5 PATHOF PEACE
SPEAKERS ADDRESS FIRST SES
SION PAN-AMERICAN FINAN
CIAL CONFERENCE.
BE OF USE TO ONE ANOTHER
president Wilson 'Says' Meeting Is Not
For Exploitation on Part of Any
Individual. "
Washington. President Wilson,
speaking at the Opening of the Pan
American financial conference here
expressed hope that. " the Americas'
might show the world the path of
peace. I!e was loudly applaud id by
the delegates who represent 18 South
and Central American countries. ; k '
Some of the obstacles which war
across the Atlantic has thrown into
the paths of industrial and commer
cial prosperity and the march of trade
in the Western Hemisphere were out
lined at the session of the Pan-American
Financial Conference.
The outstanding thought of the con
ference as expressed by many speak
ers was the need for improvement of
transportation, for a readjustment of
methods of financial exchange and
for uniformity of laws north and'
south of the equator in relation to
gubjects which vitally affect interna
tional rotations, steps were taken at
the close of the day to pare the way
for uniform statutes through appoint
ment of a committee with a represen
tative from each invited nation and
several representatives of the United
States. . ' '. : :. : ;
President Wilson; who welcomed
the delegates to this country, dwelt
on the need for development of trans
portation and Secretaries Hryan, Red
field and McAdoo and Postmaster
General Burleson later added-" their
recommendations f or , steamships lines
Independent of Europe to fly between
all the principal ports of the two
Americas. Expression of this idea
culminated in the promise of Secre
tary McAdoo to select a committee of
representatives of the United States
and of South American countries In
cluding Argentina, Brazil,; Chile and
possibly others to taTce up the ques
tion of steamship lines, either co-operative
under these Governments or
under' private control. ' ,
Besides delegations froW 18 Latin
Amemrican Republics participating in
the conference which is to continue
throughout the week are members of
President Wilson's Cabinet the Fed
eral Reserve Board, the Federal Trade
Commission, Treasury - officials and
more than 100 representatives of great
American banks, industrial corpora
tions and commercial houses. The
'American business men , and finan
ciers were named by Secretary Mc
Adoo as official representatives of the
United States at the conference. -
ITALY WASTES NO TIME.
Advance Guards Clash With Austria.
Towns Bombarded.
London Little or no time has been
flowed to elapse between the declara
on of war and actual fighting be
tween Austria and Italy. Austrian
aeroplanes, destroyers and' torpedo
boats descended on the Italian coast
of the Adriatic and bombarded several
towns, including VAnir-whil in'thfl
lyrol and On . tho soetarn fm-niiar
"anan and Austrian advance guards
fiave Ared the first shots.
Ane plan-of campaign has not yet
D?en disclosed,, but" it ;is generally be-
""eci attempts to inflict a quick and
decisive defe'at, or, at least, one that
H discourage the ' Italians,' will be
jndertaken, largely by the Germans
"uuer Held Marshal von Hindenburg.
Ask Commutation For Frank-
Atlanta n.a
000
tters urging Executive clemency
r i-eo M. Frank, received by Gover
r Slaton and the State Prison Com
'ssion, were communications from
U1J States Senator Lawrence Y
nernian of Illinois ; Governor . Fergu
Texas; Circuit Judge G. B. Ar
01(. St. Louis; Judge Ben B. Llndsey
Uenver,and others. '. .
Work for State Department.
vv as tnn -on. Italy's entrance into
of J.r set in motion various branches
official and drn.1omA.tir aitrUv
oa.ssador, formally notified the Uni
on fates of Italy's declaration of war
Austria and explained informally
Win :Z ' ryan ana Counselor
Itaiv- S 6 contnts of a note, giving
n.tan, for r action. Dr
bUS Dumla. the Austrian am
...dQor, also conferred with Rap
ica nf ' advisin him of the exist
' 'g or a stnt
PLUNGE INTO WAR
FORMAL DECLARATION IS MADE
that a state of war
: ' exists. '
S E NT TO AUSTRIA - H U NGARY
Teutonic Ambassadors x Have Waited
In Rome Until Last Moment -s
Moping in Vain.
Rome, via Paris. Italy is at war
with Austria-Hungary.
With the issuance of the general
mobilization order the Italian Govern
ment issued a proclamation declaring
war on Austria.
