mmmiiimmommmmiomm
?; Patronize Oar Advertisers, Per ;
Tkey Are Constantly Inviting ?
:! Tea To Trade With Then.
"""
VOLUME TWENTT-NINE FARMVIU* HIT COUNTY, NOBTHCABOLINA, FRIDAY, 3EPTKltBjSK R, ?. NUMBER SIXTEEN
: i i ?? i i l- -! i- 1 ' "i i, ? _ . ?.*?.:.<W - ? .? ?
Sudeten German Peace
Rejection Increases Fears
<
London indicates That I
Adolf Hitler Is Prepar
ing to Force Show
down.
London, Aug. 30. ? Great Britain j
tonight feared that the Sudeten Ger
man minority's decision to reject the!
Czechoslovakia!! governments newest
offer of concessions was taken with
the full backing of Germany and in
dicated that Fuehrer Adolf Hitler
wa^ prepared to force an immediate
showdown, with arms if necessary.
There was grave apprehension that
unless the British neutral mediator
at- Prague, Viscount Runciman, can
persuade the Suditen Nazis to re
verse their decision, the explosion!
which all Europe fears will lead to I
a general war may he at hand.
If the rejection of the Prague gov
ernment's offer by Sudeten Leader!
Konrad Henlein is final, it was said,!
the British ambassador to Berlin will
serve warning of Britain's readiness
to "fight to the finish."
This plan of procedure was decided
upon at today's two and one-half J
hour emergency cabinet meeting held!
simultaneously and in close harmony!
with a French cabinet meeting in I
Paris. J
The British ministers deciaeo
unanimously ? before word reached
London of the fresh deadlock at
Prague?to give more time for con- j
ciliation to Czechoslovakia- ? <
Will Go Limit. ?
Then,-it was agreed, if no solution
develops the British ambassador to 1
Berlin, Sir Neville Henderson, would
tell Hitler personally that Britain J
will "go the limit" with her armed
strength if France becomes involved
in war as result of a German invasion '
of Czechoslovakia. . - '
France already has served warn
ing that she will abide by her mili
tary promises to Hie Czechs.
The cabinet's instructions to Hen
derson, ^ hira the wording of
which wiU JfejMtty^weyance pend
ing deveiagjM^sfe Prague, were
described as cSpdhiag the sharpest
language Britain has used toward
Germany since the famous ultima
tum of 1914.
Because of its-firm tone, Britain 1
and France are hesitant to use it ex- '
cept as a last resort. Ambassador !
Hendsseon will return to Berlin to- 1
morrow to await London's word as '
to whether the warning is to be de
livered. T ]
Developments ^
V. ^li aeries of ominous developments 1
,r*j^wtflhutcd to Europe's "war jitters"
during the day, included:
V 1?Apparently well-founded reports ,
in London and Paris that Premier
Benito Mussolini of Italy has inform- ,
ed Henlein that Italy will refuse to ;
fight in support of the sudeten Ger- <
man automony demands, regardless ,
of what Hitler dees.
2?An apparently bold diplomatic
offensive in whi^h Britain and
France will seek aa anti-Nazi front
among European nations for the ,
eventuality of war. {
S?Prime Minister Neville Cham
berlain's conference with United
States Ambassador Joseph P. Ken
nedy, shortly after the cabinet meet
ing, in which Chamberlain was un
derstood to have asked about the st
titude of the. United States "in va
rious contingencies," probably refer
4?Demands of the^Sdetei^ie?
? mans for loeal self-government based
? on the borne rule which Britain gave
I eral^ feeling ^ in" Berlin that the criaia
? BvX* flBEKt- COflURIttHM9? * jfafijfxXc
rrt flh " a
^ J ^ ; ? I
?. s? ' "> ' - ? ? in ?San?if-' ? ? <-lVv. ? %?_ I ?
? I ??? - I
Low Weed Price
Arouses Bureau
Farnr Organization to
Hold Mass Meetings
Saturday In Six Coun
ties.
The North Carolina Farm Bureau
Federation last night called mass
meetings of farmers in eight tobac
co-growing counties in an effort to
determine the cause of the current
"slump" in tobacco prices and to
consider possible means of boosting
averages.
Farmers were called to meet at
2:30 o'clock Saturday afternoon, Sep
tember 3, at the following county
courthouses: Wilson, with A. D. Wil
liams in charge; Nashville, with W.
