folk
mm.
Three Cents the Copy.
Subscription Prjcgl.QQ Per Year in AdvanT
VOL XIII.
COLTJMBUh, N. C, THURSDAY APRIL 30. 1908. "717
1 WflRTH rAPHI
i
The News of Old North State Gathered and Put
in Condensed form.
)HgjHNHIHK
Shocking Goldsboro Tragedy
(,'olcisboro, Special. One of the
nost shocking tragedies in the his
Ms of Goldsboro occurred here Tues-
iv night, when Howard Bain made a I
1 . ! :i j i
unieruus asstiuii. upwu u uu
ivn-ninnuis-oiu uuuv. buuuuuk we
fermer three times through the chest
vith a 32 calibre revolver. The balls
vent throu
igh the body, inflicting
rounds from which the woman can
iardly recover. It seems that on
un,un( of some family trouble Bain
jetber, having , been separated a taken UP m argument, in which the
B0Brt or more. Mrs. Bain was at attorneys in the case delivered them
he home of her parents, Mr. and selves of things both interesting and
Urs. J CLumu w.u ugi1(l1 Qf dogest morj1 distiQction
,,muntH yu uuamius
luS(J here, and had just retired for
e night when she was asked by
h
liUMiauu, nu uu cuuic tu uwiCCPn which h fWxr olUJ
iaor, to get up and open it
7mmn f
imme-
liatatv noon opening the door
1116
eport of a pistol firing in rapid
nieccssioii was neara Dy Mr. Aic
?utten in another part of the house
Mr. McCufien rushed to the scene,
ast in time to prevent the fourth
feet bv throwing his hand under the
. i 1 i i i
vammev ot me pistol as it camel
lon-n. terribly lacerating his hand.
'I is said
that one shot was aimed I
mi . - 1
if iie u;nn . uui &uuc& me mumer
iistead. MeOulleh being a much
arger and stronger man than Bain
md having a nerve than which there
s ao better, succeeded in over-power-ii;r
and disarming the would-be mur
terer. Without waiting for assist
ive. Met alien took Bain to nolice
i L . L .. U..f .1 J.1 il
letdquarters, where he was turned
ver to the authorities and locked up.
It is known that Bain was drinking
yesterday, but today he is sober and
;eeins to snner no remorse 01 con
eience. In fact, he was heard to
?ay this morning that' he only re
gretted losing his job and the fact
hat he did not fire six shots into his
rife instead of three. Bain gives no
eason for the act except to say,
'A jealous woman will make a man
?razy enough to do anything.' ' It is
reported that parties have heard him
assert that he was going to kill his
wife and baby, which goes to prove
that the act was premeditated
Jury Springs Sensation.
Asheville, Special. A sensational
incident occured in Superior Court
when the grand jury returned true
bills of indictment against the Ashe
ville Pharmacy, the proprietor and a
clerk, charged with selling whiskey
without license. An investigation re
vealed the fact that a dinner party
was given at one of tho hotels recent
ly and that champagne was. served.
It further -developed that the cham
pagne, a case, was purchased from
the Asheville Pharmacy. It was al
leged by the officers that the goods
ws sent to the dinner, and that af
terwards a physician's prescription
was given. The pharmacy proprietor
and his clerks maintain that the case
! champagne was delivered when the
j 8 Prescription was present-
e(
warrants will be issued to-mor-
row.
d the trial will probably be
uad tins week.
It is nnt. nnhkftlv
oiners will be involved in the
affair.
Der.d at His Post,
yetteville, Special Henty Usery
gatekeeper at the lower Hay street
erossaig of the Atlantic Coast Line
f, W3s found dead in his
woth near the track shortly after he
jent on duty, about 7 o'clock, Thurs
day morning. He literally died at his
post, a friend passing by looked In
to say ood morning and found the
?ate keeper sitting in a chair, appar
ently asleep in a natural position,
vvu" his hat on his knee. A closer
animation disclosed the fact of his
oeath. T'sery Avas 75 years old and
a v onf ederate veteran.
Celebration at Apex.
X1n, SpeciaLThe laying of the
corner-stone of the new public school
building at Apex on Easter Monday
Ire an oecasin which attracted , a
anT CrW(i to that progressive place,
to J.ne exercises were 'full of interest
is a l lle scnol building in Apex
splendid one and was erected at
a C08 of $7,000.
