1 "'"' .
VOL. XXI. NO. 4.
TRYON, FOLK COUNTY, N. C, FRIDAY, JUNE 4, 1915.
ESTABLISHED MAY, 1894.
ni re
Note in Reply to ! American: Demands Evades
Direct Answer to Main Questions.
hingtoris Answer.
ACTING IN SELF-DEFENSE
Reasons For Sinking Lusitania
And Other Ships Tone of
Reply is Friendly
Berlin. Germany withholds its final
decision on the demands advanced by
the United States Government in con
nection with the sinking ot the Lusi
tania, until the receipt of an answer
from . the United States, to the " note
-which Herr von Jagow, the Foreign
Minister, has delivered to Ambassador
Gerard in reply to the American note
received by the German Government
on May 15. V . ' - .' . .
In its reply the German Government
-declares that it is not its intention to
submit neutral ships id the war zone,
which are guilty of no hostile acts, to
attacks by submarine or aeroplanes,
that it is investigating, the circum
fitances in connection with the attacks
on the American steamers Gushing
and Gulflight and that in . all cases
where neutral - vessels, ', through no
fault ol their own have been dam
aged, GermafcyiWiUpaytnderanifica
The reply urges that in the 'case of
the Lusitania, which Germany alleges,
was armed and carried large stores of
war munitions, "it acted ' in justified
self-defense in seeking with all the
means of warfare at its disposition to
protect the lives of its soldiers by de
stroying ammunition intended for' the
enemy."' . -r
The German Government recalls the
Proposals submitted by thq : United
State Government to Berlin and Lon
don, designed to end the submarine
warfare and the shutting out of food
supplies from. Germany which, it de
ciares, .failed of their, purpose because
f the refusal of the British Govern
ment to agree to them. '
Text of Note.
The follow ing is the text of the Ger
man note : ; '
"The undersigned has v the honor to
jubmit to Ambassador Gerard,, the
following answer to the communica
tion of May 15, regarding the injury
o American interests through Ger
ffifa -cb;narine warfare.
'The Imperial Government has sub
jected the communication of the Am
e"can Government to a thorough in-vesti-ation.
It entertains also a keen
to co-operate in a " frank and
wendly way in clearing up a possible
Misunderstanding which may have
arisen in the relations between the
0 Governments through the events
Mentioned by the American Govern
ment. '
. "Re?ardinfr, nrstly, the case of the
American steamers Cushing and Gulf-,
ight. The American Embassy has
wready been informed . that the Ger
man Government has no intention of
submitting neutral ships in 'the war
one, which are guilty of no hostile
cts, to attack by a submarine or
marines or aviators. On the con
JP'thQ German forces have repeat
l? been instructed most specifically
w aycd attacks on such ships.
Isolated Cases.
If neutral ships in recent months
suffered through' the German
j Omarme warfare, owing to mistakes
ofn?e(ntlflcation' u 13 a Question, only
whi I lsolated and exceptional cases,
Gov! Can be attributed to the British
Mth Uent's abuse of g3' together
havL GUSPicious . or culpable' be-
lthe masters of the ships. ;
caS0: German Government In all
itsln, Which U has been shown by
Dot it.l gf i0ns that a neutral ship,
German WaS imaged by
xpr lQef bma?nes or avIators, has
accidr nt !ret 0ver the ufortunate
has ora?d' if 3ustIfled conditions,
:Jofltre(i indemnificaUon. :
4 Cushi"fl and Gulflllght.
Jirnt wiiCMe0f th Ashing and Gulf
cipie3 I treated on the same prin
is in mvestigation of both cases
presentlv kSS' 6 reSUlt of wuich .will
presently k - v,uik U4. wmuu wm
Embassy bcommunicated to the
aecesBarr k iuvestigation-can, if
National 6 f;Jpplemented by an In
Con!ission fr 0n tbe. international
III oi t? as Provided by
October 18 i9o?G SUe aSrement of
Sinking of Falaba.
i'When sinking the Britsh steamer
Falaba the commander of the German
submarine had the intention of allow
ing the passengers and crew afull
opportunity to escape. Only when the
master did not obey the order to
heave-to, but fled and summoned help
by rocket signals, did the German
commander order the crew; and pas
sengers by signals and magaphone to
leave the ship within 10 minutes. -He
actually allowed them 23 minutes time
and fired the torpedo only when sus
picious craft were hastending to the
assistance of the Falaba. V
Lusitania Disaster.