F. Woodruff; Tarboro, with W. W.
Eagles; Snow Hill, with A. C. Ed
wards; Warrenton, with W. E. Tur
ner; Kenansville, with L. P. Wells;
Kinston, with Dr. J. Y. Joyner, and
Greenville, with Haywood Dail, Jr.
Farm Bureau members and other
agricultural leaders will direct dis
cnooinro nn thp rause of low TOICCS
and seek a remedy. Secretary E. F.
Arnold of the State Bureau said an
effort would be made to discredit
current propaganda that the crop
control program is responsible and
co gain iarmers' assurance that the
control program will be continued
beyond this year to insure a "parity"
price.
The mass meetings were called fol
lowing a meeting in Wilson yester
day of the Bureau's State executive
committee, headed by President J. E.
Winslow of Greenville.
"We find that prices have slumped
from two to five cents a pound since
Lhe Border Belt opened, and the- -
trend is downward," Secretary Ar
nold said after the meeting. "We
had no indication that the trend
would continue downward, but we
hope to bring it upward."
The State executive committee of <
the bureau, at its meeting yesterday,
ilso heard two delegates from the
Association of American Railroads. |
Dr. C. S. Duncan and Etyner Knut
son of Washington asked the sup
port of North Carolina farmers in an
iffort to establish a national policy
that will enable railroads to remain
private enterprises and to operate
profitably without dependency on
government aid.
\ '
Cotton Bagging
The Agricultural Adjustment Ad
ministration has accepted a contract
for the manufacture of one million
"patterns" of cotton bagging tj> be
used as a covering for cotton. * *
ENGINES GO TO CHILE
"
Philadelphia. ? The first export
shipment of locomotives, assisted by
the Export-Import Bank, recently left
for Chile, where they will be used on
the State Railway.
! .
I Attend School
? ?
? The County Schools opened Thurs
?day, September 1st The State; lass
?requires all children between Jhifagse
?of seven and fourteen to attend the
school in their community for the
?period of time that the school in Us
community is in session. The parents
?or guardians of such children are re
lin school. Faihpe yOn> the part of
laW, #b? convicted in. Court for vio
tttion of "the school Jaw, may he
fitted $26.00 for ***** offense or
thirty days on the county roads. I
I Tie beginning of school is the 11
.f... N1M
V , ? , | ? ? I
u768 vttii uO? I wlct WUvU ' CvVWDJ I
Roosevelt, Hill!
Watching Europe
??
Make No Comment, but
View Crisis as Grave;
Neutrality Speculation
? ? v
Washington, Aug. 30. ? President
Roosevelt and Secretary of State
Cordell Hull discussed the critical
European situation today, but neither
| would comment although each was
represented as gravely concerned for
the future,
Hull conferred with his closest ad
visers on European affairs early this
morning and went to the White
House shortly after Mr. Roosevelt
returned from Hyde Park. They
were closeted together for half an
hour and it was indicated the secre
tary presented the chief executive
with latest reports from European
capitals.. "
Hull made no effort to conceal his
own concern over the possibility of
a general war, and the president, at
his press conference, declined to dis
cuss the crisis, indicating the suject
is too serious for open discussion.
War Speculation.
Meantime, veteran diplomats spec
ulated over the United States' course
in event Great Britain and Germany
go to war over the German Csech
Sudeten impasse. If war were form
? " * ? 1 ix J .1*.. f
any aectarea k wouia aevoive upon
Mr. Roosevelt to invoke the neu
trality act against both nations. He
could avoid this only by holding ar
bitrarily that no "state of war" ex
ists. It is agreed,'however, that that
would hardily be consistent with the
purpose of the act?namely, to iso
late the United States against in
volvement in foreign conflicts.
Even if the act were invoked, it
was pointed out, the British Empire
would not suffer to any appreciable
extent since it would have access to |
vast supplies in Canada, which, as
a contiguous territory, might be ex
empted from certain embargo pro-;
visions. Moreover, it was declared, J
American sympathies probably would
lie with Britain and Mr. Roosevelt j
could utilize provisions of the act '
directly beneficial to the empire.
The act requires automatic embar
goes on exports of arms and muni
tions and it authorizes the "Presi
dent to invoke "cash ami carry" pro
visions whereby raw materials and
other basic commodities of war must'
be paid for in cash and transported
on vessels owned by the powers at!
war.
