-4
UCCESS IN RAISING GEESE
Fowls Subsist Largely on Grass Durv
ing Growing Season, and Require
J ; - Little Attention.
Prepared by the United States Depart-"
ment of Agriculture.)
' Practically all the geese in this
.country are raised in small flocks on
general farms, and few, if any, farms
are devoted entirely to raising geese.
Cteese can be raised successfully in
'small numbers and at a profit on
farms where there is plenty of grass
or pasture land with a natural supply
ot water. The birds, both young and
old,l are very hardy and are rarely af
fected by any disease or insect pests.
,Srass makes up, the bulk of the feed
for geese, and. it is doubtful wheth
r It pays to raise them unless good
- .grass range is available. Geese are
the closest known grazers, and both
the mature geese and the . partially
grown goslings will get their entire
iving iroin a good pasture so long as
- 'the grass remains green. .
A body of water where they can swim
is considered essential during the
. breeding season, and is- desirable dur
ing the rest of the year. If there is
no natural pond, an artificial one or
tanks may be suppliedto advantage.
The market for geese Is not so genjyj
era! as for chickens ; this :f act should
fe considered, poultry specialists in
he United States Department of Ag
riculture say, in undertaking to raise
geese. The. demand and the price paid
for geese are usually good In sections
where geese fattening Is conducted on
a large scale.
Geese are fed a ration to; produce
ggs during the latter part of the wln
er (about February 1, In the north
eastern section of this country) or so
that the goslings will be hatched by
the time there is good, grass pasture.
They are allowed to make nests on
the floor of the house, or large boxes,
barrels, or shelters are provided for
tfhat purpose.
Goslings hatched under hens should
be examined for head lice, and a little
jgrease lard or vaseline applied with
the fingers on the head and neck.
-Feme breeders who hatch with both
eese and hens give all the goslings to
the geese, which I make the best moth
Cees-e Grow Rapidly and Are Rarely
Affected With Disease.
ers. A few breeders prefer to breed
the. goslings artificially, keeping them
from one to three weeks in the house
;al night in a covered bushel basket.
To keep a record of their age and
breeding the web, of. the feet of the
ii!.v hatched goslings should be
jpimehed. Hens with goslings may
..hi' confined to the coop and the gos
"tlngs allowed to range. In .mild
a l eather the hens are allowed to brood
(the goslings from seven to ten days,
'when the latter are able to take care
-of themselves. It ' is very necessary
to keepthe young goslings dry, so they
.tire usually kept confined In the
- morning until the dew is dried off, and
they should not be allowed to get Into
water until partly feathered. This oc
curs when they are from two to four
,-veeks old, depending on the weather
.ifiiid their range. Goslings caught and
pparently drowned in a cold rain may
s":setiraes be revived by drying In flan
aiel near a fire.
70od-sized growing coops with
oard floors should be provided for the
Hnjfs, which must be protected
ffruinrtheir enemies. When on range,
tthe young bird needs some attention!
sis they may get lost or caught In
Irt; holes and odd corners. Young
a.ijsiinjfs,- if confined, should be given
?:rns? yards and the coops removed
4 i-equently to fresh grass. It is bet
, r to keep the growing goslings sepa
rate from the oW stock. Shade should
the provided In hot weather. If very
young goslings are allowed to run with
arge animals, they are apt to be In
jured or killed.
ma::: fowls work for food
' ...: ' ; r" : : 1 ,' , ' ' ...
drains Scattered in Litter Compel
Hens to Exercise Green Feed
' Aids Digestion.
. 'All scratch feed or whole grain
; :ould be scattered In the Utter, say
.Kiwciaitsts of the United States De
liarrment of Agriculture, Hens like
to -work for their living. Troughs
or hopiers should be used for dry
wash. They keep, this I feed always
v ccciwible. ... Noon is the time to pro
xlo fresh green food. It aids dL
BWBWBBiBMWWBWiMBBBWBBBIiMBWMIIlBBWWWMBMBHMBIIMBBMMBMBMWMBBBBMBIiMs s.
