The Gastonia
' ■r— ==^ ' -'-J- I 1 ■■■■■—,
_ . O.’rotod to tHo 1'rotvvUun ot Mom o and ttxm lntamta mt 1
Vol. XIX. I Gastonia, N, C., April 10, 1898.
—i ... - ■» i
M'KINIEY SENDS IN .
HIS CUBAN MESSAGE
President Asks Permission of
Congress to Use Force In
Restoring Pesoo.
8A78 TIME 18 AT HAND
TO END TEE STRUGGLE
Ur Waule lllacretlonnry Power* Verted
In Him—Itcviccv«Trouble nud Argue*
Agulmt llmijulUuD-Cataatropbo to
Maine Cited »• Proof That SpuJuCan’t
Gnard later**!* ol Thlr Country.
MESSAGE IX BRIKK.
Wihuvotok, April 13.—Tbe prnM
dent't mceaage wai tent to taw*
greia at norm along with occaolar n>
(<urta. The iufuimaUou that tipoui liaa
proclaimed a teuutlou of boelilitiea oa
tho irtaud «Ud nc4 bavo Ibo rfloct o(
materially changing tba prerideut'a
meaiage as originally prepntvd. except
lbat it (umUbed important evidence in
rupport of bia contrntiin Ikal diacre
tiunary power in aome ineuaoro ibould
bo given to th* prtaideuc m tbe nae of
fort* to compel pence.
la his message tho president strongly
nppoaoa recognition of belligerency a
im-*ptxliont. Ho also npi'ccue the recog
nition at lire independence of Cuba at
t)tl» time, but la Tor* rhe granting of
authority foe larh use of armed lorco*
of the United Btatv* us ho mny diem
ui ceiuary to put on end to hirui dries
and to vec-ure a stnUe govcruineut in
Catn. He aim ask* for »n nppropdn
ticii to be used for Ihe relief of such of
the people as im. still in need.
The message shows that Spniu her
self first suggested 10 this rcvcto
incut the drsiraUlity of an minietu-e
anil signified in sdvruico her n-xwl and
ashed tlist the United Slide* nso its
good offices to socuro a hits ament from
the insurgents. TbUrvqnesI was domed.
The Maine ifiriik-iit figures Quite
pr-utneutly in the message und llw
president argues that the wreck of
onr tuttlesliip in Ilavitni. harbor show*
conclusively that Spam is not sblo to
guarantee to the United State* und the
other nation* that security to tlioir
vessels which they have u right to
demand. The inesenge shows, how
evur, thut Bpain, m> far a* can bo done,
without specific action by rhe crates, La*
disavowed any connection with tin
wrecking of the Maine und hue ex
pressed her deep regret nml enmiw that
the appalling disaster should Love oc
ohrrod in a part within hor jurisdiction.
The only feature of the messuge which
it is thought -will encounter any scnoua
opposition in congress, is that giving
the president a measure of iliocrri tea* ry
authority In the une of force. It is Lo
itered, however, s majority of tire com
mittaoe of the two bouses, to which the
message was ret cried, will support
the iffosidotit's viti^v. autl the opinion is
gniuing gruuutl in administration cir
cles that a more conservative sentiment
ha* been developed, than retimed proba
ble a week ago, and tho expoenu-.ao is
that when put to tho tost of a vole, tho
president's rooninxindatiuns will re
curve tho support of a majority of both
houses of congress.
MESSAfiF IN FITf-U.
Wahhtkgtoh, April ll.-Thc presi
dent today sent the following message
to the Unitad Stare* congree*
Obedient to that preceptor Uid consti
tution which commands the president
to give from time to time to the con
gress inlarmatlon of the state of anion
and to recommend ro thetr amnum-ns
tion such measure* a* ho shall judge
uecoesnry and oxporik-ut, It tmroinc* my
doty now to add rum your body with re
gard to the grave crisis that has ortnesi
in lire relation* of the United Statu
to Spain br reason of the Wuriare that
far more than three years has rugml in
tho noighfccrlng island of Cuba. Ido
so because of Hue Intimate cabnectinn nf
tho Uoban question with tho stale of
our own union and the grave relation
to the course which it is now Incumbent
upon tho notion to adopt mutt needs
boar to the traditional potter of onr mot
eminent If it U to accord with the pre
cepts laid down by ihe founders of tho
republic and religiously observed by
succeed in g administrations to tbs pres
ent day.
Tho present revolution it hut the sue
ecssor of other similar lnmrwtious
which have ooeurrrd in Cnlti sguinat
the dominion of Spain, attending over
a period of nearly half a century, ouch
of which, during its progress, ha* sub
jected tire United State* to grout effort
and czjwnse la according 1 Is neatrullty
laws, oaased enormous losses to- Ameri
can trade and com mure*, caused dre-e
lation. annoyance and disturbance
among oar ettioeu* and by the exercise
of cruel, barhoron* ami uncivilised prac
tices of warfare shooked the aenutbUiltes
and offended the humans sympathies of
oar people.
•WTIPW OI UK ItfVMI.
Si me tho uroeont nreolutfon ho null in
y«brwT, IBM, this ooauhry bate mm
the fertile domain at our thresh.,Id rar
affrd by fee and sword in the curse of
a tiramjle unequalled hi tho hlalory of
the island and rarely fnvmllalod u to
tho n non her of onahMteuU and the
hUteruom of the content liy any mrolu
tfon of modern tioioa whora a depend
ant people, Mrivlnit to bo free, hare
been oppneed by the power of tli* wrrer
sign state. Our people have bo bo Id ■
anon iS'cepeme* community rodnoed lo
uoraperaura want, its lucrative com
memo virtually tunalytad, its exeen
tlouul nrwWlvcneaa diminished, fa
fields laid waste, Its mills In ruins and
|M people portshlnitby lens of thou muds
From humor nml destitution.
