and manufacturers.
! On second day reports from these (
committees would be presented for
action by whole group. I suggest
meeting in Memphis, September 14
and 15 and ask if you will join me
in this call. I feel that any move
ment will be futile without the lead
ership of your great state. Please
let me know at once if you will coop
erate with other southern governors
in this plan."
Governor ? Sbering's telegram to
Governor Gardner follow^:
"Just in receipt of your telegram.
I would gladly join you in the pro
posed conference were it not for the
fact that the farmers of Texas are
anxious and clamoring for immediate
'action.
"From the nature of the proposed
conference it would'likely be drawn
out for 30 days, and the benefit that '
may be derived from immediate ac
tion lost to this year's cotton crop in
m -
icu?? . ?: . . . ? ? ? ???
"I am convinced that the majority
of farmers in Texas are opposed to
the Louisiana bill which prohibits
the planting of cotton in 1932.
. "I heartily agree with you that
there should be concerted action on
the part of cotton growing states but
feel that it is impossible to bring this
about in time to benefit cotton farm
ers in the greater portion of Texas
this year."
Governor Gardner last night re
plied as follows:
"Telegram received. I agree with
you that the farmers of Texas, and
North Carolina also, demand that
something be done now for relief of
the cotton sifemtton.; 1"
"My proposal contemplated a con
ference of only two days; I have no
partiality for my own suggestion, and
I am anxious to cooperate in any
practical plan to relieve cotton farm
era ftorn their impending bankruptcy
:
"It be a failure, m" course*,
without the leadership audi eoepera
i tion of Texas. Do you havt a prac
' tical proposrf for a workable?;;and
? concerted course to be taken iiow?"
Cotton production rhouid' be our
[ tailed, but\to adopt a "no/%otton
. next year" plan nationally will do
Denounces Powers; May
fie Held Ac &W
cessory to Crime
-
> pi ?. , . ? V? '? > .
?
Clarksburg, W. Va., Sept 2;?Mrs.
Luella Powers, who heretofore' stead
fastly has supported her htoband,
confessed killer of two women and
three children, tamed against him
today after she was . questioned by po
lice.
"I realize now he betrayed me,"
she said. "And I realize what a ter
rible creature he is. I'm through with
him forever. '1 wouldn't have him
out of jail for $100,000,000."
She denied knowing anything
about the matrimonial bureau con
ducted by Harry F. Powers, and the
luring of Mrs. Aste Buick Eicher, her
three children, and Mrs. Dorothy
Lemke to Clarksburg, where he killed
and buried their bodies near his ga
rage.
Police said they were unable to un
derstand how Powers 'could have con
ducted his correspondence with 115
women without betraying himself to
hia wife. They threatened to1 hold
her as an accessory, if it was estab
lished she had knowledge of his
crimes.
Search for the bodies of other pos
sible victims was abandoned today
after deputies reported that frag
ments of skeletons found on what
was believed to have been a second
burial plot were sheep bones. They
were using a detector, a machine
invented by a Clarksburg physician,
which supposedly reacts when placed
near-human bodies. Detectives said
the machine reacted violently when
placed near the burial plot where the
five bodies were found.
Search was continued for a diary
Powers is believed to have kept To
day police made public an address
book which Powers attempted to de
stroy. It' was found in a pile of
partly burned rubbish near the ga
rage. It contained more than a score
of names and addresses.
In a trunk were several snapshots
and postcards bearing women's pic
tures.
County Prosecutor Will E. Morris
and C. A. Duckworth, Clarksburg
police chief, scanned ji masa of in
formation concerning" missing per
sons and the past of Harry F. Pow
ers today while Powers' attorney ap
peared to defend him on charges of
slaying two women and three chil
dren.
The officials said they were receiv
ing mail and telegrams from hun
dreds of persons throughout the
United States who have friends or
relatives missing. They said they
would investigate the cases to deter
mine whether Powers, who corre
sponded with many women through
a matrimonial agency, was responsi
ble for any of the disappearances.
Milk-Giving Mule
9 Days Wonder
From Pint to Quart a Day Extracted
from Pitt County Animal
Greenville, Sept. 2.?Not so many
years ago the automobile came along
and practically monopolized the place
which horses and mules occupied in
transportation, and today there is a
mule in Pitt county attempting to
take the place of the lowly cow.
She is just an ordinary mare mule,
with.long ears, unruly heels, bushy
tail and innocent eyes, but for the
last two years she has astonished the
people of the community by giving
from a pint to a quart of milk daily.
The story of the strange beast was
brought to the city yesterday by- R.
