CARTERET COUNTY NEWS-TIMES
Cartsrwt Cl^rj
EDITORIALS FRIDAY, MAY 21, 1954
No Need for Alarm
While many view the Supreme Court
"bo segregation" decision as disastrous
to the social system of the South, the
whole country is affected and involved
in the changes it may bring.
The decision does not mean that by
Monday white children will go to Negro
schools or that the Chinese children on
the west coast will be moved into the
schools now attended only by white
youngsters. It is the prevailing opinion
that there will be a lengthy delay be
fore there are any major changes in
the system as it now exists.
The situation, nation-wide, at pres
ent is this: 17 states and the District
of Columbia require segregation in the
public schools ; segregation is permitted
in varying degrees in four middle west
ern and western states; segregation is
prohibited in 16 states and in 11 states
there is no specific legislation on the
matter.
North Carolina is one of the 17 states
in which segregation is practiced. Re
gardless how the Supreme Court might
have ruled, our part of the country
would face a major economic problem.
If the court had said separate but equal
facilities for education were permissi
ble, we would have had to go a long
wpy to bring all schools on an equal
basis.
Segregation is expensive. Where one*
large school gymnasium in a town the
size of Beaufort would be adequate,
two ? equally as modern and adequate
? would have to be built under a "sep
arate but equal" ruling. An illustration
of how expensive this effort has been
to supply equal facilities for both races,
is evidenced in that the state in 1960
ranked 43rd in per capita income in the
nation, yet ranged fifth in the nation
in the proportion of personal income
spent for public schools.
Poor though many of the southeast
ern states may be in relation to other
states, they have been willing to bear
the financial burden in order to main
tain a traditional social system.
Harry S. Ash more, in his study, "The
Negro and the Schools," comments that
as long as Negroes in the South have
their own Negro neighborhoods and the
whites theirs, the great majority of
Negro children will attend predomi
nantly Negro schools, and the same with
the whites. It has been that way in non
segregation states in the North for
years. Thus, it has been pointed out
that educational' segregation, even in
other parts of the country, is likely to
continue as long as the races continue
this rigid residential pattern.
Mr. Ashmore aptly comments that
"no problems are beyond solution by
reasonable men." We have faith that
the men and women of the South are
reasonable and are capable of dealing
with the situation in which they now
find themselves. They are capable of
dealing with it with a mature ability
that is devoid of snap judgment, in
cendiary threats, or violence.
The South is wise enough to know
that it is on the way to the best days it
has ever known and no issue, social or
otherwise, should sidetrack our sec
tion of the nation from its prosperous
destiny.
Does the End Justify the Means?
TJie Carteret County Ministers Asso
ciation, in starting a movement which
hag as its ultimate end the removal of
the dog race track, is violating one of
the basic philosophies of America, sepa
ration of church and state.
When our founding fathers came to
this country, they sought to Iras them
selves of the governmental yoke which
dictated in what church they should
worship. Out of the constitutional right
guaranteed to citizens, that they shall
worahip their God as they wish, has
grown the tenet that the affairs of the
church and the affairs of government
are individual and separate.
Action here at home in recent years
shows' that some of us are forgetting
that this religious freedom is a two-way
street. Not only shall the state not in
terfere with religious affairs, but
neither does the church have license to
interfere with state or governmental
affairs.
Religious groups' attempting to bring
about changes of a political nature are
common in our history. But those groups
werfe seldom the instigators of move
ments. They usually got on the band
wagon as additional supporters of a
cause. Jn one momentous period in our
history, the passage of the prohibition
amendment, certain religious groups
were pillars of the movement to outlaw
liquor. The collapse of the effort to
abolish liquor is one of the monuments
to the inadequacy of law in coping with
social practices.
The moment religious groups, espe
cially the clergy, enter the political,
judicial or governmental scene 'they
strip themselves of an immunity with
which they are naturally cloaked as
ministers of the gospel. They put them
selves on the same plane as a political
faction seeking its own ends and sub
ject themselves to praise or criticism
from the public, from the press, or from
opposing factions.
We do not say that the goal which
the ministers are seeking is not a
worthy goal. But the means by which
they are attempting to attain that goal
will in no manner justify the end, what
ever that end may be.
Separation of church and state is not
an empty phrase. The strength of this
country is witness to its depth of mean
ing. Attempts to erase the line of sepa
ration can only result in ill-feeling,
emotional turmoil and a re-evaluation
of the place of the church in the com
munity.
