Newspapers / Carteret County News-Times (Morehead … / Oct. 11, 1955, edition 3 / Page 30
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I Institute of Fisheries Research (Continued from Page 1, Section 7) dent Graham further considered : ; jthe matter and at a meeting in 'August 1945, Dr. Coker reports ? M "There was unanimous agreement j !,that there should be an Institute of Fisheries Research snd that it j; should be associsted with the Uni [ versity in Chapel Hill. It was i 'agreed with equal unanimity that we ought to have as a foundation [j | 'art up-to-date survey of the state's marine fisheries and the resources j, on which they are based." I, Dr. Harden F. Taylor, noted ma rine scientist, conducted the sur ?! p'vey. This was preceded, of course, jl'jl by exhausting efforts to obtain the jj|< necessary funds. The university of jjfj; ficials requested the cooperation Ik' of the Department of Conserva tion and Development and the de i. partment responded by donating ? buildings at the section base near !}:|i Morehead City as headquarters for ! the survey and the institute. When the Knapp Foundation Inc., of New .'Lji York, later offered $130,000 for p! establishment of the institute, the |i state (through the efforts of Roy ' yampton and other members of the Board of Conservation and De ; velopment, as well as Dr. Coker) j;!l, provided matching funds. ! Dr. Coker was its first director, but he resigned Aug. 1, 1948, to , become chairman of the executive I i i ' i committee. He was succeeded by |y Mr. Ellison. The present chairman I of the executive committee is Dr. ij Donald P. Costello. head of the de partment of zoology, University of North Carolina. !l? The institute has concerned it self with solving the practical prob (':( lems of the fisherman, working; closely with the Department of i Ijii; Conservation and Development so1 jl!' that fisheries regulations and laws I could be based on wisdom instead of whim. This involves, of course, j'i' scientific research which has ad ? ded to the general knowledge of marine biology and has uncovered jj;'- information applicable specifically to the marine life of North Caro lina waters. In 1948 the institute undertook j,|. a study of the commercial shrimp j j; >ng grounds on the continental ! ? slope of the North Carolina coast, fj The slope was charted, depth of j '' water and hazards to fishing !},? marked and through this work a ' ; new fishery in the Southport area was opened. Study Made | ? Carter Broad, shrimp specialist on the institute's staff, conducted a study of the shrimp population ?ji in Pamlico Sound and through that work the nocturnal habits of [;! the brown spotted shrimp were dis ^ covered. When It was shown that these shrimp could be taken b? trawl at night only, the Department of Con , servation and Development lifted it* restrictions against night trawl ;? tag. iijlj It has been estimated that the opening of this fishery amounted , to aproximately two million dol lars to the shrimping industry )". over the four-year period from ! 1950 to 1954. From 1952 to 1954 intensive study of the life history of the ijl!' brown-spotted shrimp was under l,.J taken. This was another interloek ; ing phase of the institute's pur pose, to obtain basic facts through pure scientific research as well as to deal with immediate, pressing ? ? lo Ufa! wim immei !;j practical problems, j;* Dr. Coker, in a report before the advisory council of the insti tute in 1949, said, "As long as we have state support there will al ways be the demand, and a proper demand, for getting right down to practical problems. There will be the insistence that we solve the problem of the shrimp, the oyster, the menhaden, the croaker, and other fishes. "I can say, however, with the strongest conviction, that no one is going to solve the shrimp prob lem, or the oyster problem, or the croaker problem, until we know more about the basic physical, chemical and hydrographic condi tions which Inevitably play so great a part in the migrations, the reproductions and the cycles of abundance of these resources. "We are short-sighted, indeed, U we do not always maintain a proper balance between studies of conditions in the seas and the sounds. In the long run. studies of the latter sort are highly prac tical " II! ' ; uyster KensDiiiiauon t Oyster producing bottoms of the " state hive been surveyed since IBM, shells and seed oysters have been planted, oysters transplanted and a vast 'amount of knowledge on the state's oyster industry com | piled. The studies were conducted [i by Dr. Chestnut, who served as the institute's shellfish specialist. Hydrographic studies of the stale's sounds, tributary waters nj. and the ocean were undertaken by |j the Institute which obtained the KjL cooperation in this project, of the 18r Woods Hole Oceanographic Insti tute and the Fish and Wildlife Service. Brief biographies of the insti tute's personnel follow: . Dr. A. K. Chestnut Born in .Stoughton, Mass., and | educated there in the public Dr. Chestnut received his bachelor's degree in biology from ; the College of William and Mary 1 In ltHl Then he enrolled at Rut I University where he obtained and doctor's degrees in la IMS and 1940 Be was employed as biologist I tor the Cheaapeake Corporation of In their oyster project ha eummars of 1M1 and 1942. From 1943 to 1948 he was research associate in oyster cul ture and in charge of the Oyster Research Laboratory of Rutgers University. He came to the Insti tute of Fisheries Research in June ! 1948 as specialist in oyster culture j and in 1049 was raised to the rank of associate professor in the Uni versity of North Carolina. A member of numerous honorary and professianal societies, Dr. | Chestnut also served as secretary- j treasurer of the Atlantic Estuarine Research Society (1952-53), and president of the National Shell lisheries Association (1958-55). At present he is a member of , the Morehead City School Board j and prcsid nt of the Morehead j City Rotary Club. Dr. Chestnut's wife, the former Janet Hamilton Wood of Roanoke, Va.. is also a graduate of William and Mary College. They have three sons, Alfred, John and Robert. Dr. William E. Fahy Newly-appointed as finfish in vestigator for the Institute of Fish eries Research, Dr. William E. Fahy was a research assistant in mollusc investigations from 1951 Dr. Fahy to 1955 and is now assistant pro fessor on the institute staff. In his new capacity, Dr. Fahy has also been named coordinator for the North Carolina Striped Bass Study, a proposed three-year cooperative fishery biology re- ; search program with the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the ! North Carolina Department of Con- j servation and Development, North I Carolina State College and the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission. Though he has worked with mol luscs since coming to the institute, Dr. Fahy's new appointment places him in the field of his choice and special training. Dr. Fahy was a commercial fisherman on the Great Lakes in the summers of 1939 and 1940. At that time he was attend ing Cornell University. After an interruption for ser vice in the Army Air Corps, he graduated in 1946 During his gra duate training at the University of Rochester, he conducted biological field surveys for the New York State Conservation Department, and served as research assistant an instructor at the university. He received his doctorate in zoology in 1951 and holds membership in several scientific societies. Dr. Fahy's wife is the former Katherine L. Mcintosh of Roches ter. They have two sons, William and Michael. Hugh J. Porter Born in Bowling Green, Ohio, Hugh J. Porter spent most of his childhood in Millfersville, Pa., where his father is head of the music department at Millersville State Teachers College. Mr. Porter received his bache lor's degree at Millecsville State Teachers College and later did graduate study at Pennsylvania State University. He taught mathe matics and science in the public schools of Maryland until drafted into the Army. He served in Korea as a mem ber of the Second Infantry Divi sion Band. After being discharged, he again went to graduate school, this time at the University of Del aware where he majored in marine biology. During that time, he was recipient of a Dam^n Runyon Can cer Fund Fellowship and was em Mr. Porter ployed as a research assistant in Delaware's Marine Laboratory, both on the Newark campus and at Lewes, Del. Since March of this year, Mr. Porter has been assisting Dr. Chestnut in the mollusc research program at the institute. Mr. Porter's wife is the former Dorothy Jane Pinkerton of Man heim, Pa. She is a member of the faculty at Newport public school this year. Dr. A. R. Williams A native of the midwest, Dr. Williams joined the Institute of Fisheries Research staff in 1951. He served as shrimp investigator for one year, after which he was raised to the rank of assistant pro fessor. During that time he was in charge of shrimp research, and in the summer of 1955 he was ap pointed