Washington
Farm News
FARMERS' BUSINESS.
SURPLUSES MENACE.
OUR FARM PLANT.
4-H CLUB WORK.
r J .
(Huso S. Sims, Washington Corres
pondent)
The farmers of the United States
ought to be able to study the methods
of successful manufacturers and in
dustrialists and apply these principles
to agriculture.
It is well known that manufactur
ers do not hesitate to shut down their
industrial plants in order to avoid
overproduction. These broad-headed
business men do 110 worry over t^ie
unemployment that their actions pro
duce.
Farmers in the United States, who
produced wheat, corn and cotton, our
great export products, are now facing
a critical period. The prospects are
almost certain that huge surpluses
will be on the market this year. De
mands, already weak, will be entirely
insufficient to absorb the production.
Consequently prices will drop and the
farmer will be seriously injured.
In fact, farmers may as well un
derstand that unless the nation suc
ceeds in its attempt to prevent huge
surpluses of farm products, there is
extreme danger of a repetition of a
deflation in agricultural values that
had much to do with the economic
collapse of the United States in 1932.
There are experts who now believe
that the fast decline in the price level
in basic farm commodities in 1937. was
the major factor in producing the
present depressed business condition.
In 1937, economists of the Depart
ment of Agriculture estimated that
the Unied Sates had a farm plant of
about 365,000,000 acres. This was
about sixty million acres more than
necessary to produce food, feed and
fiber for domestic consumption. The
products of the sixty million excess
acres, available for export, was about
one-fourth more than was necessary
to serve the foreign demands.
With fifteen to twenty million
acres of farm land under plow in
excess of current demand conditions,
the problem of agriculture was to
discover methods that would take this
land out of cultivation. This was
necessary in order to prevent the
surplus production from driving prices
down on the entire crop
It is now apparent, that by the end
of this year, vhere will be large sur
pluses of wheat, corn and cotton. Al
ready prices of these farm products
reflect the possibility that the world
will have crops far in excess of pros
pective needs. Consequently, it is
certain that the farmers of the United
States will face the necessity of con
trolling their production or of accept
ing ruinously low prices. Govern
mental bounties and payments can
hardly be high enough to give grow
ers the income that they would re
ceive if the production is kept within
reasonable bounds.
Nearly two hundred youngsters
will attend the twelfth consecutive
National 4-H Club Encampment, to
be held in West Potomac Park in
Washington, June 16-22. Two boys
and two girls from each State, mem
bers of 4-H clubs, will represent ap
proximately 1,192,000 rural boys and
girls now engaged in club. work.
. __r..
aentatives of tfo vari^i^&atesv^ll
hear outstanding speakers in the field
of agriculture and home-making, in-1
clwiinc the. Secretary o|f. Agriculture,
U Henry A. ^Wallace. They will have]
I the opportunity to visit governmental
I and historic shrines. I
. I
Readers of this, clumn should not
I overlook the fine work being done by I
the 4-H club organizations through-1
out the United States. Boys and girls I
in agricultural, sections are developed
I in farming, home-making and leader* I
I ship. They will undoubtedly becomes
I better citizena because of the club I
I work that they do.
The only criticism that the writer!
can think of in connection with the
I '4 encampment in Washington, is the j
I ^
m or near the Cfe&M- City to take!
care of boyfe|^ in clubs
The Robin Hood Barn-Vocational Training Cen tre ^ I
Tfa<? bi, tern, c&id to to the "f
nmth Carolina,] km . Ike packing hove lor tha I
W* Acra. .paafc*- reach Farm. at rtqahant J
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Robin H*o4 F*nn?, U teach boyi tannine.
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Vocational Training
To Be Given Yfittths
Robin Hood Farms, a 2,200 acre
tract in North Carolina's Sandhills,
will be opend soon to provide voca
tional training for farm boys unable
to attend college.
Located six miles west of Pine
hurst, the farm is now being made
ready for the early occupancy of this
group of young future farmers.
The novel idea was developed by
Thomas L. Vaughan, former citixen
of Winston-Salem, tobacconist, busi
ness man, and farm operator, who,
with several associates, procured s
North Carolina charter for a non
profit corporation to carry on these!
activities.
Col. J. W. Harrelson, administrative
dean at State College, was high in
praise of this effort to provide vo
cational training for farm young
sters unable to secure a college edu
cation.