."Regarding the loss of life by the
sjnking of the British passenger
steamer Lusitania, the German Gov
ernment has already expressed to the
neutral Governments - concerned its
keen regret that cozens , of their
states" lost their lives.
"On this occasion the Imperial Gov
ernment, however, cannot, escape, the
impression that certain important
facts having a direct bearing on the
sinking of the Lusitania may have
escaped the- attention of the American
Government, . ;
An Auxiliary: Cruiser.
"In the Interest of a clear and com
plete understanding whicn -is 4he aim
of, both Governments, the 'Imperial
Government considers it first, neces
sary to convince itself that the in
formation, accessible to both Govern
ments about the facts of the case is
complete and'in accord. The Govern
ment of the United States proceeds on
the assumption that the ' Lusiatania
could be regarded as an ordinary un
armed merchantman. The Imperial
Government allows itself in this con
nection to point out that the Lusi
tania was one of the largest and fast
est British merchant ships,, built with
Government funds as an auxiliary
cruiser and carried expressly as such
in the 'Navy list issued by the British
Admiralty.
"It is. further known to the Im
perial Government, from .trustworthy
reports from its- agents and neutral
passengers, that for a considerable
time practically all the more valuable
British merchantmen have , been
equipped 'with cannon and ammuni
tion and other weapons and manned
with persons who have been specially
trained in serving guns. The Lusi
tania, too, according to information
received hepe had cannon aboard
which were mounted and concealed
below decks. . . ( '
Prizes for flamming
"The Imperial Government further
has the honor to direct the particular
attention of the American Government
to the fact that the British admiralty
in a confidential instruction, issued in
February, 1915, recommended its mer
cantile shipping not onlyvto seek pro
tection under neutral flags and distin
guishing marks, but also, while thus
disguised to attack German subma
rines by ramming. As a special inci
tation to merchantmen to destroy sub
marines the British government also
offered high prizes and has already
paid such rewards. , r
-"The Imperial government in view
of these facts, indubitably known to
it "is unable to regard, British mer
chantmen in the zone of naval oper
ations specified "by the admiralty staff
of the . German navy as tmdef ended.'
German commanders consequently are
nononger able to observe the custom
ary regulations of tjie prize law, which
they before always followed. V
Carrier War; Material. .
"Finally the Imperial government
must point out particularly that 5the
Lusitania on its lastripr as on earlier
occasions, carried Canadian troops and
wax material, including no less than
5,400 cases of ammunition intended
for the- destruction of the, "brave Ger
man soldiers who are fulfilling their
duty with self-sacrifice and devotion
in the fatherland's service. :r
lThe German government believes
it was acting .in justified 4 eelf-defense
in -seeking with all the means of war
fare at its disposition to protect ; the
lives of its soldiers by destroying am
munition intended for 'the" enemy.
"The - British shipping company
must have been aware of the danger
to which ' the passengers " aboard the
Lusitania were exposed under these
conditions. The company in. embark
ing' them, notwithstanding this at
tempted deliberately to use the lives'
of American citizens as protection for
the ammunition aboard and acted
against the clear ' provisions of the
American law which expressly pro
hibits the forwarding of passengers on
ships carrying ammunition andL pro
vides a penalty therefor. ; The com-:
pany, therefore,; is wantonly guilty pf
the death of so many passengers.
. There can be no doubt, according
to the definite report of the subma
rine's . commander, which , Is further
confirmed by all other information,
that the quick sinking of the Lusitania
is primarily attributable to the explo
sion or the ' ammunition- shipment
caused .by a torpedo. The Lusitania
passengers vould otherwise, in all hu
man probability, have Seen saved.
