North Carolina Newspapers

?OLh TWENTY-SIX FABMYILLE, PITT COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA, FRIDAY, JANUARY 8,19*7 NUMBER THIRTY-SIX - '? ' ? ?* ? : '" ' ' " ? -??? -- -f " ? , Chief Executive Calls High Court To Respect Demand For Liberalism In Congressional Mes sage President Admon ishes Judiciary to Keep Pace With Times ?! At President's Request Congress Promptly Put Embargo Upon Arms to Strife-Torn Spain. - Washington, Jan. 6.?Speaking to the 75th Congress, but obviously aim ing his words at the Supreme Court, President Roosevelt today demanded a "liberal" interpretation of the Con stitution as opposed to a "narrow" one. With the rebel yells of his Demo cratic hosts resounding in the packed House chamber, the President, who had been re-elected overwhelmingly since the Supreme Court struck down his NRA and other laws, spoke this pointed sentence: "The process of our democracy must not be imperilled by the denial of essential powers of free govern ment." There is no vital need to amend the Constitution, he argued, but there is need of an "enlightened view" of ft. He appealed to the courts to permit "legitimately implied" powers of gov ernment to be made "effective instru ments for the common good." The justices of the high court, who are soon to rule on constitutionality of other New Deal acts, did not hear his words. They were in their priv ate dining room eating lunch at the time, and because of their traditional silence, there was no way of telling how they felt " ' V-1 rV, T,OTSOCC .Dei ore wm uuukj wi _ww, gathered in joint session to receive his annual message, the Chief Execu tive reiterated his faith in NRA'S broad objectives, conceded that it had attempted too much; and then, giving each word a sharp staccato emphasis, asserted: The statute of NRA has been out lawed. The problems have not. They are still with us." At the same time, the Chief Execu tive called for "an addition to the ex isting neutrality act to cover specific points raised by the unfortunate civil strife in Spain." Congress respond ed with a rush, but too late to halt a ship which had steamed out of New York with a cargo of airplanes for the Spanish Loyalists. The Senate promptly and unani mously adopted a resolution clapping ? a hard and fast embargo on ship ments of war materials to Spain. Af ter some delay, the House did like wise. But the ship had sailed. The President, delivering his ad dress in an even tone at an almost hurried tempo, paused for deliberate emphasis whenever he reached a ref erence to the question of the effect of recent court interpretations on ad ministration objectives. "With a better understanding of our purposes and a more intelligent recognition of our needs as a nation, it is not to be assumed there will be prolonged failure to bring legislative and judicial action into closer har mony," he said. "Means must be found to adopt our legal forms and our judicial in terpretation to the actual present na tional needs of the largest progress ive democracy in the modern world." And again asserting that the legis lative and executive branches were bending themselves to the task of "making democracy succeed," he pointedly added: "The judicial branch also is asked by the-people to do its part in making democracy successful." - ? - - ? ?* ? m r* u Otherwise, the umei iuxecuuve called for a "comprehensive over hauling of the government's adminis trative departments, and cited as pressing problems "the menace of slum areas," the "prevalence of an un-American type of tenant farming," the "intelligent development of our social security system" and "ade quate relief for the needy unemploy ed who are capable of performing useful work Comments afterward showed the speech was received by Capitol Hill with somewhat mixed emotions, with most Democrats warm in their praise and Republicans on the whole regis tering only half-hearted approval or dissent. Some few members'of his own party disagreed with the Presi dent's remarks on the courts. POSTAL RECEIPTS CONTINUE TO INCREASE Postmaster B, O. Turnage reports a continued increase in ppstal receipts at the local pod office, the sum total for the fiscal year ending December 81, 1988, amounting to $12401.19. This amount is said te be a consid erable increase over that reported hi previous years. More persons are taught by the WFA than Ml the coBsges. Potash Controls Rust and Increases Yields _____ Side applications of $3 worth of muriate of potash and nitrate of soda to the acre increased the value of sqyen Bertie County farmers' cot ton crop by an average of $22.92 per acre. The applications were made this year in cotton rust control demonstra tions conducted under the