acting director of the in stitute. Dr. Williams received his bache lor's degree from McPherson Col lege, Mcpherson, Kan., (1943) and did his graduate studies at the University of Wisconsin and the University of Kansas where he took the doctorate in zoology in 1951. From 1944 46, he was a science teacher in Kansas public schools. During his graduate training, Dr. Williams was a University Fel low, a teaching assistant and an Dr. Williams acting instructor. He is a member of several honorary and profes sional societies. Dr. Williams left the institute in S#>tembcr to assume new duties in the University of Illinois at Chicago. His wife, the former Jean McNichol, also attended McPher son College and did graduate work in the School of Sacred Music at Union Theological Seminary, New York City. For the past two years she was director of the First Methodist Church choir, Morehead City. They have one son, David. John G. Wegener An experienced sailor John G. Wegener, boat captain at the in stitute, was born in Lehe, Ger many Before he was a grown man, he had already spent seven years at a fisherman in the North Sea, and around Iceland and Green land. At the end of that time he came to the United States and spent the next 20 years fishing out of Glou cester and Boston, chiefly as skip per and mate. During this time, he attended navigation school in Bos ton and New York. During World War II, Captain Mr. Wihmi works m a art Fishermen Rely On Net Products Of Beaufort Firm Midyett* Sells Fishing Gear; Standard Also Mak*s Sports Nets Standard Net Co. of Beaufort, in business for only seven years, has proven .its worth to the fish erman of North Carolina many times over. Before Standard opened its of fices in the Royal Building in Morehe.id City in 1948, the fisher men had to place orders for many of their equipment needs with sales representatives of the var ious thread companies. There be ing no stock rooms in the area, the orders were relayed a con siderable distance to be filled, with resulting delays ranging from days to weeks. Today the commercial fisherman can go to the sales rooms of the well-equipped plant, now located on the Lennoxville Road in Beau fort, and get his order filled in the time it takes a clerk to bring it from the stock room to him. Stock Space Tripled The firm, with its subsidiary, the Midyette Net and Twine Co. has tripled its stock space in the seven years it has been open for business. It moved iii 1952 into a spacious well-lighted plant ac quired from George Eastman, Beaufort, who had used it as a furniture warehouse. The plant has fifteen thousand square feet of floor space. inc Miayeue nrm caiers exclu sively to the commercial fishing industry, selling cordage, seine twine, maitrc cord, corks, net leads, cotton rope, nianila rope, floats, and rings. The company also supplies the newer synthetic twines, including nylon, dacron, and polyethylene, which are proving popular in mak ing and mending nets. The synthe tics are highly durable, needing no chemical preservatives, and possessing unusual strength. Standard produces all types of nets, commercial and sports, and employs about 100 people in the plant itself. All net is custom made except fish nets. Additional workers, ranging in number from 35 to as high as 400, are women from the eastern end of Carteret County, who knit nets in their homes. Material is sup plied by the firm and a company [representative picks up the fin ished product for delivery to the [jUant. Jesse Goodwin of Cedar Is land is in charge of this operation. Lures, hooks and other gear needed on sports fishing boats are carried by the Beaufort firm. Although the importance and continuing growth of the fishing industry influenced the decision to locate Standard Net in Carteret County, fishing is by no means the mainstay of the Jjfm. The needs of the industry account for only about one-fourth of the firm's gross. For Other Industries Industrial nets make up the largest portion of the firm's pro duction, with orders being shipped all over the nation and to various foreign countries. The firm is the agent for Colum bian Rope, Chance Earth Anchors, Chicago Hardware, Malin Steel, Art Metal Stamping, Wire Rope, Plymouth Rope, Linen Thread, and the B. F. Huntington Co. Officers of the Standard Net Manufacturing Co. and Midyette . Net and Twine Co. are Walter Lasker, president; Mrs. Walter Lasker, secretary: and Preston Midyette Jr., treasurer. Mr. Mid yette also serves as plant manager in charge of production. Quick, friendly