Here's How to Catch Spies
(From the Twin City Sentinel, Winston-Salem)
FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover came
quite close, the other day, to expressing
public disapproval of McCarthyism.
Interviewed on the occasion of the
SOth anniversary of his appointment as
FBI head, Mr. Hoover said, "In recent
years I've noted a tendency toward
loose name-calling in matters which
should be left in the hands of the FBI
to prove or disprove. And this takes in
the Ku Klux Klan, revolutionary move
pients and fascism, as well as com
munism."
Perhaps this rather mild assessment
of current practices arises from Mr.
Hoover's conviction, expressed in the
same interview, that spy-hunting is a
job for professionals. The hysterical
advertising of our hunt for subversives
will be of no help to those police pro
fessionals. Spies are not caught with
public speeches, press conferences and
sensational hearings. They are caught
only through long, painstaking work by
men who know exactly what they are
doing.
Mr. Hoover and his agents know ex
actly what they are doing. It is to them,
and not to headline-hunters, that we
should look for our security.
Carteret County N?ws-Tim?s
WINNER OF NATIONAL "TUTORIAL ASSOCIATION AND N08TH CAROLINA
PRE8S ASSOCIATION AWARDS
A Verier of The SMuiart Nm (KM. 1813) ud The Twin City Tim* (Cat ISM)
Pablfcbod Tueedayi aad Friday! by the Carteret Publlahinj CoMpany, lac
MM AraadeU St, Mareheed City. N. C.
LOCEWOOD PHILLIPS ? PUBLISHER
ELEANORS DEAR PHILLIPS ? ASSOCIATE PUBLISHES
RUTH L PEELING ? EDITOR
la Carteret County aad adjotaiiu counties. 18.00 oa* year, SI JO aix
SLSB one mostk; alaewbere >7.00 one yaar. >4-00 ?i? moatba, $1 JO mm Maath.
Member of AaaodatedProM ? Oraeter Weekiiee ? N. C. Ptom
National Editorial Aaaodatlon ? Audit Baraeu of
Tbe Aaaatlatif Praae la etitlad oadualrely to bm for repcb f
I ta tkla newapapar, aa weU ae aD AP
I City, N. C? Uader Art af
NOT FIAT, BUT
CV-'
This is the Law
By CHARLES W. DANIEL
For the N. C. Bar Association
Justices of the Peace
There are more than 2,000 Jus
tices of the Peace in North Car
olina today. Some are elected by
the people, some are named Dy
Superior Court judges, some are
appointed by the Governor, and
a large number are named in an
? omnibus bill" every two years by
our General Assembly, some of
whom never qualify for off'".
Statutes provide that elected J
p.'s and those appointed by the res
ident Superior Court judge of
county shall serve for two years.
Those appointed by the governor
have four-year terms. Governor
Umstead has adopted a policy of
naming about 250 J. P.'s each year
during his term.
Limited Authority
Jaypees, by statute, have rather
sharply limited authority to try
both civil and criminal cases. In
civil actions baaed on contract they
have EXCLUSIVE, original author
ity il the sum involved (not count
ing interest) is *200 or less. Oth
er civil matters, within their right
to try, are limited to claims of $50
or less. They can NOT hear dis
putes over title to real estate.
By special law, however, they
may try disputes between land
lord and tenant over the right to
possession of real estate. The
amount demanded by a party be
fore a J. P., and NOT the amount
ACTUALLY involved, determines
the magistrate s power to hear the
case.
Justices of the Peace may Uy,
with EXCLUSIVE, original author
ity. ill criminal cases the punish
ment for which does not exceed
$50 fine or 30 days in Jail. They
have no right to hear charges of
assault with intent to kill and as
sault with intent to commit rape,
except to find "probable cause.
Upon finding of probable cause,
such cases are actually tried later
by the Superior Court or a Re
corder's Court. Upon appeal- filed
within 10 days after J. P. trial, the
person appealing in most cases is
entitled to a complete new trial
in a higher court.
May Net Draft Will
A Justice of the Peace may NOT
draft a will or draw a deed for
another, unless he is a lawyer and
does so in the latter capacity. A
non-lawyer who purporta to do
these things is subject tc ' Pr9J*f!j"
tion and restraint under the North
Carolina statute defining the prac
tice of law. ,
Feea payable to Jaypees for is
suing summons, hearing casesand
issuing subpoenas are not the same
in every county. The* fees how
ever, are set out specifkaHy In
Chapter 7, section 134 of the 3en
eral Statutes. Regular mcmtWy
reports of feea receivedanddepos
its made must be made to the clerk
of court of the county served by
th A J statute designed to ?P|>ol?
the dignity ol the magistrates
court gives him authority to pun
ish a person found in contempt
Th"If'*sny person shall profanely
swear or curse In the bearing of a
Justice of the Peace, h?W'n*
the justice may commit him for
contempt, or fine him not ax
caeding five dollara.
