20,1905,
Pages. 3 and 4.
THE POLK COUNTY NEWS, COLUMBaS, N, C,
4uly
Don'i .Feafr ; Too
-Mtich. Education
'"v" By Caroline. ....
HERE is a certain class of people who do a great deal or talking
' about the mistake that is being made in this country of educating
. people above their positions.
Thank fortune that such a mistake can be made. It is a
mistake to glory in, not to weep over, C , m
If an Individual can- be educated and trained to fill a higher
rftcifinn thnn hu fafher or mother filled, it is not a thing to be
lamented, but rather to make us rejoice, rf or it means the advance of the race.
The upward step of an individual helps forward the world. The world is
only a company of individuals. - - ' .
Dissatisfaction with one's achievements and one's surroundings is a sign
of growth. '. , , .
When discontent moves to action it is more than a sign of growtn it is
growth. , '" ' i .
Some of the greatest benefactors of the human race have sprung from the
humblest social condition. They have been educated above their positions.
To glance simply at our own country, most of our great men have been
of humble origin. ; m , . .
Benjamin franklin, born a poor boy, educated himself above his position,
and he appreciated his education to such an extent that he was willing to give
time and money that others might be educated. He founded in Philadelphia
a college, now the University of Pennsylvania, and established a free library.
Abraham Lincoln was great because he was dissatisfied with his position.
His whole life was given to educating himself to fill a higher position. He
would no more than attain a position than he realized that there was a. higher
one which he might fill, with the result that he filled the highest position this
country has to offer. . " " ' -
Would he ever have done this if he had been satisfied with life in a log
cabin in the wilds of Kentucky? . ' ...
Don't be afraid of educating people so that they will be dissatisfied with
their position in life.
It is their only chance for growth. .
If people could be taught that dirt caused disease, and could be made to
feel the horror of sickness and disease, even though they were healthy them
selves, streets would be cleaned and houss would be clean and sanitary.
It is because the majority of the people are satisfied with the dirty streets
that the. streets are dirty. -
Make every individual in the city dissatisfied with the way the streets are
cleaned. You will find the streets no longer dirty.
Make every person in the State dissatisfied with the roads that connect the
Various towns and you are bound to have good road. -- . ..
Don't be afraid of educating the individual above his position, for in the
education of the Individual lies the salvation of . the country. New York
Journal. ' . " ,
Ihe Men and Boats of
Boston Fishing Fleet
By Tames B. Connolly. ; V
AILING out of Boston is' a
beauty of model, and speed,
n Kx enmiissoii fhpir
J class of vessels that sail
bar the famous fleet of Gloucester:
This Boston fleet is manned by a cosmopolitan lot. who are
u vaaaaio Tortiiari v of their sailing quaii-
ties. Good seaman all some beyond compare Irishmen still with the Deguiims
brogue of the south and .west counties, Yankees from Maine and Massachusetts,
Portuguese from'the Azores, with a strong infusion of Nova Scotians and New
foundlanders, and scattering French, English; and Scandinavians.
No .class of men afloat worry less about heavy weather than do these men,
nowhere will you find men more deeply versed in the ways or vessels or
quicker to meet an emergency; none will carry sail longer, or, if out in a, aory,
will hang on to their trawls longer if it comes to blow, or the fog settles, or
the sea kicks up. In the matter of courage, endurance and skill, they are the
limit:- v-' ' ' ,
The standard for this superb little navy was first established by a lot of men
cf Irish blood, from Galway and Waterford originally, who chose this most haz
ardous way to make a living and in other days, with the old-class vessels, it
was ' terribly hazardous who chose this life, tender-hearted men and men of
family though most of them were, in preference to taking orders from uncon
genial, peoples ashore. .
They are still there, an unassuming lot of adventurers taking the most
desperate chances In the calmest way great shipmates all, tenderness em
bodied and greatness of aoul. beyond estimation. Scribner's Magazine. ' " -
In Defense qf
J By Dr; Robert G. Eccles.