supervision of B. E. Grant, county farm agent of the State College Extension Service. In the demonstrations, each farm er set aside four plats where the soil was as near uniform as possible. Each was fertilized with the- customary mixture containing nitrogen, phos phoric acid and potash. As a check plat, one field on each farm was cultivated without any oth er fertilization. The average yield of the check plats was 995 pounds of seed cotton to the acre. On plat No. 2,100 pounds of nitrate of soda were applied as a side dress ing, and the average yield was 1,145 pounds to the acre. An equal amount of muriate of pot as was applied as a side dressing on plat No. 3, and the average yield was 1,107 pounds. Plat No. 4 received 190 pounds of nitrate of soda and 100 pounds of muriate of potash in side dressings. The average yield was 1,628 pounds per acre. In all plats where muriate of pot ash was used, the cotton was protect ed from rust, Grant stated, the bolls were better opened, more fluffy, and the staple was of higher quality. _ The muriate of potash cost $1.60 and the notrate of soda cost $1.40 per acre. The increased yield of 573 pounds of seed cotton, where both used at four cents a pound, or $22.92. / ? ?I WALSTONBURG NEWS PERSONALS Mr. H. R. Phillips has returned, after a few days visit in Raleigh. Miss Peary Craft, of Wilson, is vis iting her mother, Mrs. Georgia Craft. Jimmie Gardner spent the week end in Bell Arthur, a guest of Gilbert Davis, Jr. We are glad to note that Mrs. W. I. Shackleford has recovered from a recent illness. Mrs. Estelle Bailey and children spent the week-end with relatives in the Lizzie section. Friends will be glad to know that Mr. W. U. Reddick is out, after an illness of some time. Friends of Mr. A. J. Craft will be glad to learn that he is able to be out, after a recent illness. On New Year's evening Miss Vir ginia Lang was hostess to a number of friends at an informal dinner. Mrs. D. D. Fields entertained her Sunday School class with a most en joyable party Wednesday evening. Mrs. W. H. Jones entertained at a miscellaneous shower Friday evening, honoring Mrs. Rufus Jenkins, a re cent bride. . Miss Mildred Peele, Misses Ruth and Clara Jenkins, Mr.' W. U. Mix and Mr. N. C. Moore spent the holi days in Florida. Mrs. Ada Bass and daughter, Eliz abeth, have returned to their home near Wilson, after a visit with Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Shirley. Misses Ernestine and Christine Gardner and Madge Jordan, of Sara toga, spent the week-end in the home of Mr. and Mrs. A. R. Gay. Mrs. K. C. Mann, Mrs. J. C. Gard ner, Miss Lillian Corbett, Miss Hazel McKeel and Miss Dorothy Gardner visited friends in Wilson Thursday. Mr. Ray West, Jr., has recently opened a Parol Service station here. He is fully equipped and ready to wel come the public, assuring them good service. 1 Misses Eppye, Ruth and Lexine and Stephen Craft, of the Middlesex Or phanage, have returned, after spend ing the holidays with their mother, Mrs. Georgia Craft. Miss Edwina Bureh has returned to Roper, Miss Gloise Burch to Cole rain and Miss Dorothy Smith to Foun tain to resume thein studies as teach ers, after spending the holidays at home. Among our young people returning to college after spending the Christ mas holidays at their homes here are: Miss Mamie Shirley, to. King's Busi ness College, Raleigh; Miss Virginia Dan to Collowhee Teachers' CoHege, CuBowhee, N. C.; Bob Lang, James Albert Roddick and Henry Brak/to Wake Forest ? i ? i * ' The short coarse for tobacco grow ers will be held at State College, Jan I uary 18 to 22 and hundreds are ex DvCvtsQ vO gVVffllUi - v ? I a'": \ .??-ai*' '-a.' i--' ? . - Farmers Endorse Tobacco Measure State Compact Bill Is Approved By Seawell; Other Farm Laws Pro posed Raleigh, Jan. 6.?A tobacco crop control compact bill approved by Fed eral AAA authorities, representatives of the tobacco-growing states and the Attorney General of North Carolina was endorsed for enactment in the General Assembly by the directors of the State Farm Bureau Federation, representing 60 counties, in session here yesterday. Farm Bureau leaders, meeting on ! the eve of the Assembly session, for i mutated plans to enlist representatives of every farming county of the State in support of the measure. Local campaigns will be organized to pro mote the program. Expecting Governor-elect Clyde R. Hoey to speak at length on farm problems in his inaugural message, in view of his campaign pledge, to aid agriculture, farm leaders were hoping that their bill might be sent to the Assembly under administration spon sorship. Attorney General A. A. Eeawell has declared that the proposed meas ure, to be supported by