North Carolina Newspapers

TRENCH lEj|j3Npjfi^e4 *?o?k?y ?t tha National Cam ValUtflal ?l MS \ JOHN ' TKW Ckilfp w Adalwy B?w. i ' aaA Ideation 9*** BHWtarp. AUteandrla. La Now C QM? Bwrk. fort Warth. Tuu Port i MjHram'Aviation Ft aid. Arcadia, Ft a. Tamp< ^01 ^Stor. BaXtla'ci-aek. Mich Battla tESp Dpnlpka^^r ^Slll" <?kia. .. .. .OKIah Cp>? porreefc, Chkkamauia. Oa Chatti gP?auat. Palo Alto. Cal Ban F MMilil. Port Rilrv. Kan Topak S*u*P Owdoa. Atlanta. Oa Atlanl <fcmp Oeaot. RookA.ro 111 The c OWMp Qrooaa. Cfcatlotte. N. C, CharW OamA Hancaek. Aaruata. Oa Aueua Jackaoa, Columbia. B. C Colum (yl Jobnataa, Jacksonville. Fla Jack* camp Kaamy. T.lndn viata. Cai Zx>a a U*.)P?t?nbwrv, Va Rtchm tJWHP l4vta, Tacoma. Wuh Tacorc OMW Ugan, Houston. Tax Houst CkSAp MoArtbur. Waco. Tex w?/.? QMO# M*Cl?llan. AnnUton. Ala ? Blrmli koPhera* and Camp Jeaaup. / 4Uuta. Qa..... J Allan! en? Meade. Admiral, Md Waah. Camp Pike. Little Rock. Ark Arkan Camp Sevier. Qreenevllle, B. C Qrrtm Camp Shelby. Hattleaburr. Mlae New ( Camp Sheridan. Montgomery. Ala Montg Camp Sachary Taylor. Louisville. Ky..Lx>ulsi '?mp Travla. Ban Antonio. Tes ) _ . KPMy PMd and Camp Stanley. : \ *** A Camp Upton. Taphank. L. L. N. T New 1 Camp Wheeler. Macon. Oa Macon *j Charleeton Naval Station Charh Parte Inland (S. C.> Marine Station Charh PpPalo^MlHtary District. embracing j Buaai Pabllahed under the aueplcea of the Nat Wmm* statee, with the co-operation of the . ~ THANKSG It a a very different Thanksgiving | DW from that of a year ago. Than America waa merely mobilizing bar forces. She had heard of the flrat casualties on land; her armies am beginning to take form. Bat peace ama far from view. It seemed a* if there must be years of battering againet a heavy wall of highly organised aaSHtarism. Prussian propaganda had 4oat its Worst and had convinced soma of the faint-hearted that it waa iltvlai fftle. The weekly casualty Hats of the British Empire were looked upeat as aagutlua of what might be expected bare. In maaj homes there were giave miegivkags. But still there waa a note of triumph. America had foemd her eooL America waa in. Her self-respect was ladtmaaaj. and while fond parents gave their ecru to the great cause with many misgivings, they still felt that thgr hired the glory of the moment. This year it is not merely ThanksRviu Day for ike awakening of a iHna. It is Thspksglilng Day for mlteflry triumphs wo scarcely dared to hops lor, for a collapse of the enemy that has coma with a surprising rapidity. On this Thanksgiving Day we are able to rejoice not merely for spiritaal awakening; not merely for success in arms; bat becease the effort we have spent spells en early return to |malUMles industries; to family reunions, and to dwelling in the security of a guaranteed peace. War to-day is thfe greatest industry in the world. Soon there is to be a isiuiu to something like the old normal. It will not be quite like the old. Thraaagh necessity ws have learned that ws ars capable of a great el production than ws ever dreamed ere were capable of. Ws have learned through bong compelled to do without, that SED While Italy was celebrating the fact that there was no longer an Italia Irredenta, sad while the world was Just beginning to comprehend the scale of the Austrian debacle, came news of the capture of Sedan by a part of the American First Army. "Italia Irredenta" had been a rallying: cry. It had welded the whole Italian people into a unity that no re-1 verse could disrupt. One of the major ; disasters of the war came upon the oewtiso TH?? ssusslm* i iuuu?a> ? ? *. j ava^gwilfU uuu?> the blow; but they came back with i greater strength than ever. "Sedan" had been a word of reproach to the French. It was at Sedan that Marshal MacMahon surrendered. It was at Sedan that Napoleon III became a prisoner and it was because of Sedan that the power of the Empire of Germany increased till she could plunge the world into carnage. The word Sedan came to be spoken in whispers. When defeat impended, the French visualised another Sedan. When victory seemed possible, they I hardly dared to hope that it might assume the proportions of another Sedan. On the day when plenipotentiaries of Germany were on their way under the protection of white flags to the j meeting place designated by Marshal Foch,tt ere to discuss armistice terms. ' h >: uiM! fc- M I. -.... /,.. & CAMP i an# CMtoBiMd Ik ttM MhtMni M tht ?35?'