North Carolina Newspapers

j&ADKAZB&S ar&MMD JWER, COLORADO EVEN sovereign states of the Union ? Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming ? have met in the historic Palace of the Gov ernors in Santa Fe, have come to an amicable conclusion regarding the much-vexed question of the control, dis position and use of the waters of the Colorado river and have signed a com pact which is subject to ratification by the legislature of each of the seven signatory states and 'by congress. In so doing these seven states of the Colorado Itiver basin have ? Settled by treaty instead of by resort to the United States Supreme court fundamental and vitally important interstate rights; \ Settled at small expense within 11 months after the appointment of the commission a multitude of disputes that threatened years of litigatiorf block* ing the development of the Colorado basin ; Set a precedent in American history; Taken the first step toward tlve creation of an empire within an empire, the development of which taxes the imagination and will affect individual living from coast to coast. ? The headwaters of the Colorado river, as the map shows, are in Wyoming just south of YVl low stone National park, and In northwestern Colorado. Water (lowing from Milner pass in the Rocky Mountain National park falls 10.750 feet on it? course to the sea. The Green and the Grand come together in Utah to form the Colorado. The Col orado In Arizona flows through Grand Canyonr Na tional park. It empties into the Gulf of California in Mexico. It is nearly 2, (XX) miles in length and more than a score of rivers contribute their wa ters. It irrigates and annually menaces with floods the Imperial and I'alo Verde, valleys In California and the Yuma valley in Arizona. Its basin totals 242,000 square miles of American territory. It is no exaggeration to say that the original contentions of the seven states were so far apart that an agreement seemed hopeless. But Herbert Hoover, secretary of commerce, appointed by President Harding a.A the representative of the ' United States, was there as chairman of the com mission. .. Enough said ! The compnct has been signed hy the representatives of the seven warring states and bears tills: "Approved. Herbert N Hoover/* Following Is the official text of the compact, with the omission of certain technical details not necessary to a comprehensive understanding of the whole: "The States of Arizona. California, Colorado. Nevada. New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming having resolved to enter into a compact under the act of the congress of the United States of America ap proved August 19, 1021 (42 Stat. L., p. 171), and the "acts of the legislatures of the said states have through their governors, appointed as their com missioners W. S. Norviel, for the State of Arizona : W. F. McClurc, for the State of California ; Deph E. Carpenter, for the State of Colorado; J. G. Scrugham, for the State o'f Nevada'; Stephen ?D. Pavls, Jr., for the State of New Mexico; R. E. Cald well. for the Statp of Utnh ; Frank C. Emerson, for the State of Wyoming, who after negotiations par ticipated in by Herbert Hoover, appointed bv the President as the representative of the United States of America, have agreed upon the following articles: "A r rune I. The major purposes or this compact are to provide for equitable division and apportion "ment of the use of the waters of the Colorado river system, to establish the relative Importance of different beneficial uses of water, to promote Interstate comity, to remove causes of present and future controversies, and to swure the expeditious agricultural and Industrial development of the Col orado IUver basin, the storage of its waters, and the protection of life and property from floods. To these ends the Colorndo River bnsin Is divided into two basins, and an apportionment of the use of pnrt of the wnler of the Colorado river system is made to eacli of them with the provision that further equitable apportionments may be made. "Art. II. As used in tlds compact : (A) The term 'Colorado River system* means that portion of th?? Colorado river nnjl its tributaries within the TTnited States of AmerWa. (R) The term 'Colorado Itiver basitV means all of the drainage area of the Col f v orado River system and all other teiyitory within the United States of America to which the waters of the' Colorado River svsteni shall be. beneficially applied. (C) The term 'States of th? upper divi sion means the States of Colorado. New Mexico. Utah and Wyoming. (D) The term 'Sta'es of the lower division' means the States of Arizona. Cali fornia and Nevada. (E) The term 'Lee Ferry* frig means a point in the main stream of the Colorado river one mile below the mouth of the Paris river (extreme southeast corner of Utah). (F) The term 'upper basin' means those parts of the States of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah and Wy oming within and from which waters naturally drain into the Colorado River system above Lee Ferry and also all parts of said states located with out the drainage area of the Colorado IUver sys ter which are now or shall hereafter be beneficially served by waters diverted from the system above Lee Ferry. (G) The term 'lower basin' means those parts of the States of Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico and Utah within and from which waters naturally drain Into the Colorado River system below Lee Ferry, and also all parts of said states locnted without the drainage area of the Colorado River system, which are now or shall hereafter be beneficially served by waters diverted from the system below