0 begin with all of the most
of thp fond wa Afl i. Nature,
II ' I We have been consuming
I . ' a XI
ancestors consumea inem ior millenniums ukiuib ua. ,
Two" grains of salicylic acid' will preserve a pound of food
for a reasonable length of time. A grain is the amount most
lv 11 cod Tn order tonreserve the same amount of food
W I J I m-j ' - - - ' m - -
with equal safty one pound of sugar would be required. In fifteen pounds of
well-preserved food there would be thirty grains of salicylic acjd. It is a very
common thing for physicians to administer to their patients thirty, grains at
a dose and keep up the administration for many days with benefit to the pa
tient. Fifteen pounds of food preserved to an equal extent by sugar would
require fifteen pounds of sugar.- How long does the reader suppose that any
person could retain good health if they undertook to eat fifteen pounds of sugar
at a single sitting and keep taking such doses for weeks at a time?
As a grain of salicylic acid will preserve more food with equal certainty
than an ounce of salt, and as fifteen grains of salicylic acid would equal in
preserving power over a pound of salt, who would hesitate in choosing the
alternative doses of . thirty grains of salicylic , acid or of two pounds of table
alt? One pound of salt is a fatal dose. Public Opinion.
Ants that Eat Rock.
- The engineers in charge of ft tele
graph line at Hong-Kong were1 sur
prised recently by. the discovery that
about seven miles of their cable,
though it was well protected, and laid
underground in a concrete trough,
had been severely damaged. For the
greater part of the length oval holes
" had been bored quite through the cas
ing down to the copper wire itself.
It was agreed that insects must
have been the authors of the mis
chief, though what kind of insects
was not obvious. It might be pos
Bible to find one which enjoys perfor
ating lead. But these insects seemed
to have drilled the holes, not in order
to. make a passage, but by way of
making a meal! : They had taken a
dinner of six courses, consisting first
' of tarred rope, then of lead, then of
twisted rope, then of tape, then, of
fibre and lastly of India rubber.
- The copper strand had been too much
'for them.
x Portfona'of the damaged cable were
ent to the Natural History Museum
trh h hone that some opinion
might be given, and the oracle re
plied that there could be very; little
doubt that the damage was caused by
white ants. Specimens of their ?pecu-
and industry
are kept 'in the museum, which "show
not only that' they will ' eat lead, but
will also bore through, hard sandstone
tock. jLcnaon spectator.
An American" ftwi
- An aUeged American who has been
very auccessiui a a swindler of dames
t on the wing, the noi!nA hstmr n-n.
ittill tO find him atlVwhAre Haana,
. czz cttcful seajching. The man
fleet of fishing scnooners mat u
and stanchness in heavy weather are
near admirers say equalled by any
the seas; and, saying that, they do not
Preservatives
common among them are constituents
herself, has nut them into our food.
them since time began. Our savage
M 111 1 1 9 .... .
ew of a celebratedt transatlantic mil
iionaire, and bowled around Paris in
a magnificent motor car. He went to
the nocturnal restaurants and made
the acquaintance of many women to
whom he offered presents, and whom
he treated to dinners and lunfiheona.
After a few days he borrowed money
from his dupes, to whom he subse
quently gave checks purporting to be'
on a well-known American bank. The
checks were found to be worthless.
It is said that the swindler raised
$20,000 by his transactions, but this
is probably exaggerated!. At any rate,
his victims have been thronging, with
tears in their eyes, to the police sup
erintendent of the Pare Monceau dis
trict. The same swindler, is said to
have victimised several tradesmen
and hotelkeepers by his spurious Am- ?
erican checks. London Telegraph.
Be Topical.
There has been an article receiv?.
ed at this office, in. the first part, the
writer gives a, mournful declaration
of his .dead mother and then endings
with a hot discussion dn politics, by
mud slinging and vituperation that he
Js throwing upon his colleagues. X
would advise the party when he has
two subjects to write on, giye them
under two headings. Hyden Thou
sandsticks. - "
f In Germany it has often happened
that the universities were closed be
cause all the students and professors
had Joined the army.
The woman who has nothing but
evil to say of her men associates pro
claims Kbst: 'own weakness and frivol.
Jty. of character. -
''' , jcj icr" in, ""-T7'''lA mm- ' v .'a.';;. v-Jn " 7-; - - r
Fruit Production. "
The family that consumes a bushel
of - good fruit this year will want a
larger quantity- next year; hence it
would appear that both quantity and
quality should be our aim. When we
Srodcce fruit for sale, we often think
le people want nothing but quantity,
whet in reality they also want quality.
