— THE — Wallace Enterprise Published Every Thursday By THE WELLS - OSWALD PUBLISHING CO. Wallace, N. C. W. G. WELLS.Editor H. L. OSWALD. Supt. Subscription Price $1.0* Pec Ye»r In Advance Sntered »» Second Class Matter Jan nary 19, 1923, at the Postoffice at Wallace, North Carolina, under the Act of March 3, 187^, Thursday, June 13, 1935 The gardener who has a neighbor who has no chickens is lucky. Nature is strange—last year it was drought and this year it’s a flood. With all our talk about jus tice the law is an expensive process to the poor. Almost anybody, who wants anything can tell you why it is the thing to do. It’s a wise citizen who un derstands half as much as the man on the street corner. The depression is over when men hunt you up to repay the money you loaned in 1929. Shipments of gold continue into this country which “ruin ed” its currency two years ago. BUSINESS GAINS Signs over the country gen erally indicate that business is making substantial gains. In fact, the upward swing has gained sufficient momentum that already some of the far seeing leaders are discussing measures to prevent prices and speculation getting back to the 1929 level during the coming years. In Atlanta the Journal points out the increased building per mits, “which rose from a value of less than seventy-five thou sand dollars in January, 1933, to one hundred and eighty-sev er? thousand dollars in March, 1935, and to two hundred and fifty-four thousand in April.” Similar reports come from other sections of the country. PENSIONS FOR CON FEDERATES The suggestion that the Fed eral government pension the few remaining Confederate veterans is made by no less a person that Alfred E. Stocy, National Commander of the G. A. R. In several recent statements he has suggested that this would be the best way to wipe out the last ves tige of enmity because of the war between the States. This shows how the world moves. Foes that fought against each other, in settling by arms a great issue in this country, seem to have become in truth, common citizens of a common nation. The lesson set by the peo ple of the United States in erasing as far as possible the bitterness of a great struggle ought to be copied by some of the nations of Europe, where past hates and bitter wrongs are kept alive to nourish the war spirit. It is not the way to peace, and can never be. THE CONSTITUTION The people of this County have been interested in recent discussion of the Supreme Court’s decision in regard to the NRA and have been hear ing suggestions that the Con stitution be amended in order to give to the Federal govern ment undisputed power to deal with social and economic ques tions. inasmuch as the issue will no doubt be directly before us in the course of the next few years it might be well to un derstand a few things about the Constitution, the Courts and the government. The right to amend the document of our liberty is as valuable as the instrument itself anfl no found er of our government ever in tended to deny to the people that privilege. It is the function of the Su preme Court to interpret the Constitution and apply it in relation to new laws. That this was done in the NRA case cannot be doubted, nor does any person have the right to assail the judges because of their interpretation of inter state commerce. ? It is, none the less, the right of the President, or of any po litical group in this country, to propose amendments to the Constitution, and no one has any particular ground for cri tism when such amendments are proposed. The sancity of the Constitution is acknowledg ed when change is proposed through constitutionally pro vided methods. It is, lastly ,the right of the people of the United States, amend, abolish or alter their acting as provided by law, to Constitution. Whenever the re quired number of citizens of this republic believes that their welfare would be better safe guarded by such changes it is their right to act and no one should criticise or attempt to abridge that right which is of vital importance. The Consti tution is a great document of liberty only so long as it serves human needs and whenever it fails to do so reform is imper ative. In this discussion we take no' position in regard to the com ing battle "over widening the powers of the Federal govern ment. Those who believe in the Constitution will be divid-. ed on the two sides of the de bate; those who are against the Constitution will be advo cating something besides a constitutional amendment. j AN ATTEMPT TO ALLEVI ATE THE EVILS OF FARM TENANCY By GUY A. CARDWELL, Agricultural & Industrial Agent, A. C. L. Railroad Co. Several weeks ago I issued an article calling attention to the Bankhead bill, S. 1800, to create the Farm Homes Cor poration, to promote more se cure occupancy of farms and farm homes, and to correct thej economic instability resulting from some present