HER EXACT WORDS.
Bill So you asked the sweet little
thing to marry you?
GillYes, I did.
"And she said 'yes,1 I suppose?" N
"No, she didn't."
"Oh, she said 'no,' aid she?"
"Not exactly."
"Well, what did she say; then?"
"She said: 'Nofchln 'doin'.,w
Evidently, Not by the Senses.
An American was with a gushing en
thusiasm describing his new car to an
English visitor. "It runs, so smooth
ly," he said, "you can't feel it. Not
u-uu.oi noise, you cant near it. rer-
fect ignition, you can't smell it And
speed, why, it simply whizzes, you
can't see it."
"My word !" exclaimed the aston
ished Britishet. "How do you know
the bally thing is there?" Boston
Transcript
Telephone Nightmares.
Church -I understand an arrange
ment has been patented so that when
a person Is talking rm th tplpnhnnA
the face of the person one Is talking
to is reflected on a mirror In front of
them, even If the person being talked
to Is miles away.
Gotham Well, I hope to gracious
If that Is so some people I happen to
know will never telephone me.
, Strong-Arm Methods.
"Politics is a same of give
and
take," remarked Mr. Wapples.
Ill subscribe to the first part of
your statement." said Mr. Grabcoin.
who had just had an experience with
an alert "money digger." "I don't par
ticularly object to giving, but I do ob
ject to the kind of back talk I have to
take for not 'giving more." Birming
ham Age-Herald.
WHA OFFICERS ARE' FOR
"So you've elected a new set of
J
officers." .
"Yes. Now all we've grot to do il
to sit back and kick about the way
they do thing-s."
Cheerful.
It may be that I shall rvot do
A single thing worth while,
But while my skies above are blue
I'll try to show a smile.
Best He Could Do.
'Good heaven, Dick! Tan
shoes
& s uwimiy Daa
I?, w ' ' .
1 know ft hut ctnL'tnr. iiv
, wv.11J6 iCCl wiui
evening aress u worse." Boston
Transcript.
An Optimist.
"I'm sorry to see ,fou here," said the
friend of a convictnd bank embezzler.
"Oh. there Isn't much change, after
all," said the prisoner, cheerfully.
"No?"
"You see, I had been shut up in a
cage and looking through bars for
years before I caihe here. These bars
are just a little thicker. . and Instead
of being brass they are steel."
Tragic.
He (during quarrel)i-Then
did you marry me?
whj
bhe Just to get even with that
hateful Mad Brown and to make her
cry ner eyes out because I took" you I
away from her:
He Good heavens, woman, what
have you done? Why. 1 married you
Jast because she threw me over.
Hard Work.
new hired man
"Is that
worker?"
a hard
"lfll
say
he Is," replied Farmer
"I don't know nnvhnrtv
Corntossel.
that work" seemed to go harder with
than it does with him." 7 . ,
A Matter of Taste. ,
The Equestrienne-Ohrrm so furl
ous with myself!
14 Why?" ;.V -;V--"
"For liking, so much the kiss Jack
inrusher made me take In
this morning." Judge.
the park
or . Course flotl I
."""" neuevoienny . to little K
Kiru-Anu wnat is your, nam, my
Modern ."Little Dear"D'y0Q know
u shouldn't speak to a lady1 without
. - - 1
you
beln lotroducHt
m3
THE TRYON NEWS TRYON, N. 0,
Conducted by National Council of the
Boy Scouts of America.)
' SCOUT SERVICE
In a report to the national council
headquarters, a scoutmaster fills In
the blank asking for comment upon
his troop's community good turns as
follows: "Did everything they could;
anywhere," which seems to be typical
of the spirit of scouts throughout the
country. The jobs aren't always' the
pleasantest sort either, or the easiest,
but when a scout tackles the thing
he does it ?for all he's worth," with
brain and brawn
and a right, good
few little things
will. ' Here are a
scouts in Birmingham did. in their
"leisure hours." It looks as if .these
boys were not only going to be good
citizens In the future, but are good
citizens, here and now.