I believe the planting of fruit is being:
overdone, and those who have planted
for quantity only will find no market
for, their fruit at profitable prices. A
few years ago, fall and winter varieties
of pears of high quality brought good
prices, but' the large planting of Kief
f era drove out even quality, and the
people have lost their taste for pears
Weekly Witness.
Feeding Fowls. ' :
The manner and - time of feeding .
fowls is of nearly as much importance
as the feed itself. We always adopt a
regular system of feeding, and only
change with the seasons of the year, or
when conditions absolutely require it.
We have known a change of feed and
the time of feeding it, to make a dif
ference, with1 our own flock of Leg-'
horns, of over four hundred eggs a day ,
inside of two weeks. Too much stress
cannot be laid on regularity in feed
ing, and the adherence to a steady sys
tem, only changing when there 'Is a
good reason for so doing All soft feed
should be fed on wide boards or in'
troughs which are kept clean, and the
fowls should never be allowed, to
huddle together any more than is nec
essary. Exercise is of prime Impor
tance when trying to produce eggs dur
Ing the winter months. By keeping the
floor of the house littered with dry ,
straw, chaff or leaves, and scattering
the whole feed into it, the fowls-get
all the exercise they need. Weekly
Witness.
The Stretching Wire.
As I have seen a lot of ways to set
and brace corner posts for pastures in
your valuable paper, I will give you
my way of stretching wire a half mile J
fcmg.' Get a wagon and, back it up to
te corner post so that the hub of the
hihd wheel is in line with the rest of
the posts.. Next get a post or a piece
of 4x4 timber seven feet long and put
from the centre the corner post or
half-way up the post, to the hind axle
of the wagon near the wheel. , Then
raise the hind wheel off the ground,
next get a small piece of chain with
grab hook to fasten around spoke of
wheel, then fasten the wire to the end
of the chain and start turning oh the
wheel. One man can stretch wire so
tight that he could break it if he
turned too much on the" wheel.. When
the wire is stretched as tight as .wanted
either tie with a piece of rope the hind
wheel to the front wheel, or have a
stick to put between the spoke and
under the wagon box to keep the wheel
from turning back, and then go and
drive in your, staples. You'll find this
is the quickest and best way to stretch'
wire a long distance. Chas. H. Sim-'
monds in the Epitomist. 4 v 5
Silage Better Than Cured Corn.
The raising of corn for the silo and
the feeding of silage is in great favor
in this section among our milk pro
ducers. There is one point I . think
some writers have overlooked, and
that is in comparing the amount of
waste in the methods of dry curing,
and siloing corn. In the dry curing
the cattle leave the butts and' in the
silo some rots in the corners and on
top. It seems : manifestly unfair to
compare the losses on equal terms.
The reason is that corn raised for ;
dry curing is always our native field
variety and Is of small growth, and
would not make more than five to
eight tons, green, per acre after the
ears are 'off; while corn that is in
tended for the silo is usually a large
variety that would not be suitable to
dry and . Is consequently raised much
cheaper and will produce ' fifteen to
twenty tons per acre. In making com
parisons, we must reckon at T least
three times as much waste4 in : the silo
to equal the one part waste in the dry
curing. Another point is that in ihe
dry fodder there is usually no corn in
it at all, while for the silo the ears'are
usually all. cut in, which makes it much
the richer feed without extra cost .of
husking, etc. . - "
" The American Hog. o
About two-fifths of - the world's hog
supply is produced in the V United
States, according to an advance . proof
of a short bulletin to be issued by the
Department of Agriculture on market
ing swine, and about 85 per cent, of
these are produced in the Mississippi
valley; hence this section of the coun
try has developed the fat or lard hog
and has set the standard for hogs in
other parts of the United States. J
, ! The fat or lard hog is such because
corn . has been his .principal feed and
because there has been a demand for
pork from such a hog, and he will con
form - to the present prevailing type
Just as long as corn remains his prin
cipal feed. ' iTi'-V" ":-J s
Butcher hogs are. the best hogs from
the fat or lard hog standpoint that
come to market, and should be used as
a standard for comparison; )
From the bacon market standpoint
the English bacon hog is the ; ideal
toward which hogs are being devel
oped.' J J- ,'.-''" '
4 To the close observer it is apparent
BEN
that the gradually changing conditions
brought about by the development of
the United States, and the increase in
the price of , corn resulting from its
varied commercial uses, cause the hog.
to be fed a more mixed and usually a
morev nitrogenous ration. This will in
the future affect the type of the hog
of the United States, so that it will
more nearly approach that of the Eng
lish bacon hog. Farmers' Home Jour
nal. - ' ,. ,
i rV , The Staple Crops.