W« bare found oureolvte c® strained,
la tint obeervsu/e of ihnt atrtet BMMnri
Itywblib OUT laws eniotes wliul the
law of netioot com wan d« to polios our
own water* and watch onr own ar apart*
to prevail t any unlnwloi not la aid of I
the Cabana. Oor trade* haa auffond,
lb* capita) invaatad by oor citiacna in
Onbii boa been largely loti, and thu Cam- i
per and for bee name of oar people have I
ixwn to aoreJy tried an to i>eget u. peril- '
on* on rent among cor own ciriaenm
which Uuj Inc viliiMy looud it* oxpr**
lion from inie in time m ifco uutnmal
lrghUatmt, «a> thul J‘ercw wholly natar*
iml lonir n**u !.iry tv Uiio oogios.1 at
teiitioii und .n tin1 vuy of That
clcvc devciion to Oriwnipo Adrum/iiannC
that boccmc* a ►elf cuutatncci osmumm
w milt h w beta jmrul iu.v.v:m bo* been
the avoidance of r.ll foreign i-uiauglo
me nuc
All ibi* mtul m*oh awaken, and bu
indeed a:ouw-d the nn?u*t i^inrem on
tin* part r»! tW% ucne< iimen f, an wail
dating my imlocouur'i tm*n aj in my
own.
In April, ihIKi, the cvila from which
um tsmntry *uffcrtd rbtoogh the Cuban
tar Ivuiiuf mi nu**inu> (liul uij predev
ocwor made an efforr no hnng about a
pemcti ibmugb rbo mediation of thla
govern mem ui any way tbal might tend
to an honoraM* udjOKruient of the non*
ten between Bpnin and her revolted
colony, mu the hn»i« of eouio cftcctire
erheme of mdf iruveimirei:r Tor Oulu
oiulir Cla* (lag -ui to*>ieignry nf Spain,
it i..i.V«U tlironnh ibr rvloeal of the
B|4tiiik1i goveri:iiirnt U rn in |mv,(tr to
ccnudci i;ny form of medial Uni, or in
deed nt uuv plitu uf vetiltmioiii w hich
did not l egm wirli tbn tnrnnJ ►nhiiua
wen uf the Uitnrpenn to ih© mealier
country. nud then only ou nucb tcmiaaa
Bl*»m boxaulf might *iv 01 to ^nu»U
The wr»r cvnfmrHil mat lulled To© nv
vitraiu*o of the mr.iriionta v.**oa in no
wit* dimluiahed.
War uf 1-lsrei mliiMtUm.
TVh* cfTorl* of $|*ittvrn> iturcnfird
by ibe ci1*putebe* uf iivmIi lories ol Culm
uud l>y tu«* uddiliou to ilio Inaror* of
the srrlfo of a new ami inhuman ph.-utc
happily unprecedented in the lii-dory of
edvUixed Chrialiuu jvopk*. The policy
of rlrraMtutiou ami coo cmitru turn iuuu
gurateil by the captain gunsrul Ocf. I,
iflflft. in the province of Pinar tied Mlo
Wll* til HI ICO OXtVIUMfl »«» Kill In m v all uf
tho ivlaixi* to which tin* power of the
ft[*oiiKh arms wu* able to irach by oc
cupation or by military (ifienitioxi.
lbc poamnitT lucindiug the dwell
ern in tin* ufirii ngnt-uliural interior,
were driven info j;nrrl*ou towns or iso
lated yl.*v.T« bold by tho troop*. Tho
nnung niiTveniPliC in the iirnviucc* of *11
kinds werv liiaugumct u. Field* wean
laid waste, dwellings unroofed aud fired,
milk destroyed tuia in short everything
that tviuld desolate the land and render
it unfit for human linb'txt»o« or auj \ hi
uas cxajdcnuiod in order of ouc of tho
rmiteuilinn part in* mul uxccuiud by all
the power* xt fh?ir diapnnU.
By the Time tho present ad mini stva
rton took effect, a year ago, a rcconrcn
tration—aocnDod^lud Uvn nmdo of.
fevtivo over the better part of the four
central or western province*. Santa
Clara, Matan7am, I In y .mu and l'insr del
Hio. The agricultural popuhaiun, to
the estimated number of ttOO.DUO i*
more, was herded within the towns aud
their immediate vicinity, deprived fam
lllr« of Hnppnrt. rendered destitute of
shelter, left poorly rkvd aiul or^mand to
the. moat unsanitary conditions. The
scarcity of fowl inrirnund with dnvwtA
tiem of the population arena and the do
structian and want became misery and
starrutum. Month by month tho death
rata Increased in an alarming ratio.
The Mortality Great.
By March. J907. according to conserv
ative estimates from official 8|MUifll
sources, (he mortality among rlio recoo
centra rins fmra starvation and the dis
eases thereto incident exceeded 00 per
usitutn cf their total number. Practi
cal relief was uncorded to tho destitute.