?- - ? . ? ? *u _ __
There will be no charge ior unuon
or living expenses, each student pay
ing for his training and sustenance
through the production of markeable
products. ?'-*
Being educational in scope and with
a provision in its set-up which pro
hibits payments of dividends, the cor
poration is exempt from taxation. All
earnings and accruals will go into fur
ther expansion of the service.
Interested citizens have made ini
tial payment on the well-adapted
tract, and others have indicated wil
lingness to raise funds necessary to
put the property into shape for early
operations.
Dean I. 0. Schaub, director of ex
tension at State College, said, "We
are fortunate that such a training
center for our farm boys, has been
established, and the Extension Ser
vice is highly interested in the pro
ject."
THE ANSWERS! ?
1. 1906.
2. For June, the city has appro
priated |4,704,Q00 of its funds.
3. Tentative plans are prepared
to remove almost half of the city's
population.
4. Kept 8 prisoner in .a.palace for
three months, he was removed last'
week to an unknown place.
5. A "subsistence homestead" pro
ject, costing $2,500,000, and occupied
by 165 families. 3
6 September 3, 1925.
7." The "pen name" of C. H. Smith.
8. Union of Soviet Socialist Re
publics. ?
9. About 92,000,000 miles.
10. Only to wheat growers:, in
1939.
* -
STATE COLLEGE
ANSWERS TIMELY
FARM QUESTIONS
,-v Question: .When is the beat time to
csponize cockerels tor the early mar
ket?
Answer: As.it usually stakes troiji
eight to eleven months to proper^
develop and iinish, a capon, the bM
should be csponixed from wd^jpf
until AufuaL P*
time also takes late-batched PQpkgMfe
off the market when broiler pane
are low. Birds from one and one-oajf
to two pounds in weight may be tqjep.
Only vigorous cockerels should be
used for this purpose and it is , not
economical to. caponize Leghorns or I
thv smaller breeds. f ;? ?]
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Question: How many trees should
be left to the acre in a tim
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(Sago S. Sims, Washington Corres
pondent.)
THE NATIONAL LABOR RELA
TIONS BOARD; JTSWORK, HIS
TORY AND LEGAL FUNCTIONS
In view of the widespread discus
sion of the National Labor Relations
Act, which is constantly assailed by
I industrialists who clamor for its mod
ification, it might be well to review
the Act itself, the work of the Na
tional Labor Relations Board and
some of the history connected with
both.
It should be clearly understood, in
the beginning, that the National La
bor Relations Act, signed by the Pres
ident on July 5, 1936, gave legal rec
ognition to certain specified rights
of laborers and prohibited employers
from doing certain acts, considered
unfair to labor.
For Employes Only.,
The Act affirmed the right of em
ployes to full freedom in self-organi
zations, and in the designation of
representatives of their own choosing
for the purpose of collective bargain
ing It forbids employers from dis
missing employes because of union
membership or engaging in union ac
tivities,-from supporting company
unions finaneially, or aiding in their
organization; from" refusing to bar
gain with any labor organization
chosen by the majority of employes
through their free choice and from
bargaining with any other group than
the one .chosen by the majority of em
ployes as representatives of the work
ers.
In brief, the Act recognized the
right of laborers' to organize and bar
gain collectively and set up the Na
tional Labor Relations Board to pro
tect laborers in the full exercise of
their rights. This . Board is charged
with enforcement of the Act. It re
ceives complaints, holds hearings and
issues cease and desist orders. In
the event that employers fail to com
ply with the Orders, they are referred
to the Federal Circut Court of Ap
peals for review and enforcement, if
upheld.
Tot Protect labor.
i The NL&B is an independent agen
cy. Its prime purpose being to see
4$at laborers are protected in the ex
excise of the rights given by the Act
itself. This Act, it should be clearly
understood, -was enacted solely for
the protection of laborers. Conse
quently, the board investigates issues,
facts, practiced and activities of em
players or am^^p.ia^afec, contro
versies, sees that employes have the
righto sblf-oJ^pniia.tion, to form,
join or assist 4abof digsnizations, to
"*fc
seHtatives or tncir own cnoosin^, snu
venting any person from engaging
in any unfair labor'practice affect ng
commerce.
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Courts UpkoH Law.