Federal legis lation providing for crop control com pacts between states, is workable and that it can be defended in the courts, Farm Bureau officials were informed. To handle the bill in the General Assembly, leaders of the Farm Bu reau, State Grange and Cotton Grow ers Cooperative Association all were advocating the election of a farmer, Representative W. W. Eagles, of Edgecombe, as House agriculture chairman. Besides endorsing the compact bill, the Federation directors yesterday passed resolutions advocating: An appropriation for a peanut test farm and peanut demonstration work. | More adequate legislation to protect truck growers. Approval of the requested budget for State College extension service. And study of the State seed law with a view to writing a new law to assure pure seed for the State, which is alleged to be a "dumping ground" for adulterated seed from other states which have strict seed laws. E. F. Arnold, secretary of the Farm Bureau Federation, pointed out, in* connection with the resolutions, thatj peanuts are the only major crop for which North Carolina has not estab lished a test farm. Through its national organization, the Federation last ypar raised peanut prices one cent per pouhd and added 12,000,000 in one stroke to the State's farm income, he asserted. Funds Granted For limestone Allocation Made to De velop McDowell Quar ry and Lower Price of Product Raleigh, Jan. 7.?One of the last official acts of Governor Ehringhaus yesterday was to authorize the ex penditure of $100,000 in highway funds to increase the production of lime from a State-owned quarry in McDowell County?a project encour aged by the Governor since the first week of his administration. In a memorandum to Caups M. ! Waynick, chairman of the State High way and Public Works Commission, the Governor said the lime was to be used primarily by the farmers of the State. "My information is that this lime is now being sold in small quantities to the farmers Of McDowell at 80 cents per ton at the plant," the Gov ernor said. "With the proper devel opment, however, we should be able to deliver at 50 cents a ton. With proper adjustment .of freight rates, which should be easily obtained with the assistance of the Utilities Com mission, agricultural lime can be made available to the farmers of North Carolina at a price which should at least double the use of lime in North Carolina. itt ? "Even under present conditions the farmers of Piedmont and Western North Carolina should be able to se cure this lime at $2.50 a ton, as com pared with present cost at $6 to $8 a ton,* Governor Ehringhaus said "With proper adjustment in freight rates, it would seem possible to put thU'lime in the hands of farmers at approximately vl.50 a ton." The Governor .pointed out that he hfcd .-sponsored and advocated in the 1988- GeneraJ. ? Assembly, "over tfie steadfast and vigorous opposition of the representatives of the Hme trust," an amendment allowing the Highway Commission to acquire limestone sraar'ln Surry and McDowell conn ties, * vV5- ??- ?<*' *.'v. ~ . v,-" "N . N"/' ? .? -Vr'/" V'j>- ?' . ?? ? ? ? ? ? ?"?'*?? 'I ; '"""?"? IHIIIII .??.!?.? BUSINESS CALLS THEM PEACE PARLEY ENDS WHAT WAS APPROVED ? THE NAVY HANDICAP TOKYO WOULD DISCUSS ABOUT REORGANIZATIONS HISTORY AND OBSTACLES NEUTRALITY THREATS BUDGET MESSAGE MUST MEET PROBLEM WATCH COURT GROUNDLESS? By Hugo Sims, Washington Correspondent (tee of the problems of the Govern ment is the comparatively low sal aries paid efficient officials in com parison with the sums they could get in the ranks of the business world. During the depression this was not so noticeable but, with the advent of im proved conditions, it is observed that a number of able young men are leav ing the Government service and some even go so far as to predict that the exodus has just begun. Of course many men have accepted appointment to Government positions solely because of the prestige attach ed and the belief that after a few years in key positions, they would be able to command larger salaries from private employers. The question of pay is not the only cause for these defections. Very often some of them become disgruntled because of polit ical interference or because political figureheads in superior positions, block further promotions. The Inter-American Conference for the Preservation of Peace concluded its labors at Buenos Aires last month by signing two treaties, seven conven tions and one protocol and by approv ing 56 resolutions and recommenda tions and one declaration. Secretary of State Cordell Hull termed the re sults "significant advances toward the establishment of peace for this hemi sphere." However, the agreements were said to