Salisbury's B. & L.
foSfSbury' SPecial Th Citizens'
soc ative BuildinS an Lan As
ation, whieh was organized in this
tii," a year is having 8004
berg subscription list now num-
bein eighteen hundred shares and is
rea 1IK'reased evei7 Saturday. Al-
huse a ?0d many new' modern
the etSithave been built in and around
whie otl 0u.n tnis association,
t thic rs are n course of erection
dent , e- E. Heilie is Dresi-
i "'hi
Measurer.
L. Smoot secretary and
IMA AFFAIDC
Fair Acquitted.
Charlotte, Special. The jury in
the case of the State vs. the Meck
lenburg Fair Association and the
roara or Directors brought in a
verdict of acquittal. The prosecu
tion had withdrawn the charge of
peAnitting immoral shows and the
case was reduced to a charge of per
mitting gambling. TJje evidence hav
ing been completed the session was
luI1 of closest mor& distinction. In
this case Mr Heriot Clarks th g
licit was stockholder in Jhe
viicu mm iu
nvnsp1,f0 tt l i i ,
hla rt A ,..1,,,.. 4.1 i
. wa y www) wiicn me same was ten-
dered some time since. The verdict
of the jury is pretty generally accept
ed as correct.
Shot Holes and Gashes.
Spencer, Special. With 22 inches
I of gashes in his bodv and head. John
Shaw, a colored fireman on the Sou-
i.1 1 .
mem riauway, is in Kowan jail
charged with shooting five holes in
Bob Watts, a colored preacher in
East Spencer Monday night. It all
occured at an ordinary colored festi
val in a hall in the colored settlement
and in the meele Sharon Holmes, a
bystander, was also shot twice and is
severely injured.. The colored preach-
er, who was attending the festival.
and whom Shaw- accuses of slashing
him with a razor, is in a critical con
dition at a hospital in Salisbury, and
his recovery is unexpected.
? .
Cox is President.
Winston-Salem, Special The bi
ennial convention of Sigma Alpha
Epsilon adjourened after the election
of officers. The selection of time and
place for the next convention was
left with the new officers, these be
ing as follows: President, Albert L.
Cox. of Raleigh; Vice-president, W.
R. Johnson, of Crescent, Va. Secre
tary and Treasurer, T. McN. Simpson
of Spartanburg. Virginia, North
Carolina, South Carolina and the
District of Columbia were represent
ed at the convention, which was one
of the best ever held.
Christian Endeavor Meet.
Elon College, Special. The North
Carolina State Convention of Christ
ian Endeavor convened here in an
nual session at 10:30 o'clock Wednes
day morning. The sessions are being
held in the college chapel, and a large
number of delegates is in attendance.
The Christian Endeavor Society of
Elon College is one of the strongest
and ' most active of the societies in
the State union, and as hosts to the
convention the members are giving
the visiting delegates the most cor
dial and hospitable entertainment,
and in this way they are receiving
the heartiest co-operation of the com
munity, and they are leaving nothing
undone.
He Shot Another.
Asheville, Special J. B. Allison,
who several months ago shot and
killed a young man named Roberts
from Charlotte, while Allison had
Roberts under arrest, shot a negro
here last week and inflicted injuries
from which it is feared the man will
die. Allison is now employed as
stable manager for a local dray com
pany, and says that he caught the ne
gro stealing hay ; that he called to the
man to desist, whereupon the negro
drew a weapon. A vicious looking
knife was found beside the negro af
ter the shooting.
Safe Blowers Failed.
Winston-Salem, . Special. Safe
blowers entered the postoffice at Ru
ral Hall last week but they failed to
enter the safe though it was badly
damaged by the explosives used. The
robbers were evidently frightened
away, as they departed without se
curing either money or stamps. There
is no clue to the guilty parties.
"
Series of Three Fires.
Durham, Special A series of three
fires in the city and country des
stroyed five bouses iq quick success
ion. At least two of the fires were
of incendiary origin.
Tar Heel Items.
Secretary Taft has consented to
visit Gieensboro on the occasion of
its centennial celebration in October
and deliver an address, provided noth
ing unexpected occurs to prevent his
doing so.
i vmm iheb
Interesting Explanation of the
Post Office Ruling
ABOUT EXPIRED SUBSCRIPTIONS
rhird Assistant Postmaster General,
Hon. A. L. Lawsbe, TtTrpins the
Relations Between Newspapers and
the Postoffice Department in an
Address Before the North Carolina
Press Association.