The overburdened towns, already suf
fering from tlw general dearth, con hi
give, no old. Stalled “none* of culti
vation,'* Rslab'.ishcil within the Imme
diate area Ufertavo military control
about the citif* :uid for lifted ramp*,
proved illusory as a remedy for tho suf
fering. The at) fort nil ote*. Mug for the
most purl women and children with
aged and helpl-** men. enfeebled hydU
comm and buogvr, could not Itavo tilled
tho roil, without tool*, ft*?**] or shelter,
for thoir own support or for the supply
of the cities. RccoRcw’tirrntitttt, udopreri
avowedly as a war measure hi order to
cut of efts irsmw'i of the insurgents,
worked it* prodrktined i droll. As 1
said iu my message of bint December, it
was not civilised warfare: It was exter
mination. Tin* only prana it could he
wo* that of the wiklnmoa* ujkI tlw I
mm
MmirwUtto the military ettoatlon In
tbo lain ui 1 bud undorguno a noticeable
cbuugn. 'Iho nhwinliiiiuy activity
that characterized Hie second year of
the war, when tbo insurgent* invaded
ovnn the hitherto culm Trued field* of
Pluar del Kio nnd curried havoc and do
■traction up to tbo walla of the city of
Havana itaclf. bad rvlupeesl Into a
dogm-d etrugglo in the ocutrul and east
ern province*. The Si*ul*h ana* re.
gained a mraaorn of rontrol in Piour do)
Rio and part* of Havana, but, under tha
exlaclug conditions of tbo rural oouu
try. without immediate improvement of
their productive dtiulim. Bnn tbni
uartmily restricted t1ie rcvotatiooUtl I
nebi their’ own end their oomijeeet and I
enbmtaalcn, put forward by Spain aa tUa \
eaaonttai and aole baaia of praea, aeemed
aa far diatant aa at the onl*cl
In tMe Mata of affaire, my adrninit
tratiou found iteolf uonfrouU-d with the
grave isnobleai of its duty My nicstuge
of last December rev lowed the aitaattnu
and narrated the rtapa taken with a
view to relieving lb* eeutcunaeend open
ing tbo way to come form of bduarwblo
•ettlerriru l Tbo avexumineti-vn of the
prime m Iolater, Otniovue, led to a change
of guTcinmetit iu 8ptdu. Tim rormer
admlolarmhnu, pledged to anhjngmcinn
without ixntcnawion. gave place to that
Of a worn liberal party, committed long
in advance to a policy of reform involv- I
tag the wider principle of borne rule In
Cub* and Porto Woo The overtures of ,
thle government, to bo tbroagb ite new I
envoy, Oeuerel Woodford, and looking
to au immediate and effective o< noil ora- ,
tioti of the condition* of tbo ietund, al
though not aoorpted to the extent of ad
mitted mediation in any ah-vp.. wars I
tuet by aarnrancce that h<«nc rule, in an
•dvantvxl phase, weald he forthwith of
fered to Oula. without waiting far the
war to and, and that mom human*
mrtboda the*id thenceforth prevail la
the conduct at bcetillMe*. Ooincidee
tally with them daclara ttoos, the now
govaramoat of Spain cuntineed and
emplaced the policy already began by
IU pavd«ee»nr, of unifying frioadly re
gard for title uettoti by releaMng Anar I
hmaMUaaaa h*M eoder cm. Aargaor
-B*--1 Mil I
•o that by tha end of November sot a
•iufle person entitled In any way to oar
national prnta'tiou romaiuod in a Upan
ieli prison.
Alilul by Anwirlcwu.
While thcac uegotUtnm wore In pro
gress, thM luerruaujg iWllutlou of the
unfortunate reconcrntTudon and th«
alarming mortality among thrm claimed
oaxucst attention. Tlio success whioh
had attnudiwi tuo limited moaunre of re
lief extended to rl>e suffering American
rtiUrni among tbcuu liy tho judicious
rsprmlitsrr. tnruugh the cooauuir tgri
das, of the money appropriated expreaely
for their succor by tha joint resolution
approved May, 24, t&7, prompted
the humane cstension cf a similar
scheme of uid In the great body of imf
ferers. A suggestion to this end wtui
acquiesced lu by rbe H Danish suthorl
iloa On Dec. 24. last, 1 csu-ixl to ho
issued au appeal to tbs people, inviting
contributions in mousy or la hind far
the succor of the starving eufforure in
Cubs, following this on Jan. 8 by a
■dinilur public aiiiMuuoemeut of the
funnetiuu of a central Cuban rrllsf com
fuitu-c with headquarters In New Tarli
city, composed of three members retire
•ratting tlte National Red Cross and ibo
religious u_d bnainnss dements of the
community. The efforts of that com
mittee bnvs been untiring and son wo
pushed much good. Arrsugemeulsjor
fron tmns|iurtMtiuu to Havana Haro
greatly aided the charitable work. The
president Of tho Atueriiaa Red Cram
and the representatives cf other con
tributory organizations have amorously
visited Cuba, and cn-ouorsted with the
consul general uud the kxul euthorMae
to make effective distribution of tbr re
lief oollected through the effort* of the
ccnlml oonitniliro.
Nearly #*00.000 In money and soppUne
had already rum had the sufferer* and
more la forthcoming. The supplies ora
admitted doty tree, and Inuspnrtatiua
to the lutrail* lut* been arranged so that
tho relief, at flmt necessarily confined
to Havana and (be larger cilitis, is now
extended through most if not all tha
towns where suffering exists. Thou
•antis of lives have already bonn saved.
Tho necessity for a change'in the condi
tion oT 1b<? lecomentradoe is recog
nised by tbe Spanish ffovununwit
Within a fetv days, lh« order* of Gen
eral WeyU-r have been revoked, Use
recutKeutrudae ore, it is .cud, to lie |»r
tnilicd to iciuru to their homos, and
sided bi resnmo their self sapimrting
pursuits of peace; puttlio works hare
tss'u ordered to giro them employment
nn*l n *nm of *000.000 baa been appro
prtstid for then rcliuf.