Prior to this, and after a lengthy
consultation, the Ministers of War
and Marine proclaimed all the prov
inces bordering on Austria and the
islands and coast towns of the Adri
atic 'in a state of war which was
equivalent to the establishment of
martial law, the step usually precede
ing the formal declaration..
Although drastic action has been
looked for momentarily, Italians of
all classes have been electrified by
the swiftly moving events. Great
crowds gathered around the Quirnal
to await the Ministers, who called on
tne King for the purpose of discussing
the question and signing the decree.
When Premier Salandra ami Slgnor
Sonnino, the Foreign Minister left
the Palace the people - cheered them
enthusiastically. General v Zuppill,
Minister of War, and Vice Admiral
Viale, Minister of Marine, remained
with , the king for ? a considerable
time after the others left and later
they had a conference with Lieuten
ant General Cadorna, Chief of Staff
and Vice Admiral Phaon do. Deyel,
Chief of the Naval Staff. ? ...
; Austrio-iuyon . front; pn.the. Aus
trian side of which feverish prep
arations have been oing on the last
few days to make the fortifications
as ' strong as possible, and to clear
the way for effective artillery action.
The German Ambassador, Prince
von Buelow, and the Austria Ambas
sador, Baron von vMacchio, are still
in Rome so far as is known. They
have waited to the last moment In
the hope that some way might be
found to prevent a" clash at arms.
-They will be given safe conduct
when they do leave and so far as
Oorman iind .Austrian residents in
fttaly are concerned, every effort has
ben made to see them safely out or
the country.
VILLA TROOPS VICTORIOUS.
Route Obregon and Win Victory Over
Carranza Forces.
Washington. Complete victory for
the Villa forces , over the Carranza
army was claimed by the Villa agency
here on the strength of a dispatch from
Diaz Lombardo, minister of foreign af
fairs at Chihuahua,
The message, dated at Chihuahua fol
lows. -
"An engagement was fought at
points between Leon and Sinaloa be
tween the' forces of General Villa and
those of General Obregon, resulting In
the complete rout of the latter. A part
of our forces occupied Sinaloa while
the remainder actively engaged in the
pursuit of enemy, .driving 'him beyond
XMaya. This pursuit is being contin
ued. Large quantities of war mate
rial were taken including small arms,
ammunition and some, field artillery.
Nearly all or Obregon's trains fell in
to our hands. Details have not -yet
arrived, but report's indicate the action
was" very sanguinary, the enemy aban
Arminer a iarire number of men on the
field. - '
"General Villa will shortly issue a
w.!.ni.Hrtn of "amnesty in favor of
those Oarranzistas who wish to sur-
r .... ... . 1uV1n
render and which win De uppitine
to all political offenders whose acts
are hot deemed to liave bean serious
ly prejudicial." ;
King Seriously III. ,
? Athens, : via . London. King Con
stantine of Greece who is ill with
pleurisy, became more feverish after
undergoing an operation. His tem
perature has Increased lo 103.2. -
Ropsevelt Wins Libel Suit, -y
Sracuse, N. Y. Twelve men chosen
as a jury to determine whether Theo
dore Roosevelt libelled William
Barnes when he charged that he work
ed through a "corrupt alliance by
crooked business ; and crooked poli
iy.a tiii1 iHhit. he was "corruptly allied
with Charles F. Murphy of TammanyV
HalV returned a verauct in iavw vj.
the. former president. In thebelief
of the jury everything Colonel Roose
velt said about the former chairman
of tihe Republican state committee was
true, and Mr. Barnes was not libelled.
SEE AMERICA FIRST
v (Copyright.) - r
NEW MINISTRY TO GUIDE
NATIONAL GOVERNMENT FOR
DIRECTING WAR IN PROCESS
OF FORMATION.
There Will Be a Complete, Change of
the Whole Government. Earl
Kitchener' Will Be Leader.
London. The National. Government
which will guide the British Empire
for the duration of the war is in prog
ress of formation ' Vv ;
No statement .. as to the 'personnel
of the new.; Ministry has beehimade
except that Premier Asquith f ' and.
Foreign Secretary Grey; will retain
their posts. Thus far all statements
as to the allotment of ; officers .'have
been largely surmise. It appears cer.
tain ' however" that there will be "a new
civil head of the Admiralty and War
Office respectively and possibly chang
es in the professional heads as well, or
at any rate, a readjustment of respon
sibility. Earl Kitchener, Secretary for War,
it is generally agreed, 'has too much
to do, raising new armies and seeing
after the output of munitions and
some of these duties will be shifted
to other shoulders. Chancellor Lloyd
George and Andrew. Monar Law, op
position leader, are about equally, fa
vored for civil hear of the War Of
fice and A. J. Balfour is mentioned
for a similar position in the Admiralty.