According to the final calculations or
the United States Department of Agri
culture crop yields were bountiful this
season.. Values are. high on the whole.
The corn amounts in total to 2,467,480,
9$ bushels, the " second largest yield
on record, of a value on the farm of
$1,087,461,440. This figures to some
thing over 44 cents in the bin. ' With
4such a value and a second best-on-record
yield the corn status leaves
little to be desired. The wheat show
ing is not quite so satisfactory. The
total crop of the winter and spring
Varieties amounts to 552,399,517 bushels,
but the weight in the spring wheat
States is light compared .with that of
arear ago, showing the effects of the
black rust which invaded the Northern
fields last fall and caused such a furore
in the grain pits In every large city in
the world. This lowers the milling
value of the . spring wheat. The re
turned value in the bin on the farm is
close to $1, in fact one may call it
dollar wheat this year. The weight as
promulgated is for Minnesota 52
pounds, against 55 in 1903; for North
Dakota, 51 pounds, as against 56, and
for South Dakota, 50 pounds, as against
58 last season. Oats made a splendid
crop. The total reaches 894,595,552
bushelSi which is not far from the pre
liminary estimate of 900,000,000 bushels
jn'ade ' in October. The main feature,
however, of the 1904 oat crop is not so
much the yield per acre as the super
lative quality of the grain. It is prob
able that more of this crop will be fed
out duringthe cold weather, than in
any other jSeason,. for the reason that
in comparison1 wfth corn, oats seem
cheap- and the farmers for the most
part are. able and disposed to hold.
Barley, rye and the other grains hold
their own well and the figures show
that hay is worth very nearly $9 per
ton In mow and stack: Breeders' Ga
zette. VALUE OF LIGHTNING RODS.
Proper Installation Needed Rules for
Setting Up Protective Apparatus,
XM.' R. Chavannes discusses the gen
eral prejudice "against: lightning rods
in Paris Electrlcien, and his argu
ment is translated and adapted by the
Electrical Review. He calls attention
to, the need of investigating more
thoroughly the value of these devices
so as to remove this feeling. A dis-
I faction " is drawn between lightning
arrebters vparaiouaresj ana ngntning
rods (paratonnerres), the former be
ing that type of apparatus intended to
iitotect objects insulated from the
earth, and the latter protective devic
es for objects not so insulated. The
reliability of lightning arresters has
been taken up by a Swiss commis
sion, but its report has not yet been
rrtade public. M. Chavannes holds
that lightning rods are valuable pro
tective devices when properly in
stalled, but the way in which this
should be done is not well recognized.
The original idea of a lightning rod
was a device which would allow at
mospheric charges to escape slowly to
the ground, but, in fact, the action of
the device is generally otherwise.
Discharges are sudden and severe,
and have apparently an oscillatory
character. M. Chavannes has con
ducted experiments on a laboratory
scale, with a view of studying the ef
fect of sudden oscillatory discharges,
"using for this purpose high-tension
transformers. . These experiments
have given the following results: The
surface, of a lightning conductor is as
important as its cross-section. The
ohmic resistance of the conductor is
of little Importance. Breaks in the
continuity of the conductor are of
small consequence.' The self-induction
of 'the conductor , should be as
small as possible. Induction between
the lightning conductor and neighbor
ing circuits may give rise to discharg
es in these circuits, and offer a re
sistance, to the discharge of the main
'circuit. A - house covered with a
metal roof is analogous to a condens
er, and may set up resonance phe
nomena. , ,
The following rules should be ob
served, wherever possible: All ligh.
ning protective apparatus should be
placed exterior to the building. The
rod, ' the conductor; and the ground
plate should be placed in a straight
line J v The coefficient of self-induction
should be sensibly zero: -While it is J
noi aiways possioie to arrange " the
diffensat parts of the lightning rod in
a straight line, unnecessary bends
should be avoided.' M.' Chavannes be-
Mleves that, when the question has
been studied thoroughly and the nec-
essary conditions ; more fully under
stood, the real value of lightning rods
will; be recognized, and that by means
of - them, the accidents due to atmos
pheric, discharges will -be greatly re
duced. ; '
A Tip as to. Porch Pilloyvs.