Tho war in Cuba is of sooh nature
that short of subjugation or extern', 1 os*
lion n Dual uiilnart victory ft* cither
aide r«r:u» iinpr.icin-.ihie. the alterua*
tiTe lies ;n the phvciul exlmnstiun of
the "t'r ce of the other (xirry or perhaps
of n il—<i u.siilition which la effect
entk it the leu yen's' war by tha li nen of
Hni'jon. Tlie pnigpi-ct of such a protoc
tiou ami conc'.nsiou ot tho jimient strife
is a contingency hardly to be content
plarerl with equanimity by tliu ctrilimd
world, rind leust of nil bv tbe United
Suiics. nffciiiil uud lujursl a* we arc.
deeply and intimately by ita xcry ex*
lxteuce.
KJTuria (o bind War.
Rm Using this. U sp,rated to be my
duty in a spin; of truo friendliness no
lets to Hpain than to lh« Cubans, who
Imre u, ninth to loss by the prolonan
tion of the struggle, to bring about an
immediate termination of tha war. To
this cud 1 submitted, an M -d> *9. as a
result of moth pmwntAticn aud car
respondents throngh the United States
minister at Madrid, proposition* to the
Spanish guvi-umeut looking to SD armis
tice until Oct. l far the negotiation of
outre with the good ofiicrs of tint presi
dent. In addition I ashed the immedi
ate revocation of the order to rc am cen
tra Urn, so as to permit tho people to re
turn to their forms aud tbe nwdj to be
relieved with provisions and supplies
from (bn Uni led States, co-operating
with the Spanish authorities, so as to
afford full relief.
Tlie reply of (he Spanish cabinet was
reoeived on the night of March 31. It
oitwr*. as the menus to briug shoot pose
in Oulst, to confide the preparation
ibcrcof (o the itixnlnr parliauicnt inss
much ns the ecu . in mice of that body
woo’d bo noreasory to resell a final re
sult, 11 being, howover, understood that
ibe powers rcservod by tho constitution
to the cvutinl government are not leas,
ened cr diminished. At the Cohan par
liament does not meet until May 4, next,
tho Spanish govrminout would not ob
ject for its port to uceept at cmoo a en*
pension af hostilities if netted far by tha
insurgent* from tho Krneral-in-chtof, to
whom it would pertain In snoh case, to
(trb-vnune tho darahou aiul conditions
of tbo armistice.
Tho propositions submitted by Gen
(tuI Woodford and the reply of the
fqsmiah government wore liotli in the
form of brief memoranda, tho Wr»t* of
which ore before me, uud ore so baton
tially hi tha languagu above given.
The action of the Osbau parHornant
in tbu matter of "pnqaring" peaoo and
the manner of it* doing an are uot ex
plained in the Spanish memorandum;
but from (tenoral Woodford's prelimi
nary repuru of praiimhuiry disaamiun*
ptrteccding. the final .wuferetioe, U ii
midi retnnd the Spanish government
ttnuds ready to gire the insular govern
ment loll power lo negotiate peaoo with
t!» litaargnula—whether direct or Indi
rectly—it dose not appear. With this
lust uvertnre in the dirrrtion of peace
end It*disappointingreception by Spain
(he rxocnttve woe broaghl to tho end of
liii* Plfin t l
The Lax Resort.
In my ruinnnl mitssage of December
lost I said:
'•Of the untried measure* thuee ro
mistn only: Kecopultloa of the lustir
Boats a* beillm cuts; reupoiitieu of tha
Independence of Cube: neutral Intar.
twfca to aid tho war by Impoatnsr a
rational coumronuM- between tho nan
teeSauts and intervention in favor of
one or tho other pstW. I apeak not of
forcible annexation, for (bat cannot be
tboturht of. T1w»t, by onr code of ator
allty, would be criminal aKyroMion. "
Thereupon I reviewed theao alterna
dree fa the llplit of JVcxldent Grant *
JMaaured words, a Herod In Jdrrn. when.
*f*er aeves year's of aarurulnary de
■*•«*!*• U*1 “fl twnal booMlidc*
in Caba, he roachod tin oonehulon that
tta tnoigaltton of the indaadeaoe of
waa Impracticable and Indefaaal.
bint and that the raenjmltioa of bolMn.
arewoe waa an* warranted by the tact*
arecrdlnn tn the tests of public law. I
eonaeatad aapechsiiy apoa the tatter
ike qnasticn, pntaHn« eat tha
s^ssar^haSSw^
wUla addin* to the already anoronj bar
d«a« of neutrality within our own Juris
dintion, could not in any way extend
our iu fiascos of effecttve'irfBcos m ihn
tfrn-ory of hoetUiUe*. Nothing biu
riarxi occurred to change my viotr ou
thw fegxrd. and I reootmiae fully now
m then that the Issuance of a psvolwna
Uou ‘ t neutrality, by which pruccu the
of brlU*«Tiicx) is
published, oouM. of itself sad omit
tended by other action, nroompUsh noth.
In* toward tbo one end for which wo
labor, the Insuot paMArattou of Oaba
and the ooaeaHca of tbo misery thst
afflicts the island.
