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By ELMO 8COTT WATSON
S THE researches of out
historians continue to make
I clearer an understanding of
V | tlie Kevolntionary struggle
which was fast approach
ing its climax in 1777, Just
a hundred and fifty years
ago, more and more are
some of the lesser figures
in that conflict coming into the lime
light and looming up as of outstanding
importance in the outcome of the fight
for liberty. Particularly is this true
of Gen. Henry Knox and Gen. Na
thanael Greene whose right to fame
lias for so long been overshadowed
by the all-important name of Washing
ton. So it is gratifying to know thut
at last deserved, though tardy, honors
are being paid to both men.
A short time ago a group of distin
guished military men and civilians
gathered before the equestrian statue
of General Greene erected in Washing
ton, and there on the one hundred and
eighty-third anniversary of his birth
paid homage to his memory. Now
comes word that a memorial to Gen
eral Knox is assured by recent gifts
to a fund which has been raised for
the purpose of erecting reproduction
of Montpelier, the Knox family home
in Thomaston, Maine. This recon
structed mansion will be used as a
repository for the historical and ar
tistic treasures which were formerly
in the Knox home and as a museum
for ltevolutionary relics, so that it will
be not only a symbor of Maine’s pride
in one of her distinguished sons but
a patriotic national shrine, as well.
The ltevolutionary careers of Henry
Knox and Nathanael Greene present
one of those curious paradoxes of fate
which calls a man from a simple
civilian pursuit and brings out in him
an unsuspected military genius. Un
like Washington, Putnam, Morgan,
Stark and other prominent leaders,
neither Knox nor Greene had had pre
vious experience In war. But when
tiie struggle for liberty opened these
two New Englanders, Knox, the book
seller in Cornhiil, Boston, and Greene,
tlie Itliode Island blacksmith, plunged
into it at once and their natural ability
noon brought them into prominence.
No sooner had Washington taken
command of the Continental army and
besieged the British army lu Boston
than be appointed Knox commander of
the artillery. Knox immediately went
to Ticonderogu, where there were
many cunnon, and a little later the
army saw him ride into camp at the
bead of 42 sleds, drawn by oxen,
loaded with cannon, powder and balls
with which to batter down the walls
of Boston around tlie ears of the red
coats. He became one of Washing
ton's most beloved oflicers and as chief
of artillery was his right hand man
through uli Ills campaigns. He went
on tliat Christinas night march to
Trenton and his cunnun roared trl
nmpliaiitly at tlie surprise attack on
Hie Hessians in salute to one of Wash
ing! on's greatest victories.
At the battle of Princeton It
was Knox’s cannon that swept the
bridge over which Cornwallis sought
in vain to hurl his soldiers
against the Continental forces and
sent them reeling back in defeat,
dtr was at Brandywine and at Ger
mantown, and in the darkest days of
Valley Forge Jt was Knox’s cannon
which stood guard over the camp of
iLi/x
/jvnax:
freezing, starving men to prevent a
surprise attack. His guns played an
important part, too, at Yorktown, for
it was their ceaseless battering of the
British defenses that brought about
the surrender of Cornwallis and the
end of the war.
When Washington became President
Knox was given the dual portfolio of
secretary of war and navy and when.
Ills cabinet services ended, he retired
to Thomaston, Me., where he built
^Montpelier in which to spend his de
clining years. He died in 1806 and
was buried on the highlands overlook
ing the Georges river. For awhile
Montpelier served as the home of his
family. Then it passed into other
hands and soon, became but a shell of
its former glory. Eventually it wa3
torn down and its^ site occupied by
business buildings. Now it is to be
restored on a plot on Main street
which was purchased by the General
Knox chapter of the D. A. It. and a
recent gift of $50,000 by Cyrus H. K.
Curtis, the Philadelphia publisher and
a former resident of Thomaston, guar
antees the completion of the project
to make the new Montpelier a per
manent memorial to Washington’s
right hand ‘man and America’s first
secretary of war.
The career of Nathanael Greene is
even ryore remarkable than tbnt of
Knox. His campaign in the Carolines
has been compared—and not unfa
vorably—to Washington's Trenton and
Princeton campaign, and he has been
called “after Washington—and not far
after him—the ablest tactician, the
| most brilliant strategist and the great
est fighter of the Revolution, the man
who could lose a battle and win a
campaign.”
Greene was the son of a Quaker
preacher and he scandalized Ms
brethren of that faith by being among
the first to advocate forcible, resist
ance to the British king. Although he
was self-educated, he was elected a
member of the Rhode Island assembly
In 1770 at the age of twenty-eight. At
the outbreak of the war he enlisted as
a private in the Rhode Island troops
'but his rise was so rapid that he soon
found himself a major general and he
was never outjpf the service until the
end of the war.
