'l Ml COT IlfiS! Published every Friday at , TRYON the most populous town In ! ' . POLK COUNTY 1 The Land o the Sky, . . North Carolina: - JEO. B. COBB, Editor. Entered at the Tryon, N. C, Postoffice as second class mail matter SUBSCRIPTION RATES- : Payable In' Advance. ' ." v beTear... .... ... ..1.M iix Months. 0 iTsree Months -S Gommunictitions: intended for publi co irtTii tniiRt: be siened ,bv the .sender. nameand addressl ' ' ' I We are not responsible or the opin io s nr expressions f of our correspon- A - i,. dents. f Advertising, rates quoted upon Te- Quest. , - ' . ' : -v''V K-;' "'-'- Make all checks, drafts, and money orders pay able .to Vrhe : Polk County Neve. ' . ' - ' ' , " ' -' FRIDAY, JANUARY 2, 1914. , GROW ALFALFA. Mr. F. H. Hulscher, an extensive grower of Alfalfa in the South West, to is at present stopping-in Polk County, has very kindly contributed the following 'practical . suggestions aboct growing alfalfa which we know our enterprising farmers will be very glad to read and fcarefully consider for their own good. He says: t : - 1 . "Much interest is" being manifested production of .Alfalfa through a, , entire country and for the ben. efit of our local farmers we give the following information. Alfalfa is richer in the fat and bone producing qualities than any other food and stock pastured in it give al most unbelievable returns. . . Many farmers thoughout the north ern States have found it difficult to ob tain a stand and have become discour aged and made to believe that alfalfa will not do well on their soil while the truth is that; many methods were used. . ' :y ; ,- Alfalfa will , grow on almost any kind of soil but it must be well drain ed as alfalfa will not permit of stand ing water,'- A sandy soil or a sandy loam will produce more and better alfalfa than a heavy soil. -V 'vs;.. Land that has been cropped for many years must be specially prepar ed in order to obtain a perfect stand, and the best method is to have the soil analyzed by the state agricultural col lege which .analysis may . show the ' need of phosphates or lime or both land then, after adding these to the soil, sow - a crop of cow peas in the spring and turn this crop under when near maturity. In the following Sep tember, after a few cultivations to keep the weeds out, sow the seed bv drilling in tows nine --inches' apart. The shmild h Inocculated with the bateria of nitrogen which 'may -be obtained by applying to the Depart, tnent of Agriculture at i Washington stating the amount of seed to be used. The soil should be planted "not to exceed one inch deep and by following the above direction a perfect stand should be obtained that would endure a lifetime and need no further atten t;cn but the harvesting? Alfalfa must not be pastured the first year but after that it affords fine pasture, ,f or hogs ?Qd should produce, two v thousand Pounds per acre. During the last four eeks before shipping the hogs should fce finished on corn or preferably on Peanuts, the hay being first cut and n the hogs turned in and allowed root the nuts. ; Hogs produced in this way should return at least one Wared and fifty, dollars, per acre. There are at present one -"and one half tlUlia acres in alfalfa in the United States and Kansas has two thirds of tQe: whole, the balance being disribut 'd throughout the country, nearly cvery state having some. Theurkeo fen variety should be -used in-this iec as itiresists frost vr wlland oes V require . as. much water, as other kinds. We advise our farmers f Invt'&tigate thi3 subject and wlll .be eaued to advise any one contemplaji ;nG growine alfalfa ' - - MAJOR 1T3I. E. STEOJiG DIED - ' FRIDAY DECEMBER 2etb; 1918. After a very short V '-o3 Maj. Wm , E. Strong died at his home oil" Melrose mrcie, irom pneumonia, at tne aavanc. ed age of 69 years.' 