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PAGE TWE A FEA-IJRE PAGE FACULTY CLL' The Faculty Tuesday at 1 p. Inn instead of tl .announced. The >fAPEL Hill News Leader Leading With The News in Chapel Hill, Corrkoro, Glen Lennox and Surrounding Areas I .i t' ‘ li A Brighter Franklin Street ^ I'lic iiiiprox'ciiu'iu wiiliin the last Icav years ol shop and store fronts and interiors oti Franklin Street lias been marked, and ('.ha- pel Mill can notv boast ol a business section as attiactive as can be lonnd in the stiite. .\timbers of noteworthy chanoes have been made within the last yettr or two- Idgiit and ;iir httve been let into dark corners, amd _()'l;iss hits made |)ossible tvindotv disphtts close to metropolitan ('piajity in design ;tnd color. Pai'ticiilarly has there been ;t gain in ;tt- trttctiveness where llowers and other plants Itave been placed awotind filling stations and stretches that otherwise niigiit be bare, ('.hap- el Mill's soil and t:lim;ite encoiirage \ tvicle vtiriety ol ])lams, and there is no reason why this should not become one of the flotver towns of the state. .\nvone who has ever jta.ssed throtigh (^nit- North Carolina Moves Up an Inch .Xortli Carolinti has moved up an inch in the economic cohnnn. We .ire no longer .pph in per tripita in come. bill j'pxl, with ,Siif)o ;ts ttgainst .SiicSi in the jrrex'iotis year. It is trtie th;tt to occupy the forty-third pkice in :i list ol .|(S states is nothing to brttg about, btit e\en a letv dollars added to a lotv income tire better thtni no addition til all. Ikdmv ns are Xorth Dakotti. .\l;ibamit, South C.it'rolinti. .Arkanstts, tind .Mississippi. It is to be noted that .Mi.ssissippi is lowest ol all. In view ol recent esents in that state, does this indicate .miyihing? la North Clarolina all the available sLati.s- tics shotv thiit the state's low economic: yrosi- tion is dtie to the prevailing low income of its Negro j^eople. In brief, Negroes are mot paid enough for their labor, 'riieir limited jtiirchasing power is a drag, not an asset. .And this leads ns to the conclusion that if the .same amount of pa.ssion, energy, study, and oratory now being ptit into the school segregation issue tvere ptit into an effort to raise the Negro's economic status, the whole state, the whole commonwealth, wotild bene fit. Fhe Negro is at the bottom of the ditch economically. \Vhen he is raised, the tvhole strnettire above him will be raised. Ike's Successor .Althongh the medical reports ,say President F.isenhcnvcr is imprtjving steadily, it onght to be apparent b)' now that he should not be asked to undertake tinother campaign for the presidency. -A man ol his age who hats been the head nian in ;i worlct war, and then the head man in Jhe governnu tu, ought to be allowed to retire to his larm or his iishing streams, and enjoy himsell i'l his own w;iy. The ehieig^tj^f I 's own partv will of cour.'c bring pr' ' wire to inditete him to run again, tmd n(K)d rcasoit; h.tr otherwise they have sni.all h(.)pe of keejjing their power. It is time ferr the Democrtiiic Party to shai j)en its edge and prepare lor the next pre.sidential battle. If it doesn’t have to fight i ticket headed by Ike, it onght to have a walk-over. Ltit so hir it has not jnit forward any issues that can rouse the cotintry. It can offer Air. Stevenson or other good men to head the ticket, btit it has not endorsed any cause that had gripped the imagination of the na tion. Does it favor peace or war? AV'ha't is its tax program? ^Vhat would it do for the schools? Mow would it handle the big aggressive coi'irorations? AVhat is its agriciiltnral preygram? AAiittt labor laws does it approve? d hese are a lew of the cpicstions that the Democrats, no matter tinder what leadership, may bejisked by the voting popnhvtion in the course of the next few' months. (food answers might ajjpeal to a nation which at present seems to be more interested in Ike's daily condition than in his po.ssible Democratic successor. Are War Fears Dying Down^ JOSEPH C. HARSCH (in the Christian Science ^■lonitor) If one w'ishes to retain one’s optimism and confidence about the future in this immediate post-Geneva phase of events one must take as the base a line of thinking about the Soviet Union w’hich was recessive Jn the Wash ington background during the in flexible or “cold war’’ phase of events, but which re-emerged in to respectability after the Eisen hower administ|at'ion’s decision of 1954-55 to try at all respecta ble costs to avoid an atomic war. Even