There is some doubt as to whether Mr.
Balfour would consent to accept this
place.
GREAT BRITAIN EXPLAINS DELAY
Government Endeavors to Correct Mis
understanding of Attitude.
London In an effort to correct
.what thev Government believes to oe
a misunderstanding of Great Britain's
attitude toward American ships and
American cargoes in other neutral bot
toms detained under, the order-in-coun-cil
the Foreign Office has issued an ex
planatory memorandum.
This explanation is supplemented
by a statement that cotton cargoes
whfch the Government agreed to pur
chase under the cotton agreement
have air been bought by the Govern
ment and; that actual details concern
ing the payment only await proof of
ownership and papers showing the
actucl contract price.' It is explained
iat as must of these papers must
come "from the United States there
will still be some unaviodable delays
before the owners of the cotton get
their money.
Shortage of Food in Mexico City.
Washington. Mexico City again is
facing a serious shortage of food," ac
cording to state department advices.
Secretary Bryan said that representa
tions had been made -to Carranza
looking to the shipment of supplies
Cuban independence. ,
Washington. President Wilson, ca
bled to President Menocal of vCuba
congratulating him oh the thirteenth
anniversary of Cuban independence.
- No Hope For Italy.
London.--Any lingering hope that
Italy would maintain her neutrality
was abandoned when the Italian cham
ber conferred oi the government extra
ordinary powers in the event of war's
outbreak. This is considered t vote
for war, for which the government has
made all preparations and the pros
pects of which have aroused the great
ets enthusiasm throughout Italy. The
German and Austrian ministers were
still in Rome but their one care now
is to ' arrange for. the safety of their
' " -
BIG EFFORT BY GERMANS
AUSTRIA IS DIRECTING ATTACK
- ON RUSSIA WITH FAVORABLE
V RESULTS.
Germans Hope to Be Ready to Meet
Italy Who Has Decided in Favor
V of War Troops Move.
London. While Italy is confidently
believed to be making final prepara
tions to;enter the war on the side of
the Allies, Austria, who would be the
direct object jof her attacks, Is, with
her German ally, attempting, to inflict
such a defeat1 on Russia that she 'will
be able to divert troops, if necessary,
6 meet her new foe in the south. ;
'-. plspatches . from .Rome 'continue
somewhat contradictory, but most of
tJhem r asxee that tta.lv hmn dAnidptd. on
the, side of. war, that the German and
Austrian Ambassadors are preparing
to leave Rome, " and that the Consul
Generals of those two countries, eith
er already have left their, posts or
will do so soon. -
On the other hand, a message, com
ing through Paris says that Austria
has submitted new proposals which
she hopes will induce Italy to remain
neutral. Meanwhile the, Austrian and
German armies continue massed at
tacks against the Russians who are at
tempting to form a new line behind
the River San, both north and south
of PrzenysK and west of the Vistula
Kiver, in Southern Poland
These attacks, according to Austrian
and German reports, have met with
their, greatest success north of Przem-
ysl, where the Germanic Allies have
crossed the river and have occupied
Sieniawa on the eastern bank. They
also claim to have captured positions
southeast of the former Austrian fort
ress, while their heavy guns are keep
ing up a bombardment from the west.
In Southern Poland their progress
is not so marked, the Russians hav
ing had strong forces concentrated
at Ivangbrod, which they brought
into the field and checked the ad
vance. ' '
UNTERMYER DEFENDS OFFICIALS
Says McAdoo and Williams Had Right
to Know All.
Washington.- Denounciation of the
financial practices , of officers of the
RIggs National Bank and praise for
the. "ardor and enthusiasm" of Secre
tary McAdoo and Comptroller of the
Currency Williams characterized the
argument of Samuel Untermyer, coun
sel for the Treasury officials, support
ing the I Government's motion to dis
miss the temporary injunction obtain
ed by the bank.
Difficulties between the bank and
Treasury officials, ' Untermyer assert
ed, were due not to the arbitrary use
of power bV the Comptroller, but to
reforms instituted by Secretary Mc
Adoo and Comptroller Williams which
abolish "illicit favors" the bank had
enjoyed. Penalties Imposed by the
Comptroller, he said, were legal and
fully justified.
