. V, AILY VOULXII 116 TlM WMthcr: tUK NEW BERN, N. C, WEDNESDAY MORNING. JUNE 18, 1913 THREE CENTS PER fflfir Y ft tv ' s--.;. s-.l it mm to solve PROBLEMS Uncle Sam Putting On A Campaign For the Orfanlxation Of Farmers TO REDUCE COST OF LIVING This Is Ultimate End of New Ven ture More Rural Sanita tion to Be Urged. Washington, June 17. The broad est investigation yet undertaken by the Department of Agriculture, de signed ultimately" to solve some of the great problems of farm life, is being planned for the Rural Organi zation Service, which- has just been established by Secretary Houston. The Secretary and Dr. T. N. Carver of Harvard, who is at the head of the new work, are confident of splendid results. The Rural Organizations Service will work in closest co-operation with the tiewly created Division of Markets, -which will devote its energies pri marily to problems connected with the marketing of farm products at a profit. In many instances it is not the lack of a market that prevents the farmer from turning over a profit, but inabil ity to utilize the means for reaching the market. Secretary Houston, Dr. Carver and students of farm economics in general long have felt that the weakness of agriculture was disorganization disorganization is the natural and often necessary result of the vast number of farm units, each one a xiato business enterprise. Also it is the result of the isolation of farm life and the fact that the farmer has learned to co-operate with nature bet ter than with men. "The first great problem," slid Dr Carver, "is intelligent orgamzaiton There are enormous difficulties in the wav of organization. Mere organi nation for organization's sake amounts to nothing. On the other hand, in telligent organization has done won industries. The citrus Uiio "j fruit industry of the Pacific coast fur mshes a wonderful example. Unorgan lzed, the orange growers of California could not market their crops at orofit. With their present effective organization the difficulitics way of reaching the right market are reduced to a minumtim. 'ToU another illustration. The A aiv " Wet suear manufacturers are organized As a result they pay the farmers who raise stiear beets only enough to keep t the work. If the farmers ill v were organized and the sugar man unorganized the farmers UlOLLUlvid o would make the manufacturers pay at least a fair profit. Unorganized they can only accept what the man lfacftrrer is willing to pay. ' The Rural Organization Service will be financed by the General Educa tion Board, one of the philanthropies of John D, Rockefeller. While backed! ty practically . unlimited trnds, -how evet, the, work will not be done on an extravagant scale. The general fcd ucation Board S3 far has appropriated -on!v enough money to make a begin cing and to effect an organization ofj thoroughly competent men. ' -? The Southern Education Board, tH-anch : of the General . Board, for 'several treats past faas been -WMiper " fltlng with w the department -, In its Farmers' . Co-operative Demonstration Work in the Southern States. -, Thi i work has met wth phenomenal sue ess ancThas solved many farm prob lems for; the South. I . , ' , 'J " Reduc Coat -of Ul4 V: Effective ' organisatio a In market' -; mx crops nHl ultimately bring the farm '; tr a much larger return for his work and also reduce the cost of living to ; the consumer , by . removing the mid. 41eman wherever practicable. X "The' firmer; is., quiu,capable of . faking care of himself if he can be put ', in possession of the necessary miorm ation' says, Dr., Carver, ' "Generally DeskSns. the farmer must do his own 'organizing, and not depend either ,upon Aaanclal aeencies or , upon- uovern- T, mental agencies for the doing of ;the actual work. ' The- Government,' how- jTL ever, has facilities for collecting, tab v ' ulatine . and ' spcrading .information sr men : neiiner , inaiviuutu , uw groups of farmers possess. V' ,1, ; i "Information from various sources Sous sources BUYS DIAMONDS. New Bern Jeweler Well Stocked Wity Precious Gems. Anticipating an increase in the price of diamonds resulting from the proposed increase in the tariff on them, J.O. Baxter, one of the leading jewelers of this city, has purchased several thousand dollars worth of these val uable gems. "Everyone who wants to invest his money in some