during the dark days at the beginning of the Korean war there were serious and thought ful students of the Soviet Union in the policy and planning staffs of Washington wdio held out against the prevalent assumption ol the time that Moscow was bent on a course of implacable im perialistic expansion which prob able would force an eventual war on the United States. ish Isles or the east and west frontiers of the United States. Add that the lands ruled from Moscow have time and again been invaded over these unfixed fron tiers and that great and power ful countries live on either side. Is this the real exptanation of the actions of the Soviet Union since World War II—this rather than the ideology of communism of a serious desire to conquer the whole world? These '•holdouts" of 1950 be gan to come into their own per- haits a year ago when Dwight D. Eisenhower rejected the doctrine of "prevontive war" and set in motion the train of events which could only be recorded as possible alternate theories in 1950 have become now the reason, or the rationalization, for the new course of Washington policy. O'he heart of these old theories which have now become domi nant in cuirent Washington staff thinking is that the Soviet Union is motivated primarily not by the ideology of communism but by the ancient, gnawdng sense of in security which has from the be ginning plagued the Russian state and has been inherited by the Soviet state. The theory is based on much history and geography. Russia, now the Soviet Union, is physical ly "the largest cotintry in the world. But it has few frontiers fixed irrevocably by geography, as are the fionticrs of the Brit- There are among President Eis enhower’s most experienced and thoughtful advisers many who say yes to this question and who ex plain almost every Soviet action since 1945 in these terms. The seizure of Czechoslovakia in 1948, the blockade of Berlin in 1949, even the Korean War of 1950, are now explained in these terms; that is, as having been conceived by Moscow as meas ures necessary for Soviet defense and Soviet security in times when the United States possessed a monopoly in atomic weapons, had consolidated Western /influence in West Germany, and had ex cluded Moscow from influence in Japan. In particular, the Korean war is explained by these advisers to the President as having been retaliation for the then impend ing Japanese Peace Treaty, which did, in fact, give the United States a monopoly of external influence in Japan and did ex clude Moscow' influence from that country at the time. Is all of this a reason for tak ing our chances in a world of competitive coexistence with the Soviet Union, or is it w'ishful ra tionalization after a decision to try to avoid atomic w'ar? Only time can possibly give the answer. In thg meantime, however, there is no harm in pursuing the implications of these theories to the future. Mr. Dulles' prospect of a period of “orderly e'-olution" ahead is clearly based upon them, and thus to pursue them is to understand the basis for his own and the President’s relative con fidence about the future. If, as is currently argued in Washington, Soviet “aggression” since 1945 has ben primarily due to fear of the United States and its atomic weapons, then the re moval of the basis for any real fear should, in the long run, in duce relaxation in Moscow and willingness to abandon those po sitions and policies which have roused so much real fear in the West. No one in Washington expects the Soviets to do the abandoning suddenly. On the contrary, it was to be expected that when relieved of the restraints which were part of the cold war period the men of Moscow would take advantage of their new security to try to improve their positions even more. It will take time, perhaps a lot of it, before the Washing ton theories of today are tested and proved by events. There will be a lot of “stresses and strains” before we begin to see the ulti mate fruits of .Geneva. 'Can This Be Franklin Street?' iWi iaiiiii MONDAY, OCTOBER 10, 1955 i V*.* ^ . '■m mail, (ia., during' the rose season or (.oitl.s- horo and AVilmington, N. (',., when the crepe myrtles a e at their best, will realize how gteatly ordintiry streets can be enhanced by the right sort ol flowers. ■Some years ago a short-sighted policy cut down many of the trees on I-'ranklin Street ;tnd in parrit tilar razed those in front of busi ness est:tblishment.s. 