EDITORIAL & FEATURE PAGE
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Chapel Hill News Leader
Ltoding With The News in Chopef Hill, Corfboro, Qlen Lennox and Surrounding Areas
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VOLUME II, NO. 64
THURSDAY, AUGUST 11, 195S
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$64,000 Question Is
Bargain to Spo
(LEONARD BUDER in New York Sund
Can Separate Be Equal?
Dnc w(;aknes.s of the Governor’s emotional
address Monday night was that it consisted
cliieliy of an ajrpcal to colored citizens to
maintain separate hut equal schools in the
lace (jl the US Supreme Court’s ruling that
sej)ar;ue scliools ol the races are “inherently”
unetpial.
Aiujther weakness was his addressing the
N'egnjcs of tlie state as if they were an alien
people, and his putting the state in the posi
tion of making war on the National Associa
tion of Colored People.
Me was on stronger ground when he argued
that time is needed for a change in social
m
mores and customs, and when he suggested
that studies of local conditions be carried out
by local committees consisting of members of
both races.
Something can be gained by cooperation
and mutual help, but nothing but loss and
futility are to be expected from an intention
al collapse of the State’s public school system.
If that temple is pulled down, the. white
children are liable to suffer worse tlt^’ the '
Negro children.
The Governor’s appeal was negative where
affirmative leadership is the thing needed.'
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An Avalanche of Babies
THE MEN WHO MADE THE HIROSHIMA DAIRY: Left to right. Dr. Warner Wells,
Michihiko Hachiya, author; Neal Tsukifuji, editorial adviser.
translator; Dr.
A new birth record was established in the
US when in the first four months of this
year more than 1,000,000 babies were born.
If that rate were maintained the popula
tion would be increased by 3,000,000 this year
while in three years and four months the pop
ulation would be up ten millions-
In six years these new avalanches of babies
will be knocking at the doors of schools while
in another ten years a large part of them will
be ready for the colleges and universities.
Yet almost nothing is being done to meet
the s( hool needs of the nation’s main asset—
its children.
riiere is no jilan, no money, no purpose.
'I'he richest nation on earth stands helpless
in a rising sea of children. Congress looks
another way while the administration at
Washington prepares to get itself reelected
next year.
Yet the government has 60 nations on its
payroll and drops billions upon billions into
the maw of war preparation.
A large part of the blame for this miserable
treatment of the nation’s children falls on
Southern members of Congress. They are
afraid to back bills for more and better school
buildings and equipment because of the seg
regation issue.
So once more is the South conditioned and
palsied by the race question.
Every people may expect to pay a penalty
for its failures, but there is no good reason in
this situation why the children should pay
the penalty that should properly fall on
adults.
Are we to look upon a million new babies
as a million new victims of a false situation?
Who Were the
Hiroshima's
Victors in
Destruction?
Chips That Fall
The Last Summer of "Longs
//
'file present humid summer may be re-
mendeered in history as the last in which
“longs” received complete .social acceptance.
riie whole trend and compulsion is toward
“.shorts ”, whether Bermuda or suburban.
For exam|>le, (he mayor of St. Louis pro-
jco.ses (.0 put his police force hereafter in
Bermuda shorts, ojx-n - collared shirts, and
with helmets.
The' hc'lmets can wait, but the shorts and
the shills as specified are, we think, destined
to become standard apparel throughout
tliose ptirts of the country where the summer
hc'at is C)C) or more.
.A.ncl cvhynot? The coats and jackets, the
necktie's, the stiff colla'r, the long trcjusers,
are oidy the' handovers from F.nglish habits
and English customs which so long staped
the American social scene.
The Fhiglish climate in summer is chilly
enough to make even straw hats unnecessary.
But the USA is covered in the summertime
with a -blanket of hot dry air that is not far
from .semi-tropical- The chief cities of the
East have suffered from one heat wave after
another while in the Midwest temperatures
of too degrees or more have ben common.
To wear coats and long trousers under
such conditions is patiently absurd.
'The women long ago emancipated them
selves from winter clothes in the summer-
By DORIS BETTS
In its years of publishing, the
University of North Carolina
Press has made many valuable
contributions to man's knowledge
and culture; but it has probably
seldom had the opportunity of
making so large a contribution
on an international scale as it
does with the publication this
week of “Hiroshima Diary”
This journal of a Japanese
physician, which has been trans
lated by a yqung Tarheel doctor,
spans the brief time between
August 6 to September 30, 1945;
but these are memorable days in
the history of man and the Jap
anese physician who lived through
them, Michihiko Hachiya, who
has recorded them not only faith
fully but very movingly.
“Hiroshima Dairy” appears
ten years after the day of the
first atomic explosion. Dr. Hachi
ya wrote on that day, “The hour
was early; the morning still,
warm, and beautiful. Shimmering
leaves, reflecting sunlight from
a cloudless sky, made a pleasant
contrast with shadows in my gar
den as I gazed absently through
wide-flung doors opening to the
south.”