service . and de pendable products, an , unbeatable combination, have won for the Beaufort firm the confidence of the fishing industry which it serves so well. John served three years in the armed forces and in that time saw active duty in North Africa and Italy. As well as a Master Mariner, Mr. Wegener is a master crafts man in the making of nets and other types of gear In addition to constructing standard gear, he has made a number of experimental nets for other laboratories as well as the institute. .Mr. Wegener's wife is the for mer Iva Owcnby of Hcndcrson ville, N. C. Three Assistants In addition to the regular re search staff, the institute employed this summer three students as tem porary research assistants. They were J. M. DuBosc. student at the University of North Carolina, R. J. Miller, student at Cornell Uni versity and B. L. Moore, student at North Carolina State Mr. DuBosc and Mr. Moore were assistants in the molluae in vestigations and Mr. Miller was an assistant in the fish investigations. The permanent secretary. Mrs. Robbie Daniels, was temporarily replaced this summer by Miss Nona Blanchard. The buildings'and grounds are attended by Harry Wlilis of Msrshallber*. Mr. Willis has bein with the institute since 1948. In 1032 over 12,000,000 pounds of ahrimp were canned at a value <4 about $13,000,000. JIM*'" " - . i Ar. A. W. Daniels, Charlotte, Directs Advisory Board Heading the newly-created Norths Carolina Fisheries Advisory Board I is A. Winfield Daniels of Charlotte. | At 'first thought, one wonders why a resident of a major city in j the western part of the state should be chosen to head a committee dealing with a coastal industry. But things come into focus upon closer investigation: Mr. Daniels was born on Cedar Island and now heads a large fish wholesale busi ness in Charlotte. Cedar Island is located at the eastern end of Carteret County, its shores lapped by both Core and Pamlico Sounds. On it are two communities, Roe and Lola. The men of these communities earn their living by fishing and it is among these people that Mr. Daniels was reared. His first fishing experience was in sailboat and skiff. His father and grandfather before him had been fishermen and even as Win field was growing up, the fishing industry had some years to go be fore power entered the picture and took a tremendous load off the muscles of the fisherman. When Winfield was a lad, in the early l&OO's, fish caught by Cedar Islanders went by boat to market ? to Morehead City, New Bern and Washington, N. C. Trucking was out of the question. The only "roads" were the waterways. Attended St. Paul's Becausc his family knew educa tion was as important as hauling a net. Winfield was sent to St. Paul's School in Beaufort. After he fin ished high school, he went to the University of North Carolina until the outbreak of the first World War. He then served as a commis sioned officer in the Navy and later in \ the Merchant Marine. Deciding to leave the life of a mariner, Mr. Daniels went to Char lotte in 1928 and there, by himself, he started to sell fish. That was the beginning of the Charlotte Fish and Oyster Co. which is today one of the lea-cling inland wholesale dis tributors of fish in soutlieastern United States. Aware of Mr. Daniels' back ground, the director of the Board of Conservation and Development. Ben Douglas, knew that he would be the ideal man to head the fish eries advisory board created by the 1955 general assembly. Named by Governor Mr. Daniels and six dRter men closcly allied with the fishing in dustry, were formally named to the board by Gov. Luther Hodges in July. They are George Wise, Stumpy Point; Monroe Gaskill, Cedar Island; Kenneth Meadows, Swans boro; Lewis Hardee, Southport; Dick O'Neal, New Holland, and Bill Mason. Oriental. The first meeting took place in July at Morehead City. Mr. Hardee was elected assistant chairman and Mr. O'Neal secretary. Mr. Daniels, as the member-at-large, automati cally became chairman upon ap pointment, as provided by law. The duties of the fisheries ad visory board are to supply informa tion and make recommehdations to the commercial fisheries committee of the Board of Conservation and Development. , c...l _ u i ..... .j..:. ouitii a uuttiu was utTuicu ouvis able because, in the past, many members of the C&D commercial fisheries , committee knew little about the fishing industry. As ri diculous as that may sound, it was true and was an unfortunate cir cumstance which emerged without premeditated malice, yet beleaguer