"The Imperial government consid
ers the above-mentionel facts impor
tant enough to recommend them to
the attentive examination J of the
American government.
Withholds Final Decision.
'The Imperial government " while
withholding Tits final decision on the
demands advanced in connection with
the sinking of the Lusitania until re
ceipt of an answer from the American
government feels impelled in conclu
sion, to recall here: and now, that it
took cognizance with satisfaction of
the mediatory proposals submitted by
the United States government to Ber
lin and London as a basis fora modus
Vivendi for conducting the maritime
warfare between Germany and Great
Britain. The Imperial government, by
its readiness to enter1 upon a discus
sion of these proposals; then demon
strated its good Intentions in ample
fashion. The realization of these pro
posals was defeated, as is well known,
by the declinatory attitude of "the Brit
ish government. '
"The undersigned takes occasion,
etc.
(Signed) "JAGOWV,
Mightyf Battles Raging
London. Around ' the great fortress
of Przemysl a mighty battle Us still
raging. heAustrormah 'armies1!
are making a supreme effort to cut off
tne stronghold and free these armies
for operations against Italy and Ine
Allies in the west. - I
Although great human sacrifices are
being made, progress latterly has been
extremely slow, as the Russians have
had time to bring up" large reinforce
ments. North of Przemysl the Russians ap
pear to be more than holding their
own, but to the southeast the Aus
trians and Germans claim further
headway and now command with
their artillery the railway between
Przemycl and Grodek, which runs just
south of the main line between
Przemysl vand Lemberg. From Lem
berg the Russians draw a large" por
tion of their reinforcements.
British Tullochmoor Sunk.
Barry, Wales. The British steamer
Tallochmoor was shelled and sunk by
a German submarine. The crew
escaped and has landed here. The
Tullochmoor was in : ballast from
Genoa for South Shields.
British Casulty List.
London. Forty-nine of the men of
the British battleship Majestic were
lost when the vessel was torpedoed
off the Gallipoli Peninsula May 2 ac
cording to the casulty list. :.
Megantic Chased by Submarine.
Queenstown. The White Star liner
Megantic, carrying many passengers
from Liverpool to Montreal, was chas
ed by a submarine off the South Coast
of Ireland, but escaped.
Russians Have Over 600,000 Prisoners.
Petrograd, via London. Prisoners
taken by'Russian armies and interned
in Russia up to the first of April ac
cording to figures made public, num
ber 10,734 officers and 605,378 men.
Steamer Mackinaw, on Fire
San Francisco The steamer Macki
naw is said to be on fire off Point
Reyes, 30 miles north of San Francis
co. The United States Coast Guard
cutter 'McCullough is proceeding to
her assistance. The Mackinaw sailed
from this port for Portland, Ore. No
passengers are aboard the Mackinaw
Her crew "consist? f 40 menT The.
vessel is not carrying a cargo. Later
reports said the Mackinaw was being
towed into the harbor at Point, Reyes
by the steam schooners Speedwell and
CoronJfiio, - . ': '
Presbyterian". Assembly Adjourns.
? Newport News, Va. The fifty-sixth
general assembly of the Presbyterian
Church of the South has ended, the fi
nal session being devoted to the pre
sentation of committee reports. TThe
next general assembly will be held at
Orlando, Fla. May 18", 1916. The as
sembly adopted a resolution forthe
creation on November 9, 1915," at the
First Presbyterian ; Church,- Bristol
Va.-Tenn., of the Synod of Appalachia.
The synod will embrace the mountain
ous sections "of , North Carolina, Ten
nessee, Virginia and, Kentucky. ;s
A - ' . i i ii - i i mm . . , : "P-
IMPORTANT NEIVS
THE WORLD OVER
Happenings of This and Otbsr Naticns
v For Seven Days Arc
V Given. v - '
THE - MEVS JDFTHE SOUTH
What Is Taking Place in the South.
' land Will Be Found in V
; Brief j Paragraph'.
European War
England has suffered still another
severe loss in the Dardanelles wha
the battleship Majestic was sunk by
a Turkish; or German submarine im
mediately following the sinking of the
battleship Triumph." The entire, crew
of the Majestic was saved.
