Would Lease Power of Muscle Shoals WASHINGTON.? Despite the failure of congress to puss a bill providing for dis posal of hydro-electric cur rent generated at Muscle Shoals, plans have been made by the War de partment for the leasing <>f this power hs fast us it is developed. In n letter sent to the special Muscle Shoals committee appointed by Presi dent Coolldge the War department outlined its plans and asked for the views of the committee on the pro posed policy. If the department plans receive the approval of the committee, bids will be asked immediately for the sale of the power. In this connection, It was pointed out that owing to a% shortage of rains in the vicinity of Muscle Shoals there will be a big demand for power this full. In the letter two plans for the sale of the power were outlined. One would be to sell the current as fast as it is developed by the War depart ment to tiie highest bidders under con tracts revocable at any time. The other would be for the sale of the power developed by the steam plant combined with the power (level oped from the hydro-electric plants to I one bidder with some sort of provision j in the contract for the availability of ' the power for the partial operation of j nitrate plant No. 2. In this connection it is pointed out j that while one of t he plants will be ready July 1 It will be several month* before It will be operating efficiently. | The four plants now being constructed | at Wilson dam will ultimately develop 100,000 horse power. j When the lirst one Is completed the government would theoretically have j 25,000 horse power to sell. Hut because ; of the tests of the machinery and un- J avoidable difficulties, it Is not likely that that amount of power will be de livered for at least six months. The other three units will be ready j January 1 and within six months after tha! time it Is expected that the full 100,000 horse power of the develop- ; ment will be available. The Muscle Shoals commission, of which Former Representative John C. McKenzie of Illinois is chairman, was appointed by President Coolldge to study the question and report to him next fall. Too Many Kinds of Money; Not Too Much A STUDY by treasury ofltcials of the problem of the govern ment's paper-money expense hus led to the tentative con clusion that the public Is being sup plied with . more denominations In the various kinds of such money than It needs. Assistant Secretary Dewey, under whose direction the study Is being made, believes It Is time to correct this result of a topsy-turvy develop ment of the nation's currency over many years by eliminating some of the denominations. If the bureau of engraving and printing's present paper-money output of twenty carloads annually could be concentrated on fewer denominations. It would mean a material saving through quantity pro duction and less confusion to the public. "Without making it too difficult," the assistant secretary continued, "It may be explained that the treasury i? now turning out tlve general kinds of paper money ? silver certificates. United States notes, gold certificates, national bank currency and federal reserve currency. "With the latter two we are not concerned in this study, but Just con- I slder the denominations of the firgt three kinds. They ure issued at five, six and eight denominations, respec tively, making a total of nineteen types of 'old-fashioned' money issued directly by the treasury." Mr. Dewey then pointed out that If some way were found to eliminate de nominations of the sllwr certificates, for example, so as to leave only the one hihI ? bane of the superstitious ? the two-dollnr bill, the necessity for making three types of bills would be eliminated and by the process he thought the average citizen might get a little setter acquainted with the silver certificate. Some ouiclals who have gone Jnto the subject favored reducing the L'nited States notes t) one denomina tion ? the five? which would eliminate five denominations of money. Then, the famed yellowback, from the prince of bills, the $10, 000 note, down to the more or less familiar "ten spot," would be allowed to remain the same with its range, Including also the $20, $r>0. $ 100. $r*xt, $1,000 and $5,000 note to care for all needs above the small denominations. "Career Men" in Diplomatic Service FRANK B. KELLOGG. secretary of state, is the embodiment of a new idea of diplomacy, and his direction of the foreign af fairs of the nation Is