good proportion is bjing diamonds" said Mr. Baxter yesterday while conversing with a Journal reporter. "During the past lew das 1 have soul a large number f these gems and have spent the en tire forenoon today in mounting dia monds for customers.," I'J. BASNICH1 III G ft. H: LEFT WITH HIS PARTY FOR MESIC YESTERDAY NO INVITATIONS IN CITY. Don W. Basnight of this city and Miss Daisy Riggs will be married this morning at 6 o'clock at the bride's home in Mesic, Pamlico county. No invitations were issued either in New Bern or in Mesic. Mr. Basnight and his party left yesterday afternnon at o'clock by automobile for Mesic, those beside himself in the party being his sister, Mrs. Herbert Lupton and two children, his father, Postmaster S. Basnight, his brother, Stein H Basnight and Louis, Carl and Charles Daniels. Following the ceremony Mr Basnight and his bride will mo. or to New Bern going from here by rail to Saltair where they will spend their honeymoon. C. S. Pittman Pete Smith, Joe Foster and Capt. M. E. Bloodgoo'' of Swansboro were among the bus ness visitors to the city yesterday. shows that in many sections of the country the farmer is very inade quately served by the orcinary credit agencies. It is, therefore, important that we find out what the credit needs of the farmers of different sections are. This can only be found out by study of the facts as they are found in this country. It is also important that we know what has been done in certain sections of this country, and In cer tain parts of Europe, in the way of meeting the needs of the farmer. In the third place, we need to know where the money as coming from to supply these needs, or to finance such credit institutions as may be devel oped. "It is not only necessary that the farmer's income should be increased, but that country life should be made sufficiently attractive to induce the farmer to remain in the country even when he has a large inccme. In the past it was generaly true that the more prosperous agriculture was the faster farmers have moved to town. The problem of rural life is not solved, therefore, until farmers choose to re main in the country, even though they are financially able to live in town. Elevate Rural Schools. "This problem is in some respects more difficult than the purely ecomo- mic problems of marketing and credit, There must be some effective organi zation of -rural interests to support ait educational system in our rural schools at least equal t those found in the city ' schools. There must be organization for rural sanitation, which will make country life so much more i ' .i -i.. iL.. t wholesome than city life that people will seek the country rather than the city for these reasons: .'Again, the opportunities for an agreeable social life need 'to be greatly improved in the country, and this will call for a high degree of co-opera' htion among couatry peoplat Ever since ' Aristotle It has been repeated by each generation that man is a so cial animal, and It is a common ob servation that men seek ' those condi tions' under which they may associate with their fallows, even at a. financial sacrifice, rather than isolation, - There fore," the promotion of social and in tellectual opportunities In the country, throueh' the organization of country people, miist be a large part of th - Jral . organization ' service.". IDS 5liy5 THE SOUTH 15 Noted Physician Delivered Inter esting Lecture Here Last Night. RAPPED UNCLEAN CONDITIONS Says No Nation Is Civilized Until It - Learns The Lesson Of Cleanliness. Despite the inch ment weather an other discouragement a fair-r-ized aud ience heard Dr. Charles V. St. erf, superintendent ol the tinted Stati s Marine Hospital at Wilmington lec turedat Criftin auditorium last evening on the subject of "Public Health am Civic Betterment," and after the lec ture had been completed each an every one present felt will repaid foi having braved the elements in ordei to.be present. The speaker was introduced by C. D. Bradham and in his introductory remarks he said that he did not expect a large audience on such a disagreeable night and that he was not in the least worried over tne lact that not more than a couple of dozen were present but instead felt very much compli mented that such a number as this should be on hand to hear him. Dr. Stiles is a great