The act was upheld by the United
States Supreme Court on April 12,
l?Wj in . five, cases appealed from
lower.courts. In six additional cafes,
the Court failed to announce fny
opinion adverse to the Labor Bojtrd
or holding invalid any sinjie protfs
ion of the tan.' In its opinion, the
Court upheld th* Act as a valid ?x
ercise of the commerce power [ of
Congress* said that it did not violate
the'due process clause'W
gtitutioxu and declared that the pro
^a^?ihi^^L
f -Su^uentiy, ^ Court ha# that
against employers, that in partieu
.1 Ijl^iLL ? ' m
I _ _ _ ? a. m S " ,?
lates the Act.
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Court Worries Board.
Because the Board is a quasi-judi
cial agency, it has been involved in
the recent discussion of the relation
ship between the Court and such gov
ernmental agencies. Edwin S. Smith,
one of the three ^members of the
Board, recently criticized the tenden
cy of some Circuit Courts to give lit
tle or no effect to the finding of facts
made by the Board, although the Act
expressly says, if such findings are
supported by evidence, they shall be
final.
Admitting that the interpretation
of the Act, the appropriateness of the
Board's ruling, and its jurisdiction,
were intended to be reviewed by the
courts, Mr Smith said Congress did
not intend to delegate to the' courts
the task of weighing the evidence the
Board had heard and of coming to an
independent conclusion as to whether
the Board has correctly appraised it.
He points olt that "Labor's ex
perience with the courts has, gener
ally speaking, not been a happy one."
There has been, he says, many at
tempts by Labor to correct, by legis
lation, the lack of comprehension
shown the social problems of em
ployeer-employe by certain courts,
which have been slow to "adapt their
points of .view to the reorganization
of the human rights of Labor in an
evolving dynamic and democratic so
ciety."
Handled 15,000 Cases.
Chairman J. Warren Madden, in a
recent address, made his first ex
tended answer to -those attacking the
Board. Reviewing its work, he points
out that some 15,000 cases have been
solved, most of them since the Sii
preme Court decision.
In some thousands of cases, he
says, the charges have been dismissed
or withdrawn after the Board's agents
had investigated the allegation and
found them to be without merit.
In other thousands of cases, em
ployers and employes have adjusted
their difficulties on the basis of com
pliance with the law.
Conducts Elections.
In some 1,200 cases the Board's
agents have conducted elections to
permit employes to select their rep
resentatives for collective bargain
ing. In seventy-five per cent of these
elections, he reports,established trade
unions were selected, but in others
the employes either selected a new
and unaffiliated union or. voted their
desire to have no union.
V
? In some hundreds of cases, he con
Itinued, preliminary investigation
seemed to establish the merits of com
I plaints and the Board, unable to ob
Itain compliance without formal pro
?ceadingjs, held public hearings in the
?community - Where the controversy
arose. These* have exposed unfair
practices, ranging from minor viola
Itions of the statute to the teiToriza
Ition of entire communities in complete
I In hundreds of other cases, the I
?Board haa issued formal decisions,!
stating the facts and setting forth!
?conclusions as to wbat should be done I
?to bring the situation in, complianceI
?with law. Mat*Madden admits that!
?great eredit "must be given to those!
?employers who have lead the way to I
?the acceptance", of the new law. At!
?the same time, he sayB, the opposi
tion, having failed to prevent passage I
of the law, has transferred itself to I
the courts in 9x1 effort to nullify the!
?4 Thin concludes,' as briefly as pojM$|
ble, our explanation of the Act and! I
the fanctiena'tfdtthe Board together)' I
with a history of what has happened I
itself was pasbed to project certain!:
rights of Labor and the Board, nn-jl
of .riototiojdWol^f, A*t I
tin bmric Act should be modified, in >
, * 'a.'. sV-tL- Wh _ _ k - SLt_' 'i'.i'.
OTflfts ' thA nAftfn mav tlilffl 1
nizance of complaints of employers, ;l
|% 1. . Traill. f Uaw) nmmL fl I
p*
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Na?lemency for Empie
Baldwin; Reprieve Is
Granted Ben Sims.
- Raleigh, Jane 9. ? Governor Hoey
yesterday said he would not intervene
in the execution of Empie {Ebbie)
Baldwin, 25 year old Negro scheduled
to die in the gas chamber Friday
morning for the rape of Miss Kath
leen Polly In Columbus County last
January.
At the same time, a 30-day re
prieve was granted Ben Sims, Guil
ford County Negro who was senten
ced last September to die for the
murder of Toy Shell, another Negro.
This stay automatically sets execu
tion date for Sims on July 29, un
less further; study of the case brings
commutation or further clemency.