significant of a new deal all around. Washington is just beginning today to realize that "dollar dloloinacy" Is a thing of the past, and there Is the suggestion that the United States, consciously or un consciously, Is building up a diplomacy of the Old World. In other words, the United States rapidly Is falling luto the custom of the old countries of creating and maintaining profes sional diplomats. "Career men" they call them at the Department of State ? men who have started at the foot of the diplomatic ladder and are climbing slowly but surely Into the front rank of the coun try's representatives abroad. Such a career man, Warren Delano Robblns of New York, who has been counselor of the embassy In Berlin, was gazetted recently as counselor of the embassy at Rome. Eventually Mr. Robblns Is to become a minister. Secretary Kellogg is committed to the new Idea. He may be said to to an expression of the new Idea In his present station, for he has been pro moted from an ambassadorship to head of the State department. This Is In line with the policy of Old-World diplomacy. The promotion of Mr. Kel logg marked a new epoch In Ameri can history. Whether he will remain long at the department, or whether other Presidents will follow Mr. Cool Idge and select ambassadors to head the cabinet, are questions which only history can answer. It is a fact, however, that for the first time within recollection there Is a man In the State department come fresh from diplomatic service and dip- ; lomatlc associations in the Old World. Washington Is wondering what will , be the eventual effect of the new 1 i American diplomacy ? the creation of J ministers from counselors of embas sies and tiie promotion ol career men ; or professional diplomatic represents- ; tlves all along the line. Heretofore j ministers und ambassadors have been appointed for political, personal or commercial leasons. i ? Octagon House to Get Artistic Marker OCf AGON HOUSE, at the cor ner of New York avenue and Eighteenth street, closely Identified with many incidents In the early history of the national capital, is to be more distinctively marked by the American Institute of Architects, which acquired the prop erty several years ago and has used It as Its headquarters ever since. Leading artists have been invited to devise a suitable marker for the build ing, the winning design to be selected at the national convention of archi tects in New York city. The sturdy old building Is consid ered one of the best surviving ex amples of the Elghteenth-centdry type of American Georgian or Adam period ?tyle of town house. It was designed by William Thornton, one of the pio neer architects of the United States, who also designed the main Capitol building. ,.hlch formed the nucleus of the present structure, and also the plan of the University of Virginia. He came to this city with his family from Philadelphia In 1793. He held the of flee of commissioner of patents for several years, and died here In 1828. His ashes rest In the Congressional cemetery and his tombstone bears the chiseled motto, "Deo Spes Meo." The land on which the Octagon house stands was acquired by Col. John Tayloe, a wealthy land owner of Virginia, from Gustavus W. Scott for $1,000. and he arranged with Mr. Downing for the erection there of a winter home for his family. During Its construction, which began In 1798 and occupjed three years' time, Gen eral Washington, who was a personal friend of Colonel Tayloe, showed great Interest In the work. From the time of Its first occupancy until the death of Mrs. Tayloe, wife of Benjamin Ogle Tayloe, son of the original owner, In 1850, Octagon house was celebrated on both sides of the Atlantic for Its generous hospitality. Its most eventful experience, how ever, was Its occupancy by President Madison and family for nearly a year after the burning of the White House by the British during the War of 1812. State Has Tax Preference Over Nation THE Supreme court has hand ed down two Important tax decisions. In one It was held that states have the right to prescribe In their Inheritance-tax laws the method of determining the market value of property transferred, and to provide that no deduction shall be made from this value In computing the state tax for any Inheritance or estate tax paid to the federal government. This ruling was made In a case brought from California by the execu tors of the estate of Henrietta Pierce Watkinson, and was considered of wide