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THE GASTONIA
_Published Twice s Week—Tuesdays
W. t. MAX SHALL. EStor utf Pr*»ri«ter. DEVOTED TO THE PROTECTION OP HONE AND THE
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VOL- XXIV. GASTONIA, N. C.. TUESDAY, JULY at, 1003.
POINTS AND PARAGRAPHS
ON TOPICS OF THE TIMES.
Cadrr thU k»»J will bt wliud I ram (iau la lima aoteworth y utlcraacer
oa Saau al currant tntrraat. Thar will ka taken from public aiblraaaca.
book a. aiiuun. oawaoanet*. in fact •kmnf wc mar Hod tbctn. Souk
Haifa tkaae (election* will acvxd with out view* and the ulrwe of oat reed
era. eaaaetlaiee the upponite will be true, lint br reaeea ot the Mlilwl metier,
the etrle. thr authorahlp. or (he vtewi euptuieed. each will have an element
at timely in reran tu make It a coa.plmoai alteraace. '
The Mistake at Oyster Bay.
Orceueille Itehcctor.
It uiay be unkind to remind Lite public of il, but wc still believe
that a great doji of tlie negro cussednes* perpetrated lately, and
the consequent punishment by whites, is the direct result of tile
policy of the mistake now located at Oyster Ray.
Ths Eadlsss Chain al Lila.
Saline Coanlr (Han) ladca.
Every farmer boy wants to be a school teacher, every school
teacher hopes to be an editor, every editor would like to be a
banker, every banker would like to be a trust magnate, and every
trust magnate hopes some day to own a farm and have cowa and
pigs and horses to look after. We end where we begin.
Haw York Lucre Isa’t Filthy.
br. C. 8. Tayloi. In Biblical Rccordn.
I did not sec a silver dollar in New York. Instead, everybody
seemed to be handling nice, crisp, clean, new one and two dollar
bills, to say nothing of the fresh fives and tena. Why cannot our
bsukera send off a few tons of heavy dollare and a few bushels ol
filthy lucre and get in exchange what the Northern people handle?
fty Their Owa Efforts. »
fiivttn ah Nnn.
There is no better evidence that they come of a race that* does
things than the schievments of the Southern people since tbe
close of the Civil War. Less than forty years ago tbe South was s
rain. She had to be rebuilt from the bottom up. Sbe is far richer
and greater than ever before and her promise for the future is far
brighter. What she is is tbe result of tbe efforts of her own peo
ple.
Tha Soalh's Intellectual Vigor.
ti'Uolk Nt»k
The South is the only section of the Union in which tbe white
population is composed almost wholly of genuine native Americans.
Probably i*is because of this that Southern men arc notable for
the display of intellectual vigor, whether they arc found in New
York city or in the homes of their ancestors. "'They have always
played a conspicuous part iu the affairs of the nation, and there is
no question but that they will continue to do so.
Debtors la tha Santh.
N«* York Sm.
It may be said, too, that the professional and commercial im
portance of the Southerners in New York exceeds that of the em
igrants from any other part of the Union, unless it be New Eng
land. In law, medicine and the church our Southern-born inhabi
tants have won distinction, and in business they hold a foremost
place. Our indebtedness to tbe intellectual vigor of the South is
great and obvious, and penerally the emigration thence to other
{nuts of the Union has been remarkable tor the high quality it
brought.
A Ward far tka Hoar.
JUItiafc Blblicsl Recorder.
An educated dead-beat it incomparably leas desirable os a cit
iaen than an uneducated man. It does not improve a parasite to
give him a diploma. Free education may defeat the objects of ed
ucation by making parasites and paupers. The men that have
paid their way through school with hard-earned money or the men
that have made their way through life by hand fighting are the
men even to-day that carry the world on their backs. There is
more education in getting an education for one’s self, whether in
school or out, than there is in all the curriculum and the rest of
the process. The new British degree for men that have achieved
is really the highest of degrees. In the sweat of thy face sbalt
thou earn thy manhood. Toil is the great teacher.
Koeaevalt Has Dona Barm.
KwYoAThm 7th.
Mr. Roosevelt has done the negroes of the South no good.
He has done them and the whole country great harm. Ha baa
aroused a race hatred in ad sections that was in the way of slowly
dying out. The scheme of the Democrats [to divide the colored
voters of the North] to which Mr. Depew alludes, selfish as it was,
eras bound to bare a good effect, since, so far ss it,was pushed, it
would have tended to destroy race prejudice in politics, and it
would to some extent have spread ty the South, where Us influence
would have been still more beneficent. At best the action of the
President has stimulated mere office sacking and encouraged office
seekers among the negroes while be baa obeckad a movement that
distinctly would have tended to peace and ^xxl feeling between
the races. This Mr. Depew crows over. It should be a source of
regret and shame.
