Newspapers / The Arator (Raleigh, N.C.) / Feb. 1, 1857, edition 1 / Page 16
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CDii TEE ABATOR. The artificial milk rcsctn!jlc3 milk in color, con sistcnce, odcr and even taste. T But in composition it is different j for t only an emulsion produced by tlio fat mixed with the water by mcan3 of gela tine. Although tho .name artificial milk is.not proper, it has some nutritious qualities, . and foe this reason it is now under trial at the hospitals of Paris. OBJECT AND EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION. xne purpose 01 irrexatiou is not oniy momcninfir as many farmers may think but chiefly .manuring by means of irrigation j dam up a little stream, and make a small ditch along the higher part of a piece ot laud, so as to cause the water to overflow j in the i in mediate vicinity of the ditch the grass will grow a great deal longer and faster than at some dis tance from the ditch, where the moistening'part had been executed to the same degro as above, showing that the water had left its manure at the first cdntact, with tho surface of the ground. In laying out the ditches for irrigation make many ditches, instead of a single one. There is no loss even by the greatest number ' of ditches provided they arc put in the right place. The distribution of water, and the different modes of arranging the land for irrigation and drainage, depend on the shape or the surface of tho ground, &c., and require a very fine judgment, and at leazt somcknowl edge of leveling and surveying. The rain water has no manuring effect on the soil j but its great efficacy is its dissolving quality, by which it makes the manure fit for feeding tho vegetables. The water of running streams, led on the land for irri gation, fulfills two important conditions, naiaely that of yielding manure, and is therefore superior to rain water for irrigation. Some have contend ed that rain water contains a little ammonia, and that it therefore po3Scssscs fertilizing properties, but the mo3t refined analysis has failed to prove this. THE CEDARS OF LEBANON. Tho following is an extract from a letter of R. S. Calhoun, missionary, in tho last number of the Jiibliothcca Sacra "The region of tho Cedars-rten hours ride south east from Pripoli is not far from 7000 fret above the level of the sea, and is surrounded on the north, cast, and south by a still higher range of mountains It is open towards the west, and looks down upon a vast mass of rugged mountains, and beyond them to the 'gre.it and wide sea. The scenery is most inajestic raid impressive. Tho soil inWhx h. the cedars grow, is of a lime itonc quality, and so exceedingly rough and stony as to be entirely unfit for the plow. The whole region around is covered deep with suowj usually from early in December to the middle of April. But though the snow, is so abundant .the cold is not so intense, as, for instance, in New England. This region.around the Cedars, is too cold for rain, and honcc almost the entire dischargo from fllj iUUO AO 1U lUU 1VIU1 Jk OiiVf M ill IU UV tUU OtM4U time, as far as I can judge, from the reports of the people inhabiting the nearest village the ice is far less .than- with you, thus indicating a less degree ot cold, ; ; , . , The Cedars arc few in; number. I have been ' counting them to bo about fourhundred. Ourac tual count was three hundred and ninety-three, Many of them are two feet, . a less number three feci and even four and fivefeet in diameter. Sev eral of them are from six te ten feet. One that I measured this morning i$ forty feet in circumfer ence, say two feet above tho ground. A littlcy higher it sends forth five immense branches, each from' three to five feet in diameter, which shoot up almo&t perpendicularly, thus, in reality, constitu ting five trees of great size. Many of the cedars1 aredoubl, and a few even triple and quadruple r that is, from one root apparently there gfrow up i i e p i . a. iwo or more irees, mmea as one lor a icw iectr ikiiu mvii i jj i niitv ui I viviiij y Hill forming independent trunks, straight and beauti ful. As to the age of these trees, I do not know that history says much. In a chip two inches thick I have counted, to day, sixty circles"; which I believe you, who know better about such matters, would" make equal to sixty years. A tree of six feet ill diameter, according to this calculation, would bo nearly 1100 years old. Rut as the chip alluded to indicates a very flourishing growth, and as the yearly increment becomes ltS3 as the tree iucrcaso3 in age and size, it is quite probable that a treo of six feet in diameter may be 2000 years old. At this rate, the giant tree mentioned above has prob ably breasted tern pests of more than 4000 wiuters thus making its origin nearly cotemporary with the flood. Traveler have been in the habit of cut- rinrr tlinip nam 2 on tlresft lar'rr trnns. Ono ibifr I find as far back as H7.', at which time a ap pears, the .circumference of the tree must have been nearly as great as at present.' From such dates as these we must inevitably refer their origin to a remote antiquity.'
The Arator (Raleigh, N.C.)
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Feb. 1, 1857, edition 1
16
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