Importance not only to states, but to beneficiaries under wills, be cause of Its material bearing Increas ing the amount of money states can collect under Inheritance tax laws. It was delivered by Justice Stone among the first he has handed down since hla appointment to the bench. Explaining that the gross estate In question exceeded $1,800,000, Justice Stone pointed out that California re ceived $37,699 more taxes under the ttltfuiatloM of it* law than It .would have received had the federal tax been first deducted. Asserting that there Is no constitu tional guarantee of equality of taxa tion, the Justice declared the power of Btates to discriminate In fixing the amount and Incidence of taxation upon Inheritance was undoubted. The second decision held that any gain In value must be taken Into ac count on taxes under the 1918 reve nue act upon securities purchased be fore March 1, 1913, and sold In 1919. The court, In deciding a case brought by the government against the estate of James J. Flannery, held that the gain und not the market value on Murch 1, 1913, the time fixed In the law for determining value, or the pur chase price, must govern In such cases. In 1919 Flannery sold some stock which he had purchased prior to March 1, 1913. When his executors reported on the transaction they claimed that the profit which had been made was not taxable Income because the revenue act 9t 18X8 77i men In all, had arrived in the camp at Cam bridge. Pennsylvania had sent nine companies In stead of six and these nine companies were formed as one battalion under the command of Col. William Thompson of Carlisle with Edward Hand as lieutenant colonel. Their captains were the following: James Chambers, Robert Cluggage, Michael Doudel. William Hendricks, Abraham Mil ler, George Nagel. James Boss, Mattlfew Smith and John Lowdon. In Lowdon's company were two men destined for later renown. One was a 19-year-old, red-head ed, Irish lad who became Copt. Sam Brady, chief of rangers on the Pennsylvania and Ohio border, hero of "Brady's Leap" and a dozen other hair breadth escapades. The other was five years old er than Brady. He was somewhat under the aver age height, but well-built and muscular, lean of flank and swift of foot, a typical l>lack-halred, dark-eyed Celt, and no history of the New York frontier during the later days of the Revolution would be complete without mention of Tim Murphy, the "Scout of the Schoharie." In one of the Maryland companies, led by Capt. Gabriel Long, was a frontiersman named David KleTson. or Ellison, who had already proved him self a during fighter and a dead shot In the wars on the Virginia frontier. But he won even greater fame, both In fact and In fiction, as the boon com panion of Tim Murphy, The other Maryland com pany was commanded by a man of tragic history. Cnpt. Michael Cresap, a name famlflar to every school boy who has ever recited that which ends. "Who Is there to mourn for Logan? Not one!" History has long since absolved Cresap from the guilt of the murder of Logan's family, but so lonjc as this famous bit of Indian oratory is preserved, the chiefs mistaken accusation will cast a shadow upon the fame of a gallant rifleman who died be fore be had a chance to distinguish himself in (he war for Independence. Such were the outstanding figures in this group of stalwarts whom Washington welcomed into his army. For It was such stark hunters and bush fighters as these that he had led ten years before in the fateful Braddock expedition and It was through their cool daring and stubborn fightln? qualities that he had been able to save a remnant of the British army from slaughter. Take a look at Murphy, Elerson and their mates as they swagger along the streets of Cambridge (jr&nei&J 'JPcthrs^nd 'JZarrc? / under the suspicious eyes of the Yankees who re gard these restless, unruly backwoodsmen as only a little more civilized than the savages with whom they so often fought. They are dressed In flannel shirts, cloth or buckskin breeches, buckskin leg gings and moccasins. Over these they wear fringed hunting shirts, made for the most part of brown linen, some of buckskin and a few of linsey woolsey. held in at the waist with a belt in which are carried the tomahawk and the long knife. There, too, hang the powder horn, scraped until it is almost as transparent as glass, and the bul let pouch containing the small lead balls, 40 to GO to the pound. On their heads Hest small round hats or