Charlotte, N. C, Special The
meeting of the North Carolina State
Press Association here last week was
an event of much interest. One of the
prominent features of the meeting
was the presence of Hon. A. L. Lew
che. Third Assictant Postmaster
General, who addressed the publish
ers upon the relations of the post
office department to the press of the
country. The address was of especial
public interest at this time, because
af a recent ruling of the postofnee de
partment concerning delinquent sub
scriptions to newspapers and period
icals which are entitled to postage at
second class rates. The substance of
Mr. Lawche's address was as follows:
The speaker briefly stated the
rates of postage fixed by Congress on
the first-class rate of two cents for
each ounce or fraction thereof on
written matter or matter sealed
against inspection ; the third-class
rate of one cent for each two ounces
Dr fraction thereof on Drinted mat
ter other than newspapers and peri
odicals, including books, circulars,
etc., and the fourth-class rate of
one cent per ounce or fraction there
af on all matter (usually merchan
dise) not embraced in the other
classes. The first, third and fourth
elass rates are for the general pub
lic. Rate a Special Privilege.
The publisher of a newspaper or
periodical admitted to the second
class enjoys a rate of postage for his
product not accorded to any other
sitizen or class of citizens, or to any
other industry a general rate of 1
cent per pound and a free rate with
in the county of publication under
prescribed conditions.
The .next lowest rate of postage is
that granted to the general public on
mailing of newspapers and other
periodicals which have been admitted
to the second-class at the rate of 1
cent for each 4 ounces or fraction
thereof. The next cheapest rate is
that on books and other printed mat
ter, of 1 cent for each ounces oi
fraction thereof.
The statistics of the Postoffice De
partment sli ow that there is an aver
age 42 sealed letters to the pound.
The business publie and the people
2-enerally therefore pay at the rate of
S4 cents per pound on their letters;
they pay an average of about 10
cents per pound on mailings of books
and other printed matter, and about
20 . cents per pound for merchandise,
the government gaining over the
ounce rate by reason of taking ad
vantage of the fractions of an ounce
offered.
The Extent of the Favor.
The extent of the privilege or favor
conferred upon the publishers of le
gitimate newspapers and periodicals
by the special rates of one cent a
pound is diclosed in the fact that
newspapers and periodicals enjoying
the second-class mailing privilege
constitute 67 per cent, of the matter
carried in the mails, but yield only 4
per cent, of th total revenues. All
other classes of mail matter the let
ters, the circulars, the books . and
merchandise, and under the frapks of
members of Congress comprise but
33 per cent, of the total weight of
the mails and yield about 96 per
cent, of the revenue. A change in
the rates of mail transportation will
not affect this proportion. A change
in the relative percentage of second-
elass matter carried as compared
with other matter would, however af
fect the expenditure for transporta
tion, as the expense for carrying the
mails is determined largely by
weight.
The second-class rate is in reality
a subsidy a "privilege,! as it ig
termed in the act of 1901, to be al
lowed only when the terms under
which it is granted are complied
with and to be continued only so
long as the conditions of the law arc
met. It is provided by statute that
when conditions are not maintained
the privilege may be annulled after a
hearing granted to the publisher.
The Desire of the Department.
Mr. Lawsbe explained that the pol
icy of the department is to cure, so
far as possible under existing law.
some of the gravest abuses of the
second-class mailing privileges, while
imposing the least amount of incon
venience and annoyance tp legitimate
publishers those who do not at
tempt to evade the spirit and pur
pose of the law by padding then
subscription lists with free subscrip
tions, fake subscriptions, expired sub-
sqriptions, etc., for the purpose oi
securing a wider field' for the circula
tion of advertising matter at increas
ed rates.
The pound rate for newspapers
and periodicals which meet the re
strictions of the statute was defen
ded on the ground that they are the
one great educational factor of oui
country in their true; intent and pur
pose as recognized $y Congress in
framing the Jaw. Furthermore, second-class
matter originates a vast
amount of first, third1 and fourth-class
mail matter. That ; fact, however,
should not be made: the excuse foi
allowing all sorts of abuses. The
conditions surrounding second-class
postage were intended to directly fa
vor the legitimate, and at the same
time protect & from,' the illegitimate
publication.