Taming to the question erf reongalsinf
at this nmo the independence of the
laoaest Insurgent government in Oaba,
we find safe precedents in our history
from an early day. They am well
summed up lu President Jaokane 'e mes
aagu to umgrees Deo. II, 1886. on tbo
subject of too rooognitioo of tbo indo
peodenoe of Texas. He said:
»<lu all the contest* that have arisen
pot of France, out of the disputes ia re
laiiou to the crowns ol Portugal and
Spain, out of the separation of tbo
American possessions ofboth from the
Iwropcaai govern moots and out of the
nnsnsnioa and constantly occurring
struggles for dominieu In Spanish Arrwr
*>,wUr1T oooalstent with our Just
prtadplee, has been tbo action of our
government that wo have, under the i
aeoet critical circumstances, avnidod all I
oaneure and enoountered no othnr evil
tfaaa that prodnoed l>y a transient os- ■
tcmnKeaeut of good wil l in those against
wham we have been l>y force of evl- i
danoo compelled to decide.
Aa te Kerognltlon.
“It has lira* made known Co tlia world
that the uniform policy and pructiia of
the United State* to avoid all Interior
shoe in deputes which merely relate to
the Internal government of ocher ns
'!<*»•. and eventually recognize the an
thulty of the prevailing party without
refereeoe to our porunulnr interests
and viewa, or to tha merit* of the crlgi
nal oorttrov-erry.
•'Bat on this aa on orory trying ooca
■ion, safety is tu be found in a rigid ad
herence to principle.
"Iu the con tret between Spain and
tha revolted col coles we stood aloof,
and waited trot only until tho ability ol
tho new Hate* to protect themselves
wan fully established, but until tho dsn
gar of their being again subjugated hud
entirely passed away. Then, and not
until tliesi, were they recognized. Such
was oar oottrao la regard to Mexico her
self.
“It is true that with regnrd to Tnxua
tha oivll authority of Mexico has been
expelled its invading snny defeated,
tha chief of the republic himself cap
fared, and all present power to control
the newly urgsniied government of
Tkxsa annihilated within lto ooofiue*.
But, cat tho other hand, there is, in ap
pearance, at least, an immense disparity
of pbvrkml feroe ou the aide of Taxon
The Mexican republic, under another
exocntivo ia rallying ita forces under a
new leader, and menoidng a fresh Inva
sion to recover Ita lost dominion
“Upon the issue of this threatened
invasion the Independents) of Taras
may be considered as suspended, «»s
were there nothing peculiar in lbs rela
tive situation of tho Utiitod Status and
Texas eveu seknovrlodgement of its in
dependence at such a crisis could
eonrcely be regarded ea consistent with
that prudeut n-mrve with which we
have hitherto held oureelvea bound to
treat el) similar questions."
Thereupon Andrew Jackson proooedod
to cou rid or tli e risk there might lie im
puted to the United States motives of
nelflsb interest in view of the former
claim on trar part to the territory of
Texas and of the avowed purpose of the
Texans in socking recognition of inis
pendenoe os in middeut to tho Incorpo
ration of Texas iu the Union, ounthu.'
ing thus:
Andrew Jackson Qnotod.
that w« iliieU aland aloof end maintain
ocr pro-writ attitude If not until Mexico
Iteolf or one of the greet foreign power*
eliell recognize the Independence of tbc
ucw goTcmment, nt least until the k»p*8
nf time nod tho conree of svonrs ,h»U
have prorod beyond cavil or dispute the
ability nf the people of that I'oiiuy to
uuiuMlu their >u par ace sovereignty and
to.uphold the government nirtimted by
them. Kelthor of the contending pax
tie* can justly complain of thi* ouaree.
By pursuing it we are but carrying oat
the long established policy of our gov
ernment, a policy which hue secured to
ns rexpert tunl iuflueuoe abroad and In
spired oonftdcoce at home.”
Those are the word* of the reeglato
and patriotic Jackson. They are evi
dent* that tbo United State*, in add),
tion to tbo test Imposed by public law
aa to the condition of the recognition of
indspeudnure by a neutral state to wit I
That the revolted state "shall constitute
ia fact a body politic, having a govern
ment in suhatauco aa well us in name,
posse seed of the alomcnla of stability"
■sail forming de facto, if left to l(aaU,a
state among the nation*, rcwaouahly ca
pable nf discharging the dabs* of a stats,
baa imposed for it* own g-vsnnuwe in
dealtnp with oases like these rbo farther
condition that recognition of indopan
duuo* of that statehood 1* not do* to a
revolt'd depsutleney under the dan gar
of it* being subjugated by the parent
stxuo Is sourely passed away.
Th i oztrsm* teat waa in fa* applied
In th j caso of Texas. In tho oougrss* to
whom Presidsat Jsokeon re Toned th*
qonttbm a* one probably leading to
war” and therefore a proper subject for
a "previous undsrstaading with that
body by whom war eaa alone bs declared
and by whom all th* provisiorti for sus
tainlug Its perils must be furnished,"
left tho matter of the recognition of
Texas in the dimretioa of the exoceUva,
providing merely for the sending of a
diplomatic xgent wl»*u the president
should be satisfied that the republic of
Tbvaa "has bsesna* an Imlspredeat
state.” It was so recognised by Presi
dent Tea Baron, who coxntnladanad a
eharye d'affaires March 7, 1(117, after
Mex too abandon sd the attaaipt lo rretai
quer the Texas Torrltcry and when
ihere was at th* Mm* no "bon* Me"
Mat out going on between th* lomrgcat
krnvtno* and lu form** sovereign
1 said in my mreasgs at last Deeetn
bar:
"It Is to b* snrloaaly roastdsred
whether the Oban laserreetlon pro
mmra beyond dispot* »ha attributes of
statehood, which akae «an demand the
recogultioa of balHffssruoy In its favor."
can bo applied to the (poorer not than to
tb* Ir-weri white on tho other hand tho
iDduvuce and cena-qoutva of thnauug
Kki upon tho Internal policy ot the reoeg
nranj! nfutu. which form Important
factor! where the rwoogiiltfca of belli*
eroory U concerned, ore Mcoadary, If
not rightly el inline hie factor., wham the
real queataoa ia whether the oraamaaity
claiming nx-ogukion i* or U aut la«l*
pentUnt beyond pa* udvaatDie.