Seconds after those half-drowsy
observations came the stropg
flash of light, the dark sky,” the
victors. One has only the feeling
that here are men and women,
much like men and women we
know, faced with strange and
terrible dangers. We find them
doing all the things we would
have done. When they rise to
real courage and heroism, and
they do rise to such heights, it
is impossible not to be proud to
be one of the race of man.
time. But the men wilf not yet acknowledge
that the American summer is semi-tropical sudden collapse of buiildings and
and should be met with semi-tropical apparel, gardens everywhere. Dr. Hachi-
Menaced by a New York Cop
By HUGO GIDUZ
(Cmiiinued)
After the close of the Harvai'd
commencement exercises there
was the meeting of the Alumni
Association. This was like most
Alumni Association meetings at
all institutions of higher learning;
not too exciting, nor too inter-
eling!
After this meeting which closed
with the singing of “Fair Har
vard”, we reluctantly broke up.
The “Fiftieth Reunion” was over!
But was it ended? Not quite.
There was gatherings of groups
of us who had come from far
and near for this event. It meant
bidding farewell to many whom
we would never see again. The
conviviality, and congeniality, of
the four days together at Har
vard had been wonderful.
And so we went to our rooms
to pack our bags and one by
one, slowly drifted away, each
glad of the contacts made, but
.sad that they were so soon ended.
It was a glorious highlight in the
life of each of us. But thei'e must
be an end to all good things. And
so we left Cambridge, richer and
happier in spirit, perhaps, but
sadder of heart.
Our Fiftieth Anniversary is
over. But we shall never forget
it!
* * *
Chapel Hill News Leader
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Yes, it is over.' However, there
still are some matters that I
must mention, which may be of
interest to any who have been
reading these reports.
I was much interested in a pic
ture in the Crimson of June 14.
It was of three Harvard men;
Charlie Mason, our secretary;
Charles E. Mason, Jr., his son,
class of 1930; and Peter Mason
Gundei'son, grandson of Charlie,
and nephew of Mr. Mason, Jr., a
senior: three generations, twen
ty-five years apart at this cele
bration!
* * *
There is an incident that oc
curred while I was in New York
that had slipped my mind which
I think will be of some interest.
It provoked me a great deal, to
put it mildly.
One evening I left my hotel to
saunter about in Times Square.
As usual in the square, there
was a crowd gathered in front
of a window. Of course, like all
the rest of the curious people,
1 had to see what was going on.
I succeeded in getting close
enough to find out that there was
a baker in the showwindow mak
ing pizza pies.
He was a real artist. He took
the large piece of dough, covered
it with flour and patted it out
into a large round flat surface.
Then, when it was of the correct
size, he tossed it in the air and
caught it on his fingertips as It
came down, with the edge curled
up. Then he put the ingredients
on the dough with a large wood
en paddle and when ready for
(he oven he placed it inside with
his paddle.
That looked interesting enough
to me to warrant a brief account
for my series in the News Lead
er. So, just imagine my shock
when a policeman came up ask
ing what I w'as doing, telling me
that I could not hang around
there like that!
I e.xplained what my purpose
was. He told me that I would
have to move on!
However, I continued to write
until I had finished my notes. I
was so engrossed in getting this
all down that I did not realize
I was hopping mad about the in
cident. I strolled on a block or
two, thinking of what I had
written, looking for more news.
Suddenly it dawned on me that
I ought to go back and ask the
policeman what law I had broken.
I was almost boiling by this time.
* * »
Alas, when I got back to the
pizza pie bakery, the officer was
gone. Maybe it was just as well,
for it is possible that.the “coun
try boy in the big city” might
have gotten into more trouble
with the law.
That same evening I went to
one of the best-looking cafeterias
in New York, Hector’s. Again,
speaking of foods, here was a
place where one could get, at a
reasonable price, many unusual
foods. And what is more, one of
the faucets gave seltzer instead
of plain water!
ya found his clothing completely
and bewilderingly gone, his
body inexplicably wounded, a
fragmentof glass embedded in his
neck (like a good doctor he first
removed this, matter-of-factly,
before speculating.)
After that was the long night
mare, beginning when Dr. Hachi
ya ran out into the street and
fell over the head of a dead man
(“Excuse me, excuse me, please!”
he .said) to the silence of after-
math.
“The streets were deserted ex
cept for the dead,” he writes.
“Some looked as if they had been
frozen by death while in the full
action of flight; others lay sprawl
ed as t.hough some giant had
flung them to their death from
a great height.”
Dr. Hachiya, at the time of the
A-bomb blast, was head of an
important Hiroshima hospital.