The point was emphasized that the
object aimed at is to protect both
the publisher and. the government,
and give the people j the real benefit
of the low rate of postage, while pro
tecting them from unscrupulous pub
lishers. A far bett4r understanding
of the rule will doubtless result from
the information giveii in the address
Negro Shoots White Man.
Hickory, N. C, Special. The con
troversy between fojur young white
men and two nogrdes at 7 o 'clock
Saturday afternoon at Connelly
Springs resulted in the negro's shoot
ing Pat Berry in tle forehead, kill
ing him instantly, j The negroes sc
far have not been captured. The
last seen of them they were making
their way in the direction of Hick
ory. I
Sidney Herbert Lacy Dead.
Orlando, Fla., Spebial. Major Sid
ney Herbert Lacy, journalist, soldier
and historian, died at his home at
Maitland. Over th;e pen name of
Sydney Herbert he ; had for years
contributed an interesting article
each Sunday fori The Savannah
Morning News. He was the best post
ed man in the United States on the
history of the civil -war, viewed from
both the Federal' and Confederate
sides. -
Alleged Yeggman Arested.
'
Greenville, S. C, Special. A white
man giving his nam as W. J. Henry
was lodged in the (jounty jail Satur
day, charged with flowing open the
safe in Carpenter $rps.' store Mon
day night. He wai arested at Dun
can's, a town near! this city. The
evidence against him looks pretty
strong and he will lie held for trial in
all probability.
Head Official Old Inhabitant Asso
ciation i Dead.
Washington, Spjecial. John Ed
ward Libbey, president, and Charles
B. Church, vice-president, respective
ly, of the Oldest Inhabitants' Asso
ciation of the District of Columbia
died here. Mr. Libbey was born ir
this city Novembei- 22d, 1837. anc
Mr. Church at Jejferson, Frederic
county, Maryland, September 11th
1826. Both men had long been
identified with the jhimber business.
' t j
Special clocks, which need winding
up only once in 4p0 days, are now
manufactured in Munich.
Btnir RIGHT
Brain and Nerves Restored by Grape
Nuts Food.
The number of persons whose ail
ments were such that no other food
could be retained ait all. Is large and
reports are on the Increase.
"For twelve years I suffered from
dyspepsia, finding jno food that did
not distress me," frltes a Wisconsin
lady. "I was reduced from 145 to
90 lbs., gradually growing weaker
until I could leave my bed only a
short while at a time, and became un
able to speak; aloud.
"Three years agb I was attracted
by an article on Gjrape-Nuts and de
cided to try it.
"My stomach was so weak I could
not take cream, but I used Grape
Nuts with milk , and lime water. It
helped me from the first, building up
my system in a manner most aston
ishing to the friends who had thought
my recovery impossible.
"Soon I was able to take Grape
Nuts and cream for breakfast, and
lunch at night, with an egg and
Grape-Nuts for dinner.
"I am now able to eat fruit, meat
and nearly all vegetables for dinner,
but fondly continue Grape-Nuts for
breakfast and supper.
"At the time of beginning Grape-,
Nuts I could scarcely speak a sentence
without changing 1 words around or
'talking crooked' in some way, but my
brain and nerves have become so
strengthened that; I no longer have
that trouble." "There's a Reason."
Name given by Dostum Co., Battle
Creek. Mich. Read "The Road to
WeUvIUe." In pkgs.
DEATH LIST REACHES 500
Fhe Hurricane Which Swept Over
Eight States Friday Left a Path
of Death, Desolation and Want in
Its Wake Death List is Estimated
at Five Hundred and Hundreds
Are Seriously Injured.
Atlanta, Special. As a result of
;he storm which swept into Georgia
ifter having done extensive damage
m Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama,
15 persons are dead and at least one
mndred were injured, while many
)thers received bruises and scratches
'rom flying debris in a dozen towns
n this State.
The storm which first appeared in
-his State at Columbus, on the Ala
iama line, seems to have moved in
t northeasterly direction, striking
he towns of Ch'ippley, Harris, La
Jrange, Griffin, McDonough, Locust
Jrovo, Cedartown and Cave Springs,
vhile a portion of its fury was felt
n the eastern suburbs of Atlanta
tbortly after midnight.