*h?M ?k City ART BRIAN V.,-1 ot CB tmalW PoMltlMn 1 jL-V New-paper )rleana Tim** Plcaymee D. IX MMfi IVorlh Star T?l??r*m Amen C. dltK t Time* D. 1 Mffir ?o Herald . . H. IX Slater > Creek Bnquirer-Newe A. L. Miller ? Olobe Charles H. Taylor. J*. >n Time* . James Keraey oma City Ok 1 ah o man ......E. K. Qeylord inooKa (Tenn > Times H. G. AAler raaelsco Bulletin. H. A. Crotkers e State Journal Frank P. WenT stmau a Constitution Clark Howell 'hlcaffo Dally News Victor F. Lawson ?tte Observer... W. B. Sullivan ta Herald Bowdre Phlnlry bla State W. W. Ball mvltle Tlnie?-Unlon W. A. Blltott njc lea Times Harry Chandler iond News L*a??r John Stewart Bryan is Tribune F. I. Baker >11 Poet...s Roy Q. Watson Morning News Charlafc E. Marsh ifhatu (Ala.) News Victor 1JL Hansen a Journal J. 8. Cohen (D. C.) Evening Star Fleming Nfewbold aas Democrat Elmer E. Clarke ivUle Dally News B. H. Peace >rleans Item James M. Thomson ornery Advertiser C. H. Allen Ule Courle.- Journal Robert W. Bingham ntonlo Light Charles s. Dlehl rerk World Don C. Salts i Telegraph w. T. Anderson ton News and Courier R. C. StegUag ?eton Post T. R. Waring lo Evening News Edward H. Butler lonal War Work Council. Y M. C. A. of the above named publishers end pap era IVING DAY we are able to achieve things that we once left to others. The superiority that we hare achieved In what to us are new industries will bring about s new necessity ?the nations that formerly found so large* a market here for the things we now manufacture will have to do pioneer work. Their efforts must turn towards new industries, new inventions, new markets. Commercially, we have rained a great deal through I being made independent of others. But there is another side to the picture. We have learned more of the brotherhood of man than we dreamed | we could learn in so short a time. The | armies of the Allied nations have been fighting in a common cause, bound by ties of common ideals and common aspirations. Their sacrifices and ours have brought us all more closely together, hare broadened our viewpoints, have somehow made the world a better piece to live in. While we have been learning and achieving economic independence, we have been learning that there is an | tnteraepenaence, too. The decent peoples of the world have very much in common. The decent peoples of the world have shown that when the things they hold in common are in jeopardy, they can bleed together. We have paid a terrible price in blood?yet c ur sacrifices are small compared with those of our devoted allies. And as we come to the Thanksgiving; Day, we realize it Is to be the threshold of a new era. We are very close to what Tennyson foresaw in Lockealey Hall?the Parliament of Man, the Federation of tha World Without doubt it is the finest Thanksgiving Day "since the Pilgrims at Plymouth first raised their voices in praise to God, for having suffered and been able to see the enlarging horizon of real freedom. AN the American First Army crowned its J tremendous achievements of the preceding three months by winning back for France the city of the forbidden ] name. There was no fortress at Sedan I when the American First Army pressed towards the city. There was i a strong garrison and the Germans J had made elaborate plans to defend the place. -The German military authorities have a keen appreciation of moral values and they did not fail to I | appraise the moral effect of the re-1 capture of Sedan. I The disgrace of the defeat of fortyeight year* ago would be wiped out. I Sedan would become a name to conjure with, instead of a name to avoid. Six days before the city fell to the Americans, they Were forty kilometres away; and that meant forty kilometres of stubborn resistance. In the lead was the Rainbow Division, one of the first American divisional units to come to grips with the enemy. It was a battle-tried division, composed of troops from States all over the Union, and deriving its name j from that fact. It was a typically American divi- j | sion. When it met stubborn resistance I it developed a stiffened attack. For sentimental reasons it seems I almost a pity that troops of the Tri' Color did not reoccupy the city. But I I J \' -v ^ 2 8r Y - * ^ GianKT/ ? ft |a nK.X r ? v: y f T J 1 .. I l-i c. IDraV^ y |?" _ up#n 11 >r? r Xhct ? wji ~~3fr~ 'd b ii Boil f Who de.liQbt*J. in Bvw'iftg ^ ~~ Oi/t h i * mf >1 ? Out out. ,'? <^*y-T"he Loo*( 0o???l^ C.A Uc<* UP- ' ' if". aftg? ' ir p*,% i M France came to the succor of I America in her days of trial and test- i ing, so America went to the succor i Of France in her great need. The col- 1 ore in the national flag of France are j the colors in the Star Spangled Ban- 1 net. The same colors compose the , Union Jack of England. 