L. Manning, who resides on the H.
C. Sugg farm, or the old Dudley
home place, on the north side of Tar
river, about five miles from Green
ville.
It was Manning who discovered
the unusual development in the phy
a# 1-ka miilo on/1 if" TITOQ
SiCol BU QWtiac Wi wc IMU4V ?UU ????>-?
he who made the tests that has
caused the mule to be classed among
the greatest monstrosities of the re
gion.
Maiming said the mule had been
milked four tim^s a week for two
years, but right recently daily, JUid
always yielded from a pint to a
quart of milk. The animal, he said,
apparently was more proline in the
summer than other seasons of the
year.
Allowed to sit over night, the milk
develops rich yellow cream, he stjat
ed, and it tastes like real cowfh milk.
[The fluid hps never been tested for
butter fat content but a sample will
be presented for analysis at an eairty
Mi -MM ?? ?/ ??
Uke all farm mules the animal has
her idoisyncraries' and is able to kick
i fc
Repremaid For
fir-.. . ?. ? ... ?' ? . ? -
Dry Law Agent
. ,
*
Woodcock Again De
plores Use of Women
in Carrying on En
forcement Work
. ^^^i
Washington, Sept. 3.?A severe ?
reprimand was administered today to
Ralph Dell, youthful dry agent,
whose girl companion was arrested
for intoxication after gathering evi
dence in four Buffalo speakeasies.
Dell was summoned to the capital
by Prohibition Director Amos Wl W.
Woodcock, and was closeted with'him
for nearly two hours. He recited the
details of the arrest of Ruth Calla
han and of the charge now pending
against him in a Buffalo court of con
tributing to the delinquency of a
minor.
"Dell has had as severe a repri
mand as I know how to give," Wood
cock said, immediately afterward.
"There will be no repetition of such
an incident. It did not seem fair to
dismiss a man with a record such as
his under the circumstances." ;
Woodcock said part of the blame
should rest on Djell's superiors' in
Buffalo for allowing such practices,
but added that they had not disobeyed
orders, since none were given direct
y until las* Week.
"In fac,, some measure of blame
should rest with me," he said, "for
not anticipating such a situation and
issuing an order against the use of
women as informers as had been
J ~
uuncr. I ,
"I abhor this whole incident. It is
terrible that anyone should conceive
that this was the way to enforce pro- :
hibition. I did not know such prac- <
tices were being employed." ,
At the same time he announced i
I>ell would stay in the service be- i
cause of his excellent army record |
during the World War, and because
of his record as a dry agent. Wood- ]
cock said another Buffalo agent, Ar- ,
thur Peach, would be dismissed "for i
the good of the service." Peach has j
been suspended *jn ^ . charge : of ;
drunkenness.
A thorough investigation of Dell's -
case, Woodcock said, showed that
Ruth Callahan, sometimes known as j
"Ruth Jackson," came to the Federal |
prohibition offices in Buffalo and of- <
fered "to aid in enforcing the pro- i
hibition law" because her brother had i
. J
"died of alcoholism." i
Dell, he said, did not meet the girl \
until later. ]
"They went to four different places ]
and bought intoxicating liquor, some ?
of which was saved for evidence," he i
said. "Dell reported he did not drink <
any. The girl, however, was reported j
as drinking in the last two places vis
ited." 1
Woodcock said the arrest of the t
girl followed a collision involving 1
Dell's automobile. The agent was t
i. ? ?? - ?A ? J La ?-??-J ?mno fltava A
not iilTCBlCU) I1C Besau, nv/x woo \
any evidence to show that he was in- <
toxicated. The Federal dry chief <
added that the case appeared to offer j
an opportunity to "save a man who <
has infinite possibilities for good."
1
Ban Floggings
Governor Asked i
_ t
State Highway Commis- .
sion Approves Nine ?
Convict Camp Sites ;
? ! i
Raleigh, Sept 3.?The State ]
Highway Commission yesterday fol- ,
lowed the recommendation of Gover- j
nor Gardner and abolished, for the <
time being, at least, the-flogging of j
prisoners at the county convict
camps at now controls. The commis- \
lion adopted the state prison rules ]
on punishment for a period of two j
weeks and appointed a committee to ,
work in cooperation with the welfare \
department in establishing the per- }
manent regulations. 1
Ten new county convict camp sites
were approved by the commission,
bids on two construction projects ac
cepted and 320 miles added to the ?
county road systems now being main
tained by the state. ,
E. B. Jeffress, chairman of the ,
highway commission, said that the
state prisor rules were adopted with
out much ceremony, but he added
that some of the members of the
commission wens reluctant to give.up
the lash- as a means of punishment.