At the request of either party to
an action before him, the JuaUce
can compel attendant
nesaes. II a witness falls to ap
pear. he must forfelght sight dol
lars to the person lor whom he waa
summoned. ?
Can "Attach" Prof arty
A Justice can "attach" J**"*
in a proper case, Juat as the clerk
or Judge of Superior Co?rt
so. If an "order of attachment
la issued agalnat the proparty " a
person who can not be found tor
personal service of sumaaoaa, no
tice ef the claim must be poato#
for 30 days at the county court
house door.
The statutes regulating magis
trate courts also provide for trial
by jury upon request of either par
ty where there is a question of fact
to be determined. The statute spe
cifies a six-man jury. The parties
may agree to have the case heard
by a less number of jurors, how
ever. Each justice is required to
keep a jury box of two divisions
with a lock for each containing
the names of qualified persons
from the township in which the
magistrate serves.
No person is compelled to serve
as a juror in a justice's court out of
his own township, except as a tales
man. Each party in a J. P. case
is allowed, as a matter of right, to
challenge two jurors and have
them excused from the trial.
A party demanding a jury trial
must post three dollars with the
justice. It is required that each
juror be paid 25 cents for his ser
vices, but only if the party re
questing the jury trial wins the
case. If the party requesting the
jury loses, the jurors may be out
of luck insofar as their "pay" is
concerned.
Author of the Week
Hellmut Lehmann-Haupt, Berlin
born author of "Art Under a Dic
tatorship," came to this country in
1929 with a Ph.D. earned in study
at the universities of Vienna, Ber
lin and Frankfurt.
His work in the fine arts field
has bam carried on with several
publishing houses, at Smith Col
lege and Columbia and, at present
in the New School. From 1946 to
1948 he was Civil Art Administra
tion officer with AMG in Berlin.
A Rockefeller Foundation grant
helped make his book possible.
F. C. Salisbury
Here and There
The following information is
taken from the files of the More
head City Coaster:
FRIDAY, MAY 21, 1915
Master George Roberts Wallace
suffered a painful injury on the
back of his head Tuesday when he
was struck by an oyster shell which
was thrown by one of his play
mates, Master Charles North Ben
nett.
Miss Hilda Royal passed through
the city Saturday returning to her
home at Smyrna from Athens,
Tenn., where she has been attend
ing school.
Mr. and Mrs. L. T. Kornegay and
little son Alonzo of Hertford ar
rived in the city Friday with Mr.
Kornegay's parents, Mr. and Mrs.
D. O. Kornegay.
Master Gay Hawkins who has
been spending some time in Avoca
with relatives has returned home.
Miss Eva Hardesty left Monday
for Portsmouth, Va., where she
will spend some time with her
brother. Grover Hardesty. after
which she will visit in Wendell and
Raleigh for a few days before re
turning home.
Professor S. W. Carwile left Sun
day for Ridge Springs. S. C.
Mrs. Mary Royal and Mrs. W. A.
Uauser left Tuesday for Wilson to
visit relatives.
G. A. Smith, U. S. Post Office in
spector of Kjnston, is spending a
few days here thla week looking
Today's Birthday
ROBERT MONTGOMERY, born
May 21. ltM in Beacon, N. Y., son
of a rubber company executive.
The famed actor and TV producer
n? gained lur
ther recognition
as special TV
consultant and
advisor to Pres
ident Eisenhow
er. As a movie
star h i s per
I at m a nee in
"N if lit Must
rail" won him
mJAmA nnnnlar
acclaim. During World War II wa?
a PT boat commander decorated
(or bravery I* action. HI* "Robert
Montgomery Present!" |i a regu
lar NBC-TV dramatic feature.
after the location of the new post
office building.
Friends of little Miss Edith
Odom will be glad to know that
she is rapidly improving from a re
cent illness.
Joseph Smith who lives on the
Currier place on Newport River
was in the city Tuesday, coming
here to the hospital for medical
attention to his hand.
George Willis had the misfor
tune Monday of smashing hia finger
with a falling piece of lumber.
Misses Grace Wallace and Velna
Canfield arrived home Wednesday
night from Greensboro where they
have been attending the College
for Women.