coonskin caps. On these, or spread across the breasts of their hunting shirts, appenrs the legend which Patrick Henry's stirring speech has given them ? "Liberty or Death!" Across their arms are thrown with careless ease the weapon which gives them their name, the long rifles which soon made them the marvel of the Continental army and the terror of the British. Despite all the bosh that has been written about the deadly aim of these old-time sharpshooters ? such as hitting the head of a nail at 100 yards, shooting out a squirrel's eye or placing one bullet on top of another in a target at the same distance ?It is true that the accuracy of these old flint lock rifles In the bunds of such men as Tim Murphy and his kirnl was marvelous. Many a British sol dier learned to bis sorrow that It was not safe to show his head within 200 yards of these "d? d widow and orphan makers," as they called the riflemen, and the statement of a contemporary his torian that "while advancing at a quickstep the riflemen could hit a mark seven inches In diam eter at a distance of 2f>0 yards" does not seem so impossible of belief. At any rate, such wonder ful stories of their feats were carried across the Atlantic that one rifleman, who was taken prisoner during the siege of Boston, was carried to Eng land and exhibited there as a great curiosity. Unruly and undisciplined as the riflemen were, nevertheless they gave a good account of them selves in Innumerable ways during the siege of Boston until the British evacuated that city In March, 1770. In the meantime, three companies ?Morgan's Virginians and Smith's and Hendricks' Pennsylvanlans ? accompanied Arnold and Mont gomery on their Ill-fated expedition to Quebec. Hendricks was killed in the assault and Morgan and nearly all of the riflemen were captured. On January 1, 1770. the new army organization begun and the battalion of Pennsylvania riflemen became the flrst regiment of the Continental army. Under the command of Colonel Hand this regiment dis tinguished Itself particularly in the Battle of Long Island and during the subsequent fighting In New Jersey until "a Hand Rifleman" became almost a title of distinction as did "a Morgan Rifleman" later. In June, 1777, Washington, convinced by his ex periences both in the French and Indian war and In the recent campaign that a corps of sharpshoot ers composed of frontiersmen trained In woods flghtinp might easily be the deciding factor In the war. decided to organize such a corps. The ma terial was at hawl In the rifle companies which huu Joined him at Cambridge and which were now parts of various regiments In the Continental line. Iiy this time Daniel Morgan, through an exchange of prisoners, had returned to the army and he was placed In command of the new "Corps of Ranger*" with Richard Butler of the Ninth Pennsylvania lis lieutenant colonel and Capt. Joseph Morris of New Jersey as major. The captains of the companies were Samuel J. Cabell, Gabriel Long, James Parr, Hawkins Boone (a relative of Daniel Boone), Mat thew Henderson. Van Swearlngen, Captain Knox and Thomas Posey, who later distinguished him self as a brigadier general under Wayne In the In dlun war of 1793. Washington's opinion of the value of such a corps was soon Justified In the way In which they harassed the British army under General Howe as he retreated toward New York, and the riflemen behaved so gallantly as to win special mention from his excellency In a letter to congress in which he spoke of "their conduct and bruvery where they constantly advanced upon an enemy far superior In numbers and well secured behind redoubts.' Then the threat of Burgoyne In the North be came so ominous that Washington decided to send the riflemen to the aid of General Gates. He be lieved that the presence of these during bush fight ers, who knew how to fight the savages In their own way, would put a stop to the outrages of Bur goyne's Indian and Canadian allies and restore confidence to the distracted inhabitants of the In vaded region. Again his belief was justified for Morgan began harassing Burgoyne as he had done to Howe. "The terror Inspired by his name among these allies led to a general desertion and, in hav ing Morgan's men, Gates now enjoyed all the ad vantages which the British general had derived at the opening of the campaign from the legion of Canadians and Indians," writes one historian. More than thnt, the riflemen proved their worth In pitched battle, as well