1 * It matters little which of those three > DISCIPLINE IN THE "We didn't believe the Americans could develop such soldiers in "five years.'* This is the tribute paid by a captured German field officer to the American First Army after encountering it between the Ar|onne and the Mease. "The artillery and infantry work of your First Army was worthy of the beet armies in the world," he went on. A confidential document signed by the chief intelligence officer of the Nineteenth German Army was captured by Americans fighting on the I British front. It discusses particularly the qualities of the American divisions engaged in the St. Mihiel attack, and speaks of them in terms of high praise. Here are some excerpts from it: "The American is expert in handling machine guns, is firm on the defensive and develops a strong power of resistance from his very numerous machine guns." "Liaison between the infantry and artillery was perfect. When infantry ran into machine gun nests, it immediately fell back and a new artillery preparation from accompanying bati teries followed very promptly." Contrast these statements with the j expressed German opinion when America first entered the war to the efI feet that America, not being a military people, could not produce an effective | army in time to be of any consequence i I in the European war. Such an opinion was the result of the German conviction that discipline, the fundamental of military effectiveness, could not be obtained readily in > the American Army. Germany had been 40 years building up the discipline that made her army in effective military machine and ahe could not see how America could accomplish the result in much less. Americans notoriously are undisciplined, not an obedient people, not adaptable to that scheme of taking orders that the clocklike demands of military operations make necessary. But here we have high German testimony to the effect that the American array has accomplished the impossible ! ' Discipline has been achieved In the American Army. It is a discipline that has won the openly expressed adno bar: Because certmin educational require-, ments were outlined when the Stu-| dents' Array Training Corps was ordganixed, some disgruhtled men caused to be circulated a report that the American army was not to be a democratic army. They caused to be distributed some printed matter in which the aims and purposes of the S. A. T. . C. were attacked. One particularly vitriolic passage was as follows: "A sinister system seems to be maturing in America, the fall fruitage of which may spell disaster to the morale of the porkers at home and their* fighting sons abroad. Its formula seems to be: "The sons of the fortunate to training camps or college to achieve commissions. CHAFF?frc j EVERY little I ONCE in a while | SOME person grinds out j AN order which states ALL dogs will be DONE away with? TAKEN out and killed. AND soldiers rope the KINDLY little creatures AND take them where FRIENDS will guard them. PERHAPS there are SANITARY reasons; NO doubt dogs ooiwumi' A certain amount of FOOD. OFTEN the dignity, POMP and CIRCUMSTANCE of a PERFECTLY good "PASS IN REVIEW" IS desecrated by a CUR who trota ahead OF the regimental BAND, tongue ont, GRINNING with delight, ONLY to halt and HOWL his passionate APPROVAL of THINGS In general. HE may oven I The DriCT Afi' ... 2,1 o>? TK? 3?f f Frtfcil?