Uue scout repaired a bridge, cleaned
mud out of , two curbs and drained
a ditch ; half-hour time.
Five 8cbts removed a large pile
of brush where trees had oeen
trimmed up; 15 minutes each.
Five scouts repaired a street where
It had washed out by piling rocks and
brush and then dirt on top ; one hour's
timet
Two scouts, buried a dead hen, that
the city health department would not
remove ; 30 minutes' time..
Four scouts dug a drainway to let
standing water out of the street, and
opened up ten sewers and 23 gutters.
Two scouts repaired a bridge and
opened four sewers and 20 gutters;
ten hours.
One scout cut a dead tree which
stood close by the passageway and
was very dangerous to those passing;
one hour.-
Eleven scouts worked two hours get
ting water out of basement of a church,
then built . a fire and dried out the
place.
Three scouts repaired four sewers,
also raked up a lot of leaves frojra
around a house and burned thenvs
they were dangerous to the commu
nity; one and one-half hours.
CHIEF SEA SCOUT REPORTS.
At the last national council meet
ing the chief 1 sea scout, James A.
Wilder, made this report:
"We have found our sea legs. After
some backing and ' filling as to the
best methods, we have, with the ad
vice of some 400 executives, and oth
ers, settled on the course to be steered.
This . decision has steadied the sea-
coast program and the taffrail log be
gins to register more speed. Novem
ber, 1920, was our banner month, fol
lowed by the record breakers, Decem
ber and January, 1920 and 1921. As
we go to press, February, 1921, has ai-
ready broken the record again. We
have registered more ships In the last
five months than In the previous three
years. This is at the rate of 110 per
cent increase annually.
"We have the assurance that the
seacoast program Is being pushed a
the official older boy program, in 87
cities. Ship's papers or preliminary
steps have already been taken by 104
scout centers. In some cities, notably
San Francisco, Honolulu and others,
the program has been under way for
several years without the registry of
a single1 ship, because , of a vote to
thoroughly train leadership before ad
mitting boys to membership. The sea-
scouts, at the rate we are growing at
Present, will be 200 "ships"' In 1922. If
. . - . . .
tne last rour months' increase in our
number Is maintained we will be.
In six months, the largest seamanship
training course or nautlcal school' In
the United States. Swift Increase Is
not expected In the face of such slo
gans as 'You must know it all the
time Don't start anything, you cant
finish. 'Practice makes perfect.' "No
frauds.' 'The ship is what you make
her. 'Don't give up the ship.' Never
theless, we're already half the size of
Annapolis; and as far as. plain sailing
goes, we are giving the same boat-seamanship
program.
"Fifty navy boats have been
loaned to bona-fide seascouts, accord-"
ing to regulations, and to certain sea
coast training bases. Five hundred
are still available for really deter-
mined sea coasts of schooner (or sec-
grade.
"The slogan. is now, 'run your troop
like a ship,' and in a seamanlike man
ner. Seacoast centers are asked to
avoid foolhardy practices, slack sea
manship and frauds, and the local
shipping committees are required to
take a pledge that no boatwork or
small boat sailing shall take place un
til the ship's company have qualified
as lifesavers. Tills waiting game may
not spell numbers, but spells quality,"
; TO KEEP TROOPS GOINQ: j
"I have a question, toor Mr. Cave
Scout. This seems about tho hnrHao
time in the whole year to keep thlnetf
going In our troon. Thar 1-
.dmg bc?Ides regular meetings Can
, .., v. .a uiuu I
uuyvwiy neip our m tnis case? "I be
lieve I can. Cave Scout. W hA k
same trouble in nm fnvhnnfii
winter, when we arranged a scout dln-
ner and Invited our dads and mothers.
about what we do In sctmUnga
8mt In Boys' Life.. , T
rnir chva nnr rnllr a M4.. i u.
t . J ,4 .