L. F. Swain who has been in
Florida some time on business pass
ed through the city Wednesday en
route to his home in Beaufort.
On May 30th the local camp of
the Woodmen of the World will
leave for Hariowe at which place
they will unveil a monument erect
ed to the memory of Sovereign
D. R. Adams, i member of Mar
lowe Camp of that order. The ex
ercises will be in charge sf Atlan
tic Camp No. 188, WOW, of thU
city. The boat will leave the city
dock at 8:30 Sunday morning. The
officers of the Camp are Gumey
P. Hood, Council Commander;
Neal P. Davis. Past Council Com
mander; Dr. K. P. B. Bonner, Ad
visory Lieutenant; Jesse H. Bell,
Banker; C. D. Dodson, Clerk.
? The Morehcad City Hardware
Co., operated by J. W. Willis Jr..
haa moved from its former loca
tion at the foot of 7th street near
the seawall to the Dixon building
next to the Bank of More he ad City.
Resolved ? That Morehead City
ahould have a baseball team, one
that can beat Beaufort once ?
Little Miss Ola May Nelson, the
8-year-old daughter of Mr. and Mrs.
George Nelson, was painfully in
jured Monday when she fell from
a fence striking her back against
? stob which made an ugly wound
and caused the child to suffer
much pain. She waa taken to the
hospital where Dr. W. E. Headen
gave her medical attention.
Mr. and Mrs. George W. Thomp
son of Raleigh, stopping at the
Hotel Charles for several months,
have purehaaed the Beet on proper
ty at the corner of Mh and Evans
strMts. The bouae will be altered
KMd Ifwwi
Raleigh Roundup
HOLDING THE FORT ... I im,
like anyone else would be, flatter
ed that some of my frienda have
contacted me to determine my in
terest, if any, in being endorsed
for appointment to the U. S.
Senate.
Some of them have wanted to go
see the Governor in my behalf. I
uked lhat this not be done. It was
pointed out that having spent three
years on Capitol Hill with, first.
Senator Bailey and then William
B. Umstead, that, theoretically, I
would be able to step in without
too much indoctrination. I agreed
that if I could be helpful to the
Governor or to the Democratic
Party by going to Washington to
help "hold the fort" until the Gov
ernor and the executive committee
had time to decide on the person
to be placed on the Democratic
ticket for the November election,
I would be glad to do so. How
ever, it would be with the under
standing that it would only be un
til someone else could be chosen,
as 1 have no burning desire at this
time to live in Washington.
My family and I have been much
happier these last few years since
we left Washington and we are
satisfied. On the other hand, there
are hundreds of good, able men
ready, willing and eager to go. I
explained this to Governor Um
stead last week. The Governor and
my friends. I am sure, understand
my position in the matter.
SECOND PRIMARY? . . . With
the big biennial voting day in
North Carolina Just around the cor
ner, folks who three weeks ago
showed little interest now open
their street corner conversations
with: "Do you think there is going
to be a second primary?"
By "second primary," they mean
a runoff between Senator Lennon
and his leading opponent, Kerr
Scott of Haw River.
To win without the pain and ex
pense of a second primary. Senator
Lennon must receive at least one
more vote than the combined votes
of the candidates who think they
can do a (letter job of looking after
North Carolina's interests in Wash
ington than can Alton Lennon.
WHO IS HE? . . . When a cam
paign is underway, the question
arises as to "who is so-and-so?"
. . . never heard of him." Well,
those candidates you never heard
of are the bovs who become im
portant in the last laborious
breaths of the race. They bring on
the runoffs ? and become exceed
ingly popular with the two top men
in those short, hurried days be
tween the regular voting and the
final vote. Once in a while you
find a pickle in the barrel, but as
a general thing they are good, sub
stantial citizens - and sometimes
have more on the ball than the
men who are better known. Re
member Sandy Graham in that
hard-fought three-cornered battle
with Clyde R. Hoey and Dr. Ralph
McDonald In 1936? He lost out.
He was the also-ran.
It must be admitted that the
whole thing smelled to high
heaven. McDonald supporters, and
there were one or two of them,
swore Hoey was nominated on a
fluke. But, as it turned out, Clyde
R. Hoey became the most popular
Governor we ever had. Hoey in
time went on to the U. S. Senate,
shouldering Bob ReynoMt out ot
there rather unceremoniouily in
1944.
When our daughter, Olivia Lin
ney was born 12 years ago last
month, one ot the announcements
of her birth went to Clyde R. Hoey.