Homes Swept Away.
At Cave Springs, near Rome,
rhere the largest loss of life oc
mrred, nine persons were killed and
line injured, while a score of ne
froes are reported to have been more
r less badly bruised. In this vicinity
he wind swept a path half a mile
vide and five miles long from the
mtskirts of Cave Springs in a south
westerly direction to Hamatie. There
s not a house left standing in the
jtprm-swept area. Hearn's Academy,
it Cave Springs, was badly dam-
gea. At iameo two nesrro section :
lands were killed, and
:r l i :
nan is reported dead at Stinson.
At Columbus Mrs. Vila Norris and
ier daughter were instantly killed
by the destruction of a pavflion at
STorth Highlands in which they were
Jtaying. The property loss in this
section will be heavy.
Griffin reports that three white
women were killed and eight white
persons injured and a property loss
f $50,000 sustained. The path of
the storm at this point was directly
)ver the cotton mill and cottages of
:he mill operatives. Twenty-five of
:hese cottages were entirely de
molished and the escape of their
ccupants is considered miraculous.
Ten Negroes Killed.
The boiler" affd enghfe room and
:he roof of the card room of the
Rushtown mills were blown away, as
was the commissary room. The Oak
Hill Baptist church and Levotie
mapel were destroyed, while a score
f other buildings sustained great
iamage. Physicians of the city
rushed to the scene of disaster and
?ave prompt relief to the injured,
who were removed to hospitals as
quickly as possible. Hundreds were
bruised and by flying missiles.
A. public meeting was held Sunday to
raise funds for the injured.
At Chipley Mrs. Frank Hopkins
and Mrs. Forrester and 10 negroes
were killed, while the husbands of
the two women were seriously in
jured. Practically every business
house in Chipley was more or less
lamaged; the hotel, in which there
were 11 guests, was blown down,
but none of its occupants was in
jured. All the warehouses were
J "ItV .
1 CENT
Ixmaxvuqis, ruuas ana buauiuisb ax xvtvisa
BELOW any other manufacturer or dealer in the world.
no not buy a Rtnirni f
or on any kind of terms,
ill
lo&ues illustrating ana aescnomg every Jtina oi mgn-graae ana low-grade
bicycles, old patterns and latest models, and learn of our remarkable LOW
PRICKS and wonderful new offers made possible by selling from factory
direct to rider with no middlemen's profits.
mm
WE SHIP OPt APPROVAL without a cent deposit, Pay the Freight and
allow 10 Days Free Trial and make other liberal terms which no other
house in the world will do. You will learn everything and get much valu
able information by simply writing us a postal.
WM W
We need a Ride Agent in every town and can offer an opportunity
to make money to suitable young men who apply at once.
.50 PUNCTURE
Price t
.80
To introduce
Wo Will Soli
You a Sample
NAILS. TACKS
OR GLASS
WON'T LET
torn Only
OUT THE AIR
(CASH WITH ORDER $4.66)
NO MORE TROUBLE FROM PUNCTURES.
Result of IS years experience in tire
makine. No danger from THORNS.
WU?$8
Remit
a
1
TUS. PINS. NAILS. TACKS or GLASS.
Serious punctures, like intentional knife cuts, can
be vulcanized like any other tire.
Two Hundred Thousand pairs now in actual use. Over
Sweaty-five Thousand pairs sold last year.
DESCRIPTION l Made in all sizes. It is lively and easy riding, very durable and lined .uide
with a special quality of rubber, vhich never becomes porous and which closes up small punctu
without allowing the air to escape. We have hundreds of letters from satisfied customers stating
that their tires have only been pumped up once or
an ordinary tire, the puncture :
prepared fabric on the tread. That '
or soft roads is overcome by t'ne patent "Basket
squeezed out between the tire and the road thus overcoming1 all suction. The regular price of these
tires is J8.50 per pair, but for advertising purposes we are making a special factory price to the rider
of only $4.80 per pair. All orders shipped same day letter is received. We ship CO.D. on approval.
Yon do not pay a cent until you have examined and found them strictly as represented.