Mrs. Flatter Was Starving.
(4te Cniaanl. la Charlotte Otwnir.
It ia related that Mrs. Henry M. Ftegter, who was Mims Mary
Uly Kenan, of this State, came near starving to death a little
while ago. In her palatial residence in the North there were un
limited things to eat, bat they were very be-sauced and Frenchi
fied. Mrs. Flagler went to her husband and aaid:
"I’m starving."
"What!"
"Yes, starving. I want aome chicken and gravy, and some
hominy, and some hatter-cakes."
"See the boiler," said Mr. Flagler.
The butler waa the only man Mrs. Flagler feared, but she
gave him her orders. The next morning aha waa served with the
food in coarse style. The hominy came with cream and sugar.
The chicken cams next, and the gravy had the taste of Neapoli
tan sauce, and tka batter-cakes were angary. Then it was that
Mrs. Flagler led to her home, seeking cooking of the Southern
style
AGRICULTURAL TOPICS
FAIM VIEWS AlfP HEWS
* Agriculture ia the Foundation
of Manufacture and Commerce.''
NOTTJ ^TMa mpAitmem is a imcUI If a
ffiSKStlri&S. £< IjEKlffW
Intmalnl nur ArrinjIiAnil rvMtfi.
I.IBRAHV NOTES.
Since June 1st there has been
added to the county correspond
ent’s library the following vol
umes, to-wit: Maps: Soil Map
of Iredell County, N. C., 36*24;
Soil Map of Alamance County,
N. C., 26x18 inches, drawu on a
scale of one mile to the inch.
Volumes; Johnstou Grass, For
age Plants and Porage Resources
of the South, The Chinch Bug,
history, habits, enemies, reme
dies, and preventativea; 18th
Annual Report, Bnrean Animal
Industry, 1802, pages 708, cloth.
Total volumes on Scientific Ag
ricnltnre and kindred subjects
in library 362.
PA8MINC AND TH8 BLACK MAM.
Before the war. ’61-’83, the
agricultural suits of this county
were scientifically cultivated,
for these old-time agriculturalists
were, as a rale, educated men.
But these ante-bellum farmers
were not merely cotton raisers.
They raised everything that was
consumed on their domains; all
the corn consumed was home
grown, as was the bacon and
beef, and the needed horses and
males were also raised at home,
That was the common-sense
way. After the war, the negro
was given his freedom, and the
crime of all time was committed.
The negro (began to "hire out,"
and some became imbued with
the idea that to " hire out" was
beneath the dignity of a freed
man, and, after wasting the
best part of a year in celebra
ttom at Iiii new condition by
marching up and down the high
ways with horns blowing, march
ing. and flags flying, a compro
mise was reached, and the ne
gro agreed to go to work if he
were pcTmitied to be bis own
"boss." The results were un
satisfactory. It was maintained
that it was much cheaper to boy
corn and meat than to make it,
and the farmer staked bis all
npon cotton. The effect was a
conttant decline in the produc
tiveness of the soil. Cotton re
quires a clean culture, and clean
culture is most favorable to soil
deterioration by wastings. •
All over the cotton growing
regions of Gaston,gTcat gullies
are to be seen.- The cropping
system is responsible for this soil
exhaustion. A negro and a raw
boned male with raw-hide gears
and a "scooter" plow with forty
seres to scratch over is the most
perfect combination for destroy
ing the fertility of the soil that
has ever been invented. A
renter cares nothing about the
soil fertility. He is here this
year and may be 50 miles away
another year. The outcome of
negro freedom was the parceling
up of plantations with a negro,
a mule and a plow on every
plot susceptible of supporting a
family. The deterioration. of
the land , soon came to be a
cause for anxiety, following the
growing of a single crop re
quiring close, clean cultivation
as cotton. That was a minor
loss compared with destruction
by "denudation and erosion"
following the recklessly careless
wav of "laying off* the rows on
bills and rolling ground by a
renter who took no thought of
to-morrow, much less of next
year.
AH that ia Beaded to repair
the damage is a return to tir*t
principles. What <• imperative,
ia "the abolishment of the negro
tenant system,” "the abandon
ment of the advancement tray of
selling goods by merchants” and
"the substitution of intelligent
white labor for the thriftless,
short-sighted, improvident, in
capable black labor." This past
year, the merchant was "bard
nit,” and this year he is limitr
tag the "advance” to a little com
for the mule, flour aod bacon*
barfy enough to keep the negro
from starving. Lett season the
drouth curtailed the-crop, and
soma merchants got "cat out”
<rf a part aod lost nearly all of
their p«y for what had been
"advanced.” The owner Is be
coming alarmed lest after a few
years more of negro renting
there will not be enough for his
tent. The negro, too, by raai
son of the meager advancement
is beginning to learn a little.