A writer in a current magazine
gives some useful suggestions : for
porch and roof garden furniture.
Among other things, she recommends
that cushions be covered on one side
with oilcloth. At night the oilcloth
side should be turned uppermost, so
if it should rain they will suffer no
harm. Moss is used for stuffllng the
pillows, since dampness is fatal to
feathers or down.
To" Look Young.
If you wrish to be young looking and
happy adopt as your principle in life
never to expect : too much of people.
A large amount of worry and trouble
arises from bur too great expecta
tions of others. We expect loo much
of our children; they must be gifted,
beautiful, obedient, little compendi
ums of all the virtues, and If they
are not this we think bitter, things
and sew wrinkles and gray hair for
ourselves. We expect too much of our
friends, and ill nature is the result
of the disappointments encountered.
The housekeeper develops into a do
mestic pessimist who does not find
the orderliness and cleanliness which
she expects. '
Importance of the Belt.
There is possibly no one way. in
Which a woman may so easily- make or
mar the smartness of a costume as by
a belt If this be of a color seen no
where else in her gowning, it attracts
criticism to itself and thereby detracts
from the force of the entire outfit.
While the silk belt is still worn, it
is not so smart as the leather belt
or that of the material of the gown.
The suede belts are very popular for
shirtwaist wear because they-.are
soft in texture and conform easily to
the lines of the waist These are in
all of the new: mauve and pastel
shades and are worn with buckles of
mother-of-pearl or leather. The
buckles are colonial in design and
shape, many beautiful ones being
shown. - :
For Morning Wear.
The plaid ginghams, which will be
osed for morning wear are rather a
relief to the sameness of solid colors.
They appeal more than figured de
signs. The plaid should not be decid
ed In contrast or it utterly takes
away from the smartness of the frock.
Two or three shades of blue and pale
green, or pink, black and white, may
be- used. They do not look ' as glar
ing as they sound. They are deftly
mingled and fade one into the other in
a way that does not jar the artistic
sense. ' ." ,
When the fabric is plaited, which it
is intended to be, the "effect is quite
refreshing.
Take a pink and black and white
plaid all shaded into a good whole
and make it with knife-plaited skirt
opening on a box plait back and front
and a three-inch hem stitched at top,
with a blouse in fine plaits running on
the bias from shoulder to waist show
ing a V-shaped front and back of eye
let embroidery and white linen, and
you get a very pretty morning gown.
' Silk Stockings.
It- is growing more - and, more the
fashion for women to do up their own
nice frocks and silk underwear and
embroideries, in order to save them
from the devastation of the laundry.
It Is i really fascinating work and
there is no reason why brains should
not be put at the service of this brand
of household art as well as into the
embroidery work, says the . Philadel
phia Inquirer. Stockings should- be
washed and rinsed In lukewarm water,
then wrung between ; towels. C Silk un
derwear : should be soaked V half an
hour in warm suds and ammonia water,
allowing a tablespoonf ul of ammonia
to a gallon of water. Rub gently with
the hands, pressing and squeezing,
but not rubbing on . the board Never
rub soap directly ; on the garment, and
do not be too generous in the matter
of soap. Above all jthings taboo chem
icals or strong; washing . powders.
Rinse through , two warm waters of
the same temperature as the- suds,
adding to the last a ..trifle of ultra
marine blue, and a tablespoonful of IU
quid gum arable. Smooth out: and
hang as carefully as possible, in order
to avoid the wrinkles so hard to iron
out of silk without Injury, to the fab
ric. When almost dry press under
muslin. .
r ''Gosh," and ."Oh Fudge."
A dispatch" from Carbondale, Pa
says: "The local branch of the W. C.
Tt has addressed ; an open letter
to women and school, girls admonish
ing against the common use of such
expressions as "My Lord!" and "Good
Heavens! ? They say that the men are
the principal offenders in this respect,
but they despair of reforming: them.
The leaders of the union interviewed
said that it was the Intention , of the
loeal union to start a crusade against
the use of all slang. "By Qeh!w "Oh,
'Lordie!"