. Germany's note to the United States
has been framed by Baron von Jagow,
the imperial foreign Mninlster, and
handed to 'Ambassador Gerard . for
transmittal to Secretary Bryan at
Washington. Germany offers to tem
porize with America regarding the Lu
sitania, asking if that vessel carried
a cargo of war; munitions. .
' Speeches bitter with invective-have
been uttered in'tiie reichstag denounc
ing Italy as a traitor among nations.
. Admiral Jackson has succeeded Lord
Fisher1 as first jsea lord of the Brit
ish admiralty in the new; cabinet.
Fisher resigned -because of differences
with Winston Churchill, former first
lord of the admiralty.
' Another British battleship, the Tri
umph, has been sunk in the Darda
nelles by a German or Turkish sub
marine.; All but six. of the crew "were
saved; ; This makes England's fourth
loss ; in the straights and the. fifth to
the Anglo-French fleet storming, the
Turkish forts.- The other sunken war
ship's; 'were the Britisll .- men-of-war
Ocean, Irresistible and Goliath; f and
the French warship; Bouvet , ' r v
The Italian campaign in southwest
Austria is continuing- uninterrupted,
according to advices from the.-Roman
war office. The Austrians ; have , been
retreating before the advance of their
new enemy. . Y" :
The Nebraskan an American own
ed steamship recently chartered to the
White Star line for several ' ocean
voyages between New York and Liv
erpool waslclisabled off the Irish coast
by a mine. The - steamer was empty
and carried no cargo. The entire .crew
was saved and the ship towed into
port at Fastnet.. ' r v
England's new coalition war cabinet
has been announced by Premier As
quith. Lord Kitchener retains his
post as secretary of state for war, with
the assistance of David Lloyd-George
as minister of munitions. Winston
Spencer Churchill has been succeeded
by Arthur J. Balfdur as first lord of the
admiralty. Churchill takes the post
of chancellor of the duchy of "Lancas
ter. . . .v . ;;.! ..." ,-y.:
Italy has suspended the pkrcei post
with all countries and notified the Uni
ted States that all parcels sent to that
country will be returned to th,e send
crs. " -. ' "
Dispatches from Bucharest state the
Russian battleship Panteleim6nf with
a crew of 1,4Q0, has been sunken the
Black sea off the Roumanian coast,by
a Turkish gunboat in a natal "engage
ment near the mouth of the Danube.
The entire crew is reported as lost."
Constantinople -advices 'report a
land battle at the southern extremity
of the Gallipoli peninsula between the
Moslem and allied troops in which
the 'French and English were ributed,
leaving 2,000 dead on the fields. Th'lre
is great rejoicing in Constantinople. .
Germany is now busied with at
tempting to keep feoumania out of the
war. Bulgaria has declared she will
in no way interfere unless her own in
terests demand her entrance into" the
struggle. . v .... y
us.
The Vienna press denounces Italy,
Austria's former ally, as treacherous.
A bitter" feeling against the RjiUans
has spread throughout the dual mon
archy. Domestic ' r"('!
New York police in evening; clothes
are watching the eabarel srlowsin'all
the restaurants and cafes. - -
.... --.. , -
The diocesan convention of the? Epis
copal church of the - United States
adopted, resolutions indorsing thS ; ad
ministration of President Wilson and
pledging its support; xf his peace poli
cies. - 'I ,' Vt
The United States warsfifp', South
Carolina, put . Into port in "New York
carrying seventy-seven survivors', plck
ed up f,rom the wrecked Hqattdtiin
erican steamer, Ryndam, which was
jammed at sea by a tramp siener.off
Nan-to. - - ' f' ;
Former President Taft, in a speech
in? New York denounced in - bitter
terms the leaders of the . American
Federation of -Labor for exercising a
'ower which he 6ay3 has become ex
cessive and detrimental to the public
weal and the good of . society. ' ' .'