It was pointed out in the meeting
that if solitary1 confinement and a
bread and water punishment for Re
calcitrant ' prisoners, It would mean
the loss of their time not only during
the punishment, but for a day or two
afterwards whfle tiby were building
hack enough strength to work.
. ft was suggested to the commission
that it adopt Mussolini's plan of pun
ishment with large Closes pf castoi
o&j the pxbpoae^Spjting that if. It!
;>?; v . ? ??? ?? . . ? '?
: .?aLai* aaf /-.tvZ.i&MS'V- - : ?rV .
worked on wops it would work on
bootleggers, thieves and vagrantB.
The commission appointed Chair
man'Jeffress, S. D. Scott, highway
prison supervisor, Charles Rosa, com
mission attorney and George Ross
Pou as a committee to act with Mrs.
W. T. Boet, welfare commissioner, in
formulating a " penrianent'. punish
ment policy.
;^Vvv } '? ?. :
. jt \
The Fdrmville Market
Offerings Still light As
Fourth S&le Day Be
gins; Lower Grades of
Little Value
Offerings on the Farmville market
were light on the opening, Tuesday,
only 250,000 pounds being sold, where
as this market has had twice this
amount and even block sales on previ
ous opening. The trend of prices is
being watched very closely by plant
ers, which together with the hope of
improvement, probably accounts for
their failure to bring a large quantity
of the weed to market for the formal
opening.
Primings, which are mixed with
other grades in manufacturing smok
ing tobacco, sold lower thari ever be-'
fore in the history of the market, the
price ranging from lc to 5c. As had
been predicted there was much of thia
low quality weed this year in Georgia
and South Carolina, which with the
disastrous conditions in China and the
East, have tended to bring prices
down below the cost of grading and
selling, and the farmers are heeding
the advice of tobacconists to keep
these poor grades at home and use
them for fertilizer.
Indications on the market this
week are that only the best grades
of tobaccos, w*hich are used for cig
arette stocks, will bring anything like
a satisfactory price, and these are
selling at present from $8.00 to
$38.00.
All renresentatives of the foreign
and domestic companies were doing
some bidding. The Imperial was
buying, paying a fair price for the
better grades for their European
trade. Reynolds, Lorrilard, Liggett
and Myers, and the American were
buying for select cigarette types, the
Export was bidding on the lower
grades for the East where present
conditions almost make retail sales of
any commodity impossible. The A.
C. Monk Co., and C. B. Cheatham
Company werei buying their usual
grades.
The Federal-State grader was at
band to degrade according to stan
dards set by the United States gov
ernment, for those desiring this serv
ice, and many of the farmers took
advantage of this service. A report
from this service will be found else
where in this issue.
Thousands of farmers from a dis
tance joined those nearby in swelling
the crowd to a number impossible ?.i'
jstimation Tuesday. The streets,
warehouses and stores were filled
with men, women and children, all of
whom were keenly discussing or lis
;eniD,2 to conversation relative to the
prices of their main money crop. This
ias been a year filled with so many
strange rumors, uncertainties, and
norbid predictions, until it is a won
ier that people will even listen to
'urther discussions.
But through the whole fabric of
learsays, there has been one scarlet
;hread of hope; that prices on this
jelt would be improved and that bet
er times would come somehow. And
:hey still cling to that hope in spite
)f disappointing sales on opening
iay, the anticipation of higher prices
d re vailing as the better grades are
jffered, acting as a buoying force.
The average of $7.55 was not much
ower on opening 3ale than the year
iiinf ntst the difference lying in the
fact, quite evident to everybody who
vent on the warehouse floors, that
;he quality, even of the lugs and
primings was 50 per cent better than
;hat of last season.
This market averaged on opening
is high as most of the markets in the
oelt and higher than some, and ob
servers, who had been on other aales
luring the day said that sales were
more brisk, and prices even better
lere than on others visited. The
warehousemen here are standing be
lind the farmer and striving to get
jvery dollar value possible from his
product for him.
Heavier sales are expected within
the nept. few weeks with the possi
bility that a noticeable increase in
price will be made, though present in
iications would encourage the belief
that soaring prices will not be ob
jerved until the superior grades are
brought on. ' \
NO RIDE \ s
Haddonfield, N. J., Sept 2.?Police
today said they arrested two young
women who engaged in a fist fight
on a street corner last night to de
cide which would take an automobile
ride with a man with whom both had
a date. They said the man, whose
name was not learned, fled in his car
while the fight was in progress.
The women, after being repri
manded by police, were returned to
their homes.
1 ? '
? : ? " ? ' l _