Sor from the rtand point of ezperiaooe
to I think It would be wIm or prndant
fur tbia government to raoogaicv, at Ux
praamt time, the ind*-p*n<ieuue of tb*
kuwiloal CnUui republic. Buch recog
nition ie not ixoeeeeiy In order to en
able tho United Bhtet to intervene and
not ify the inland. To commit thia ooen
try now to the recognition of any per
ttcub.1 (onmaut in Cuba might aub
>*ct ur to rxnbomzeixig condition! of
international obligation* towurtla the
organ lead on ao recognized. In oae* of
iutvrvention oar ooudnet would be Mb
J«ct to the approval or dimpure <ral of
auch government. W# would ha re
quired to anbmit to lu dirootlon and to
asmme to It the tote* rr-leteno of a
friendly ally. When it ahal) appear
hereafter that them ia within the iamnd
a government capable of pvfurinin* the
dutiea and diecharging the function! of
• aaparate uction, and having aa a mat
ter of fact the proper forma and nttrl
bate* of nationality, anoh government
cau be promptly and readily zecugnltod.
u>4 the relation! and intereeto at tb*
United Bnta with tnoh w»*bwi ad
looted.
rucro remain* two alternative font*
of Interveutiun to end tho war: Either
M an Impartial naiiou by lmpueuig a
national oomprorel** between Uw con
testants, or aa lb* active ally ot am
party or tha uthrr.
Aa to tha tm. It U not to be forgot
ten that daring the la*t few mouth*, the
relation of tha United Shun has vir
tually beau ano of friendly Intervention
is many way*, each note of Itaelf canola*
•ive, bat all tending to the exertion of a
potential influence toward aa ultimate
cuciflu malt just and honorable to all
Ultimata concerned. The a pint of all
our act* hitherto hoe been au — raw—,
onwlflah daelre far peace aad proeperity
la Osba, untarnished liy differences be
tween the Unltod State* eud Spain nnd
auituineil by the blood of American ott
■ona.
Thu forcible iutcrvcutUm of the Unttad
State* a* a neutral, to stop tba war ao
oerding to the large dictate* of human
ity awl fuILming many historical prece
dent* where neighboring nbitc* hare In
terfered to chocs the bopchM* sum floe*
of life bv Interuooinn c-nulUM* beyond
tfaohr border*. Is justifiable on rational
ground*. II lavolvo*. however, hostile
constraint span both tho putiu* to the
oouteat. as well aa to enfom* a trno* as
to guide tho eventual settlement.
Ground* ►'or luterreuliou.
The grounds for inch intervention
may be briefly rammailsed a* follow*:
First, In tbs cause of hnnuiniry and
to pat aa end to tlia Inxbarltto*. blood
tiled, ptarvmtton and bctrible m Iswies
now existing these, and urhiob the par
tie* to I be conflict are cither uuable or
unwilling to stop or mitigate It 1* so
answer to aay thl* 1* all in another coun
try. belonging to another until** and I*
therefore none of our boeium*. It 1*
especially oar duly, fnr It le right at our
dour*.
Seuond, we owe It to our uitinene in
Cube to afford thorn that protection end
Indefinitely for life and property which
no jpivcrainent there ueu or will afford,
end to that end to term mate the condi
tion* that deprive them of legal protec
tion.
Third, the right' u Intervouo may bo
justified by tbe very wroan injury to
commerce, trade eud business of ear
people and by the wantou dratruction of
property and devastatioa of tin- island.
Fourth, and which is of tho utmost
importance fur the prevent court!tiau of
affair* la Cuba is a constant menace to
oar poaee, ami entail* open thl* govern
ment enormous expense. With snch a
conflict w*god for yean in an I aloud so
near us end with which our people have
snub trade Olid business relations—wlrna
the lives nnd liberty of our citizens are
lu constant danger and choir property
destroyed ami tbeuuelves rained—where
our trading vceeols arc liable to seizure
and are waxed at our very door, by war
ships of a foreign nation, tbeerpodttlan*
of Alllicstsring that wo ore powerless to
repress ul title tin* aud the Irritating
questions end the entangbimoata tha*
arising—all these and others (bat I need
not men that, with tbe resulting streined
relations, are a renstout menaoo to oaf
peace and oosapol as to keep uu aeetni
wtr footing with a nation with which
we are at peace.
tbs nwn iiMuur.
These uloincnt* of danger and disor
der nlrondv |nintod obi have beta
•trikiiiuly llluetreted by a tragic ovent,
which hn* doc ply and Justly moved Iba
American people. I have already trena
mtttvd tu nou grass tba report of the na
val coert of inquiry on the iteatruothai
of the battleship Maine In the harbor nf
Havana doling the night of Tab. It.
Tho destruction of that noble nail baa
filled the national heart with loex
ureaoibk- horror. Two hundred and
nfty-oight brave aailora and marines and
two officers of onr navy, reposing In tba
fannied security of a friendly harbor,
have been hurled to death, grief and
want brought to their home* and sorrow
to tho nation. The naval court of in
quiry, which. It la ueodkgs to aay, oen
mauds Use auquatiled confidence of the
government. waa enanlmans la ita oou
elaaiiai that tbe destruction of the Main*
was eaaaed by an exterior explosion,
that of a jnhmarine mine. It lid not
serum* to place Urn responsibility. That
remains to he fixed.