Domestic : 0
; The Arizona, board of pardons com
muted the sentence of five Mexicans
sentenced to -hang at the same time
and recommendation was made to
Gpvernor Hunt that, each hang separately-
; ' , ;y '. ;V; ,
Leo Frank, - Atlanta manufacturer
convicted of the murder of little Mary
Phagan,. and Jim Conley, the negro
who confessed he was Frank's accom
plice in the crimevWere brought face
to face to testify in the suit brought
by the murdered girl's mother to re
cover, damages from the National Pen
cil company for her child's loss. Con
ley's liberation came on the date the
testimony was taken. , Frank is sen
tenced to hang
ULtb. Arthur H. Noyes of Cranston,
R. L, was electrocuted while holding a
telephone receiver in one hand and
the handle of a vacuum cleaner in the
other, a short circuit being completed.
Eruptions of the Lassen Peak vol
cano in Hat Greek valley, California,
have greatly disturbed the , peace of
the settlers, in that section in , recent
weeks. Large lava flows have poured
down the mountain sides and destroy
ed the farming lands.
Washington
Following his conference with Du
val West, his personal representative
to Mexico, President Wilson has an
nounced that he will serve notice on
the warring factions in that republic
that ; his patience is exhausted and
that peace must come, as the fighting
now is no longer for a principle, but
merely a test of supremacy .between
leaders who wish to gain control of
the Mexican government.
: Secretary Bryan has
expressed
great gratification over the recently
signed triple peace treaties between
Argentine, Chile and Brazil, and says
it is a step in the accomplishment of
his policy for a greater unity of the
western hemisphere. -
President Wilson is deeply concern
ed over the reported disabling of the
American iBteamerehraskan off the
Irhcoas--lls''f"cbur8e; has not yet
been ' determined! ' until he xecelved
full details and official information.
President Wilson has shown a sign
of restlessness over Germany's delay
in answering the American note re
garding the Lusitania incident.
I "The Americas for the Americans,"
was the enthusisastic cry that domi
nated the Pan-American financial con
ference held in' Washington between
the representatives of the twenty-one
American republics. The leading spir
its of the conference were President
Wilson and Dr. Santiago Perez Triana,
the delegate from Columbia, who main
tained that the western world shall be
entirely independent of Europe here
after. After a conference with Duval
West, his personal representative to
Mexico, President Wilson announced
there-would be no immediate change in
the Mexican policy.
President Wilson denied the rumor
that he intends calling an extra ses
sion of congress in October. He said
he was crossing no bridges until they
were reached, and the rumor, was pre
mature. '
Secretary Garrison has appointed
Walter A. Harris of Georgia to mem
bership on the national military board,
to succeed Major Harry S. Berry of
Tennessee.
President .Wilson has received Sher
wood Eddy, general Y. M. C. A., secre
tary for Asia, who reported some of
the prevailing conditions in the pres
ent Jap-Chinese crisis. ; Mr. Eddy
states that Christianity is making
great gains throughout the Chinese
republic and that nation is rapidly
awakening to play an important part
in the world's future history.
Foreign ; 1 . ',.:) ..
King Constantine's condition is . re
ported somewhat improved, though he
is considered by no means out of
danger. A special arrived in Athens
from Berlin who feels that an opera
tion may, not be necessary.
: President Arriaga of Portugal j has
resigned. For some time grave fears
have been entertained of an attempt
on his life. ' . . . ,
Two of the many treaties pending
between China and Japan have at last
been signed by the Chinese republic's
officials . at Pekin. Great contention
will be noted in the next treaty, called
Group No. 5. The signed treaties are
said to be acknowledgments of Japan's
withdrawal from certain - demands
which excited the Japanese crowdsto
rage in Tokyo , who called Baron Kato,
the foreign" minister, a traitor.
Forty persons were drowned in the
shipwreck of the Chilean steamer,
Maximaimo, off the- coast of Santia
go, Chile.
lloliand has protested I to v Germany
about the sinking of the Lusftaaia.