1 ..A k . ; For. many years. Maj. Strong had been Notary Public In Tryoa where he had by absolute accuracy and henesty in Ms calling of civil engineer, estab blished a reputation that stands today a deserving monument td his memory, more enduring than any granite shaft, a reputation that will stand as a mod-, el for young men following the profes sion for years to come. ,He :.wili be greatly missed in this' immediate vi cinity prof esslonally as .well as ' so cially. He was a member of the Con. gregational church and an active work er In welfare work of both church and Bible teaching. - T ' T 'i He saw service in an Ohio regiment during'the civil war, being wounded in. the first skirmish, he ever partici-. pated; in.. After -a. private funeral ser vice at the house, interment was at' the Tryon cemetary, Sunday' afternoon Dec 29. ' ' i A CARD OF THANKS., . Mrs. Strong and Mrs. Porter desire to express appreciation for the many kindnesses shown and messages . re ceived at the1 time ot Jheir recent af fliction, : ' HON. WM. J. BRYAN AT 1 RYOX. , As Southern train No 10 rolled jh to Tryon station on Sunday evening, a few Tryon gentlemen 'were ' on watch for his honor Wm. J. Bryan who was to be on that train on his way South. As the train slowed into the station Mr. Bryan was readily: recognized . at his car window, and as those asscm- bled .tiadeenionjUration.hft;pen his window and with head and arm out greeted tne assembled few; shook hands with all and said many - very pleasant things in greeting them, he was given Tryon's good - wishes and booklet and he expressed pleasure at having had. occasion to .meet'thoso he did; - -; A happy exchange of greetings end ed the interview as the train moved Off. . - . " :"' ' THE LANIER CLUB'S NEW YEAR RECEPTION. , The New-Year reception of the La nier club at the Library Thursday af ternoon was a very sociable gathering of members, villagers and guests, . the spirit of universal cordiality as mani fested by tho ladies in charge seemed to pervade the entire assemblage of over one hundred people, resulting in a most interesting, enjoyable reception.- ,- , Music charmingly rendered by bur own Tryon orchestra - enlivened' the occasion,, and bountiful refreshments served by a bevy of pretty girls round, ed out a most complete well planned and executed ; reception full of good cheer and happiness as the day cele brated. - " , ' - . ' . ' : NEGRO MAKES FARMING PAY. Starting YVh One Old Horse, Owns V 10,000 Plantation. Twenty-two years .. ago Jonas W, Thompson, a' negro of Marlboro coun ty, S.'C, began his career as a farmer by,buying an old horse for $50.75 and by-renting thirty acres of South, Car. olina land for 1,400 pounds of lint cotton. After four ' years of hard work and close saving he was able .to buy a mule' for $69 and also 67 acre3 of land. . Then he began Tenting and working farms which belonged to other men. ; Gradually he was able to buy the land- he had ' been renting. He also found it worth' bis while to open a commissary. ' . ' . Now ( Thomas lives In a twelve room house and' employs on .Ws $f0 000. plantation j thirty-nine ; famlliea, consisUng. of 189 men wome and children,. He grows a variety of gar. der truck and Taises his own horses, mules, cows', and hogs. He "has re ceived as much as $11,000 for his cot alnnfc 400 bales of long stanle. On an average he has saved iMftOO.a' year for 1, twenty-two . years. All that lie now has oa Ws fartn In Wa own, "directly and indirectly, he af. flrns.with Justifiable pride.. In a Eigle -yew-?xe. tad borrowed of onn local bak and repaid $23,000. . 'Good creiiV 9 :'THas 6ay, Explains a 4 ; TRYON .Mr; Stacy Sturges and sister are 'oc cupying the Bultor house on the Ridge ; Miss lx -B.' Maddox the Home Mis s)on worker among ' the " mountains, is announced to speak at the Graded School building next Sunday morning at" eleven o'clock. -iO:- X Information recently came to the News: that: Mr. F. X Bomgarten wlw has spent many winters in Tryon and H quite well known here died on Sep 26th 1913 in St. Louis. ' :..s..v: .; :Or : e-n v'yMrsi: Henry Acker has returned from a trip to her old i home at FordsvUle; Ky;,r her i father ;Mr,! Mason 1 4 Jones came? back, with her and will make his home here with her this winter, he fa a hale and ? heartyold gentleman 6f over 80 "years,- and is much pleased vrith our Polk County climate. , :.: ' . c. r-:0:" f . ;. Mr. H. A. McFee of Franklin, N. C. is guest of his parents, Mr. and Mrs? R. T. McFee- of Godshaw Hill." . -1' The - popular Lyceum : course of erir tertainments .will this month ' present another number date not yet positive' ty decided upon. -There are four mor numbers to be given during thisslseai fon, among which are some very good combinations. The Four Bostonianai and The Boston Lyrics are two of. them, which are best' of - their class csnd are well known. . , ' V . , The" city fire, ladders and truck ar rived this week and now a voluntee? fire company will be' organized at oncp to handle : the " apparatus. Two com panles may