Lee Ferry/ (H*) The term 'domestic use' shall include the use of water for household, stock, municipal, mining, milling, indus trial, and other like purposes but shall exclude the generation of electrical power. "Art. III. (A) There is hereby apportioned from the Colorado Itiver system in perpetuity to the upper basin and to the lower basin, respectively, to exclusive beneficial consumptive use of 7,700, 000 acre-feef of water per annum, which shall in clude all water necessary for the supply of any rights which may now exist. (B) In addition to the apportionment in paragraph (A) the lower basin is hereby given the" right to increase its bene ficial consumptive use of such waters by 1,000.000 acre-fee# per annum. (C) If, as a matter of inter national comity, the United States of America shall hereafter recognize in the United States or Mexico any right to use of any waters of the Colorado River system, such waters shalj be supplied first from the waters which are surplus over and above the aggregate of the quantities specified in para graphs (A) ahd (B), and if such surplus shall prove insufficient for this purpose, then the burden of such deficiency shall be equally borne by the upper basin and the lower basin, and whenever necessary, the states of the upper division shal? deliver at Lee Ferry water to supply one-half of the deficiency so recognized in addition to that provided in paragraph (D). (D) The states of the upper division will not cause the flow of the river at Lee Fem?\to be depleted below an aggre gate of 75,000,0(X) aVre-feet for any period of 10 consecutive years reckoned in continuing progres sive series beginning with the first day of Octo ber next succeeding the ratification of this com pact. (E) The states of the upper division shall not withhold water, and the states of the lower division shall not require the delivery of water which cannot reasonably be applied to domestic and agricultural iftes. (F) Further equitable ap portionment of the beneficial uses of the waters of the Colorado River system unapport oned by paragraphs (A), (B), and (C) may be made In the manner provided In paragraph (Q) at any time after October 1, IfHW,' If and when either basin shall have reached Its total beneficial con sumptive use ns set out In paragraphs (A) and (B). (G Is omitted). ? "Art. IV. (A) Inasmuch as the Colorado river has ceased to be navigable for commerce and res ervation of its waters for* navigation would seri ' ously limit the developments of lVa basin. th? use ~LT~ QORCjj? OFTHX CQ&ZRA20 *=w< of its waters for purposes of navigation shall be subservient to the um?s of such waters for domes tic, agricultural and power purposes. If the con gress shall not consent to this paragraph, the other provisions of this conipnct shall nevertheless re main binding. (R) Subject to the provisions of this conipnct, water of the Colorado River system may be impounded and used for the generation of electrical power, but such impounding and use shall be subservient to the use and consumption of such water for agricultural and domestic pur poses and shall not interfere with or prevent use for such dominant purposes. (C) The provisions of this article shall not apply to or interefere with the regulation and control by any state within its boundaries of the appropriation, use, and distribu tion of water. * * * * ? *, * "Art. VI. Should any claim or controversy arise between any two or more of the signatory states: (A) with respect to the waters of the Colorado River system not covered by the terms of this com pact. (R) Over the meaning or performance of any of the terms of this compact. (C) As to the allocation of the burdens incident to the perform ance of any article of this compact or delivery of waters as herein provided. (I)) As to the con struction or operation of works within the Col orado River basin to be situated in two or more states or to be constructed in one state for the benefit of another state; or (E) as to the diversion of water in one state for the benefit of another state. The governors of the states affected, upon the request of one of them, shall forthwith ap point commissioners with power to consider and adjust such claim or controversy, subject to rati fication by 'the legislatures of the states so af fected. "Nothing herein contained shall prevent the ad justment of any such claim or controversy by any present method or direct future legislative action of the Interested states. "Art. VII. Nothing In this compact shall be construed as affecting the obligations of the United States of America to Indinn tribes. "Art. VIII. Present perfected rights to the beneficial use of waters of the Colorado River system are unimpaired by this compact. When ever storage capacity of 5,000,000 acre-feet shall have been provided on the main Colorado river within or for the benefit of the lower basin then claims of such rights, if any, by appropriators or users of water In the lower basin against ap propriators or users of water In the upper basin shall attach to and be satisfied from water that may be stored not in conflict with Arthcle III. All other rights to beneficial use of waters of the Col orado River system shall be satisfied solely from the wnter apportioned to that basin In which they are situated. "Art. IX. Nothing In this compact shall be con strued to limit or prevent any state from insti tuting or maintaining any action or proceeding, legal or equi fable, for the protection of any right un der this compact or the enforcement of any of Its provisions. | , "Art. X. This compact may be terminated at any time by the unanimous agreement bif the signa tory