We will allow a cash discount of 5 per cent (thereby making the price 0)4.65 per pair) if you send
FULL. CASH WITH ORDER and enclose this advertisement. We will also send one nickel
plated brass hand pump and two Sampson metal puncture closers on full paid orders (these metal
puncture closers to be used in case of intentional knife cuts or heavy gashes) . Tires to be returned
at OCR expense if for any reason they are not satisfactory on examination.
We are perfectly reliable and money sent to us is as safe as in a bank, Ask your Postmaster,
Banker, Express or Freight Agent or the Editor of this paper about ns. If you order a pair of
these tires, you will find that they will ride easier, run faster, wear better, last longer and look
finer than any tire you have ever used or seen at any price. Ve know that you will be so well pleased
that when you want a bicycle you will" give ns -'our order. We want you to send us a small trial
order at once, hence this remarkable tire offer.
flf m nTrn nrM rO dullt-up-whecls, saddles, pedals, parts and repairs, and
OCld I atfl0llfaatOj- everything in the bicycle line are sold by us at hall the usual
prices charged by dealers and repair men. Write for our big SUNDRY catalogue.
n hat Uf4fT but write us a postal today. DO NOT THINK OF BUYING a
VIM flv f Vrlf ff bicycle or a pair of tires from anyone until you know the new and
wonderful offers we are making. It only costs a postal to learn everything. Write it NOW.
MEAL CYCLE COMPANY,9 Dept. "1 L" ft H 10 ABC? ILL,
j i
Jdraagea and not a negro house is
left standing. The residence of H.
A Middlebrook was lifted from its
foundations, carried 150 vards and
deposited in its new position with
out being damaged.
The depot and throe freight cars
were blown away at Harris, a small
station three miles from Chipley.
One report says that six white per
sons and two negroes were killed at
that place. ,
Engineer Neisler Killed.
Engineer Samuel Neisler, of Abbe
ville, S. C, and a negro brakeman
were killed, and . Fireman G C.
Brown seriously injured when a
freight train on the Seaboard Ai.
j Line- ran into a washout at Tucker,
10 mnes trom Atlanta, early Satur
day. The' storm was first felt in At
lanta shortly after midnight, when
numerous houses in the southeastern
section of the city were unroofed.
The storm then jumped nearly a
mile to the, eastern edge of the
suburbs, where three houses stand
ing close together were demolished,
while houses on the opposite side of
the street were left untouched. A
vivid electrical display accompanied
the torrential rain and wind. Many
houses in the city were struck by
lightning and their inhabitants given
bad scares, but no one was injured.
A large suburban electric car, mak
ing its last trip to College Park, was
blown from the track at East Point
and its passengers compelled to walk
two miles in the blinding rain.
The usual freaks were played by
the Avind, one roof having been trans
ferred from a house to
i t i , j
i Dunaing. Twenty-seven
prisoners
1 Wre ln tne lt"e town mil. The
. ....
1! I Ji 1 , , i
root was lilted completely , off the
jail, leaving rain and debris beating
in upon the exposed prisoners, but so
terror-stricken were they that no4
one gained his freedom. None oi
the prisoners was seriously injured.
The wreckage which remained on the
site of a lumber mill near town
consisted largely of splinters from
the size of toothpieks up to small
sticks.
Are a Necessity
in the Country
Home.
The farther you are removed
from town to railroad station, the
more the telephone will save in
time and horse flesh. No man has
a right to compel one of the family
to lie in agony for hours while he
drives to town for the doctor. Tel
ephone and save half the suffering.-
Our Free Book tells how to or
ganize, build and operate tele
phone lines and systems.
Instruments sold on thirty days'
trial to responsible parties.
THE CADIZ ELECTRIC C0
201 CCC Building, Cadiz, Ohio.
,IS ALL IT WILL COST Y00
B'nitniiB
Ifll fek Are a Necessity j
to write for our big FREE BICYCLE catalogue
showing the most complete line of high-grade
until you have received our complete Free
ata-
- PROOF TIRES ?" X
PER PAIR
CAC
Notice the thick rubber tread
"A" and puncture itrips B"
and "D," also rim strip "H"
to prevent rim cutting. This
trre will outlast any omm
make SOFT, ELASTIC and
EASY KLDLNG. M
twice in r whole season. They weigh no more than
. t il T
e resisting qualities Deing given Dy several layers ot thin, specially
That 4 'Holding Back" sensation commonly felt when ridine on asohaft
Weave" tread which prevents all air from being
I
1
1