'Fhere htis been a long and slotv recoxery. If (ihapel Mill’s business district were well shaded in summer in tyl- dition to its other attracti(.)ns, it would be among the handsomest toxvns south, of the Potoimic. .A beginning towards a greater beauty has been made, but it slioiikl lead lowarcfs. yet grettter steps. Ml N. C. ROAD BUILDING PRAISED North Carolina’s use of the “stage construction” technique in its accelerated highway moderni zation program is saluted in the theme article in the autumn is sue of the “Quarterly,” official publication of The Asphalt In stitute. The “Quarterly,” in a technical appraisal of the Tar Heel high way program, pointed out that, by employing the stage con struction method, “more miles of highway are opened to traffic from available funds that would be possible if all three phases of construction were completed un der one contract.” mi ■Vt : \VJ I ‘ iii ♦ * . “You’d think they ivould realize that traffic was bad enough without their bringing i n any more.’’ (From the New Yorker) Chips That Fall Driving Tests Harder Now AVhat has liajrjjened to Sotilheru cooking that no- .bocly any longer knoxvs how to cook a pot of ordinary regular garden .string beans? This question tirises in consequence of a trip throtigh sexeral comities dur ing xyhicli stops tvere made at roadside restaurants. In twery instance string beans were ordered and in e\ery case they tvere tasteless, tva- tery, or otherwise offensive. There tvas ;i time tvhen string beans balficd nobody- A’on picked them tvhile ten der, put them in a pot tvirh a piece^ of fatback, added a spoon of stilt and spoon of sttg'ar, boiled them a very lew minutes, and the result tvas,savory and satisfying, es- jiecially il the lieans tvere eaten tvith a slice of ratv on ion and a tvedge of corn- bread. Why sliotild our tourist Ijiircaiis htbor to' bring vi,d- tors to the State tvhile otir roadside restaurants drive them off? Reminds us of what James Street once tvrote: ‘Southern cooking is tvorse than bad in many public places and usually better tb.an good in most homes. ■Something happens to the .soiifberner tvhen he starts selling his otvn cooking. Me gets his skillet confused tvith his till, and the result is ter rible cooking at cheap prices or lair cooking at high pric es. ‘W'Oti'd he surprised how olten you can walk into a southern restaurant and he told that the boss has gone home for dinner. I admire the restauratenr who adver tised. ■■Southern cooking for A'ankees only’’.' ★ ★ -yv ses to us a letter from an editor that contains av netv note in rejections. ■■AFe have a good percentage of older readers.’’ says the editor, “and it has finally got th* my attention that a lot of elder ly people resent stories about death ... I once tvorked for a man tvho tvoiild not let death he mentioned in his presence- W’e would gue.ss that the man referred to tv;is \V. R. Mearst, the late publisher of a string of netvspapers and magazines. There used to he a legend about his objection to the use of the tvord death in any of his piihlications. VVe think the editor in (jtiestion is tvrong in his eon- cliision about the attitude of elderly jieople. What man of any sense of care for his fam ily neglects to make his will. (Joe Knox in Greensboro News) Why is it dangerous to apply your brakes on a curve? How m.iich longer is the braking dis tance at 60 miles an hour then at 20 miles an hour? How can you stop a car if the brakes fail? New drivers and out-of-state drivers appearing before State Highway Patrol examiners for their first license should know the answers to these and dozens of other similar questions — if they expect to receive their per mits to drive. wyas. To read it, to study it care fully, is not merely to prepare an applicant for the examination. It is train him and educate in habits of safe driving. Actually, it is a digest of the motor vehicle laws of the ^tate written in layman’s language. Of ficials feel that in view of the hazards of driving a cr today, it . is essential that motorists, new drivers especially, be thoroughly familiar with the rules of the road. Officials of the Department of Motor 'Vehicles candidly admit that a new written examination, which was initiated over the state about two weeks ago, is far more difficult than previous tests. In fact, if you don’t read and study a book entitled Traffic Law and Highway Safety,'published by the Department of Motor Vehicles, your chances of passing the test are slim. The examination based on the book is being constantly revised. No single test is to be used more than three or four months, in order that