NEWS OF
ORCHARD
HOW TOP-GRAFTING IS DONE
New Growth Should Be Used and
Scions Should BejTaken From
Most Vigorous
ous Tr
rees.
For many years I lived in "the west
ern part of New York state and every
spring spent a large part of my time
In V tree surgery. Top-working ', seed
ling apple . trees became my Job in
the community; By long experience I
developed metljpds of my own-until
the grafts lost did not except 5 per
rent, and; often not more than 1 per
cent. Right now . Is the time-to cut :
apple scions if this has. not been done
yet, writes H. Wallis Smith In Farm
ers' Mail and Breeze; The best scions
are obtained from the ends of bear
ing branches." New growth should be
used and the scions should be taken
from vigorous trees where the one
and two-year-old growth has reached
a size of one-eighth inch In diameter
un to the size of a lead pencil. Water
- r - ...
sprouts are worthless as scions.
Scions must be cut before' the , buds
swell and should be tagged and packed
in moist sand or eartb and kept In
the cellar. Cuttings from quickly
growing varieties will do . best. As
soon as enough sap has started so the
Fig. 1 shows the scion properly cut.
Fig. 2 is the stock ready for the
scion.
bark will peel. It is time to do top-
grafting. I never graft a branch that
Is more than one and one-half inches
In diameter. I take the branch to be
cut In my left hand and with a sharp.
flne-tooth saw, cut It off below my
hand. I do not let It fall or sway un
til cut off entirely as this will spilt
the bark or wood of the stub, damag
ing It for grafting. I cut a branch
l?ere and another there, being careful
oot to get them too close together. I
take two or three years to work over
1 large tree. A tree should not be
pruned severely the "same year It is
grafted.
When all branches on a tree are cut
I prepare the scions by. making . a
sJanting cut on one side only,, leaving
two good buds. A sharp, thln-bladed
Hnlfe must be used for this purpose,
An incision is then made In the bark
of the stub and the bark turned up at
the corners as shown In Fig. 2. I
then wet the cut end of the scion In
my mouth and slip It down under the
bark of the stub, the cut side of the
scion on the Inside, until the bark be
gins to split at the bottom of the In
cision. I put two scions on each stub, then
map some twine about the graft (Fig.
3) to keep the corners of the bark
frora curling outward as they "dry.
The wax Is applied as soon as six or
pfeht grafts are made. This wax Is
made up asollows:
pint raw Unseed oil.
1V4 pounds rosin.
: 1 pound beeswax.
" This is melted up together and i put
Into two tin cans with wire bales, the
outer ends of which are bentJh the
form of hooks as shown in "Fig. 4. I
next take a length of stovepipe, put
a bale In one end. fit wooden bottom
in the other, and nail It on well. A
small hand lamp is set into the pipe
and the can of wax suspended above
it by means of the hooks. This keeps
the wax warm and of the right con-
Fig. 3 shows the stock with scions in
place ready for the wax. Fig. 4 is
the device for heating the wax.
sistency to apply to the grafts. Cold
wax will not . stick. I apply the wax
with a cheap paint brush to six or
eight grafts at a time. While the next
batch of grafts are being made the
other xan of wax is getting warm.
Hot wax too wanri for the hand
should not be used. Put on several
coats and cover the entire stub to an
Inch below the split In the bark. The
grafts should be examined about once
a week. As soon as they begin to
grow the gap. In the bark will spread
and the wax may crack,,Jettlng,in the
air, which may mean the death - of
younraft. tf any cracks show, close
the
.ZTr. l nnrs-
uie wine ana you .