| / KENCH AND CAM 4. Allies on the West Front was the immediate cause of giving to Sedan its new significance. In this struggle they are embutttled as one fop- all and ill for one. The whole world is thrilled because of the achievement of America's First Army. All the friends of France rejoice?and that means all decent pepples. AMERICAN ARMY miration of our Allies, eg well as the grudging praiae of the Germans. Without it there could not have been that long list of American successes beginning with Chateau-Thierry and continuing down tb this date. But it is not the German brand of discipline. German discipline is typified by the Prussian officer driving his men forward at the point of a pistol; American discipline by the American officer LEADING THEM forward with the words, "Come on!" Discipline, as defined by Colonel Applin, of the British General Sufi, in his splendid lecture on the subject, is "instant and willing obedience to all orders, and in the absence of orders, to what you believe the order would have been." It is acquired only by training; hard, continued and wearing training that produces a mental alertness to orders so keen that the physical reaction is automatic. It is true that Americans, and especially young Americans, are not an obedient people. German officers, and perhaps some others, did not believe they could be made obedient for military purposes. The vision of these was narrow, confined by the instinctive belief that there is no discipline save that of force. It did not take account of tht fact that democracies give the lie to'that belief. Discipline has been achieved in the American Array by applying common Bense and a knowledge of the human material that was welded into a military organism. The Hun obeys orders because he fears to disobey. The American soldier obeys orders because he khows that he must do so to '^>lay the game" effectively. Every American knows the necessity for "team play" in football, baseball or any other activity where men in numbers are employed. Team play is but another name for discipline. When this idea is implanted in the youdg soldier's mind the great handicap predicted by the Germans and the advocates of the Prussian system disappears. To play the game effectively, to excel in whatever he undertakes, to take pride in his excellence and adeptness?all these are characteristics of the American. Akid they are all aids to rather than handicaps of discipline, when given a chance to develop. RIERS "The sons of the workers to the hardships of the ranks to stay there?uninspired; perforce unaspiring." % It is stated that the purpose of this propaganda is to "support resolutions proposing universal promotion from tne ranks for the American army by democratic test." There are no barriers to promotion. The very test that is urged?"Knowledge imparted by the graded public schools and practical skill in field and battle duties of the soldier," is ths test applied in the 8. A. T. C. Anyone eighteen years old with a public high school graduation was eligible from the first. Promotion must be offered to all* but modern warfare demands a highly technical knowledge. )M WILD oXTS SQUAT before the COLONEL, there to GIVE voice to his PERSONAL opinion of THE bond, or to jay. IN dog language, "THE buglers are SOUR, this evening!" THIS is not at all the CORRECT thing for ARMY hounds to do. RUT *L 'L w i r c x jvmetntni/ APPEALING in the HAPPY manner all thr COMPANY dogs greet a HIKE. They romp alon>/. FRIENDLY with every ONE, regardless of RANK. They are full of LOYALTY, bark at civilians. SCRATCH fleas, put on FIGHTS zvith rival REGIMENTAL hounds, stand INSPECTIONS with solemn MIEN, and haven't a complaint OR kick in the wide world. THEY would go Over the Top IF their friends started? ALL they ask is a word of APPROVAL. If ever I'm APPOINTED an official DOG-KILLER, my gun is sure LIABLE to jam. and stax jammed! P? y |' \ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ikri c,J: I 4 if ^ p j RECLAMATION AND CONSTRUCTION | Victory! Yen. victory la oura. Pros purity, freedom. and the hupplness of mankind are assured for time ternal. Even though wc have won our fight, a till, wo are by no moans through, for wo must continue to fulfill our tremendous task of providing food not only for ourselves and our allies ! (which number approximately 130 , ! millions), but also we must provide j for our conquered enemies and the j unfortunates of war torn Russia. Now. j with these added obligations, more j than ever before, we must save and ! conserve all possible; not only must we save food, but fabrics, metals, leather, and. In short, everything that we use, in order that* the tremendous drain may be lessened on our resources of raw materials. Though our saving and conserving of everything possible play u most vital part In these critical times, yet the reclaiming and bringing back to u state of usefulness, articles