Untermyer reviewed allegations of
"dummy loans," of -excessive' loans to
officers and of a stock brokerage busi
ness conducted by the bank s officers
through the bank in violation of the
law, and asserted that the Comptroller
Was but performing his duty in in
sisting that he be acquainted with
details of these transactions. ' . -
s
' t Americans at Panuco..
Washington. Reports of hardships
sustained by Americans at Panuco,
Mexico, were minimized in a dispatch
to the State Department from the
Vice Consul v at Tampico. Several
Americans had been arrested the Vice
Consul stated but all had been re
leased. v
SchenSo
NEWSPAPERS MAKE SOME SE
VERE ATTACKS ON SECRETRY
OF WAR.
HOWEVER HE PLEASES SOME
Arthur Henderson, a Labor Leader,
Gets First Appointment in the
New Cabinet.
London The first authoritative an
nouncement as ton appointment in
the new British Cabinet outside of
Premier Asquith and Sir Edward
Grey, the Foreign Secretary, is that of
Arthur Henderson, a labor leader,
who succeeds Herbert Louis Samuel
as president of the local government
board. The trade unionists are highly
pleased at the appointment. .
" The Times and The DailMail at
tacked the competency of the War
Minister, Lord Kitchener. The im
peachment of The Daily Mail was par
ticularly vicious. An upheaval , of
popular resentment against these
newspapers and their dominating spir
it. Lord Northcliffe, quickly followed.
The stock exchange men held an ex
citedmeeting, formally burned copies'
ot The Times and The Daily Mail and
adopted resolutions supporting Lord
Kitchener. Other . meetings of pro
test are being planned and a large
section of the press has come to his
support The Pall Mall Gazette says
the attacks made on jLord Kitchener
have made him more popular than
ever. . ? -. ,
The criticism of Lord Kitchener
appears to, have had; its first inspira
tion in a message last week from The
Times' military . expert at British
headquarters in France. 1 The expert
asserted that the British offensive had
been crippled by a lack., of high ex
ploslvtshells shells. ';'..' ' v 1 " : ' - V-..-'
When the proposed reorganization
of the Government was announced
several newspapers suggested that in
attempting to raise and -organize
great volunteer armies and at the
same time manage the equipment and
supplies thereof the War Minister had
taken upon his" shoulders a heavier
burden than any man could carry.
They proposed that organization and
supply should be made separate de
partments and opinion cettled on Da
vid, Lloyd-George, Chancellor of the
Exchequer, for the latter-work.
, Some newspapers discussed the pos
sibility of 'Lord Kitchener being
made chief of the armies in the field.
The Daijy Mail, however, attacked
Lord Kitchener's South African record
a j a fighting general and questioned
his capacity to command an army in
the European field. It also criticised
adversely his methods of raising vol
unteers. . - -
ITALY APPROVES BILL.
Senate Vote Giving Government Full
Power Almost Unanimous
Rome, via Paris. The Italian Sen
ate by a yote of 226 to 2 passed Pre
mier Salandra's bill granting plenary
powers to the Government in dealing
with the situation that, has arisen
through the inability of Italy and Aus
tria to reach an agreement concern
ing Italy's demands., J
W& en the vote, which f ritually as
sures Italy's entry intotle war was
announced, there Was a great demon
stration of enthusiasm inside the
Senate Chamber, shouts of "long live
Italy ! " intermingled with the cheer
ing and. handclapping of the Senators,'
the Ministers, Army and Navy officers
and the people in the gallaries. King
Victor Emmanuel and members of the
Royal household witnessed the demon
strations. V --' ' -.'. V
Mud From . Lassen Peaks Crater.
Redding, Cal. Lassen" Peaks crater
bubbled over and sent a river of mud
cascading down the mountainside. Hat
Creek Valley in the eastern part of
Shasta county was partly : inundated.
A number of farm houses in the
path of the flood and - considerable
livestock were , destroyed.
Residents of the valley fled in time.
however,
and no lives were lost.
Another Grandchild for President. -
Washington A ; baby girl, the - sec
ond grandchild of President Wilson;
was born to j Secretary and Mrs. Wil
liam G. McAdoo. She will be christen
ed Ellen Wilson for the late Mrs. Wil
son. - 'h'rVVV:;;,
The secretary and Mrs.- McAdoo,
who is the' president's youngest daugh
ter, were married at the Wjiiie House
just a year ago. Mr. McAdoo went to
his office at the - treasury department
for the first time since he was operat
ed on for ' appendicitis nearly . two
months ago. 1 -
SECRETARIES FORM
SECRETARIES OF CHAMBERS OF
COMMERCE HOLD MEETING
' AT iRALEfGH.