believer in clean liness and he said that in his estima tion the greatest discovery known to the world was the discovery of soap "Cleanliness," he said, "is the basis of civilization, of health and of all sanitary conditions. Some times feel like saying 'God bless the person who discovered soap.' " In comparing the United States with other countries on a basis of cleanliness, Dr. Stiles said that this s much dirtier than Europe and that S )i,ili was the dirtiest section of t I'niuJ States and therefore is iii"-. uncivilized. "The use ( i; in the South," he said, "is much th.i i in the North and hence so ch disease is found here. So bad art- conditions tnat some insurance companies will not issue policies to residents of certain cities in North Car olina and this condition also prevails n other States. x "The negro is one of the greatest causes of filth. The white man makes the laws and yet he thinks so little of the negro that he does not even se to it that he obeys those which pertain to sanitary conditions. 1 he negro is a much dirtier animal than the white man and have they spread more dis eise and the death rate among thi race is much greater than that of th whites. The solution of the whol problem ol cleanliness and the pres ervation of health is to have laws reg ulating the health conditions of cities and to sec that they are enforced." Dr. Stiles urged the employment f a lull time health omcer and to give him power to clean up the city without iiterference. "This is the only way t) insure the health of your commun ity," he said "and unless you do this you stand a good chance of getting all manner of disease." Dr. Stiles is the discoverer of the hookworm disease and before closing his lecture he gave a very interesting illustrated lecture in which were ex plained the cause, effects and cure of this dread disease which is so prev alent in the South and especially in the Eastern part of North Carolina. Dr. Stiles came to New Bern under the auspices of the City Beautiful Club and he highly praises the work this organization is doing. In conver sation with a Journal reporter last evening he said that if the health affairs of the city were placed in the hands of the members of this Club and tbey were given the power to se cure help and to see that the laws were inforced that New Bern would without any doubt soon be the healthiest city in the entire South. PETTING IN READINESS , With July 4, the date which the big races are to be held at the Fair grounds, less than three weeks distant, the hose wagon teamsof the local fire companies which are to participate in the fire- men's tournament, have already be gun. to practice for the occasion. In these preliminary races the teams re showing up in fine form and those who attend the races rpy expect some Jtciring events, . UNCVLIZED THUNDER STORM CAUSES TROUBLE New Bern Visited Worst Storm Yesterday Of The By Summer. WIND PLAYS MANY PRANKS Wires Blown Down And Kntire City Was In Darkness Two Hours. Yesterday was one i.f tin- Imitet lavs experienced here this sumimr l shady places the thrrnu-ir.ctcr va iT1 iting in the nineties while out in the, full glare of the sun it was almost unbnrable. Shortly after 5 o'clock. lark clouds began to gather in the North and within less than hah an lour it was seen that a storm was fat lpproaching. However, it was shortly after 0 o'clock when the vanguard of the ap proaching tempest reached the city. Fhis came in the form of a terriffic windstorm which swept dust, trash ind all small articles within its path ind made the atmosphere almost suf focating. Intermingled with this was vivid flashes of lightning while the resonant roll of thunder made the timid seek places of shelter. Then came the rain and the three combined constituted a storm which was one of the worst of the summer. Limbs were twisted from trees and at several points the trees themselves were uprooted. The electric lights were feebly casting their glow over the city during the early part of the dis turbance but suddenly these were extinguished as by some invisible hand. Only a few weeks ago during a similar storm a wire was short circuited and during the entire night the current was cut off and for a while it seemed as though this would be the case again last night. As quickly as possible linemen , were sent out from the power