The diary is the story of that
hospital during those days, the
men and women who worked in
it and who died in it.
‘^Hiroshima Diary” is a stirring
book because of the heroism of
ordinai'y men in extraordinary
conefitions. It is impossible to
read it with any sense that these
were the enemy and we were the
One even forgets the early
bitterness Americans felt toward
the Japanese during the war
when one reads Hachiya’s ac
count of the Emperor’s broadcast
on August 15. “Bear the unbear
able,” the emperor said, and told
them that the war was lost. The
wounded men and women hud
dled around the radio at the hos
pital burst out in sorrow and in
anger at the loss.
“There is a limit to deceiving
us!” quotes Hachiya. “I would
rather die than be defeated,” said
another listener. And one man
cried out, “General Tojo, you
great thick-headed fool; cut your
stomach and die!”
Later that nigiht as he sat on a
ventilator looking out over the
ruins, Hachiya thought to him
self, “Even in a nation defeated
the rivers and mountains remain
the same.”
Because the reader is, for that
minute, so much in sympathy
with all the wounded waiting in
the hospital for the news of de
feat, he almost forgets that was
day on which he so much re
joiced here in America.
This is the real contribution
Hachiya’s book will make, it will
remind us of that trite but beau
tiful phrase, the brotherhood of
man.
This is the week of shoot
ing stars. They began last
Monday night when the
earth passed through the
heart of the cloud of meteors
known as the Perseids. An-
other show is due tomorrow
night and still another by
the Draconids on August 22
and 29. The Perseids appear
in the northeastern sky about
10:30 p.m- and at first make
five to ten streaks per hour,
increasing to 20 or more an
hour around midnight. The
Draconids are to be looked
for in the north. A pad and a
pillow out on the lawn make
for comfort, and a good glass
helps, hurricanes permitting.
In the two months that it has
been on the air “The $64,000
Question” has caught the inter
est of the nation’s viewers in a
way few other television shows
ever have.
Making its debut on June 7, at
the start of the supposedly slack
summer season, the progi-am
quickly jumped to the top—or
very close to it—of every major
audience survey. The American
Research Bureau estimates that
the show has been seen by as
many as 47,560,000 viewers—al
most one-third the population of
the United States.
In attaining such popularity,
the program currently is making
a national celebrity out of Gino
Prato, the opera-loving cobbler
from the Bronx. Last week he
answered the $32,000 question.
Earlier, the program gave
fleetfng prominence to Mrs.
Catherine E. Kreitzer, the spe
cialist on the Bible, who quit
with 32,000, and to Redmond O’
Hanlon, a New York policeman,
who stopped with $16,000 after
a bout with questions on Shakes
peare.
“The $64,000 Question” owes
its tremendous audience appeal
to the human drama inherent
when an individual decides to
risk all—or nearly all — for a
greater fortune. But, in addition,
its format permits sustaining the
suspense over several weeks.
And perhaps most important, the
program manages to obtain re
markable contestants — seem
ingly ordinary persons who pos
sess an extraordinary fund of
knowledge.
The man who conceived “The
$64,000 Question” was Louis Q,
Cowan, produced of such radio
and TV shows as “The Quiz
Kids,” “Stop the Music,’
You Go,” and
swer to the
this beginflL
“"W aS
Paid out ak
to date by Hr, 4
Panson some
.100.000 ,,,,
“3t has an aa*
smaller size,
The questions 01
■f e prepared h
headed by 86®.
erator of “Dowj v,
are about fo*
and the
somewhat each,
In selecting c
Cowan and his
certain qualificjtij,
sonality, geograpij
ability to stand hdi
phone and camen
coming fiusterej
■stage “amnesia,”
others.
tnltl
Contestants get 0,'
three ways: they
for a chance to app,
out an applicatiojj
tending the telecast
recommended by 1
studio. The first
has brought 30,OOt
ters to the prograi
■Only 10 per cep
cations survive thi
tial screening. Aa
basses is asked akoil
knowledge of any psii
ject, his marital
life, and plans to i
prize money shojld ld
Some people were arguing
the other night about celes
tial phenomena, particularly
the books by Charles Eort
which contend that above the
earth’s atmosphere are strata
or pieces of other worlds that
contain forms of life similar
to those on earth, whence
rains of frogs, fish, and other
things ordinarily supposed to
have been transported by
whirlwinds. A supposed rain
of blood in the Chapel Hill
area years ago w'as cited. On
this the scrapbook kept by
Dr. K. P. Battle, postTlivil
War president of the Uni-
versity, contains this uniden
tified clipping wdiich might
have come from a Raleigh
paper about 1884:
Farmers paid
Down ■principal and interest J
Conversation.” hank loans (
He began where the old “Take January 1,1955, h
It or Leave It” quiz show left 000 land bank loans«
off—with $64 for a correct an- $iy3 billion.