Since England dominates the sea
lanes, it would be comparatively easy
for her to convoy supply ships across
the Atlantic. She would, however,
be required to make cash payments
because the act outlaws loans to bel
ligerents.
Nevertheless, her advantages in
obtaining munitions and airplanes'
from United States -branch factories
in Canada would be markedly salu
tary. Because of these theoretical
advantages, some crtics of the act
have called it a "British alliance",
which could be extended to France!
easily if she aligned with Britain
against the Rome-Berlin axis.
Neither the White House nor the
State Department has ever admitted
any working arrangement with Great j
Britain, although' there have\ been;
frequent instances of parallel action,
chiefly in the Sino-Japanese conflict
in China.
; WHOKNtfPPl
1.1. How many~Americ*n ?
live on less than tlfiOO a year?
2. How do armament expenditures
compare with 1913, the yair before
the Worid
3. When.does the v new wage and
hoar -1**; go inteeffect?
pi How many fHrrmmita are there
m thtf United States*-^- ^#8
5. Who is the president of the
i How maeh taxes are paid by
the raibMde of' thi nation f
*. What are the four largest items
on the grocery bill of the American
g 8. Has pump-priming been cgntin
Sewn Handled Here
Judge Dink James Is
Speaker of Occasion;
Mayor Extends Wel
come; Remarks From
.Board and J. T, Thorne
The first semester of the 1938-39
term of the Farmville graded school
began Thursday morning at 8:30
ofclock, with many parents and
Mends in attendance on the formal
opening ceremonies, held in Perkins
Hall. Superintendent J* H. Moore
expressed appreciation for the spirit
of pride manifested in the local school
throughout the community, and for
the cooperation of the teachers, pu
pits and patrons alike, in all mat
ters pertaining to the development
and progress of the Institution,
Rev. D. A. Clarke, pastor of the
Methodist Church, made the opening
prayer and. Rev. C. B. Mashburn,
Christian minister,' read the Scrip- '
ture lesson and held a short medita
tion. '
Mayor George W. Davis extended ,* '
cordial welcome from the town to '
the new teachers as well as to for
mer members of the faculty, 1
Judge Dink James, of Greenville, :
speaker of the occasion, impressed J
his audience with the presentation of (
his subject of "Preparedness" as
having to do with an educated mind.
J. W. Holmes, chairman of the 1
school board was present and made 1
a brief talk, and Dr. P.- E. Jones and <
J. I. Morgan, board members, were '
introduced and spoke informally. {
John T. Thorne was presented as 1
| a member of the Pitt County Board
j of Education and spoke in optomistic i
terms of the outlook for development i
(along educational lines in the Farm- i
ville and county schools. > i
Noting the progress made by the <
school in 1937, Superintendent Moore <
| announced thej building program for
, the new year, which includes an Ag- <
! ricultural and Manual Arts Building i
and Gymnasium, as a separate unit 1
and a new heating system for the
present building, at a cost of $8O,00Q. ]
Construction will begin September !
20. I
Other objectives were outlined by t
the Superintendent, all of which will
tend to make the 1938-39 term the <
greatest educational year in the i
school history,
Miss Margaret Hester, of Rox- ,
boro, and Miss Sara Nichols, of
Morehead City, new teachers of the f
second and fifth grades respectively, j
were on hand for the opening,' ]
? A full list of the faculty members |
with the exception of the two above }
named teachers was published in- a (
recent issue of this paper. ' "
I Rail MeMs I
i'
? '? IJ
I Mediation Board's attempt to settle L
? the wage dispute between the na- t
I tion'g major railroads and their 929,-1J
000 employes ended today in failure! j
I terming a reduction inevitable" an-11
nounced immediately a lb per cent L
IpayoMt would be put into effect on 1
I In a ,quick counter-move, George jl
I road Labor Executives' Association J'
disclosed the presidents of 18 broth-j j
? erhoods had dedded to take ?.*tri|rfl
? vote among their members at once. I,
?'.William M. Leiserson, chairman of i
it had ogutusted its efforts
I minate the controversy, pointed ^'jl
Ition board can^stfll prevent inte^p-j,
I prw>nt \tr mnbiftl iurrrnmrnt I
Welfare Board Would
Raise Public Assist
ance Fund to $050,000
a Yea*.
? : ?