A triple peace treaty between the
three South American-republics of Ar
gentineBrazil and Chile shas been
signed at Buenos Aires. . .' . '
American Ambassador Penfield a
Vienna will be the Italian representa
tive at the court of Franz -Josef from
how on. ' '-
OF NATIONS UNITY
GREATER DAYS LIE BEFORE THIS
NATION THAN IT EVER YET
HAS SEEN
EULOGIES OF DEAD HEROES
President, Bryan, Daniels and Other
Speak at Memorial Services Held
At Arlington.
Washington. Eulogies of America's
soldier and sailor dead were voiced
by President Wilson, Secretary Bryan,
Secretary Daniels and Governor Willis
of Ohio at Memorial Day exercises at
Arlington National Cemetery.
President Wilson, cheered on hi
arrival and departure and during his
address, carefully avoided any- direct
reference Ho problems facing the
TJnited States. He was enthusalstic
ally applauded when he declared that
"greater days lie before this Nation
than it ever yet has seen,-and the
solemn consciousness of those whs
bear office In this time is that they
must make their best endeavor to
embody in what they do and 'say the
best things in the United States." ?
Governor Willis evoked applause
when he jsaid "the President of the .
United States is making a successful '
effort to keep us out of the broils of
Europe" and added, "now is the time
to keep " cool, think carefully and
stand by- the President. He and his
Cabinet know vastly more of our deli
cate relations with European belliger
ents than the rest, of us can. possibly
knot?-; let us hold up his hand in the
patriotic effort he is -making in;: this
The President sat in the midst; df
veterans of two wars during the exer
cisesand uttered t; an audible "amen"
at the conclusion of an invocation by ;
Bishop Earl Cranston of Washington,,
.who prayed that Jthe United States
mightj be led aright in the present
crisis. " . v' . : ;
VETERANS GATHER IN CAMP.
Survivors of Southern s Army Throng
Richmond.
Richmond, Va. Richmond on the
eve of the 25th annual reunion of the
United Confederate Veterans was '
thronged with survivors of the armies
of J the South. Assembled around
peaceful ' camp fires, they paid silent
tribute to their departed heroes, con
trasting their contentment with the
turbulent camps and seething trenches7
of Europe. . ';:
On scores of special trains the
Southern hosts poured into Richmond
throughout the day and night, the
old Capital of the Confederacy was
ablaze with Jight and her streets
thronged with cheering veterans ; and
reverent youths. Preliminary events
were the memorial exercises for the
Confederate dead, the dedication of a
memorial to the Confederate women
of Virginia and the. arrival of General '
George P. Harrisan of Alabama, who
has been designated commander-in-chief
of the reunion by Gen. Bennett
H. Young, who is detained in Cleve
land, Ohio, by illness.
Following the regular memorial ex
"ercises in which hundreds of Confed
erate veterans; from-all regions of the
South participated, impressive cere
monies attended the . un,Veiling of the
bronze tablet to Virginia's Confeder
ate women! in Hollywood Cemetery.
The tablet was dedicated with an ad
dress by Judg'e George L. Christian
and unveiled by J. Taylpr Ellyson
Crump. :- .; ; T '
. ... ...... . ....
' For Sake of Humanity.
Washington. President Wilson in
tends to shape the course of the Unit
ed States, in the international crisis
which has arisen so as to leave no
doubt abroad of the country's purpose
not onlyv to speak, but if necessary to'
act, for the cause of humanity.
D.i.n Asked to Intercede.
Washington. President Wilson was
asked in ' a telegram from the Inde
pendent. Order of Sons of Israel, at
Boston, to intercede with Georgia -authorities
for commutktion of " Leo
M. Frank's deatlf sentence, -
Sunk by Mistake .
Washington. Ambassador Gerard
at Berlin has, 'been formally notified
that the American steamer Gulflightp
was sunk through'" a mistake of the'!
German submarine commander ;
Russians Claim Victories.
London, The' great battle on the -San,
to which the Russians fell back
after retreating over, half Galicra still
rages, but the Russians assert that
they have assumed the off ensive. -Lon- -don
takes this "statement to. mean that
another mighty German -effort has ex- : .
pended itself. s
: f