Paroles Commissioner Edwin Gill
said that no extenuating circumsta
nces could be found concerning the
crime for which Baldwin was convict
ed and that an investigation of the
case did not provide any new evidence
or matter on which .to lift the death
sentence. The execution of Baldwin
Friday will be the first time the death
chamber has been in use since April
29 when two Negroes died for rape.
Lice, Mites Cut Into
Poultryman's Profits
?
Lice, red mites, and tropical mites
lower the vitality of laying birds and
decrease egg production in poultry
flocks, warns C. P. Parrish, extension
poultry specialist at State College.
When lice, are found on the bodies
of the birds, the parasites may be
eradicated by dusting with sodium
fluoride. Pinches of dust should be
applied to the vent fluff, on the back
near the oil glands under each wing,
and on the neck.
Or the birds may be dipped in
slightly warm water to which has
been added an ounce of sodium flu
oride for each gallon of* water. Or
nicotine sulphate may be applied to
the perch poles.
Red mites stay in the poultry house.
At night they crawl up on the birds
and suck blood. To eradicate mites,
treat the perch poles and pole sup
ports with used motor oil to which
has been added one-third or more
kerosene. Gas tar or creosote may
be used in place of the motor oil and
kerosene mixture.
Tropical mites remain on the birds'
bodies as lice do, and they may be
eradicated by treating the perch poles
with nicotine sulphate, with the ap
plications being repeated every three
or four days.
Or the birds may be dipped in a
slightly warm solution made up of
two ounces of flowers of sulphur,
and one ounce of loundry soap to each
gallon of water. Ruffle the feathers
so the solution will reach all parts
of the birds' skin.
A mixture of One part mercurial
ointment and two parts vaseline may
be used also. Apply a lump about the
size of a garden pea to the skin be
low the vent and another lump to the
base of the tail near the oil gland.
: I
l*^ell Prepared Hay Is I
I Higher In Feed Value
I Thick-stemmed hay cut at the]
I wrong time, improperly cured, and
I Filled with weeds has comparatively
I little feed value. ? j
I A good hay should be leafy, small-1
I stemmed, free from weeds, and have I
Is good green color, said John A.II
l&ney, extension dairy, specialist at II
I Estate College. II
Many farmers make the mistake]
I if waiting too late to cut their hay.
Irhe result is that the plants have
I thick stems with much erode fiber and
a smaller proportion of leavfes,
I Bapid curing is desirable. Cut on
ly in dry weather, rake the hay into I
?windrows and let it cure before 11
Bplacing it in the barn. If the win- fl
drows are turned over about three]
hours before the hay is to be hauledJl
to the bam, the curing process will
be speeded up. J
Over euiring damages the hay. And
lif under-cured h*y la stored in the]
bam, it will generate enough heat]
to fade out the green color, lower the]
vitamin content, and become moldy.
Green hay has been known to set
barns on fire through spontaneous]
combugjpon. ,? 'A%;, oil
When soybean and cowpea hay Is [
being cured in the fall, Arey pointaw*
out, it is advisable to cure it in small
stacks placed on tripods, The stacks
should, not contam-flmw, 800 > I
pounds of cued- hsy^^'] I
The beat time to 'cut alfalfa is
when the ?rop is from 140 to 1-4 in ?
Mown; lespedesa when the fMp is
about 1-2 In bloom; soybeans whea !
the seed lust begins to form the ;
pods; cowpeaa when the first pods be
Sip to yellow; small grains when in <
!>loom or the early milk stagk?| j ^ I
and orchard should be ^ut in the early ?
bloom stage, because the - protein i
?*1li(JikTUMnah lamh 1 I'
[Fordm^AtNewYoAVoria'sFairJ
IglHe theme", of- the Ford: Motor
X Company's exhibit building at
the New York World's Fair in 1*39
will be prophetic of the advances
America may expect in transpgrta
tion in coming decades, according to
an announcement by Edael Ford,
president of the company.
Based upon an exposition of the
institutional character of the Ford
company and the fundamental pol
! ides which have directed its growth
j daring the past 35 years, the fair
exhibit will reach its climax in "The
i'Read gC Tomorrow," an elevated
highway mom, than half a mile long,
; -rising upon a aeries of spiral ramps,
> traversing the borders of a patio
I and finally circling the main band
ing on a deep setback at the top of
the walls.