NEW 1955 MODEL
NOW FEATURE PRICEOI
at
only
C)C”
Hachiya’s journal has been
translated by a Chapel Hill phy
sician, Dr. Warner Wells, who
went to Hiroshima in 1950 as
surgical consultant to the Atomic
Bomb Casualty Commission and
became a personal friend of Dr.
Hachiya. He has translated the
book with care and with sym
pathy. He, too, sees the book as
having more to offer than a doc
umented bit of history, or a study
in ney medicine, or an approach
to the psychology of a wounded
and defeated people.
As he writes in his introduc
tion, “All of us will be repaid be
yond measui'c if this diary helps
to refresh our memories, stimu
late our imaginations, and tem
per our thinking about war, and
especially the horror of atomic
war. For if we cannot enliven
our humanity, we are doomed.”
'IT DROPPETH AS THE
Washington Report
GENTLE RAIN'
By BILL WHITLEY
'The summer night comes in with
fragrance and with tenderness
Of coolness, and of quiet, and of
rain
So merciful that I remember
Portia in her lawyer’s dress
Declaring, “The quality of mercy
is not strain’d...”
And think how rightly mercy was
compared to rain;
And wonder if those words were
written of a summer’s night
As earth grew fragrant with
rain’s kindliness again,
And Shakespeare thought again
of mercy’s might.
—Adelaide Fitzpatrick in the
Christian Science Monitor
RUSH. Now that Congress has
adjourned, the mad rush on Capi
tol Hill is over until next Jan
uary.
Within a matter of days after
will attend a dairy cooperative
meeting in Goldsboro and travel
from there to the Young Demo-
cracts’ “Report to the People”
rally scheduled at Winston-Salem
August 27.
Later, the Squire of Haw River
“Professor Venable of the
University (chemistry de
partment), having tested
some of the matter that re
cently fell from a cloudless
sky in Chatham county de
termines that it is blood.
Such an incident happening
in old times would have been
deemed a prodigy. Indeed
there* have been many cases
recorded in history of a sim
ilar fall or rain of blood—al
though we have heretofore
regarded it as altogether im
possible for such things to oc-
cur. There can be no doubt,
however, that live fish have
been deposited from the
clouds, that showers of frogs
have fallen, and that other
living things have been rain
ed down to us from above.
The explanation of these
wonders of nature is not easy
—for ^
And Your
Old Refrigerator
J- e
There are more things in
heaven andearth, Horatio,
Than are dreamt of ’
your philosophy’.
Model SDV.9t SPCL
m
Congres ended its business shortly ...will be on the West Coast for
aftei mid-night last Wednesday, about two weeks holding hearings
most Senators and Representa- with the Senate Interior Com-
tives had left for their home ' mittee.
states.
Although the formal work in
Washington has been completed
for the year, there is still plenty
of work to do for most members.
Several committees have sche
duled trips for their members in
Europe, and others will be hold
ing hearings in various parts of
the United States.
WORLD'S SMALLEST DAILY
On Tuesday, July 19, the Tryon
Daily Bulletin, Seth Vining, pub
lisher, which had gained national
renown as the “world’s smallest
daily newspaper”, practically
doubled its size. The page is now
the same as an ordinary busi
ness letter, 81’i x 11 inches.
SCOTT. Senator W. Kerr Scott
doesn’t have an overseas trips
scheduled, but he has a rigorous
series of speeches and hearings.
The Senator is spending most
of this week in the Piedmont'.and
Western parts of North Carolina,
and next week he will be at At
lantic Beach attending a farm
meeting. The following week he
RALEIGH. On Tuesday, No-
. Vember 15, Scott, along with
other members of the Senate
Agriculture Committee, will hold
hearings in Raleigh on the gov
ernment's farm price support
program.
The session in Raleigh will be
one of 'about 20 hearings the Sen
ate Agriculture Committee will
hold throughout the country this
fall in its efforts to come up
with new farm program legisla
tion next year.
Accoi-ding to Senator Scott,
“We are trying to find out what
the grass roots thinking is on
this subject. We want to talk to
.as many farmers, especially
small fanners, as possible.”
HAWKS OFTEN MISS
Modern day hunting with hawks
is fascinating, but puts very lit
tle meat in the pot. Hawks, both
wild and trained, miss more of
ten than they hit. The author
had the opportunity to observe a
family (two adults and two ju
veniles) of sharpshinned hawks
one day last fall from daylight
until noon. They started hunting
as soon as it became light and
one of the adults took a bluejay
during the first hour. The other
adult took asmall bird about
eight-thirty and one of the young
caught another bluejay just be
fore eleven o’clock. The other
young did not make a kill during
^«spits numerous
chases. These birds circled and
swooped repeatedly during this
time, apparently putting fort^h
their best efforts. _ Wildlife in
North Carolina,
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