be organized, one for th'i ladders and one for the chemical, en- rlne -as they are two separate and die. tmttuhbdii-; pfrtghtin ATKINS-MORAN. On Wednesday morning at the Epis copal, church in Tryon, Nil C., Miss Catherine AJ Moran, of Tryon and Rev. J. N. Atkins of ShullsMlIs, N. C, were married by Bishop Horner, assisted by 'Rector Bowne, after . the ceremony a wedding breakfast was served at Oak Hall at which a dozen or more guests participated. '! -I- LYNN. The revival meetings hcTe still pro gress, Miss Maddox . is an - interesting, speaker. Have ' you heard her. :0:' ; "j - - ' . The Tryon Hosiery. Co.; will start their plant Jan. 3rd, after two weeks' stop. : -p. J. H. Jones of Lynn' is putting a small stock . of ' groceiea in Tryon at the Williamc market stand. r:0: : T. L. Rhodes . of . Campobello has moved his familyto the Posey house. :0: : . V The school will start Monday on the "Spring term. ; :0;- There . has " been two electric lights installed on the macadam road and is a great help. - ' :0: Rev. Mr. Rankin filled his regular appointment here Sunday night. .y, :- - : - . - 7 - ' . - "V.-",-, -'i.""' -' ;;' -' .' 1 GREEN RIYER. J-- . . - Z' Mrs. Frank Coxe and Miss Maude with their guest, Miss Reaves, spent the holidays in Asheville. Mrs. C E. Gray from Rutherfordton J spent the week-end with her mother, Mrs. M. A. Camp. - . Misses Julia and Lucy Abrams, Mar garet Brian and Howard Brian , are ' at heme from Saluda Seminary on : their vacation. -. T ' ; Miss Elizabeth Camp is at home for the week on her vacation. Miss Camp is, teaching the Green river school at Poors Ford.' " ' . - Born to Mr. and Mrs. Spurting, a ! daughter. .Miss Winnie Moore is home from the hospital We are glad. to see her recovered fair share of my success." New Yoik Herald.. " - - . ; ' : SAND-CLAY ROADS. " Mecklenburg was the pioneer coun ty In the use of the macadam but it has been left to a number of other counties to blaze the way In the use ot the top-soil or the sand-clay type of road. 'The latter has proved to be cot only cheaper but more durable in that it resists the action of the; auto-1 mobile and at the same time is more' easily repaired when breaks occur in its surface for any cause. Gaston' has built many miles of elegant sand-; clay or top.soil road, such as the well-! known New Hope road extending out of Gastonia, and also Cleveland looun ty. Rutherford has" built some of this road and also Cabarrus and Union. Anson has not been backward nor has Richmond. It is safe assertion that three-fourths of the road construction i nthe State at this time is of the top soil vahey, with practically litle U 9-ny lixucadarh going down, save in those counties where macadam work bas been done, and where it is absoi lutely necessary to continue it fv the - , .... Quanty Versus Quality. mi . "5 . mere is - only one tendency that mifiut oe reierrea to in connection with this article and that is the pos sible desire on the part of some com missioners to sacrifice durability and diligence and cost of construction to mileage. In other words, that quan tity may be sacrificed to quality. Th flaying out of the road is a mostv ei. sentiar detail and should be done by a thoroughly capable and experienced engineer. No grade should be allow- fSiL'W, - tn4jeveni3bj&JJ should be tolerated only in exception al cases. f The old . adage '' that thjj clain is no. stronger than at its weak' est link is rue also, of roads. The hauling capacity of a team is frequen ly cut in, half by reason of one severe grade in an otherwise fine stretch of road, mayre 20 miles in length CONVICTS ON ROADS. ; Doctor Prat Speaks Before Aniericati Road Builders' Association.. The practicability of using convicts in the . construction of public roads was discussed at today's session of the American Road Builders' Association. Several speakers agreed that inmate3 of prisons should be so employed, both from .moral and economical stand points. Joseph Hyde Pratt, State ge. clogist of North Carolina," introduced the subject of conv ict labor in a paper in which he advocated that prisoners in penitentiaries be divided into three classes and that they be given an op portunity by good conduct, to reach the first class. He favored the employ ment of prisoners in the construction of public roads: "Let the convicts build the roads," and the roads will rebuild; the; convicts." 