the questions will not become generally known among applicants. If an applicant fails the test, he is privileged to take it over. regardles,s ol his a.R'e? ’k -k ^ A collisitni in tvhich five jreople died in Wake (loiinty involved a car tvhich tvas .straddling the center line. There is a dotvnhill curve in (Ihajtel Mill on which at least ttvo out of every three cars straddle the center line. The drivers no doubt imagine they are saving time and .space. It tvottid he interesting to know a highway patrolman’s Itill opinion of the foolish ness of the human race tthen behind an antoinohile tvheel. k k k You don’t have to buy the book. The license examiner will lend you a copy, in fact, urge you to take it. It was written and is being used in Jhe new licensing program with the single purpose of reducing motor vehicle acci wents on North Carolina high- ’ As of Oct. 3, 780 North Caro linians had died in highway ac cidents in 1955 because, accord- ong to Motor- Vehicles officials, they refused to submit to enforce ment riieasures. The new licensing program is not punitive. It is a program of training and education. It is de signed to “save your life, your limb, your liberty, your license and your money.” Losing Faith in Courts Is there any mother more assidiotis and lairhfttl to her young than a dog tip to the eighth tveek, and is there any mother colder, more indif- Jerent. and more sn.ippish at the end of that eighth tveek? The ’expression of disbelief, hetvilderment, disillusion, and stiinnedness on the face of a trusting pup tvho has just been signa-ied by his mother that Uie accustomed fountain has been shut off. is beyond the pen of any re- The totvn of Leakst ille es timates that after one month of parking meters it will take in about Sa.ooo a month. Malf will go on the purehase of meters and half “for traf fic: enforcement and expan sion of jtarking spaces or lots.” Chapel Hill has never accepted parking meters; hnt ■S 1,000 a month would look mighty tempting in tight times- (Southern Pines Pilot) “Something’s radically wrong" comments the Chatham News of Siler City in a recent editorial pointing out that only 13 cases were tried out of 34 on the Su perior Court docket for a week’s term in Chatham County. - Shucks, that’s nothing. Only one case from a docket of more than 40 was tried in the recent two-week civil term of Moore County Superior Court. The first week in Moore Coun ty, as the week in Chatham, was cut short by the Labor Day holi day and, in Moore, the entire first week was consumed in trial of one very comp-licated case. cording arfist. ★ ★ ★ The author of an article in tvliieh a death figured jtas- I.amhdrt Davis of the M.NC Press reports that the ‘Miroshima Diary’ is going at a rate that indicates a total sale of 20-25 thousand copies. Publishers of all the major n.'i'tioiis are bidding for tran.s- lation rights. These are good signs.’' It would he hard to name another single hook that can come so near block- ing a third world war in tvhich there tvoiild he, could he, no hra.ss hands and fetv survivors. But what about the second, or ‘ special” week’s term of court in Moore—the term that was set for the specific purpose of clear ing up the overcrowded docket? Why nothing about it. that’s what. The judge had held court for part of Monday. That’s all. He heard the jury’s verdict in the case that had taken all the previous week for trial, heard a marriage annulment case from anothei’ county, signed a few mo- tions and judgments and dismiss ed a new jury which had taken their seats. able, plaintiffs, defendants and witnesses were scattered and, ex cept for part of Monday, there just wasn’t any court held during the second week of the term. According to The Chatham News, the Labor Day holiday and a district bar meeting were the reasons the Chatham court was cut short. “Lawyers involved were absent. Other lawyers with cases ready found themselves without a court to try them in.” What worries us most about the situation is that these post ponements and delays — which strike at the heart of the aver age man’s faith in justice—seem to be engineered so smoothly and accepted so placidly by the judges and lawyers involved. This may not be so in every case and with every lawyer and every judge, but we have yet to hear a law yer or a judge stand up and say, in regard to these dplays, post ponements and evasions in the administration of justice: Because federal court opened at Rockingham and Superior Court opened at Sanford, and no doubt for other