At thst time, 1042, he waa neither
governor nor senator. Back from
him st his home in Shelby came
this little silver cup engraved to
Olivia Linney Brewer from Clyde
R. Hoey.
My first role as a delegate to a
Democratic National Convention
was on the ttpird term thing in Chi
cago in 1940. 1 rode up with Dr.
Ralph McDonald, rode back with
Clyde R. Hoey. I was considering
running for president of the State
YDC's at that time. Upon my re
turn, I found McDonald friends
calling me a conservative, while
my Hoey friends were pinning on
me the liberal badge. 1 saw fit to
deny neither charge.
Ralph Gardner, nephew of Clyde
R. Hoey, was pledged to me for
the YDC presidency. But in the last
go-around we got McDonald to give
his support to Gardner and he was
elected. Thus n was that from
1936 to lf/40 ? four years ? Hoey
succeeded with his charm in bring
ing to his side most of those who
had opposed him ? including the
man he had beaten for governor.
Fifty per cent of the U. S. Sen
ate, greatest deliberative body on
earth, broke loose from the Wash
ington maelstrom long enough last
Saturday to come to Shelby to pay
homage to Clyde R. Hoey.
With it all. however, he might
have returned to Shelby to stay in
1936 had it not been for one man.
That man? None other than A. H.
Sandy Graham. He was an also
ran in that gubernatorial race of
1936. McDonald had led Hoey pret
ty well in the first primary. But
Graham knew Hoey better than he
did McDonald, who was not a na
tive of this state. He cast his lot
with Clyde R. Hoey.
The folks, of course, raised the
dickens, called Graham this and
that, but he stuck to his course.
All his supporters, save two or
three, became ardent Hoey sup
porters for the runoff. Hoey did
more than any other man in this
century to popularize the office of
Governor of North Carolina. He
went here and there, speaking . . .
speaking . . Off at some barbe
cue, hogkilling, or picnic, you
would hear music, and there
prancing down the street would be
the Lenoir High School Band. And,
just as omnipresent, was Clyde R.
Hoey.
What became of Sandy Graham,
who held enough balance of power
to put in McDonald if he had so
wished? He went back to his law
practice in Hillsboro. When Gregg
Cherry became Governor, he made
Graham chairman of the State
Highway Commission. Kerr Scott
kicked him out ? or he got out
before being kicked out. Governor
Urns lead put him back in.
These also-ran's are sometimes
pretty important fellows. They
may be again come May 29.
Smile a While
The new reporter had covered
his first murder and wrote his con
cluding paragraph as follows: "For
tunately for the deceased, he had
deposited all of his money in the
bank the day before. He lost prac
tically nothing but his life.'"
WORKING ON THE RAILROAD
and made quite modern. Mr.
Thompson was engaged in the
banking and cotton mills but owing
to ill health waa obliged to retire.
To further promote the pursuit of
health Mr. Thompson is having a
natty little yacht built at the plant
of John F Bell and Co. It will be
named "Katherine."
Historical Sketch of The Coaster
by W. L. Arendell: "B. F. McCul
len of Klnston launched The
Coaster 16 years ago and ably edit
ed it till his death but on account
of a weakness, though a great
many strong men have them, left
his wife and child with nothing but
The Coaster and no funds to run it
"A Mr. Allen then took the paper
and ran It until there was nothing
to run. Mrs. McCullen asked the
writer to edit It which he consent
ed to do without reward or hope
of reward and he did It, making
many enemies and many friends.
The building occupied to publish
the venturesome little paper was
burned but thanks to the energy
of a northern man, who waa edit
ing tile Beaufort paper, The
Coaster was started again on the
strong ki of life, H. H. Hamlin
by ninw who is now a citizen of
Florida and from accounts doing
well financially. He (Old before
leaving to a syndicate, Chas. S.
Wallace. J. B 'Morton and G. D.
Canfield and they resold to T. G.
Sawkins. a strong but erratic man.
"After the death of Mr. Sawkins
The Coaater fell Into the hands of
its present editor and owner.
Robert T. Wade, a young man who
was born and raised up in our
hustling little town. After all its
trials and fight for life, may the
preaent owner increase its circula
tion and make it a paper not only
beloved by its readers everywhere
but a financial success beyond his
highest dreams. To help him real
ise his visions our people must sup
port the paper not orfy by reading
its columns but by advertising in
K, buying our printed matter from
him when In need of it
"If you see anything wrong in
his work tall him; if anything good
tell your neighbors and friends. -
Encourage him. lift up Ms hands
and we will always be proud of Mt
only The Coastar but o< Its editor."