'lr0Zt' .. Rev. Frank Moore,1 superintendent of the State Reformatory at Rah way. N. J., opposed the project "I do not believe it is fair to com. pel the prisoners ; to work outside," he said. "Some men would regard employment as prisoners in the pub lic view as to . humiliating that the harmful - effrct might never be over come.' v " "I also am opposed to any State ex ploiting convicts or making money out of their labor. When a State exploits the ' convict, it makes a permanent criminal out of him." ' Doctor Pratt's paper was endorsed by P. St J. Wilson, State Highway Commissioner of Virginia, and to? Samuel Hill, of : Seattle, president of. the Road Builders Association POLK'S COTTON CROP . , 1912 1913. There .viz 1,675 bales of cotton ginned in Polk county from the crop or 1913, prior to Dec. 13, as compar ed with 3,399 bales ginned prior to Dec 13th, 1912, an increase of 276 bales in 1913..;. ; ; Most of all the ", other beautiful things in life comes by twos and thnes, by dozens and hundreds. Plen ty or rosea,. stars, Euntete, rainbows', brothers and sistere aunts and . cou sins, but only one mother in all tiw wide' world. Kate Douglas .Wiggin. OUR SCHOOLS. M Polk County Superintendent, E W. S. Cobb, Colnmbns, N. C. THREE METHODS OF TEACHING READING. . In teaching reading there are just tvo ends to be sought: (1) to make the learner automatic and quick in the recognition of word and letter forms and values; (2) to secure his interest in the content, the spiritual element, of the printed forms. Under the first Is included the mechanics of reading distinct and clear articulation and correct pronunciation, as well as skill In instant interpretation of words and letters. In the second i involved the cnaracter-growth of the learner, his introduction to an enjoyment of truth, goodness, beautyy as seen by others and expresseci by them in the worlds literature. Both these aims must be kept stead ily in view by the primary teacher; for, although the pupils ability to re cognize, promptly and accurately, printed and written words, is the niaia thing to secure at first, yet at the earne time this recognition is greatly facilitated by the. feeling of interest aroused by the content of the words. Learning to read cannot, therefore, be a purely mechanical process, even in the first lesson; if it were, then any. arrangement of words would serve, in the first exercises, without reference to ,the sense or nonsense expressed. But it is becoming more and more clear that from the very beginning the words used to make a reading exer cise for learners must express thought or interest to them.s . s , The two ends of. primary reading the mechanical and the spiritual are auxins tne cniia to convert nis ear-vo-cabularyInto ; an -eye-vocabulary,-; that is the best method ; by which the learner may come to see in printed and written words the same meanings that these words carry when spoken. -When the pupil enters school at six years, of age, he already. has a vocab ulary, which he understands and uses fr eely. of f rom 500 to 1000 words de pending on his home environment But these -words re recognized only through the ear,, as they are spoken, and they constitute, therefore, an ear vccabulary. The. first aim of the teacher is to enable the child quickly and . accurately to get the meaning of these words through the eye. This fundamental and essential aim seems sometimes to be lost sight of, even when the right ways'of reaching it are used. l-'' ;';.." The usual ways of teaching primary reading are either synthetic or analy tic. It seems to me plain that time spent in attempting. to. bring the pupil into the .new world of reading along the synthetic road alone, must result in great loss of time. But along this road, almost all teachers are trying to lead their pupils. The synthetic method has : two formsroW'tne Old aT b c, grind; the other the phonic method. The latter is the better of the two, because it teaches j , the sounds of the leters their vocal values, and thus enables a well drilled pupil to pronounce with considerable readiness, as soon as he sees them, written and printed words which he has not before seen. The a, b, c, method teachds only the names of the letters, and leaves the learner to get the different sounds by any lucky chance he can. - r x -'y" ',It would be a waste of space to dis. cuss the teaching of the alphabet as , a way of teaching- reading, except as a matter of pedagogical history, were it not "for the regretable; fact that there arL teachers in Polk county today who do not attempt to use any other way., Briefly the a, b, c, method begins by teaching the; child his' letters and after he learns them at sight he Is drilled upon spelling combinations of them in syllables, as sub, ab ; u-b, ub ; etc. When this' sort of thing has gone on for some time,, the learner is sup posed to be able, to spell monosylla bics words, such as cat; rat, bat and tie next step' after that is' to read. - No wonder that pitiful thousands bate grown up without cvat comirir into the rightful heritage of enjoyment of good reading, when they -had to travel toward it along so torturous cad torturing Toad. t , -.-The method is uninteresting be catise there is nothing In a letter, a COLUMBUS. Mr. "Gurtis Shields of St. George, S.' " -A. C, isVhere spending Xmas with his parents. - N Miss May Mills. is visiting relatives in Spartanburg this week." . Mr. ? Herman . Walker- is visitinsr friends in Greens creek this week. I Mr.iYates Arledge who Is attending college atWake J. Forestalso sister. Miss: Minnie whevhv teaching at Forest City, is spending the holidays V with, their parents, Mr. and Mrs. J. P. Ax- lcdge.J ' Miss Hattie Jackson of Spartan burg spent Xmas day with her par ents. here. - , Sheriff Lynch Hill and family are5 spending their Xmas ton. : , in Rutherford- Mr. Pat Hampton of Atlanta, was in town Sunday, visiting. v Mr. L. H. Cloud is, making prepara tions to. move in the Hampton store building.,- v : . . Attorney J. E. Shipman and family of Hendersonville. are here visiting friends this week. ' " Mrs. J. R. Smith who"lia3 been sick with lagrippe for some time is slowly improving. ' : " Borned to Mr. and Mrs. L. H. Cloud Dec. 18th, 3 girl. . Miss Ola Mills of Spartanburg spent the 25th here with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. K T. Mills.. 'J Mr. Grover Hutcherson of-Washing-ton..'C. spent a few days here with Ms4pentsftrX nd,,Mrs.araes Hutcherson, returning Saturday. ... . Misses Ada and Ola . Walker were, given a very pleasant surprise by the young people nexe Friday night, when they came all unexpected to- be entertained. Nevertheless everybody seemed , to have a good time. Mrs. Eli Shields and Son Curtis made some very fine music on the piano and violin which was greatly enjoyed by alt Those, present were Misses Bessie, Ethel, Mattie Lee, and Johnie Mae Jackson, . Marie Burgess, Odessa Mills, Minnie Arledge and Corieaii Shields;, Messrs. Yates and Roy; Ar ledge,' Austin and Edgar 1 Newman, John Gilbert," Marion Mills, Frank Elliott and 'E. BB. Cloud. . mere symbol, to touch a childs ex perience and so to quicken his ' cur- iosity. The letters are meaningless to him, they ha,ve no content and car ry no idea. . , ' - The method is unnatural genericaL ly, because the childs naturaL proc esses are analytic; specifically, be. fhHd pvftf learned to talk h VW U k Vf V- - .. - naming his letters first, and reading aloud is simply talking from the print ed page. . ... ... f , . . ;.--. Finally it is a ivaato of time and energy, of time because in the ; tlmo used in learning the alphabet and to drawl dullythe spelling senseless syllables and; disconnected words the child could learn to read; of energy, because whatever the child is forced to do without interest dissipates en-. niinil does nol learn to read, after all, by the alphabet plan. For example, when. he has named the letters c-a-t ' u - n-rAor ha rantiot ; unaided. pronounce the combination, for there Is nothing in the names of the letters IVilv entrjroct , What, the UXCli. UUU1U uusmui; ""f5C3M" " ... ... . . - - y- r, - " . :. - - words vocal value is. , ' . . Another synthetic plan teaches the sounds of the letters first, instead of their names, and drills the learner on the sounds and their symbols' until he can readily , pronounce . familiar words. ' But the same objections ap ply to thls as to the a, b, c method, and withj nearly equal force, altho more interesting. The fondamental objectionto mese xww iueuiuo v. they are synthetic' Unless the teach ing be very skillful, the child taught by either plan wfllbe api?do but littte more, during the first year, than half call, half spell tho woras m mo. primer-and that -Is not only reading, but makes learning to read , more dif ficult than It pondT otherwise? bo. 4t shall discuss the analytic method E. W. S. COBB) Co. Supt Ed. ' . ,. -t--:X J