that were heretofore clussed us Junk. \Vuste and refuse, must be given great consideration, as the saving of these adds to our re iwuiu-3 twin ueips conserve our siock of raw material. , The'salvage division of the U. S. I uriiiy is doing wonderful work along ! this line. Three months ago Captain ' Darnell. I.jud of the salvage division, j which is a branch formerly known as i the conservation and reclamation dej partment, stood and gazed at a moun(tain of what appeared to be "Junk;" this was the so-called waste material ut Camp Greene. Thousands of articles, made of j either brass, iron, copper, zlnck, lead, steel, glass, rubber, leather, rope, ; wool, cotton, or paper, were in this j pile, and there was a market value I for every ounce of the 196 distinct types and grades of the various materials originally used in the manufacture of these articles. Captain Darnell started in to get the value and he did get it. The details of this tremendous Job of classifying each article were given to Lieut. Stienfleld who is in charge of the salvage warehouse, and the results proved to be most satisfactory. The gross weight of this Junk was 190,678 pounds, and this meant the classifying of some 196 separate and distinct articles, which, when they were put on the market again, yielded ja revenue of $1,297.93. Certainly j great credit is due the salvage AivlI sion for this work. 1 Though the actual saving and conserving of every article the army uses is most vital and important, yet the I reclaiming of them is equally so, as 1 the "bringing back to life" of, say, I scrap iron to be used again in various, forms. saves not only time, money, I And labor, but also the iron ore still I in the mines. The same is true of 'waste paper, which is made into card! board and wrapping paper, and thus ; relieves me existing shortage of raw ; material. Wool scraps are made Into | a fabric' known as "shoddy," which 'saves our supply of new wool; rope j comes back to us In the form of tlsi sue paper; tin cans are made Into | window sash weights, which save our I Iron; and so on goes the endless chain. ! Keep this chain endless'by continuing I to Save! Save! Save! i Tn this Important work of salvag| lng, even tho garbage is utilized and ' has proved to be a valuable asset. This } comes under thrf supervision of Lieut. | Levy. For example, over a period covering 18 days there was 180.887 pounds of garbage collected, which yielded 20,000 pounds of bones and 4,890 pounds of grease. The bones are ground to a powder and used for fertilizer, the grease Is made Into soap and the refuse of the garbage Is sold as hog feed. Even the empty oil barrels. which were heretofore thrown away, are now salvaged and sold for an appreciable sum, 350 of them netting approximately $1,000. Cots, also. I apparently unfit for use are thoroughly j cleansed and repaired and reissued practically as good as new. During i ! I ir x^cllHOU. If pAMOUFLA fare, is mere '{? Ctudio training. !*: War took the i it; it means an actoi was the woodcraft Though tho Ti | 0 camouflage, in res i"3 of the American tg; the first pale-face < W: There is no car ' 1 '.Hi11 ^ iu.. !| j | |?ji The black of fai I cross-barred treat the massive, genet ;.V. A ? . * -? ;>* ] .?.rc part ot tl VALUE Goodrich CORDS and BU i'ji.Ui.n.v SERVICE V your car and < ?' ^aso''nc"s I I tiif tnm ' 4 i.fc J ClT I ;.. Cw.4*\.)& *\?r J<f4ftVia to? / v *___ ? , the past month the salvage division ha* lecialmed on. an average of some I 200 cots a day. Don't let up! Keep | on saving! SALVAGE DIVISION. Robert H. Sharp, t\ S. Army, i THANKSGIVING RELAY RACE OF SOLDIERS CALLED OFF | On account of the lack of entries and the absence of the camp physical j director, the relay race for soldiers, ? planned for Thanksgiving day, has I been called off. It was announced | officially today at camp headquarters j I that this race would not be held and i In the meantime the football game j arranged between the Remount and i the Camp Personnel teams has taken I Its place. ! * Whipple-Christopher Nuptials. I Lieutenant Harry Whipple, of Camp I Greene, and Miss M&zle Christopher, I of Kannapolls, were quietly married in Norfolk last Sunday. The ceremony was performed by the pastor I of the First Methodist church of | Norfolk. t Mrs. Whipple has been secretary I to the commandant for the navy overI seas