He Is begitrainw to learn that
being his own "boss” ia a bitter
thing sod an evil, the end of
which ia for the negro, scauty
raiment and abort rattans year in
and yaar oat. •
DEC MAXI IN cornu ACIKAOB.
The Chief Statistician of tha
U. S. D. of A. estimates the
acreage of com planted this year
at 89,800,000 acres. We give
the United States Department of
Agriculture's official estimate
for the State of North Carolina
and States bordering:
North Carolina, acreage last
year. 2,706,682, 97*.
South Carolina, acreage Inst
year. 1,823,837, 98*.
Georgia, acreage last year,
3,400.331, 101*.
Tennessee acreage last year,
3.337.047, 96*.
Virginia, acreage last year,
1,879.848, 97*.
The decrease in corn acreage
from last y.»ar is four million
two hundred thouaaad acres.
Last year the corn acreage was
94,043,613. Thia years acreage
estimated is 89,843,613 acres.
OA8TOK CROP RKPORT JCNg 18.
Light showers eveuiug of 12tb,
4:30 p. m. Crops improving.
Cotton healthy. 'Continued slow
growth. Cotton smaller than
has been seen at this time of
the season for miuy years. Corn
has grown fairly well and haa
received final cultivation. Barly
planted in silk md tasaellT
Sweet potatoes doing well.
Field peas doing olceiy, some
have received first cultivation.
Wheat, oats, and rye harvested
and under shelter. Peaches
continue to rot. Yield of late
apples small. Grapes continue
to be promising. Laying by
cotton beginning. (Gaston crop
report to the Statistician, U. S.
D. of /..)
DEEP OE SHALLOW.
Physical Geography says that
"the climate of any country .[a
modified by heat, atmosphere
and mo’sture." It naturally fol
lows that plants are affected the
same way. A certain amount of
each is necessary to bring a1
plant to perfection. In a dry
season a soil may lack in mois
ture and plants suffer in conse
quence. If the soil ia shallow
the lack of moisture will be
greater. Naturally we must
look to the sub-soil for the defi
cient moisture. Some resort
to the tub-soil plow. This for
small areas is all right. The
beat method for large areas is
to under-drain -in a systematic
way. Our three systemic oi
systematic rules are:
PLOW SHALLOW.
1. Plow shallow, because yon
can get a better crop than by
plowing deep in cultivation.
2. Plow shallow, because it
is easier on both man and beast.
3. Soil will not exhanst itself
thereby.
PLOW DEEP.
1. Plow deep, because yon
bring up fertility that has sunk
deep into the hard pan clay.
2. Plow deep, because yon
bring up the subsoil to the ac
tion of frost, thaw and freeze
which extracts the fertility there
by.
3. Soil if not plowed too deep
will not exhaust itself thereby.
Brother agriculturists there it
ia " pro ana con" more ‘ "pro"
than "con.”— Repnblc Farm
Dept.
FA1M TOPICS.
The plowing of the land la an
ordinary matter to farmers and
the moat important. The growth
of the crop and the yield depend
upon the preparation of the soil.
Tne careful preparation of the
soil increases the yield. A gar
des plot will produce more
a field. Plowing under manure
ia one method of working it la
the soil but all farmers do not
plow their leads the seme depth
or turn under their manure In
the mbm manner. If the ma
nure ia put under too deep, some
time will elapse before the roots
of the tender plants *et down to
it, it will not be very long before
the plants find the manure and
utilise it, but it is very impor
tant that such a crop as corn
should get a good start, and the
loss of a week at tha beginning
nf plant life may have an injuri
ous effect on the crop should
the season come on dry. If the
manure is spread on the surface
and worked into the soil with a
harrow the young plants will be
enabled to use the available
plant food from the start. Two
objects will be accomplished by
so doing—first tbe manure will
be made finer—second tbe fine
ness of the toil urill result in
disintegration of tbe miaermline
constituency of the soil. Soil
moisture is very important.
KDITOUAJL.
When we enteT a farmer's
house we like to ace e few first
clean farm papers on tbe table.
It seems to speak well for tbe
intelligence of tbe family. Tbe
farmer cannot afford to get
aloog without taking one or
more up-to-date agricultural pa
pers. It ia absolutely beceeaary
for bis greatest MM but now
and then are find a than wbo
does not take e farm paper. He
"don’t b*lieve them feller* wtint
prints the agricultural paper*
knows anything ’bout farmin'
no liow.” Tbe good that tbe
agricultural press ha* done tbe
farmer cannot be estimated. It
ha* done * great good.
COMMON ACtlCUUl'IU
SCHOOL*.