Greene fought In every battle, ex
cept one, in which Washington com
manded until he was sent South In
1780. Although be performed bril
liantly as a subordinate under the
great commander in many of these en
gagements, tt was not until he tcoh
charge of the Continental forces la
South Carolina that be had an oppor
tunity to display the military genius
s&ttjaprotfz&r
that entitles him to rahk not only with
the great daring the Revolution but
with the great captains of all time.
The situation that faced Greene
when he took charge in the South was
one which might well have daunted
any commander. The British had over- j
run Georgia and South Carolina and.
with Lord Cornwallis in command. It .
seemed as though the provinces south j
of Virginia had been finally won back !
to the crown. Greene lacked sufficient
men, he lacked money and all other
necessities for carrying: on war. But i
he had no sooner taken command than 1
he launched an aggressive campaign j
which soon had Cornwallis worried
and as time went on the Briton found
even more to worry about.
A whole volume could be written |
about this campaign and the way In j
which Greene, naturally impetuous and
dashing, became the Incarnation of
caution and resourcefulness in using
his meager forces to the best ad
vantage. He outmarched, outmaneu
vered, outguessed and outwitted the
British leader repeatedly. He lost bat
tles, it Is true, but the final result was
what counted and tn that final result
Greene was victorious. Cornwallis,
after failing to corner Greene, was
forced to retreat to Yorktown. There
he lay while Washington prepared to
hurl his army llke?a thunderbolt from
the north and Washington's deception
of Sir Henry Clinton, the British com
mander In New tork, and his rapid
march south to crush Cornwallis was
a fitting dimax to -the events of
Greene's campaign.
Just how Important was the con
tribution of this Rhode Islander to the
winning of Amerlctm independence has
been revealed within the past year
through resea rcheadhto his papers and
letters which hatorjieeh acquired by the
William L. Clements library at the
University of Michigan. "These pa
pers place Greeaeitn his proper posi
tion as the organiser at victory In the
Revolution," says Randolph G. Adams,
custodian of the 1 fin-ary. "Without his
services the cause of liberty might not
have survive*" f
At the close of the war Greene re
turned to Itho4a Island, where
he was given many honors. In
1786 he retired* to a large es
tate granted to Mm by? the legisla
ture of Georgia and there he died the
following, year. j*btr Rhode Island,
which gave him to the nation, claimed
him at last. In recent years his body
was brought back from Georgia and
reinterred in his native SOIL Rhode
Island also bought
stead at Coventry and keeps It as a
memorial to bar
<©. 1 %tl. Wwn Newspaper Oak*.*
Life I* « ch.lleove snail* few*
Are rlcld onee and a Bern;
The splendid Joy of real apoUnae
Each man must nohl# earn
ft makes us win U* Jewels rare.
But gives ue paste. If We’re unfair.
.> —Ed»ar Guest
EVERYDAY GOOD 1 lOSO*
When one has a email >»mtly and
» recipe nuikes too much »..» comb* J
' before spo I Wag, this
dozen doughnjt recipe
will be weiconH : „•
'v Doughnuts. — C re t m *
two tablespbonfuls of
shortening with one-half.
cugfpl of sugar, add one
beaten egg, three cupfuls
of flour sifted with, three
teaspoonfuls of baking
powder and one-half cup
ful of milk. Set out. to
chill, then roll one-half Inch thick and
cut with a large cutter. , -
Mock Mince Ple^-Take one cupful
of bread crumbs, one cupful of raisins,
one cupful of sugar, one cupful of
cranberries cut Into halves, one salt ,
spoonful each of cinnamon, clovqp, all
spice and nutmeg, one cupfuUpf hot
water, one-half cupful of vinegar, and
one tablespoonful of butter. Turn
Into a tin lined with flaky crust and
bake with a top crust
Pumpkin Pie.—Beat two eggs, add
one-half cupful of sugar, a cupful of
thick, well browned pumpkin, a pint
of rich milk, onedmlf teaspoonfnl each
of salt and ginger, a few drops of
lemon extract and a dash of nutmeg,
cinnamon und cloves. Bake In a mod
erate oven an hour.
Indian Pudding. — Measure two
quarts of milk, two-thirds of a cupful
of corn meal, one cupful of sugar, one
teaspoonful of salt, one cupful of
raisins, one cupful of finely chopped
suet, nutmeg, cinnamon and two table
spoonfuls of flour. Scald one quart
of the milk, add the corn meal mixed
with a little cold milk and cook until
smooth. Add the rest oi the Ingredi
ents, beating the egg and pour Into
a deep earthenware bowl. Sprinkle
the top with the flour; the suet will
come to the top and form a beautiful
brown crust when It Is baked. Stir
several times during the first hour of
cooking.
Something Different •
Those who enjoy sweet potatoes will
Ukb this combination: Pry rounds of
sweet potato and
appie ami serve u
round of apple on
each round of po
tato.
Baked H a m.—
Cut off the surplba
fat from the outer
part of a thick cen
ter cut or nun ana
chop it fine—sprinkle it over the top
of the ham. Cover with quartered
apples—any good baking apple—
sprinkle with a half cupful or more
of brown sugar and bake as usual.