states. In the event of such termination all rights established under it shall continue unim paired. "Art. XI. The compact shall become binding and obligatory when it shall have beeri approved by the legislature of each of the signatory states and by the congress of the United States." "The big thing about the Colorado river compact," says Secretary Hoover, "is that it bjreaks the blockade on development of the whol|e river. It allows us nil to go ahead wltii river development and w ith flood protection to the Imperial and Yuma valleys. "The first step Is to settle the controversy be \ tween the upper and lower districts of the Col orado basin. There can be no development until that is settled. Ratification by the -states of the pact agreed upon by the Colorado River commis sion will speedily accomplish this. If the matter is forced into the Supreme court it may require years. ' . "Yet, behind nil the precise and commonplace language of this compact lies the greatnesp and romance of the West, the building of a million more homes out under the blue sky in security and good will." While the commission made no recommendation concerning the site of the dam. Mr. Hoover said he favored its construction at or near Boulder canyon. This Is below the Grand ^anyon and close to the line between Arizona and Nevada. The annual flow of the Colorado about 20, ,000,000 acre-feet. One-third of this is now used. RESOLUTION IN BOTH HOUSES DIRECTS LEGISLATIVE INVESTIGATION. WILL INTRODUCE GAME LAW * ' j Frank Ray Prceents Bill to Repeal Marriage Health Certificate Law of 1921. ? Raleigh? Introduced in both houses of the general assembly was a resolu tion directing an investigation, by the printing committees of both bodies, of the printing contracts made by the state department of labor and print ing, and of charges which the reso lution alleges were made by Edwards and Broughton Printing Co., of Raleigh, one of the five state printers, to the effect that the state work had been un fairly allotted. This resolution was introduced by Senator A. E. Woltz. of Gaston county, and Representative J. Jl Sherrill, of Cabarrus county, both explaining that - it was at the request of M. L. Shipman, commissioner of labor 'and printing It asks for an inquiry to discover whether any state official or employe has been guilty of "unethical or im proper conduct," in management of the state printing contracts. Preced ing the introduction in the house of this resolution, Representative Neal, of McDowell county, had introduced a resolution calling for "investigation of the state printing.'" Representative J. Frank Ray of Ma- I con county, would seek to repeal t^e laws of 1921 which require a medical certificate before the issuance of a marriage license. Representative T. E. Owens, of Sampson, would require the listing of separate stocks by indi viduals. Nine additional house com mittees were announced. Following are listed the nine ad ditional committees appointed by the house, together wth their chairmen: Printing. John B. Sherrill, of Ca | >arrus county. Public service corporation, M. Leslie Davis, of Carteret county. Oyster industry, Charles H. Grady, of Dare county. Deaf and dumb, L. A. Nowell, of Bertie county. Caswell training school, T. E. Whita ker. Guilford county. Public roads and turrtpiker, Clay ton Moore, of Martin county. Education, H. G. Connor, Jr., of Wilson county. Finance, R. A. Doughton, of Alle gheny county. Appropriations, W. N. Everett, of Richmond county. * - Proposed legislation to be offered In the lower house by Representative J. E. L. Wade of New Hanover will apply local option to free text books and pro vide far-reaching supervision and pro tection of all birds and wild animals In the State under the administration , of a game commission and a State Game Warden. < In his law providing for free text books Mr. Wade would give the trus tees or committeemen of each school district the authority to provide funds for purchasing such books as may be needed in the schools under their juris diction through the .appropriation of local funds. It removes the burden from the State treasury and places it entirely on local' resources. In his game law Mr. Wade wOuld provide for the dissolution of the old Audubon society and the establishment of a game commission ,of three mem bers appointed by the Governor with power to elect a State Game Warden who in turn has power to appoint local game wardens for the enforcement of all game laws. Drastic powers are given in the bill to the Game Warden including au thority to amend or change the sched ule of open seasons which are provid ed in uniform scale for the entire State in the bill. He will also have power to enforce the provisions of the meas ure governing the number of various game birds and animals that may be taken by a hunter in one day. Regulations are also included as to the site and types of traps and snares that may be set for birds and beasts with the provision that anybody sea ting a bear trap must post notices of its location in three public places. Hunting wild geese and other water birds from airplanes is prohibited.' Some bird3 are outlawed in the bill and prices set on their heads, County Commissioners may pay ^0 cents a head for chicken hawks but none for sparrow hawks. Guns larger than ten gauge for hunting are pro hibited and in hunting deer the crea ture must be not taken in water that reaches above its knees. - in * New Corporations. Charters were filed with the Secre tary of State for the following cor porations to do business in North Car olina: Payne's Auto Works, of Charlotte, with $25,000 authorized capital and $1.