ed a state organization which other wise was capably dealing with con servation problems. To correct the situation, the fish eries advisory board was proposed and was brought into being through a bill introduced by T. J. Collier of Pamlico County (see story. page 4, section 7). The bill directs that "the Board shall meet at the call of the Com mercial Fisheries Committee of the Board of Conservation and De velopment but shall meet at least once annually immediately preced ing the July meeting of the Board of Conservation and Development." The law also says that members of the board shall represent every fishing area of the state and, where nossible. every income group of th? industry. The fishing areas have been defined as the South port area. New River Inlet, More head City area, Pamlico, Hatteraa and Albemarle areas. The hill requires further that "all members of the committee, are to have a personal knowledge of the commercial fishing industry and an interest in it* welfare and development The members so ap pointed shall represent, as well as is practicable and possible, all in come levels, and all phaaes of the commercial fishing industry." The members serve staggered terms, thus assuring the fishing in dustry that there will always be an experienced majority on the board. The advisory board look an ac tive part In July In amending the fisheries regulation (No. 2-154) which limits the amount of amall edible fish that can be sold to de hydrating plants. The existence of this new board is considered by men In the flah ing industry as a step toward im provement in government adminis tration of fisheries. >? ? Gray Designs Engine That Fisherman Likes The Gray Marine Motor Co. di vision of Continental Motors Corp. lists a total of four diesel engines, and also a wide range of gaspline engines in nine basic sizes. These are marine engines built to answer marine power problems. For maximum economy and best idling Gray offers the Lugger Se ries of engines with low compres sion and "hot manifold " These operate at top speeds of 1800-2400 rpm, and are recommended for heavy-duty work. For applications where higher output is wanted, Gray offers the Express Series (3000-3200 rpm) with higher com pression and colder manifold. Gray also builds high-speed engines for pleasure boats. Of particular interest to fishing boat owners is the Gray Diesel Six D427, weighing only 1,475 lb. in cluding reduction gear. This has a continuous output rating of 100 hp at 2200 rpm, fresh water cool ing, and a new single plunger Bosch ihjection pump which re quires no checking of lubricating oil level and no periodic refilling, because, it is connected on the en gine's oil pressure system for con tinuous flow. All Gray diesels are four-cycle type, for fewer parts and simpler maintenance, and all are equipped ' From a one-man beginning, the Charlotte Fish and Oyster Co. has grown to an organization which to day has a hundred employees. The founder, A. W. Daniels, continues as owner and manager. A fleet of 10 trucks stream out from the Charlotte plant to cover western North and South Carolina. To inland cities in those areas, the trucks are welcome sights, bring ing the fresh, lucious . seafood so alien to the upland country. Seven salesmen for the firm pave the way for deliveries, and the en terprise shown by the founder is reflected in today's operations ? for the company, in size, stands up with the largest of its type in the southeast. The Charlotte Fish and Oyster Co. pioneered the selling of dressed fish in this state and was also the first to distribute frozen fillets. The plant's two million pound freezer turns out fillets in 12-ounce and 1-pound consumer packages and in 5 and 10-pound institutional packs. Although freezing is a major op eration, the company also sells fish fresh dressed, in the round and in the rough (just as they come from the sea). To keep the tremendous plant in operation, Mr. Daniels has to go beyond the resources of this area for his product ? thus imports come from Iceland, Denmark and Canada. He is vitally interested in the conservation of edible fish in the North Carolina coastal and inland waters and as head of the state's Fisheries Advisory Board hopes to take steps that in the future will assure North Carolina of adequate supplies of marketable fish. Graymarine's SixD4Z7 Diesel, 100 hp continuous duty rating at 2JUXI nun and weighing 1,115 lb. with reduction gear. ? giMfhMn is equipped with a 2:1 hydraulic gear. Fresh water cooling, aysiem is standard