plant and they in company with-Mayor A. H. Bangert and Mayor Pro-Tern Wm. Ellis made a search for the break in the line. Fortunately this was found in front of John Suter's residence on Pollock street, a short distance from the point at which the short circuit occurred during the pre vious storm, and was quickly repaired and Dy y o clock the city was again illuminated. uuring the storm a tree blew across the line on New South Front street through which the current for the arc lights is sent out and during the re mainder of the night these lights were not in service. Outside of the inconvenience caused consumers of electricity and the de monsning oi a lew trees there was no damage done by the storm as far is is known. L LET WILb ADVERTISE NEW BERN'S ADVANTAGES AND POSSIBILITIES. All the material which is to be used in the booklet to be used in advertis ing New Bern by the Chamber of Com merce has been handed to C. D. Brad- ham who is chairman of the committee who have charge of the work of com piling the information and data and as soon as the Chamber of Commerce decides how many is . to be printed and to whom the contract for the work is to be awarded, it will be given to the printer. This will be one of the most com plete booklets of its kind ever issued by a local organization. The first two pages will contain maps showing the relative distance between New Bern and the prominent citites of the United States and also between New Bern and any point in North Caro lina. Fishing, farming, manufacturing and lumbering have been dealt with in a brief but clear manner by men who have had experience In each partic ular line and the reader will at a glance be able to see just what New Bern is offering to the world. MATERIA BOO READY TO GIVE RECEPTION Brilliant Affair To Be Held At James Hotel Friday Night. Mr. and Mrs. A I etors of the James II. -rmjn, propri tel have issued invitations to a n-tepti which will ht of this be given by them Kr a week in the sp.ui'ujs recipium rwuins of that popular hi.Mtlr . Mr. an Mr-. I'-.r:; a Bern rerentlv from I' and the main In- I . I hat t h' I i ,a I ., w il h t In ii- .1 , nl in ky, III. in a h' a-!rt. i -ueil .ilid i L. il i. .,, i.i; .!.a I III,. Ill . ! UIHi'ltlu I L HAS ITS REPORTS SliOW BUSINESS OF PAPER HAS INCREASED MATERIALLY. The annual meeting of the stock holders and directors of the E. J. Land Printing Company, publishers of the Daily and Semi-Weekly Journal and proprietors of a job printing es tablishment was held yesterday af ternoon. The reports of the officers of the company showed that a good business had been enjoyed during the past year. Substantial growth in both the advertising and subscription depart ments of both editions of the news paper were shown by the reports while the job printing department was also shown to be in good shape. Plans were discussed touching the future of the company and especially with reference to the Journal which the management hones to inwove n a number of important particulars. The present owners acquired the paper last July. Since that time it has been enlarged from four to eight pages with corresponding increase in reading matter. Directors of the company were elected as follows: E. I. Land R. W. Ha v wood v.. stevens ana U. 1:.. Henderson. i ne directors met and elected as officers of the companv: E. I. Land president, C. L. Stevens, vice-pres ident, H. K. Land, treasurer. R. W. Haywood, secretary. George B. Pendleton, formerly cash ier of the New Bfrn Banking Trust Company and now connected with ; irge banking institution in Atlanta Ga.. is in the city for a few days en route home from Beaufort where hi las been spending his vacation. Indei to New Advertisements. S. Coplon & Son. A great sa for New Bern people. New Bern Banking & Trust Co. Successful business Peoples Bank Individual personal attention. National Bank of New Bern Tin road to wealth. Citizens' Savings Bank & Trust Co. How about that leakage? PROGRAM AT THE DAY. ATHENS TO- Filey and Brown presenting tneir novelty Koman ring act, close their engagement with u tonight. This is by far the best act of the kind ever seen in this town and no better can be seen on the big time in large cities. Avail yourself of your last chance to see these won derful performers, by coming either to the matinee today or to the