be less specific than the United States had hoped for when President Roosevelt addressed the op ening conference on December 2nd. They represented a compromise be tween sixteen nations, members of the League of Nations, and five which were not. In his final message to the dele gates, read while he was suffering from a serious cold, the American Secretary of State cited these points which had been unanimously agreed upon: (1) mobilization of public opinion to solve controversies and de fend the peace of the continent; (2) coordination of existing peace ma chinery and future consultation to make it effective; (3, agreement on a common attitude toward an attack from abroad; (4) an equality of com mercial treatment - and lowering of trade barriers; and (5) a program for mutual cultural and intellectual ex changes. Last week in this column we called attention to the naval construction underway and the spurt expected up on the conclusion of the Washington Naval treaty. In 1922, when the nav al armament race was temporarily halted, there were five great sea pow ers, including Great Britain, the Unit ed States, Japan, France and Italy. Today two others must be added, Ger many and Russia, whose rearmament is somewhat responsible for the lapse of building truce. On a basis of the best available fig ures, the naval powers are rated on a basis of aircraft built, building or ap propriated for, as follows: Ships Tonnage Great Britain 384 1,545,478 United States 405 1,429,740 Japan 233 882472 France 219 793,086 Italy 237 521,045 Germany 97 323,748 Russia -105 204,762 It should be noted that the table above does not include ships which are merely "planned," of which there are quite a number. The figures giv en for the Russian fleet are only in telligent guess-work because little is known about thle Soviet Nazi except that its main slrength is believed to consist of submarines based at Vlad ivostok. Anoth<r factor to be taken into consideration is the age of the ships. For example, the German ton nage, while small, is largely new con struction and the Nasi navy is prob ably the most modern of all fleets. Again, while the United States has six aircraft carriers to Great Britain's nine, our ships are more efficient and modern and are considered clearly su perior to the British carriers. Gen erally speaking, the American navy is considered to be on a par with the fleet of the British Empire, its only close rival. . Another interesting report is the (Continued On Page Two) | Report of Pitt. Co. Heal Office . - . ? " R e v i e w s Accomplish ments of the Past Year and Outlines Some Ob jectives At the annual meeting of the Pitt County Board of Health, held in Greenville, on Monday of this week, the following report was submitted by the County Health Officer, Or.- N. Thomas Ennett: > "I am pleased to submit herewith a brief survey of the work of the Pitt County Health Department for the past year. This report, among other things, deals with contagious dis ease statistics, refers to the outstand ing accomplishments of the depart ment for the year 1936 and mentipns certain major objectives for the year 1937. "Beginning January 1st, 1986, an additional white nurse was furnished the department through Social Se curity funds, giving the department a six-piece unit. This amount of per sonnel was maintained throughout the year, except the sanitary inspector resigned as of August 15th, and, for various reasons, we have been unable to fill his place. In speaking of the personnel, it would probably be in order for me to report that in Decem ber our secretary, Miss Burselle, was married and became Mrs. Wilson Davis. ' "Beginning August 15, tne (Jity 01 Greenville and the State Health De partment jointly employed a sanitary inspector for the City of Greenville and placed him under the direction of the Pitt County Health Officer. "In comparing contagious disease statistics of 1935 with 1936, we find the following: "Diphtheria, 1935, 27 cases; 1936, 90 cases. Measles, in 1935 181 cases; 1936, 1 case. Typhoid Fever, 1935, 26 cases; 1936, 23 cases. Tuberculosis, 1935, 39 cases; 1936, 76 cases. In fantile Paralysis, 1935,14 cases; 1936, two cases. "You will note that there was a great increase in the number of diph theria and tuberculosis cases for 1936 as compared with 1935, and while there was some reduction in the num ber of typhoid cases, it was not a material reduction?26 cases for '35 against 23 for '36. As regards the other . two contagious diseases men tioned, measles and infantile paraly sis, we do not know the cause of eith er and hence can do little to control them; however, when it comes to the matter of diphtheria, typhoid and tu berculosis, we not only