forms of farm tenancy. For the infor-| nation of my readers I am now calling attention to the' purpose of the Bankhead-Jones; bill which is a revision of S.1 1800, and contains the essen^ tial provisions of this bill. Several bills have been in-! troduced in the present session of Congress aimed at alleviat^ ing the evils of American farm tenancy. Some of these meas-1 ures propose to attack the. problem simply by making pos-! sible loans to tenant farmers on liberal terms at low inter est. However, Senator Bank head from Alabama and Rep resentative Marvin Jones from Texas have cooperated in drafting a measure which makes it possible to promote the ownership of family-sized, owner-operated farms in a dif ferent manner. The Bankhead Jones bill (S. 2367 and H. R. 7018) is a revision of S. 1800, and contains the essential pro visions of this bill, formerly in troduced by Senator Bankhead. The new bill says that: “The powers conferred in this Act shall be exercised with a view to checking the increase of ten ancy in the United States, and dealing in an adequate way with the problem of farm ten ancy in the United States, and aiding in rural rehabilitation, and encouraging the ownership of farm homes.” “These powers would be car ried out by the Farmers’ Home Corporation, a government owned and controlled institu tion, which is provided fbr in the bill. The management of this corporation the President and confirmed by the Senate, and two ex-officio members, who are to be the Secretary of Agriculture and the Governor of the Farm Administration. The act provides that the cor poration shall have a capital stock of $50,000,000 to be sub scribed by the President from an appropriation provided for in the Emergency Relief Act of 1935, and is authorized to issue Government-guaranteed bonds in an amount not to ex ceed one billion dollars. The Corporation would have power to make loans to farm ers for establishing farm homes, together with the ne cessary buildings, equipment, livestock, and machinery. It might also purchase land for resale to tenant farmers on a long time repayment plan at interest rates which “shall be no less than the rate of inter est which the bonds to be is sued by the corporation. .. may bear, and may include a rea sonable charge to be applied toward the expenses of admin istering the provisions of this act, not to exceed 1 percent per annum.” The Act might be ad ministered ao that no down payment i3 required by a qual ified tenant in the purchase of the farm for his use. In many instances it would be possible to require annual payments from the beneficiaries of the ! corporation no greater than are now customarily paid as an annual rental. I The amortization period over which the payments would be made to the Farmers’ Home Corporation by the tenant-pur chaser, would not exceed 60 years, and might be for any shorter period. The bill de clares that “Preference shall be given applicants who are married or who have depend ent families, have good moral character, and are experienced in farming and familiar with farm operations, or who are or recently were farmers, farm tenants, share-croppers, o r farm laborers.” The contem plated program does not in volve any great extension of cultivated land area of the United States, because the bill specially provides that “the board and the corporation shall , . . as far as practicable, as sist beneficiaries of the pro gram to become established up in lands new in cultivation.” If the bill is enacted into law, the type of program put into operation will depend largely upon the administra tion of the board of director's Ihe bill permits a regional Held organization with local subsidiary offices similar to the National Farm Loan and Pro luction Credit Associations of the Farm Credit Adnxinistra :ion, through which tenant farmers could be aided and di •ected in becoming owners. IVith the corporation purchas ing land and reselling it to tenant purchasers on a long time repayment plan, and then aiding and directing the pur chasers in their farming prac tices so as to enable them to meet their payments, the pur chasers could have all the se curity, opportunity, and in centive of owners while ac cumulating equities in their homes and farms. It would be possible, under the provisions of the bill, for the corporation to retain title to their land un til the last payment had been made by the tenant-purchaser, thus preventing the purchaser from being “shorn” by selfish creditors and land speculat ors.” •' t ■■_> W ashingtonNews For U. S. Farmers Farm Program Safe Cattle Prices Rise AAA Wins in Test Meets Court’s Opinion Electricity Coming New Credit Available There is no chance of any Court decision affecting the ag ricultural policies of the gov ernment until next fall, since the Supreme Court has ad journed until that tim — *» *w» -— 4«* 1° **> —*?*** go *° **®5 --,*