- j 500 subscribed by A. M. .Marshall, R. J N. Payne and J. Ralph Rone, all of j Charlotte. Autorac Co., of Winston-Salem, with $300,000 authorized capital and $500 subscribed by A. H. Holl's. of Winston- j Salem; Lester Puliiaui and M. A. Hod- ' gin, all of Winston-Salem. Stata Farm Loan System F?roposecj What Is regarded by the author rj vital relief for the small farmer .. n . a,uractical means of meeting the i< , ant problem and encouraging inr< ; sive farming, is proposed in a hill p. vided for a State Farm Loan Come, sion to lend money for the pur< !. < of land from a bond issue of $2,r><u. ??n. offered in the Senate by Senator \> r Giles, of McDowell. "There is no reason why any persnr in North Carolina should ever eat head of lettuce or anything else grown Jn Florida and my bill will put a stop to all that" declared Senator Giles Fruit orcherds in the West and truck farms in the Piedmont and Eastern sections of the State are th* dreams of the Senator from McDowell and he is prepared to make the fi^ht of his life to see them enact. d into -I law and his career has given him ,1 reputation as one of the hardest !nd j most effectivce fighters in either braDch of the General Assembly. "Do you think the bill will pass?'" j he was asked, "I know it will," was the confident reply. j Senator Giles proposes a commis j sion of which the Commissioner of Ag riculture shalf be ex-officio ci.aliman j and the State Treasurer ex-officio sec i retary, with three other members to be appointed by the Governor. Loans would be restficted to farms of no! less than 50 nor more 'than 100 a r"s i and loans would bear interest at a of one and one-fourth per cent greater | than interest paid on the bonds issued | by State- and loans would be payable in 18 annual installments, the first fall ing due two years after the date of issue and all of them becoming pay able upon the forfeiture of anyone. The machinery further provides for a loan association in each county com posed of the clerk of the superior court, the chairman of the board of county Commissioners anfrtthe chair man of the board of 'education. This body would pass on all applications of loans arising in its county and only loans approved by it would be submit ted to the state boardi Senator Giles has an open mind on amendments to his measure, though he will insist upon the main idea. Al ready, he is preparing an amendment pro'/iding a scheme for even closer co-operation with the extension bureau of the department of agriculture than would be assured by- making the Com missioner of Agriculture the head of the board. Under this plan, the ex tension service would be charged with the duty of makkig investigations of the , character of farming best de signed for the agricultural improve ment of each section of the state and these recommendations may be written in to the regulations governing loans, so that only farmers intending to us-a improved methods and raise crops suitable to the localities in which they live will be given the preference in securing loans. "This bill, which s!mf)ly means that ' the state pledges its credit to the re lief of the farmer, will mean that in two years from 1,000 to 1,200 farms can be bought and after that payments will begin coming in and the board will have a revolving fund that will do incalculable good," stated the Senator from McDowell. Senator Giles thinks that the additional one and one-fourth per cent provided in his bill will be sufficient to pay the expenses of the board after the first two ye&rs. Other Bills Proposed. Abolition of the death penalty and exemption of service men from poll tax were embodied in short measure* presented by Representative T. E. Owens, Republican, of Sampson. The prohibition bill offered by Representa tive Grist, of Caldwell, provides that the first conviction for making or selling liquof shall be classed as a misdemeanor, punished by a fine of $100 to $1,000, or imprisonment for not less than six months. Second offenses carry no fine, but imprisonment for not, less than tine ! nor more than three years at hard la bor in the State Prison. Third and I ' ' subsequent convictions carry a penalty of not less than three nor more than 15 years penal servituro. Under ;? like schedule of penalties, persons ar rested for drunkenness and refusing to disclose the source from which li quor was obtained, shall be punished as makers or sellers of liquor. Other State-wide measures provide the requirement that every motor ve hicle shall come to a full stop before crossing a railroad and another to provide similar safeguards for public ferries, another that will require hor.^o drawn as well as motor drawn vehicles to carry lights while traveling the public roads at night, and the measura proposed by the Women's organization * of the State making the unsupported testimony of a woman sufficient for conviction in seduction cases. Senator Jones, of Warren. Is sponsor for a bill to abolish in all counties where the clerk of the Superior Court is on a salary the ten cent fee for juror witness tickets now charged by clerks. The item is a considerable one in some counties, amounting to aboue $750 a year in Wake county. A. M. Kistler Will Succeed McBee. Coventor Morrison accepted the res ignation of John C. McBee, Republican Highway Commissioner from the Eighth District, effective February 1, and as his successor, appointed An drew M. Kistler, a business man of Morganton and a Republican. !Th* name of Mr. Kistler will be sent to the Senate immediately. The letter of resignation which wa? i iddressed to Governor Morrison af?er Mr. McBee had resigned in person ot the Mansion, was made public of the Governor.