In any event the deatraetlon of the
Maine bv whatever exterior cause |a a
patent end Impressive proof of ae>JUe of
thing* tu Cuba tlwt U intukrabia. That
nondiiion is thus shown to he such that
the Rpnnisb government eunont assure
mfoty and security to n teasel of the
American navy tn the harbor of Havana
on a misaloa of paaoo, aad rightfully
there.
rartlwr referring in this oonnoeticn
to recent diiJomailc forroepriidmsce. a
dtspirrb from oar minister to Spain of
tho twenty sixth alt., amtaiimri tba
stateiurnr that the Spanish mlnlMerfor
foreign afTsirt smared him pcwUtvslr
that Hpatn will do al) that Urn high**
honor and Jnaric* require ia th* umtvar
of the Ma:ne. The reply nf cbe thirty
first ult also rr«l*mi*l an ti|rmd<a of
•ho readlusae of Spain tu submit to ar
bitral km all the dtffhrvaocs which can
aria, la this matter wjieh u tshee
qoee Uy srxp’otmsl by U s m to fit tbs
npuh'-sh lain Is ter at WssUagma of the
tenth beat, as follows:
“As to iba question of toes wbieb
dlvcwtty of view* be
jwrrn the report of Out bmertma nl
Biniilrii beard*, Bantu propame that tha
hwt Ui aeoartalued by an impartial ta
vaattgatloa by expert* whose debate
bpoiu uiwli la advnuoe.**
Tu I hi* I have made no reply.
tlraat oa latcrve-thm.
maM«* Grout, la MTV. after din
eaaalngtha phaMia of tha oeoMsIUtt
Eh .nu, I duCxth. t*M
iirtW uartnaa will be compelled eeae
! *»"*u tha rtapoaulUhty which devolve*
apiai than, and to aerionidy corned or
tlu* only remaining zuaaeuxaa notable
modlabcn end totarembkm. Orring'
prrhapa, to tha large expause of water
wpanitlug the island tau the poaia
•»**■ Wit* appear to have withfa
thorn*!raa ao depository of ~~
oomfidenoe. to raggest wisdom when
po*eloa »ud iMudtamant hare their away
and to ataauM the part of Tm-filta
In thU view, la tha earlier day* of tha
onufrat. the food oOoae of the United
State* a* a mediator were randafi in
food faith, without any saltish purpose*
in the Intareet of haamaity aad ta «u,
core frieudehip for both purtim. but
"" the chao deoHned by Spain with
the declaration riTirthetoeo that at a
; future thuo they would be "taiiwi
blik Ho in dilution Wi boan rMtiv^l
that iu the opinio- if IHaETtStbSe
haa taeu reached. Aad yet the strife
oood oue. With all Ite dread horrors aad
all Its Injuries to the iatcroMe ef the
Uutted States aad of other nations.
Under the dreamneaeas the agency of
other*, etcher by media boa or by la tor
volition aorta* to l» tho only altiialtn
which mast, aocoer or later, be mrobed
for the ttrmtaaboa of the aertfa.”
hi tbe last anu—al uH-op of my iau
luaallute predeceases* during the pending
atmgrlo. it was mid: *
• Whra tha inability of Spain to deal
mweamfally with tha insurraotto— has
become manifest and It is demcaatiated
that her sovereignty is extinct ia Cuba *
fur all purpoee of its rightful irtf'imiii !
:Sj£LhSerhSK£.*a£:
ssSsyss-in.'S
matter of the oondiot! a’aMaaboav^
be presented la which our obligation* ta
ssrwa^vS&^-Ci
hardly boriteta to raoofutaa aad die-1
charga." ,
■peia Wm Warned.
. “V apntml taeasaoe to eongna
JaMDwmntor. ipnkiif of this qass
tiou. I midi
"Tha aeor future will taaiamt
whether tha lodlapeailtda Candidas of a
righteous pawn, jast alike to tbeCu
!>■» and to Spain, aa well aa equitable
to all our )otarosts so laUwarelr to
eolrod la the warfare of Calm, is Kkalr
to be attained. If not, the exigency of
farthor aad other action by the United
Stuns will remain to be taken. Whan
that Hat court that action will ha de
termined in tho lino of itidiest!table
right and duty. It will be faced, with
out mimrielng or hesitancy, la tba light
Of the obligation litis government uwrs
to the people who bare routJdod to It tha
protection of their iaxrct.a and bee nr,
nail to humanity.
•Sarrol tha right, keeping fceo frma
. all nffrnwi onraclvrc. net ox tod only by
upright aod patriot c mnuiderstauia,
moved nclcbor by paarion not selfish
uses, ilia government will rxntinnc its
wntchfnl rare over tho righto and prop
erty of American cUtaans aad will abate
mm* of Ha efforts to bring about hr
prsccfnl agencies a peace which *«n be
honorable and mntnriag. If ft «h.n
ksreafear appear to ha a dnty lmaosad
by our obligation to oureolrei to 5rUi.
■alien and humanity to iutorrana with
fores, it. shall ha wit boor fault on ow
port and only baranar tha-nit] for
such action will be so dear aa to ooca
*"4 °*u
Tli* long trial has moved that tha oh
jact for which Spain has waged the war
cannot 1m attained The Are of insur
rection may flame or stay
with varying toaamm bat It haa not
lawn and it fat plain that It ba
oxtiugulthod by present method* The
only hnpn of relief and repoas from a
condiMon which can no longer ho ao
darod la the eaforoad p-Vsa—M— at
Cuba.
IN THE NAME OK HUMANITY.