equipment on all Gray Diesels. with the Gray fresh water cooling system as standard equipment. The 6-cylinder Gray diesels feature cold weather starting equipment as standard, and the use of alum inum wherever possible to reduce deadweight. The new Gray gasoline engines are the 175 hp Model 175, with dual up-draft carburetors, and a single carburetor companion Model 165. Both are 363 cu. in., with max imum power at 3400 rpm. Their weight is only 1,050 lb. Both have sodium-cooled exhaust valves, sev en main bearings, individual in take porting, 12-volt electrical sys tem as standard, and water-heated intake manifold for even idling at low speeds for long periods. Gray also offers a 200 hp engine, Model 200, which has 427 cu. in. piston displacement for easy load ing on big propellers. It has dual updraft carburetors, while its new companion Model 185, 183 hp at 3,400 rpm, has a single carbure tor. Both have the features listed for Model 165 and 175. Of particular usefulness to work and fish boat owners is the wide range of equipment available for Gray's four and six-cylinder gaso line engines. Gray's fresh water cooling system is available for all models. Separate or integral types of power take-off are available for most models. Gray's patented "Thermogard" automatic temperature control is now standard on many more mo dels. Heavy-duty distributor and waterproof ignition cables, water cooled exhaust elbow, hydraulic reverse gears, 5:1 ratio "Towgear," split and flexible couplings, im proved radio shielding, a power shift attachment for standard man ual-type reverse gear, and many others. I J. R. Brittain Sees That Fish Boats Have Ice Sometimes in one night's time the ice plant operated by Jack Brittain at Engelhard must sup ply shrimpers with as many as 1000 blocks, or 300,000 pounds, of ice. Mr. Brittain is responsible for the "ice" part of Pamlico Ice and Light Co. which he and his bro ther-in-law, P. D. Midgctt, Engel hard, started in 1934. The ice and power operations arc independent of each other now. Mr. Brittain has operated the ice plant since 1946 and Mr. Midgett operates the power company (see story on Mr. Midgett page 7 section 5). The plant, which has a daily capacity of 20 tons, has sometimes bought ice from as far away as Florida during its busiest days. This feverish activity, however, is highly seasonal, lasting for only three or four months during shrimp season. The remainder of the year is, by comparison quiet. Before the plant opened, the closest ice plant was in Belhavcn. Any ice used in Engelhard was trucked in, but most of the fish ermen preferred to take the fish to the ice. The opening of the Engelhard plant by Mr. Midgett and Mr. Brit tain, helped to relieve the plight of the fishermen who at times simply couldn't obtain enough ice to preserve their catch. The original freezing machinery of the plant is still in operation. The diesel engines which origin ally produced power for the ice' plant and for the customers of the Pamlico Ice and Light Co. are still in working order, but are used only as auxiliaries to produce pow er in case of emergency. Mr. Brittain, a native of Suffolk, Va., attended school there before going to work with Standard Oil Co. After working for eight years with that firm, he moved to Engel hard to work for his brother-in law, who was setting up his plant there. A large portion of the plant's ice 15 years ago went to Stumpy Point, which, Mr. Brittain recalls, was the base of operations for 47 boats, as compared to 17 working out of Engelhard at the time. Mr. Brittain has been a whole sale dealer in shrimp, at times in 1938-1939 paying as little as three cents a pound and selling as low as $7 a box, delivered in New York. Present prices frequently range as high as $60 a box. The ice plant has storage facilities for about 300 boxes of shrimp. Mr. Brittain gets along well with both fishermen and dealers. He realizes how important ice is in the industry and feels deeply responsible for producing the pro duct in sufficient quantity when the fishermen need it most Ocean waves as high as 112 feet have l>een officially measured dur ing severe storms at sea. =Ti N E T ; s Made to Order ? SHRIMP TRAWLS ? FISH NETS ? ROPES 4 ? LEADS % ? CORKS WE REPAIR NETS Gaston Smith Net Shop NJU GASTON SMITH, Own.r OAS ? ATLANTIC, N. C. PHONE 566 OR 567
Carteret County News-Times (Morehead City, N.C.)
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Oct. 11, 1955, edition 3
30
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