G. R. HORNE IS PRESIDENT
Help Farmer is Keynote Cities Must
Reach put For Rural Prosperity.
Present System Valueless.
x. Raleigh. With the formation of the
North Carolina, Association of Com
mercial Secretaries and the election
of officers for this body, the seeds of a
great uplifting movement were sown
by the secretaries of the various
chambers of commerce of the state.
There were the following charter
members of the association In attend
ance: Messrs.-M. R. Beaman, of the
Goldsboro Chamber of Commerce; G.
N. Horne, of the Rocky Mouht Cham- .
ber; G. Warren Booker, of the Salis
bury Chamber-of Commerce; Clyde
h. Davis, of the Sand Hills Board of
Trade; R. S. Register, of the Norlina .
Chamber of Commerce; J. C. Forester
of the Greensboro Chamber r Daasiter
of the Granville Commercial Club ;
and Miss Bessie Hackney, of the local
chamber, -.V-. , ' ' . . - t
The following officers were elected:
President- G. R. Horne, secretary of
the Rocky Mount Chamber of Com
merce. j ; ;;;'
Vice-President, G, Warren- Booker,
secretary of the Salisbury Chamberpot
Cohimerce. .
Secretary and treasurer, Miss Bes
sie Hill Mackney; secretary of. the. lo
cal Chamber of Commerce. i
- The president and vice-president
will - elect a delegate from - the east;
central, ana western sections of th
state and two delegates at ' large,
which will r make fiye ; directors from
The keynote of themeeting was the .
urbanizing of the rural districts and "
ruralizing thev cities, and in . his Re
sponse to 'the addresses of welcohie,
, Mr. Clvde L. Da. via. Hftoretjirv nf tho x
Sand Hills board of trade, made a'
short talk, emphasizing this feature by
declaring that it was the urgent heed,
of every commercial body in the
state. ; This hustling young man, who
has done so much to popularize agri
culture In this state, declared that
the country does not take the city as
seriously as the city takes itself, for
the farmer knows the city s not the
cause of anything but a result,, and
speaicing from the standpoint of a
farmer himself, ne told them that it
was useless to strive after prosperity
: by going after factories and stores,
but the thing paramount in prosper?
oils communities was the securing of
more farmers and helping those al
ready here, and then- the ; factories
will come unaided. - Immediately fol
lowing Mr. Davis' talk he was asked
to read a paper prepared by Mr. Ju
lian S. Miller, of ' the Greater Char
lotte Club, on the question, "How can
we link rural sections with cities?"
- - - - - .- .
Barry Growers Face Big Loss.
Mount Olive. With , practically -all
of the Northern markets flooded with
berries . from about ! all , of ' the berry-'
producing sections of the country, the
price per crate has taken such a sud
den and sharp . decline and further
snipments, under present conditions
are hardly advisable, and the berry
growers of eas. , Carolina face losses
aggregating, perhaps, several hundred
thousands of dollars. '
; Enlarging Hosiery' Plant
- Newton. The Ridgeview -Hosiery
Mill is installing new equipment for
the manufacture of hosiery. A num
ber of new machines have arrived and
are being, placed. The additional ma
chinery will swell the output consid
erably. - The other mill, the Fidelity,
is also running full time. Both are
hampered by the dyestuff situation.
i ; Warrenton Votes Bonds. '
I Warenton. The election here re
sulted In favor of issuing $50,000 worth
of bonds for the purpose of installing
water works,5 and sewerage in this
place. A hundred -vand , twenty-three
votes were cast 100 in favor of issuing
bonds and 23 against. - V ,'
Growing Sweet Potatoes.
Reidsvillel William Cummings, the
well-known and progressive farmer
near 'Monroe ton, has placed an order
for 20,000 Nancy Hall potato slips and
expects to engage next year much
more extenslyevly in ; the cultivation.'
of sweet potatoes, which demand high,
prices on : the eastern markets during
the winter and 'spring months. With,
fair success Mr. Cummings will gath-
which will be sufficient to justify the
construction of a small size dry-kiln.
uj. war.
-- fx.
V