IN THE NAME OP CIVILIZATION
IN HKKALK OK ENDANGERED
AMERICAN INTERESTS. WHICH
GIVE US TITB RIGHT AND THN
DUTY TO SPEAKAN DTP ACT. TM
WAR IN CUBA MUST STOP.
Asks Power to Aet.
wnawoc tbeaa facta U< af tbeaa
coBaldmtlMM I aak nopnaa to author
lM and empower tba pmaidaat to taka
■maaaraa to aaemra a fall aod teal ter
mination of boatUtUoa between tba rvr
ernmen* of Spain ud tba people oI
Oalia and to aactira bi tba find tba
establishment of a atahla toiitonaiaal
capable of maintain Ins order and ob
tarrlac it* International -'■'IratVan.
anaorinf peace and tranquility aod tin
aaoortty cf lta at titans a* wsC as one
own, and to use the military and ural
forraaof tba United State* a* may ha
nocotaary far tht« r-rnmaa
And in tba Interest ofhnmaalty and
to idd in pr* tarring tba Meet of tb*
sawneausyirs
■nppUaa ha continued and that an te
pru print km be Bade ont of tbs pubSe
supytotnoo* tba chnrityof
Sa&TOr^sgjgBa
ssmh
PRKPARKT) TO tlUDUTK BVBtf
OBUOATTOM IMPOSKD UPOX MB
BcnrafflnML"1
•*»"» **» jpnpawilcn
af tba trrvtmiag mreaarc. oAidal lafcn
I marine wa< rooatred W ute ttot tba
I decree of tlw anoaa regent of
Hpala ditarts Ooocral Blanco, in order
sps^Uftsustaic
ration and details af which hay* ant
Jrt Ue-n rocnninatmtnd to me. T.
ntrt with srery cahar r*« tlnttot eaand
•rnrton wlU, I an rare, bare mar * t
and lawful ersmtkai In tba MMs dm
“berartm,* upon which yon am t
enter. If <Uis ■mum -
tmefnl tnrah7 then oar |
n Okrtatian nance Mh i
WjtfcUa jt |
9
THE HOLLAND BOAT.
pacts about tmssubmaiumscmapt
WHICH WASCHlUSTENSO M BUXXX
hiiiiiiwiA
BBctmakliytl MBi
• f. ^' V* ^
Tax ■ouAKDcuntuttn boat.
jMatotUxiaMiiMlk* heat by
tefaTBxier aad tbonaMto te kin to
Irrartar TTidlBOiT to bcao^trtttrc
hlix«w boot|x thawataaa ibwXn
*«k harbor caocMly, aad. aMboagb ha
haa rot auk to tha bottom of tha aaaar.
ha haa aocaiai la atbnwalaa Ua
aaaftfar caracal fact. XhiT^Sdha
•roayb to protect her ten tbo beat leal
Cm la eaaa a hoatUa warabip ebooM tty
toafakbre. Oath*ttotSta thaaa*
narlna boat canted two ataal flafetafta
by which bar matte aad thadaplbta
wbteb aha waa aatnecrad coo Id ba
plainly earn, la actual warfara tha
world aaeiy no arch talhalaa aad world
ha aa perfectly bidder at tha dapihcC
half a doaeu feat acre BO.
»b«» » uhu aoQiit m mat tola
raft waaM proton formidable addition
toons navy, for dm U Sited with a nr
ptdo tobe, and at aa boar't aotleo eoald
bo mat oat anood to dtatroy tba moat
powtrfal battlnbjp afloat. Tba wpada
I an It located to tba atm af a bra
aad it la Mr. Holland'* plea If aaatea
Mb a miatirm to dir* aadar tba mm
■Mp aad dlmharg. tba dtodlp mitotre
Jrat aa hi* raft rim* on the other tide
af -T —rbiart tbmia. aa It
won which wo aid be a total ora tor
at *oob oioa* range there world ba ao
P°adbiUtT of aiming tba mark.
Tba Holland boat wee boilt la toe
todppaad af Mr. Lawia If icon, formerly
a Itoatraat to tba Colled Stem aery.
Whan it waa --ibrff. mmittilim km
itoadwbtob ratal eMaara. who bra
Labi bad nidi of t be n> pared Uoowhiak
tba ormyday aallor baa, regard aa ato
attaaa*. They »ay toot tba BoUaadwra
idirirtraad la blood and that iba la
baaad to ba a deed active waft.
Tba "chrlttaBtag to blood" "in ml
la tblawtaa: Mra Lawia Mira, tba
*b* abipbnflder, waa totltad to
ehttom tba Bolltad. Mn. Mira bra
woman, married or tingle. SbetoaSTa
groatlatarettla tba HoUaatoftratha
data its frame waj begra.
As Mra Mlaaa Mood on the nlUfLrm.
olatehtog Iba plat botOo af traditional
fhaanpagat. tba lateator af tba Hallrad
*“ bwrytog aarroariy aboat wabblag
toama prapattag to ebop away toe
fPPtrtn. Amid the dla of tba not and
ba Miami Holland naked aa to Mn
Mira and taldt
"Do ba aarc that bottla toaaba "
The magical thrill ef lift gatraai
radabot tbreagb tfce baal ap to Mn
Mira'a hand. With a tmrifla math too
•brack tba bottla agatari tho Maeh bow.
XU rUm flftw Into ft 1fiTr—till pimi
• WJU tU rHDftifit of lb# tick mH
**«»tobadia bar apUftod hand Mn Mia
an wttebad rim Boliand dip aad eanr
togy tabaraatt *
tba water.
"Look at year
aaUadanaof tbo
' i