Raleigh, Aug. 31; ? The State
Board of Charitierf and Public Wel
fare Will ask the 1939 General As
sembly to increase the public assis
tance program from $6,600,000 to $6,
960,000 a year for aged needy and
dpendeht children in North Carolina,
it was revealed here yesterday. '
The increase would make avail
able $5,000,000 annually for old age
assistance and $1,960,000 for indigent
children.
Meeting to approve its biennial
report, the board agreed to seek an
increase of $260,000 above the $1,
000,000 annual State appropriation
of 1937-39 for old'hge assistance and
a $150,000 increase in the State grant
for indigent children,
Supplemented by Federal and coun?
ty funds, the increase for the pub
lic assistance program would total
$1,460,000 a year above the present
outlay, which is $4,000,000 for aged
needy and $1,600,000 for dependent 1
children. -I
Mrs, W, T. Boat, commissioner of
* ? ? ? if -- ?? ? j ii
cnanties ana puouc weuare, muu uie
increases would be sought because .
persons eligible for public assistance 4
sxceed estimates providedc for the
1937 Legislature. \
The 25,090 quota of aged needy |
has risen to 31,000^and the board.
sxpects a "logical "Increase" to'85,- r
300. While the Legislature adopted ;
a program for 22,000 indigent chil- 3
iren, 22,500 now receive aid and
25,000 are eligible.
The proposed increases, Mrs. Bost
jaid, would provide an average ^
monthly-grant of $12.20 to the 35,000 :
aged needy and 4 would increase
monthly grants to dependent chil- 1
iren from $5.86 to $6.78, along with ]
the increase in number.
"We want the aid to dependent <
children grant to 'be larger and to i
lake "care of more children," Mrs. I
Bost said. 1
Miss Lavina Keys of Washington, 1
D. <2., regional representative of the ?
Social Security Board, visited Ra- 1
eigh while, the board was in ses- <
don.
"Greatest difficulty facing North '
Carolina's public assistance program 1
;oqay," she said, "is the smallness J
>f grants now given to aged needy 1
ind -dependent children." '
Anticipating the necessity of coun- '
;ies raising more money to match
ncreaaed State appropriations,:. Mrs.
Bost said the board also hoped to
ncrease the equalization fund from *
vhich poorer counties will be able (
:o augment natural financial defi- 1
dencies. '
w ???{if ? V ?i:-," > :
Tohmo ^
Tin, _ '-~^\ l' * '-?.-t : L. _'* ? t' - A ? ? ' _ ?
i Flue-cured production . 1 n cre&s ed i
decreased 26 per cent, cigar leaf iiH 'I
ireaseo ^1.5 per cent, ana tarce - And
s"11 iitiu ii?? n? i ,r_
? 7
:-T^, ?vvi:'77
New Heavy Gas
Still bweitHl
'? ??;? 'J.'' ?
. tW v fl" Av'r.,'
Device Can Make Three
Quarts of Rare Heavy
Nitrogen in One Day.
.?? \
New York, Aug. 80. ? A new still
that manufactures three quarts a
day of the rarest gas in the world,
heavy nitrogen, was announced to
day by Columbia University.
Heavy nitrogen is made of rare
molecules found in the common ni
trogen that forms 80per cent of'the..
air. The ordinary nitrogen has one
rare molecule to every 262 common
ones. The "heavies" have an atomic
weight of 15, the usual ones 14.
The' difference, though small, is
of great importance to chemists. The
first-use is to attach these rate mole
cules to food. There they replace or
dinary nitrogen. They permeate the
living tissues the same as the com
mon nitrogen, and because of their
greater weight, their course through
the body can be traced.
Biologists are using this method
to find oat where nutrients go after
digestion,.and How long they stay in
the body.
Whether commercial uses exiBt for J;
the rare gas is not known, because i
up to now there has not been enough
available for such experiments. Co
lumbia's new apphratus can make j
in two weeks enough to supply the
world'for several months at past <
rates of experiment.
In BnuUl quantities the rare gas ]
has been salable for barely two '
years. It - was first separated by 1
Dhr^ Harold C. Urejr, of Columbia,
under whose direction the new still 1
has been perfected. I
Dr. Urey received the Nobel prize 1
?>f $40,000 in chemistry for discover
ing heavy nitrogen, commonly called 1
heavy water. This discovery opened >
the eyes of the scientific world to
the fact, previously thought impos
sible, of separating the light-weight
atoms from the heavies in all the '
chemical elements. {
Scientists have discovered at least 1
300 of these atomic twins, which they j
named isotopes. These are mot con- 1
fined to cases, but range through all
he elpdepts, including the metals.