know the causes of these diseases but also the essential measures necessary to con trol them. Still our statistics show (Continued On Page Two) Roosevelt Highlights Washington, Jan. 6.?Some excerpts from President Roosevelt's message to Congress today: Your task and mine is not ending with the end of the depression. The statute of NRA has been out lawed. The problems have not. Sober second thought confirms most of us in the belief that the broad objectives of the National Recovery Act were sound. The fital need is not an alteration of our fundamental law, but an in creasingly enlightened view with ref erence to it The judicial branch is asked by the people to do its part in making dem ocracy successful. The process of our democracy must nqt be imperiled by the denial of es sential powers of free government Experience with actuality makes it clear that Federal laws supplementing state laws are needed to help solve the problems which result from mod ern invention applied to an industrial ized nation which conducts its busi ness with scant regard to state lines. Overproduction, underproduction and speculation are three evil sisters who djstill the troubles of unsound inflation' and disastrous deflation. The masses of the people of all the Americas are convinced that the dem ocratic form of government can be made to succeed and and do not wish to substitute for it any other form of government In oligarchies, militarism has leapt forward, while in those nations which have retained democracy, militarism has waned. ' The inter-American conference, op erating on these fundamental prin ciples of democracy, did much to as sure peace in this hemisphere. I shall shortly address the Con gress more fully in regard to modern izing and improving the executive branch of the government Many millions of Americans still live in habitations which not only fail to provide the physical benefits of modern riviHcation but breed dis ease and impair the health offuture .. ? ..-f * ?: . generations. Many thousands of tenant farmers ?indeed most of them?with some financial assistance and with some ad vice and training, can be made self supporting on land which can even tually belong to them. t Another national problem is the in telligent development of oar social security system, the broadening of the sendees it renders and practical improvement to its operation. ' ; h '.K'-.-v..\ y..v,.. :';r HON. CLYDE R. HOEY 55th Governor of State Britain and Frnnca Drawn Together As Perial Leems ? Alarmed Over Move ment of Troops Into Spain, and Naval War fare Threat. London, Jan. 7.?The Spanish civil war?particularly its German and Italian intervention aspects?appear ed today to be drawing Great Britain and Frence into closer military and diplomatic bonds than have held them since World War days. The visit to Paris of War Secretary A. Duff-Cooper to confer with French Minister Edouard Daladier is expect ed to inaugurate intimate cooperation between the general staffs of the two countries. Both find their interests in the Mediterranean menaced by Germany and Italy, although Britain has signed a peace pact with the lat ter to keep the peace. Both eager for a rigid pact of non intervention to confine Spain's war to Spain, have become alarmed over the constant stream of "volunteers" and war materials pouring into the peninsula from the two Fascist coun tries. Britain went so far yesterday as to address a note to Italy expressing grave alarm over the continued dis patch of Italian soldiers to Spain. The foreign office also inquired pointedly to both Rome and Berlin when an ans wer might be expected to the Anglo French suggestion that the European powers keep their fighters at home. The quarrel between Spain and Germany over seizure of their re spective ships is alarming Europe. Germany's ultimatum to Spain to re turn the cargo of the Palos and its Spanish passenger before 8 A. M., Friday, has alarmed foreign offices throughout Europe. . The Reich has threatened that if the ultimatum is not complied with, it will take "further measures"? which means seizore of other Span ish ships. Valencia, in turn, has in dicated that it will ignore Berlin's warning and combat force with force. Hence, there appears to be a good prospect of an ? unofficial naval war between the two countries which might involve other powers. Spain laid its case beore the League of Nations yesterday, claiming that its seizure of the Palos was only the exercise of legal police rights while Germany's counter seizure of two Spanish vessels was a violation of in ternational law. As Valencia did not ask ^he League to take any action, its note was construed by diplomats as merely a gesture to justify itself