as in desultory sniping attacks on the British camp, the only difficulty be ing that they were. If anything, too full of fight. On the bloody field of Freeman's farm their as sault was 1 so impetuous that they soon became widely scattered as they engaged In their charac teristic style of Individual combat, and It was only with the greatest difficulty that Morgan assembled his men again by use of his turkey-bone whistle and led them again into battle as a unit. Then followed the Battle of Stillwater In which" Tiro Murphy had suph a spectacular part. On Oc tober 7 Burgoyne made a desperate attempt to cut through the cordon of American troops. General Frazer, with 500 picked troops, led the advance and was soon hotly engaged with Morgan's men. Seeing the skill with which Frazer was handling his men, Morgan called to him 12 of his best marksmen. "That gallant officer yonder Is Gen eral Frazer," he said. "I admire and respect him, but It is necessary that he die." The sharpshoot ers opened fire but Frazer was untouched. Then Tim Murphy's rtfle spoke and Frazer fell mortally wounded. Frazer had been Burgoyne's most valu able subordinate and his death proved to be the turning point In the Saratoga campaign. Bur goyne's surrender, the decisive event in the Revo lution, followed soon afterwards. It was Murphy, too, who was among the first to reach the side of Benedict Arnold when that Impetuous officer led the attack on the Hessian redoubts at Saratoga where he was wounded and nearly captured. After the Saratoga campaign the riflemen re joined Washington at Whltemarsh. Late In No vember they were ordered to the command of the Marquis de Lafayette and In one of his engage- j ments .with Cornwallis won this praise from the great Frenchman : "I never saw men so merry, bo spirited, so desirous to go on to the enemy what ever force they might have, as this corps." A few days later they again distinguished themselves at the battle of Chestnut Hill by defeating the Brit- I lsh with heavy loss. Major Morris was killed In ' this battle and Captain Posey succeeded him. Then the riflemen settled down with Washing ton for the terrible winter at Valley Forge, al though there was little rest for them. They were constantly engaged fn scouting expeditions and harrying the British foraging parties. At about this time Morgan returned to his home In Virginia to recuperate his health and the command de volved upon Major Posey. He returned the fol lowing spring, however, and led the riflemen to fur ther honors In the Battle of Monmouth. Soon after this battle Morgan gave up the command of his corps which was broken up, the various companies being assigned to different regiments. But the riflemen, as individuals and small units, won even greater distinction In the fighting with the Tories and Indians in the Mohawk valley and In General Sullivan's expedition which broke the power of the Iroquois confederacy. Chief among these were Tim Murphy and Dave Elerson, espe cially Murphy, and such were his many deeds as the "Scout of the Schoharie," taken with his feats at Saratoga, that Tim Murphy has come to be re garded as the typical Morgan rifleman. He settled in New York after the Revolution and Is burled in the cemetery at Mlddleburgh, where a monu ment was erected several years ago to bear wit ness to his fame and the fame of Morgan's rifle men, of which he was so representative. Tijnoihyi^ir^hy ^nuiri^iTt ? & ier>. ' r*t Ii. ' rn j a ! i ? ; marl. - all , a: :? :i. ? He < I girl J bef i r> I I'ii. the ,vt. help ! ".My | riam< j ve ii. i w !i??r?' ' Ti-ny I i In* m< i you :ii i". for Tt'iiy. ?Tli.. ? ? is I.n!> ? I 1h*M 1 ? :? how !" "She she ;s ii*:.' VoU. Sal,'. COIll' i . : curu: r..: ::v. \\ it! i i ? r. "I ! I ii ij COUld ??' ? want- a i'" That is s ii sol t<> "SIm* is She suj s ^ to School ? carry 11 par.. "I l ? when 11 ra.iif! keep (iff it never felt r? a "Id low skates. Th<- s' In front "f house is tin. roller ska'.: - "I hope y mind the war when you #l''t ? but mayhe y like tin and to sleigh suppose. "Well. San' a must stop lng. Not I've got ar. special to d ad then it - r ^ > get back t? ' ' ty ' eiirh again. ! *5-.-' Oe rr "Ah. yes - Ished readin girls where ?' girls where likes tlo'lr "But whet!' children are over !" Easily F.xpl<"nt The two s: ing their wa\ garten scho. I dren will, al-< "? that had bewi spective honn Oladys ? M\ ?? ? week and it < ternoon. Ivy ? How fun: found its way Gladys ? Wlij Its collar, of