3ome chemicals, like phosphorus, *
have several isotopes. ?
The chemical reactions of these '
'twins" are different. As a result !
Dr. Drey's work promisee to give *
he world more than 100 chemical
jleraents' instead of the 92 to which 1
nan was ."previously supposed to be 4
limited. 4
But progress, ir separating the isa-. J
lopes is very slow. In addition to 1
nydrogen and nitrogen, Dr. Urey has i
separated quite minute quantities of
leavy carbon and heavy sulfur. The !
expense is high. The chemicals to <
make three ^quarts of heavy nitrogen '
?8t $20. The still cost $1,500. v *
' .|J
*1 upon 'paym?!t^? coats. ** I,'
, tn '11 n lL?\A\nfr I]
'MIHR. ?*} ^U1 rxwacu^, prvcium^i J'
;ence buspcndcd udou D&vm6nt of 1
josts and upon condition that the jie- j i
9he wis staying at the Joynei' home [ >
764,702 Pounds Increase
In Sales Shown In Re
port of Saks Super
visor.
Farmvi lie's total sales through
Wednesday showed a figure of 1,857,
866 pounds had been sold at an aver
age of $22.14. The first week's sals
of last year totaled 1,098,164 pounds
at an average of $22,12. Thus, with
& lead of 764,702 pounds for corres
ponding dates of this season and last.
Psrravllle is selling at a. higher aver
age than in 1937.
Although there is some dissatis
faction among growers because of
the general price slump, all patrons
of the Farmvilie market are confi
dent that their tobacco brought the
highest market price here.
The above figures clearly show
that Farihville, means to break her
own record this year if possible.
From the start, this market has
nearly doubled its poundage and es
tablished a higher average than that
of last year. Every indication points
to there being no change in the
leadership of tobacco markets in
Eastern Carolina this season; Farm
ville will again come out on top.
Smiles of satisfaction are many on
the floors of'warehouses in Farm
ville. If the tobacco did not bring
as much as expected, the grower sel
ling on this steady and reputable -
market knows that he received as
much, if not more, here than he
would have on any other market.
An increase in poundage of nearly
o quarter-miHion pounds for the first
week's sale, and with a short crop to
deal with, should be proof that Farm
ville is not only determined to break
its record, but its satisfied custo
mers have increased greatly in num
!>er.
For the beet in service, satisfac
tion, and higher prices you can not
jeat Farmville, the leading tobacco
market in Eastern Carolina.
r . , i'-V\ ; ? ?- '
Floyd Explains How
To Transfer Quotas:
?- . ?
Growers who buy; additional tobac- ,
:o marketing cards from other farm
;rs are urged to' get the transfer
made through county farm agents or
AAA field represenatives stationed
in the warehouses.
When this is done, the agents and
field men wfll make official records
>f the transfers that will be used next r
year in calculating' larger quotas for
producers who have heavy yields
this year, explained E. Y. Floyd, AAA
executive officer at State College.
A number of growers over the
State have produced good yields this -
season, he. .continued, and their pro
duction exceeds the poundage on their
marketing cards: But Other growers
vith Short crops won't use up the
Jull amount of their cards. '
All g?-owers with excess leaf to
sell should be Aide- to get all the ad
ditional easds they need, Floyd j?m
nented, for the State quota- ih large
snough to cover all the weed that
Far Heel growers vdll have to mar
ket this year. -v
He-afeo pointed out that those who
iave a larger quota than they heed
will be able to get compensation fdr- ^
part of their lower production by
telling their surplus quota cards at .
die rate of not more tharf five cents
i pound fixed by the AAA.
Growers who have surplus tobacco
hat will ifeH fhr more than 10 cents
? pound will find it cheaper to buy
;xtra cards than to pay the tax. But.
f may he cheaperto pay the tax on
oaf selling for less tharf 10 cents a
pound. : ;:
The tax. on all tobacco without
narketing carda will ,be half fcbfc
Mies price or three cents a pound,
whichever is higher. ;!il
? . - , - -
.?-?- .
C^e ess CuttingU
? Ruinous To Woodland
? . '"J."'1 "
A little caw i:\ the selection of
vood for peanut poles and tobacco A *1
Flue wood will pK?pt the removal of
^tective cover from land which
S- TB?of the Soil Conserva
often no chfliico for reeeedinir*
There are ther stand* however