"Much lias been said in re
gard to teaching agricultnrc in
the common schools. Effort*
are now being made in several
parts of the country to make the
course* in agriculture in the
college real college work. The
difficulty in the common school
lies in the fact that the teachers
of these sbbools are women and
that women are not prepared to
give tbe instruction."—Practical
Parmer. The writer notices
that quite a number of the beat
Gsston fanners’ wives and
daughters contribute occasional
ly to "The Practical Farmer"
tome able articles.
practical paamiko.
No farmsr can progress un
less be is willing to study and
learn. The farmer has kept
himself back by Hie opposition
to "theoretical farming,” the
"book farmer” being tolilsi as
out destitute of knowing any
thing about farming except to
talk or write foolishly in the
effort to accomplish an impossi
bility. Oi course all farmer*
are not alike, for some are pro
gressive and many prefer to
wait, and when they become
convinced that a chauge in
farming is necessary, will en
deavor to improve. Mscfa of
the advance made by farmers ia
due to the theoretical farmer
who lead tbe way.
WHEAT SCAB.
The fungus disease termed
wheat-scab is common in the
wheat fields of the Piedmont sec
tion of North Carolina, which in
cludes Gaston County. .Scab is
■ disease which attacks wheat
heads before they ripen; a por
tion of the bead or sometimes the
entire head taros to a light brown
and dries up, the kernels wither
up and become worthless. At
harvest the chaff is affected with
a pink fungus or mold. In
threshing the majority of the
affected kernels are driven off
with the chaff—the header grains
fall into the wheat sack. Floor
from such wheat is injurious to
health. For scab no remedy is
kuown bnt to sow a variety not
easily affected.
BUSH IS AMD BSIABS.
AH along the road-aides in
Gaston county one sees hedges
of bushes and briars which taka
up room and drkw np substance
or sustenance from the fertile
fields where crops should be cul
tivated. The removal of these
hedges would cost bnt little and
would add greatly to the attract
iveness of oor farms. In some
places the bushes have become
trees and the briars a jungle of
thorns and spines. The fanner
who tills the soil gives "back a
little” and his field U a patch in
tbe middle with bushes and
briars all around. This matter
of hedges is an eye-sore to the
farms all over the county and
the editor, lor one, would like
to see the hedges of boshes and
briars disappear from oor road
sides.
—- —■ I ■■■!.
ujmjm rot shai? knsviM.
Sm FrMdm 9m mi Electric
CiWiiT Hee te Bay Sprstfc*
tot's i*ml Pleat, IntM tor
. tcvaufie.
Hnrietna*
Class Spreckela has jast ad
ded $3,lwQ,000 to bla fortune by
the tale u: i i. Independent Gas
add ElectnC Company, which
ha started six years ago to grat
ify paraoaal enmity. He bad
inat erected a new office bulld
og, when, not half a block
away, the San Francisco Oaa
and Electric Company built a
big power .plant, with a tall
cnimnay. which sent forth, smoke
and soot day and night. Mr.
8preckala'i tenants made bitter
complaint, so the owner wrote
to President Joseph Crockett, of
the gas company, asking that
tbe nuisance be abated. Meet
ing him soon after at the Pacific
Union Clnb, Mr. Spreckela in
q aired t
"How about that smoke.
JoeVT
"This is no place to talk busi
ness," said Mr. Crockett, and
turned on bis heel.
Mr. Spreckela the next day
organised the Independent Oaa
and Electric Company and
forced down the price of gas. It
dropped from $3 so JO cents and
m e4 ae -Mat aeaeiml aa
powrT raxes wtn cm Kcoraiif
It. So Mr. Crockett’s company
finally bad to accept Mr. Sprcck
ela’a terms and pay him Id,000,
000 for hi* plant, which did not
coat tndre than 12,000,000.
■
BIG REDUCTION
BUIE FUME OH STOVESI
[ Finding we are overstocked in
Blue Please Oil Stoves, we have
cot deep into former prices, and
make the following redactions In
order to asove the goods stances
1 Burner, regular price, $4.30, now golag at $3.00
2 " “ $7.1$, «• $$.00
3 ** M nja m nji
2 ” HlghCaWncU. $7.$$. - $$.70
» “ “ “ $10.10, " |7J0
These are positive redactions sad mom Ml actual aairtag of
money to quick purchasers. Come at once sad *Ct the biaait,
Long Brothers,
GASTONIA, W. e.
VACATION
Mesas more, If yea take a KODAK
with yea, whether te the messtales or
%
to the seashore. Yea wHI have oat
oaly all the leys that others have, hat
pictures besides—pictures of cherished
hobbles aad all the aeeaae that asset
appeal to eae t t i t «
Oar llae of Kodaks aad supplies has
never been more complete. I t »
TORRENCE, The Jeweler.