Raspberry Laeto.—Take one quart
of buttermilk, one and one-balf cup
fuls of sugar, one-fourth of a cupful
of raspberry sirup and one egg. Sep
arate the yotk and white of the egg
and beat separately, mix and freeze;
when liaif frozen add the Juice of one
lemon.
Ice Box Pudding.—Take one pound
of vanilla wafers, one can of pineap
ple (a large can), one cupful of nut
meats, one-half pound of butter and
four eggs. Cream the butter, add the
sugar and one egg at a time until all
are well blended. Put the nutmeats
and wafers through the meat grinder.
Prepare In layers and set la the Ice
chest for twelve hours. '
Koumiss.—Take one quart of milk,
one and one-half tablespoon fills of
sugar, one-fourth of a yeast cake, and
one tablespoonful of warm water to
dissolve the yeast. Beat the milk to
lukewarm, add the sugar end dis
solved yeast cake. Pill sterilized bot
tles to within two Inches of the. top,
cork and shake. Invert bottles end
keep them In a warm room for ten
hours, then put in a cool place: Let
stand In a cool piece two days, shak
ing occasionally, then it is ready to
use; Do not make more than is used
at once as it does not keep longer
than three days. This fermented milk
la used In cases of extreme nausea,
where food has not been retained In
several weeks; it Is also given whereh
nourishment is-needed in such form
and plain milk Is not ogtcoifrle.
Spiced Drop Cooklea—Take one
half cupful each of white end brown
sugar, three-fourths, of a -cupful of
lard and butter mixed, two and one
half cupfuls of flour, two eggs, one
teaspoonful of soda, one teaspoonful
of baking powder, one cupful of
raisins and qne-half cupful of boiling
water. Makes two dozen Urge cookies.
Bmp from a teaspoon on buttered
!
i
... , I. ■■
tmpared w
uents,
of son lute not
bearing but
the"
become*
of the bureau of soils of
.States Department, of
co-operate with those of the t
public roads la Investigations i&gtocaUr
ties having peculiar soil conditions to
throw light on problems In highway
engineering.
It hasj>een shown, for Instance, that
the day solla In the eastern part of
Texas and In the Piedmont region pos
sess the properties Indicated by a low
ratio of silica to Iron-plus alumina,
and are probably the best to meet the
requirements of good highway sob
grade material. In southeastern Ohio,
again, it was found that hillside slip
ping of masses of soil and subsoil ma
terial in the extensive area of Upshur
soils of that region had completely de
molished sections of recently laid con
crete roads. Similar destructive slid
ing connected with' this type of soil
has occurred In southwestern Penn
sylvania. The program-seems to be
one that will require serious attention
from hlghway engineers. Another ex
ample of the co-operation between soli
and road experts is the Black Waxy
belt of Texas, where, In the opinion of
the soil expert, the black day of the
region Is not the best material upon
which to lay hard surfacing. It tends
to swell and shrink according to ex-,
tremes of moisture. Other available
road material Is advised for use in the
subgrader
Improved Highways Are
" Big Aid to the Fanner
Much has been written regarding
the value of good roads to the farmer.
Tax authorities have made elaborate
statements as to cost of state high
ways to the rurallst and the ad
vantages he gains in living adjacent
to good roads.'. But these were mostly
estimates with frail foundations and it
was not until Jpst recently that definite
figures could be secured to prove the
claims. And in this the' newly de
veloped roadside market appears to
be the greatest contribution.
We are told that farm produce to
the "value of more than $2,116,000 a
month is now sold direct to motorists
from roadside booths and counters In
the rural districts of the United
States. This new market which lends
Itself extremely well to the disposal
of second-grade products, or fruits
and vegetable/ too ripe for distant
shipping, has grown to an unusual
business of $25,000,000 for the farm
ers fortunate enough to live along
popular highways. This figure, It is
stated, Includes only the produce pur
chased direct from the small truck
growers. The sale of fresh eggs,'milk
and butter to urban residents who
drive to the farm, It is felt, would
easily bring the figure to approxi
mately $50,000,000 annually.
Indiana, it Is claimed, possesses
more miles of Improved roads than
any state in the Union. For this we
are grateful, for good roads carry
many benefits to the farmer, and when
the costs can be justly distributed, In
diana agriculture Is highly In favor of
keeping up our reputation as a good
roads state.—Indiana Farmer’s Guide.
Enormous Road Building
Helps Develop Country
One of the countless direct resqjtS
-of the great development of the auto
mobile industry Is the enormous road
building program for the expenditure
of $1,000,000,000 a years to say noth
ing of the enormous upbuilding of all
suburban communities. In many
American cities, so building record*
Show, suburban construction Is larger
than In the urban district itself. This
development is looked upon as the di
rect result of the automobile and
makes this invention probably,, the
most Important factor, both from, an
economic and - social standpoint, la
modern life.
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