mysterious rea sons beyond our ken to compre hend, attorneys were not avail- “This is an outrage. This weak ens the people’s confidence -in bench and bar. Of what signifi cance is our great constitutional right to obtain redress for griev ances if a ease, for whatever rea son, can continue on the docket for months and years without coming to trial?” Maybe some lawyers, some judges think such thoughts, but we don’t hear them publicly ex pressed. It is up to the lawyers and judges to clean house and restore the people’s faith in the administration of justice. By WILLIAM O. DOUGLAS In 1920, Governor Alfred E. Smith of Netv York vetoed a bill requiring each ” public school teacher to obtain a certificate from the Commissioner of Ed ucation that he is of good moral character, will support the state and federal constitutions, and is loyal “to the institutions and laws” of New York and the na tion. The bil also gave power to the Commissioner to revoke the certificate if he found the teach er was not “loyal.” The Governor ■ A Veto by Alfred Smith said in a notable veto; “The test established is not what the teacher believes It permits one man to place upon any teacher the stigma of disloy alty and this even without hear ing or trial. No man is so om niscient or wise as to have en trusted to him such arbitrary and complete power not only to con demn any individual teacher, but to decree what belief or opinion is opposed to the institutions of the cotintry. ■ “'No-teacher- coukl continu-e to. teach if he or she entertained any objection, however con.scientious, to any existing institution. If this law had been in force prior to the abolition of slavery, opposi tion to that institution which was protected by the Constitution and its laws would have been just cause for the disqualification of a teacher .... Opposition to any presently established institution, no mat ter how intelligent, conscientious or disintere.sted this opposition might be, wo'uld be ’sufficient to disqualify the teacher. Every teacher would be at the' mercy of his colleagues, his pupils, and their parents, and any word or act of the teacher might be held by tile commissioner to indicate an attitude hostile to some of the institutions of ‘the United States’ or of the State. . The bill confers upon the Commissioner of Education a power of interference with free dom of opinion which strikes at ■ Ihc foiindarions of democratic ed ucation.”—York Gazette & Daily On view at B ■ October 27 ' paintings ""'Aa le art or for tk '"ij notonous colln! Pa»t caller;;'-' the other, '■^’i’are ought,, ground, and this it ^f^^^tingoieariyp, . y men who atei,, “at least; yesterday, contemp,. We see here the 1 night pictures of con set dotvntl al reactions to aa soene before'that intellectualized aad can follow their hejj iialcyon days wke came by the dozeja, thousand, and when yet felt driven into urism, surrealism, a rieties of abstraction Here, for instant landscape by Mare It has color and p years later he p “Nude Descending which has neither 0 er, but which with i impressed young An ers that they all b the process. And here is with a simple ai of an old mill before he gradu: rangements of vertical lines wh genious but wl feeling that ca cated. Max Weber’ a cafe scene and crispness his 'modern” j There are other represented. Includ Dongen, Gleizes, H; Davis, Dufy, Miro, Gwi Kline, and Austin. Xa gan to paint in pen. world wars were an when the heafcjj with something else te der, traffic accidents, incipient wars. Their pi shown here have an grasp, and a sense of li ly to be found in aav rent exhibition, It is Grosj introduces a pi of sensational elemeili does not detain' less sophisieated piel® ex This is an exhi reviewer found wi® storing. One can f done by men for ottai world that they introie world we live in, 1 tures are interprettij formless abstraction if:; mental processes. put us back on the’t great tradition, :erst “Abstract” paiol'”! ‘ great contributions W It has freed P®!®! tight' boundaries of ft tion. But it is onous. It is nol new or fresh, lie ent synthesis.-?’®' fi CHAPttH.Sl!?'' iinrui 'cha published Thursday to Company, Inc^ ^ Mailing Box’?® Chapel Hill. N. ^ Street Address-*®’ Carrboro TeiephoneVf ETjTHamlin Robert Minteer. SUBSCBIPIW* (Payable & Five Cents ' pert 3Y carrier.; months; ' BY MAIL: «2.50 for s‘A,.
Chapel Hill News Leader (Chapel Hill, N.C.)
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Oct. 10, 1955, edition 1
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