in world public opinion if it becomes in volved in a naval war with the Reich. ATTEND INAUGURATION OF GOVERNOR HOEY Farmville citizens were well repre sented in Raleigh Thursday, at the inaugural ceremonies of Clyde R. Hoey, as governor. Representative John Hill Paylor was already in the capital city, the bi-ennial session of the General As sembly having convened at noon Wed nesday. A number of other prominent Dem ocrats went up for the day, Thursday, and report the inauguration as a col orful and enjoyable event. Hoey Will Take Office As Governor of State In Auditorium Ceremony ? ? Popular Shelby Attor ney Inducted Into Of fice With Accompani ment of Military Dis play ? General Assem bly Awaits His Recom mendations?First Ap pointments Are An nounced* Raleigh, Jan. 7.?Clyde R. Hoey, at torney of Shelby, will become Govern or of North Carolina and Governor J. C. B. Ehringhaus will become an at torney of Raleigh at inauguration ceremonies here today, in the 101st year of the election of Governors by ? the people of the State. ? , Final honors will be paid the re tiring Governor this morning when troops massed in military display salute him at Executive Mansion. Three hours later, guns at Memorial Auditorium will be booming a salute to another Governor. Capital citizens and tibe thousands of visitors thronging1 into Raleigh last night will be given two oppor tunities today to review the military array?once when the troops march from the Mansion down Fayetteville Street to the Auditorium shortly be fore noon and again when they re turn past the reviewing stand in front of the Gilmer Building, after the ex ercises, to begin at noon, "I'm looking for more folks than we will be able to take care of," said Chief of Police H. L. Pierce, of Ral eigh, last night. Ready for his inauguration, the Governor-elect left an unpretentious office and a profitable practice in Shelby yesterday and came to Raleigh to remain four years in the thick walled, native stone Capitol and roco co mansion on Blount street. The retiring Governor gave his farewell message to State department heads and employes and prepared to resume the practice of law he left four years ago in Elizabeth City and to move today into a rented residence on Fairview Road. Awaiting Governor Ehringhaus as he retires today, is a reported offer of appointment as special assistant to the United States Attorney General to -prosecute the government's oil price conspiracy case against 26 oil companies and 60 individuals in Wis consin. On that report from Wash ington, the Governor had no com ment. Awaiting Governor-elect Hoey to day is a General Assembly, ready to receive his rc-commendations on an impressive list of major State prob lems and apparently willing to do his bidding as expressed in his inaugur al address today, and in his budget message next week. How completely the new first Fam ily will eclipse the old one after noon today is indicated by the custom which forbids the retiring Governor and Mrs. Ehringhaus to attend the public reception in the Mansion to night and the Junior League Ball m the auditorium. Objects of attention then, will be Governor and Mrs. Hoey, Miss Isa bel Hoey, who will remain with them in Raleigh, and other members of their family. All of them arrived hee yesterday, preceded and followed < by hundreds < of their Cleveland County neighbors, who will have re served seats in the auditorium. F.C.A. Announces ? Meeting Dates Columbia, S. C., Jail. 2.?The call lias gone out to nearly 50,000 farmers in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia and Florida to attend the an nual meetings of their production credit accociations in January and the first week in February, according to Ernest Graham, president of the Pro duction Credit Corporation of Colum bia. Last year over- 25,000 farmers braved snow, sleet, almost impassable roads and icy winds to attend these neetings, and with a better break in the weather this year offtdsls of the associations predict a very greatly in creased attendance this year. At the annual Wetings of the asso ciations complete reports? on , last /ear's operations will be made, Mr. Graham said, directors elected and plana for this year's operations made, v All of the associations had a most ex cellent year" last year, he said, and - closed the year with their books in splendid shape. AH of them exjwct an enlarged volume of business this year, he declared, as each year more farm ers become acquainted with the short term credit service which the associa tion offer. The date of the annual meeting of the association for Pitt and Greene counties will be held in Greenville, House committee holds Townaead iwbi?Imi elan is "unsound."