show- tonight. PICTURES "Arabia, The Equine Detective." Intorducing "Arabia" the human horse. The wonderful intcllegencc of this animal surpasses the imagination "The Analysis of Motion." This is the nost remarkable film ever offered as it is an entirely new development in cinematography. "Buttercups" A Vitagraph, featuring little Helen Costello, daughter of Maurice Cos- tello. Matinee daily at 5 o'clock. Tw shows at night, first starts at 8 o'clock second about 9:15. JOURNA MEETING p mourn t S ISVI Ik H":- n vje rmP taevi Keep Babies Clean Death Rate Is The To- .KJUtc Civen By Miss Lathrop." PROGRESS IN LARGE cijnj I w I here York And Philadelphia. Has Been Great Redu'c1- ii tion In Death Rate. ii Chif- i ; i ih. I ) ,11 1 me nt ot i i . : . in n-i e ' i 1 1 is the i"U ihat Miss i--i-tantt. have 111'- l-llltdWiwIHil. ill .il'oui babies- I ill ! ii 1 1 a lir-l m lulia !., nl i il. I,. , . rim 1. - nl, i tlia.ii t. il, pill ilicat i. Ii and their trouble get -iik and ilii -why they cry dvd And I lu n it tolls w hat a relat i simple thine, it would lie to reduce the great procession of little white coliius it mothers would nly use common sense and keep their babies clean. . i It points out the tremendous strides that have been made in New Yofkianrl Philadelphia since communities Have bee n making concerted efforts to wipe' out the causes of infant mortality: Here is one of the opening paragraphs: "The efforts of city health officials have resulted in the last ten years in reducing the general death rate in cities below that of the rural districts and villiages. Babes die of diseases which to a large extent, are prevent able, and when welfare work is directed toward saving their lives the response is immediate and decided. In certain large cities such as New York and" Philadelphia the result of systematic baby saving campaigns has been shown n a reduction of between 30 and 40 per cent, in the deaths of children under two years, in the wards where the work was concentrated." Shortage of Funds The bulletin complains of shortage of funds and it commends the motto of the New York Health Department: I ubhc health is purchasable; within natural limitations a community ran eterinine its own death rate.'! Here are some of the principles laid down for raising babies: , The baby nursed by its mother has approximately ten times tho.l&kinces to live that a bottle-fed Clean milk is fundamentally ary. Cilies should not toltfcata ale of 'dipped" or "loose" in! (lippe iiilletin continues: "The ideal is: Nothing short of But the v of had clean milk for everybody. need for the prompt renin iiiiik conditions i- ninn urgent, in, its relations to the we fan- of liUies incu dfiiy than to thai ol adults. milk is lareelv rcslionsi hie for thkftr- k currence ol diarrrhoea and entsiiis. most frequent causes of de4th. among inl.mt-. I he remedy liey.in the inlcllieenl and effective insnt-r- lion ol larms, the means, of trans portation and the shops whcaTE.-'inilk is sold." ' The bulletin advocated the elstab hinent ol municipal milk-stiliiOs such as are now maintained irrtSOtae cities. a " The milk station," it says, is simply a room siithciently large to ac commodate the natrons and eouinned with a large ice box, a desk, Jfime chairs and a table. An ordinary 2fore is suitable for a station and some times a schoolroom may be usqcl for the purpose. The station is usually under charge of a nurse and a physi cian is in attendance at stated hours. Prenatal Care of Motheri. "More attention should be; given to the prenatal care of mothers. Mu nicipalities are just beginning to awaken to the importance of this sorf of work and to understand that mucjh of tfcc waste of infant life is due tb cass that were operative before ,-the babV was born, maternity Some cities have a Special nurse, who gives jaij "JfCT time to these cases; other citif airjet the general nurses to take chafla"trf them. ;ute.XV " I ll v:i in- -I ..,.. -..UjixT.- ...v ........ tl,,ll,llK CH-ITOIJl who are can-takers of lit tip '"-cfclMr, . il. hi MM in the care of babies is regariktf iksi.tf ' immense importance, not nnrx-'-ttsjef improved care which is giv$f$$e ' . '' babies in iheir charge, but OKiftl U- ' "; fliicnce which it cannot f airVfri' 'it, "a fa ?, I in the picvcntion of infant HojJT V lY:J ' , I. J ,. K, - f , ';:,'rvL TTT. TTTV A