The exhibit. In four rather die*
tlnct parte, will include an entrance
rotunda facing the main west gate,
; a spacious Manufacturing Hall,
: a patio, with pools, playing foun
tains and large rest areas, and the
| elevated road. From the west side
* t
of the patio, eteps wffl rise to a -
broad messanlne. There Ford V-fl
and Lincoln-Zephyr can will load
passengers for' the rid* orer The
Road of TomorrOw." i
li From .the loading platform the
can* will pass io the sohth, enter the
spiral ramps, climbing to the upper
level and following the elevated
highway as It passes over the met
zanine, west along the south wall
of Manufacturing Hall, through a
tunnel llne? with phoiomurals;
thence circling the top of the build
ing, through a. glass tunnel high in
the Rotunda; down the ramp to th*.
second level, around the patio and:
back to the starting point.
At night flood lighting will fall
upon the cars as they circle the
highway high on the walls of Manu
facturing Hall, plavlng moving sha
dows on the building walls, in full
sight of the whole fairgrounds. The
building will occnpy the highest lo
cation on the grounds. It will be
decorated in white, red and blue
and will be floodlighted at night.
NOTICE OF SPECIAL BOND
ELECTION AND NEW
REGISTRATION
FarmviUe School District of Pitt
County $45,000 School Bonds
A special election will be held be
tween the hours of 7:00 A. M. and
7:00 P. M., Eastern Standard Time,
July 5, 1938, at which there will be
submitted to the qualified voters of
[the Farmville School District of Pitt
| County, which comprises the territory
I hereinafter described, the question of
issuing not exceeding*$45,000 bonds
of said school district for the purpose
of erecting and equipping a new
school building and purchasing a site
therefor and altering and equipping
gristing school buildings in mid school
district
The boundry lines of the* FarmviHe
School District are as follows:
Beginning at the Greene County
line at the junction^, *>f Winterville
Township and the Greene Colnty line
at the junction of Little Contentnea
Creek and Middle Swamp; from
thence a northerly course along Con
! tentnea Creek and Old Woman's
Branch to the junction of the Falk
land and Beaver Dam Township line
to the junction of the Fountain and
Falkland district lines; from thence
southeast with Fountain District line
to Toddy's Station; thence West with
the Public road to the Greene County
line; thence South with the Greene
County line to the plank road; thence
southeast along Greene County line
to Contentnea Creek and the begin
ning.
If said bonds shall be issued, a tax
will be levied on all taxable property
within the Farmvi lie School District
sufficient or the payment of the prin
cipal and interest of such bonds.
A new registration has been ordered
and no one will be permitted to vote
unless registered anew. The books for
such new registration will remain
open from 9:00 A. M. until sunset on
each day, except Sundays and holi
days, beginning June 11, 1988 and
closing Saturday night, June 25,1938.
On each Saturday during said regis
tration period said books shall remain
open at the polling place.
The polling place and the names of
the election officers, subject to change
as provided by law, are as follows:
Polling, Pitt Furniture Co.; Rqrfs
trar, Curtis Flanagan; Judges, R. A.
Fields and Joe Moye.
' By order of the Board of Commis
sioners for the County of Pitt ,
J. C. GASKINS, Clerk. 4
May 27,' June 10-17.
| ADMINISTRATOR'S NOTICE
? Having qualified as administrator
of the estate of Mrs. Annie It Joy-,
ner, deceased, late of the county of
Pitt, North Carolina, this is to notify
all persons having daims against the
estate of the said deceased to exhibit
them to the undersigned, at his office,
in Farmville, North Carolina, on or
before the 5th day of May, 1939, or
this notice will be pleaded in bar of
their recovery.
All persons indebted to said estate
will please make immediate payment.
This the 4th day of May, 1988:
R. T. MARTIN, Administrator
of Mrs. Annie M. Joyner,
6-wks-c. Deceased.
Health-Wrecking Functional
PAINS
Severe functional pains of
mwntfiMttlftii, mmpliiy gpelll
and Jangled nerves soon rob a
woman of her natural, youth
ful freshness. PAIN lines In
:a woman's face too often grow ?
into AGS lines!
Thousands of women have
found it helpful to take Car
dui. They say It seemed to -
ease Ahelr pains and they no
ticed an increase in their ap
petites and finally a strength
ened resistance to the dis
comfort of monthly periods.
Try CardoL Of course if It doeant
help yon. see your doctor. ,
I i it III ^11"*??I II II I u ?! I I?????????
? A gifted mind is one -tjiat easily
discovers plausible excuses.
IliM
?pMHmigp
wammsa,
PAD 8
MHTAL WORK OP ALL KINDS J
NEWORREPAIR I
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