;i ra rnmnffh 1 ma.- -
water sprouts cut out. T
I never split the stub and put scions
in the cleft as Is commonly done. I
believe my method is twice as certain
of being successful. If the wax
should crack at any time r so as to
let the , air and water get into the
cleft before the ' wound Is healed. It'
will cause the heart to decay and will
nUn the vitality of the branch. fc
MflTFR Ml ST BE
GIHFM TO fiRflPS TiV,E G weeds
Too Much Sprinkling, However,
Often Proves Injurious to
Many of Plants.
WAYS OF IRRIGATING GARDEN
Suggestions Given Showing How the
Work Should Be Done for Best
Results Thorough Cultivation
. Should Be J Given.
iPrepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Garden crops drink lots of water.
It is just as essential to their growth
as is plantfood.; or sunlight. Practl
callv everv hnmp starci(riei whn hns
looked, upon his thriving gaxden with
pride In the spring has experienced
various degrees of lost hope during
midsummer droughts when the plants
he has worked with so carefully stand
with drooped heads for. lack of mois
ture. Jiixpenenced - gardeners always
provide " some means of supplying
moisture to keep their gardens grow
ing vigorously through dry spells. Va
rious ways of irrigating gardens are
outlined by garden specialists of the
United States Department of Agricul
ture. . The , essentials ' tot the successful
watering of garden crops, they say,
are, first, an adequate supply of wa
ter, and second, suitable heans of dis
tributing it to the plants. Whenever
the garden is within reach of a city
water supply a hose can be used to
advantage, drawing water from the
regular piping system. Where a sup
ply of this kind is not available, often
it Is possible to pump water "with a
small gas enrine and a numn. The
gas engine and a pump
source of water will vary with local
conditions, and each gardener must
work out his own problem, but there
are well-defined principles, regarding
its application.
Too Much Sprinkling Injurious.
Frequent sprinkling of garden
plants and the surface soil with the
hose usually does more harm than
good. The best results can be real
ized where water is applied only after
the soil has become reasonably dry.
and the plants are almost at the point
of showing the need of water. The
soil , should then be well soaked, and
no more water applied until It Is again
fairly dry. In the meantime thor
ough cultivation should be given, be
ginning as soon as the surface soil
Is dry enough to work.
There are three distinct methods of
applying " the water. The overhead-
sprinkler system, used by many mar
ket gardeners, consists of pipe Inch
or 1 Inch in diameter with a lino nf
holes of about 1.32 inch' in diameter
drilled at Intervals of every 2 feet
along one side. The pipe. Is support
ed on lines of stakes driven in the
ground across the garden. One end
is capped or plugged, and to the other
connection is made with the water
Vegetables Need Lots of WaterThis
Gardener la Using It in Transplant
Ing Tomatoes.
pump by means of a hose. The water
is discharged at any desired angle or
airection tnrough the small hples on
tne siae or tne pipe. Water should be
applied by the sprinkler system only
during tne latter part of the dav or
In ; the evening so that" it will have
plenty of time to soak into the 'soli
overnight. An abundance of water
should be put oh . at one time,' and
then no more' applied until the plants
really need It
' Expensive but Effective. ; ;
fmbirrigation or underground water
ing is practiced In many localities, es
pecially - where the subsoil Ms rather
close, and does not allow the water to
flow away freely. Lines of ordinary
open-joint drain tile, such as are used
on farms for draining land, are. em-
pioyea. me tiles, are laid In Unes 4
to 8 feet apart, at a, depth of 15 to 18
Inches, so they will not be disturbed
In plowIng.IflHaylng the tile the lines
should be level and the joints placed
close together. The ; water will flow
through .. the tiles ? and escape at tb
L joints Into " the; soll This lsyrerhfln
the best method of applying water to
garden crops wherever the conditions
. are suitable for its use, as the wafer
goes direct to the roots of the plants
and the surface, remains dry, making
it possible to j keep up continuous cul
tivation. .The objection to the system
is that it is rather expensive to Install,
but when once in place it will t
tor many years. - ' ,
farmers iose mm
Survey Has Recently BGsn Con
ducted by Experts.