transportation branch and Is en| listed In that branch of the service. Mrs. Whipplo's relatives live at ! Kannapolls. She spent lasl summer In . Charlotte, making her home at the Churchill apartments. Lieutenant Whipple is one of the officers of base hospital 147. His : home Is In San Franclsoo. During the time that Lieutenant Whipple has been stationed at Camp Greene he has won many friends in tho city as well as at the camp. Lieutenant and Mrs. Whipple arj rived In the city Monday. . MY MOTHER. By Mary R. llolman. Who 'lovingly through childhood led; Who soothed my little aching head, Arid put me In my trundle bed, When "Now I lay me down." was , said? My Mother. . Whose love goes with me every- . where; I'm followed dally by her prayer. I In every joy she has a share. And in each sorrow always there? My Mother. And when this stormy life Is o'er. And all the heart-aches are no more, She's waiting on the other shore To greet me as In days of yore: My Mother. WA.B. A." Cheque, andiest "travel a loney." They can iter the rightful o? reigned ^thec^ an he^Allie e^and^neu lonvenient denom 520, $50 and $100n a neat, handy p rour bank is not p bankers Trust Com] "A R A " ^ " n. AmocI imssBKm^xemsmsssgs^. >T_ IN THE' LONG ? ii HI i im -*** - ,f i, 111111 hi ' GE, the newest thing in warily Indian warfare with an art vord from tho French stage? r's make-up?but the model : warfare of the Redskin , rojan ljorse might be termed ility the Quaker wooden gun Revolution and Civil War is camouflage. nouflagc to? RICH t IIKfcS _ nous black tread rubber?the i pattern, a true non-skid? -ous size, all? lie grand total, the SERVICE builds into SILVERTOWN StCK SAFE7Y TREADS. ALUE is the value of tires on >n the road, in the maximum aving economy, easy-riding ndability and durability. RVICE VALUE TIRES. . Goodrich Rubber Co. I- /-V.V* .1"* * ,r*'. v..' V. :< - * ? Isj&t&iiiA ^OF <5oodrich__akrop 1 I wplii' . V /] TO PREACH THANKSCIVINQ SERMONS AT Y. M. C. A. HUTS * < ? I Announcement was made that It Is planned to hold Thanksgiving services In every Y. M. C. A. hut in Camp Qreene Thursday night. A special ' i program Is being arranged for thg occasion of music, and good talke are*' J being planned by those In oharge. Jt Camp General Secretary J. T. Man- > ' JH gum, who will soon go overseas, (MIL,*-./ ?1 that "if there ever was a time I wanted to preach a Thanksgiving ' '! sermon It Is this year," and he Is anxious to see that every Y. M. C. A. . 1 hut catch the spirit of the occasion. v?; tj 3?5jjp^ .1 MASONIC RECEPTION. t 5} Thursday evening all the Masons V^.' of CaitlD Greene and their wlv?? la-'* ters or friends are invited to attend a Thanksgiving program to be given at Masonic temple. Especially is \ g this invitation given to Knights Tfemplar of the camp along with other Masons in the camp to be at I gathering. It Is to be a red letter . day for the members of the order Camp Greene and a personal lavt~ \ tatlon was. extended Tuesday night \ at the Camp Masonic club through }ii the courtesy of tho Charlotte lodges. DON'T KNOCK. If you want to belong to the klnd-^ of a company. It Like tho kind of a company you like, 'si You needn't pack your barracks bag, And start on a long, long hike. For you will only find what you left behind. For there Is nothing that's really new It's a knock at yourself. When you knock your company. It's not your company. It's You.. R. CONRAN, . Co. 7, Recruit Camp 4. TRENCH AND CAMP NASKS A FAVOR Any reader of this paper who can secure a copy of Trench and Camp (v j'/i rl dated February 11. 1918, Vol. 1, No. 19,x will confer a favor upon the Y. M. C. A. by notifying the editor. This number Is missing from the file of u this office. Atlanta and New York. -1 Please advise at once. Through the courtesy of Mrs. Plr- 7 ney all members of the Y. M. C. A. * ;, I staff are invited to attend a Thanksgiving dinner at the hostess house. 'Vf.? -' nd emergency . ;'? ?{ ^ | i be used only ' '-H^'"? \ mer has count- 4/ ' d they are ac- ff^Mw >&2\ all countries of ^pjjj^^V v . \V? trals to pay for fll ^,i,ij^w yVJl ... v' u "Hrey are of ;9^f \ nu 1 inations? $10, M ? ;* W ?iJ9 -and are issued \\\:^*' :/ ^'iff " T ? ocket case. If a/f *V -V repared to sell \vjy jues, apply to pany.NewYork. ic?n /^1 sl Cheques 1 wlffi' [ emimh i ' \H6 I - ' lHlinYwar^ vMjj I WW? ' 1> Ttr*B^ /** * ^*OHYO^:^V*.> ^7 i' .