1TI..V1
xvuuoer.- n.n?
xuiocjter wiii De blamed as "swear"
woras. 4
A.Mrs. Ann Brodie, suDerinte
of; the department of purtt-v,at whose
dictation the letter was written, said
"Prominent members of the church
are given to this form of profanity,,
and yet they wander at the increasing
blasphemy throughout the : country.
Oh, for a woman actuated with the
spirit to go out fearlessly and smash
the blasphemers."
"The teachers in the public
schools," said another,, "are respon
sible for a great deal of this form of,
swearing. .They use such expressions,
as 'Gracious and 'Goodness,' and in'
my opinion these are at best substi-'
tutes for profanity." , '
The Back Yard Beautiful.
The back, yard beautiful is well:,
drained. .To have a back yard damp
from standing, water, littered and sog-'
gy from household ' refuse, makes it '
impossible to be anything but an eye-'
sore ir "and a constant menace to
health, says the Washington Times. .'
The water from sinks and drains,
should be carried as far as possible .
from the dwelling. Every solid sub-:
stance should be carefully excluded '.
from the drains and be destroyed by...
burning. This is the only sanitary5,
disposition of garbage, and each f am-j
ily should burn its own daily. Where $
domestic animals are kept much can
le fed to them, and on farms the re-,
mainder thrown on the compost heap.
Broken glass, dishes and discarded
tin cans will " accumulate .. in every
house and the best method of dispos
ing of them is to have a barrel or cask
tidily set aside to throw them in,' and
when the receptacle is full the junk
man or village dump is ready to re-.
ceive them. Another barrel should be
ready for all the odds and ends, torn
wrapping r paper, superfluous and
soiled papers, worn out bits of car
pet and all kindred things that are
too large to burn in the kitchen fire.
Then when the garden rubbish is,
burned each spring these will kindle
the flames. . -
: Coal ashes should be piled into as
compact and unobtrusive a heap as
possible and thoroughly cleaned away
every spring. Well packed down,
these garden beds, and are often used
to fill hollows and holes with a lib
eral coating of earth over them.
A large part of the back yard
should be sown to grass. ' A nice bit
of grass kept as neatly as a lawn is
the , housewife's pride, where she
bleaches her household linen until
"snowy white" is no mere" phrase.
There are removed all stains, and all
traces of ill odors are replaced with
the freshness of evening breezes and
morning dews, and here the bedding '
and clothes are hung until saturated
with oxygen.
When space allows, a garden is a
back yard acquisition where early '
vegetables may grow as family tastes ;
dictate. Sage thyme, balm, .sweet
marjoram and lavender are, useful in
making savory many otherwise plain
dishes, and are especially fitted j to
grow in a back" yard. Small fruits
can fill many a vacant spot, in their;
season add to the family comfort, and
in their care and growth be a con-
stant pleasure to the family gardener. -
A hedge of barberry, arbor vitae,
or cedar or osage orange Is far bet
ter than a fence to divide the, front
and back yards, or to confine the gar
den. It requires a few years to have
tbem grow properly and perhaps a
slight fence for protection during the
first year." .
v A trellis of grapevines is admirable
as a screen between the ' vegetable
garden and front lawn. If something 1
of more rapid growth is wanted flow-'
ering climbers are best, and with
morning, glory or honeysuckle, climb
ing rose or woodbine, to select from,
every taste may be gratified. '
Fashion Hints.
A suit of tan-colored voile was es
pecially admired. ;
; White linen and muslin gowns are
being shown in all the shops.
' A cl:.nrming gown of dark blue chi'
fon voile in a tine quality was entire-'
ly accordion 'plaited. - -
A' dainty whHe gown with some nov
el featuies was made of dotted Swiss
and very sheer lawn.
" A' pretty model In green and blue
plaid was effectively trimmed with
stitched green taifeta bands.
The matching fad has been extend-1'
ed to gloves. The latest glove is lined
at the top with colored kid, in all'
shades. :'';S. ' ,C:" - '
An extremely pretty suit of dark
led .checked silk had a plaited skirt,
Vie : bottom of which was-" trimmed .
with puffed bands of the silk put on
in a garland pattern.
. A deea tan Continental shape, in a.
fine, flexible straw, had a band of tan
maline draped around the crown, and
loose -bunches ; of rich . red roses and .
leaves . in three of the dents in the
brim. ' .v ;r . ; .
fudge!'