Some-of Worst Plants Havc R
Given, Special Attention and B ,
letins on Best Methods of Erad
ication Have Been slSSUed "
(Prepared by the TTnit
- - - - cuites
Sep
incut OI ASTTiculture
art-
Fighting weeds occupies ah.
per. cent of all the time n ;
spends in cultivavon of cto,k .1 mer
ing to experts At e United s
Department of Ag.nculture Who
cently have been coirluctin'sr a u6"
survey. Special attention has
given to the best methods of conn
ing some of .the worst weeds- Jl
following publications on their
vnvu V.UUUW1 may oe obtui
writing to the department:
uned by
,VT j5 uulieuus: wi:a Onion-
' "c"Ci Ul w nd oats
" V vlieac Are&; 945 Ber.
rauda Grass;t1161, Dodder; 1166, p0t.
- !?,n ; lv? and Poison Sumac ; 1002.
Canadian Thistle.
Department circulars: 108, Chi.
130 (five cents a copy), Hawkwp
or Paint Brushes.
Departmenb bulletins: 511 VtAn
cents), Farm .Practice in the Culrha
tion of Cotton.
In addition to these the following
multlgraphed leaflets on special weeds
Well-Cultivated Corn Field Free of
Weeds Food, Not Waste, Produced
on This Land.
may be obtained by writing direct to
Forage Crop Investigations, Bureau of
Plant, Industry, United States Depart
ment of Agriculture, Washington,
D. C: Chemical, Weed Killers; Eradi
cation of Nut Grass; Wild Carrrt;
Crab:Grass; Killing Dandelions in
Lawns ; Sheep Sorrel ; Chickkweed in
Lawns; Eradication of Quack Grass;
Vnid Morning Glory, or. Bind-Weed;
Honeysuckle as a Weed; Perennial
Sow Thistle. "
SEED MIXTURES ARE COSTLY
Much Advertised Clover-Timothy Con
tain Very Little of Former Of
Little Value. t
So-called clover-timothy seed mix
tures, -which are widely advertised
by certain seed firms at what raav
appear to be attractive prices, often
contain so little alsike or red clover
that they are . of little, If any, more
value than timothy seed, but actually
cost nearly double ' the market price
of that seed, say specialists of the
United States Department of Agri
culture. These mixtures are usually
offered by the bushel, followed by the
qualifying statement that a bushel
weighs only 45 pounds.
4 In 6ther words,, this seed is offered
as cle ver and timothy i with the claim
that the different seeds occur in the
proper proportions for seeding, while
frequently there is not more than 5
or 6 per cent of. clover present not
enough to be of any value In the crop.
Persons whS buy mixed seed can
not be too'careful to learn the. exact
proportion of the mixtures they get
and the quality of the seed composing
them. Otherwise, they are likely to
pay an exorbitant prlce for seed that
will i not give the crop wanted.
(OAL ASHES ON HEAVY SOIL
Particularly Valuable to Loosen Soil
and Make It Workable No Good
i " ' : ' , as Fertilizer.
Coal ashes have little value as fer
tilizer, their use being, mainly to loos
en the soil and make it workable. They
are; most valuable on heavy clay soiH
but should be screened to take out
coarse material before they are ap
plied, and should be spread evenly ov
er! the ; surf ace and thoroughly mixed
with the soil.- Wood ashes have ferti
lizing value but should be applied be
fore they become leached.
umeJ beneAcial to soils
Particularly Advantageous to Garden
Plot and Will Also, Correct
Sourness of Land.
; An -application of about 50, pounds
of ? hydrated s or air-slaked lime to a
garden Iot 30 by 60 feet In size will
often prove beneficial.- IJme has the
effect of loosening and pu-'verlzing any
heavy clay soil and of binding loose,,
sandy soil. Lime also corrects, sourness
In the soil, which is often due to-lack
of drainage, but in a case of this
drainage should be secured. .