Newspapers / Shelby Daily Star (Shelby, … / May 25, 1934, edition 1 / Page 8
Part of Shelby Daily Star (Shelby, N.C.) / About this page
This page has errors
The date, title, or page description is wrong
This page has harmful content
This page contains sensitive or offensive material
&&&>. ia* m j&SMMefvit*’®. mm '{wf&r. irtt* i The Mysterious Ions That You Breathe h w HoW Electrical Particles I do Small to Be Seen by Microscopes Act as LMill'i'NlMr is n it tin ■ • 111> Hcc tricul phenomenon of tin- ail. but i' the most familial Jim in all ages have witnessed the passage of elec frit ,-ity through the atmosphere. Each lightning-stroke represents the duns mission of electricity between a cloud anil earth or between two-cloud-. The spread of rOienlitie knowledgi has made all aware that electricity ran pa ■ fhrough the atmosphere hewer perhaps are aware that eleetmil) can and does pass through the atTmispheri when no storm-cloud is near, and even on a cloudless, day. Its passage is un noticed because it is not accompanied by any audible or visible maty testations Vuch as accompany ;v lightning-dis charge. It was not known until recent times that this quiet electrical discharge is taking place through the atmosphere during fair weather as well as during stormy weather, ovei land and over sea on the inountain-tops and in the valleys. This electrical discharge lake- place through tho action of molecules of an tiegulators oj the I Atmosphere. study of tin* |>loblem was undertaken at the t urnegie In itutiuri ol Washington Uy it: liepartment of T<*rrini ,\iug neti.sm. In this investigation conducted by Doctor (< I! Watt, observations an < being made to determine whether'the variation in nurittei of small ions is due to a variation in the rate ut which the iiins are removed or Lo u variation in the into at which they arc formed or to a uinbination of the two variations. The number id' ions in the air is eon ' in unity changing, hut at all times it i very gnat. With each average breath one draw - into one' lungs, from OO.OUO to more than 150,000 of these electrical charge- Knelt minute-an average per son will breathe in OO i.OOo to 50,000.000 tiny hit of charged material, I Vi i % rivvu ivanji uuum u. »» «< v 11 > charged the molecules of air arc com monI,v’ known as the small ions of the atmosphere. The small ions of the atmosphere are formed when certain types of radiation strike molecules of air. The energy of uulialion separates the positive and negative electricity in a neutral mole rule of air, thus /arming a pair of op pnsitely charged small ions. The radia lion come principally from radioactive substances in the -nil and air. although an appreciable portion is contributed h\ the cosmic rays about which so little is known. Small ions are continually being formed in t lie atmosphere. Although a number of investigations have been made by various scientific organization' to determine the charactei of daily and a paptClE ' OR Ray f ROM RADiQAC T iVt MATTER OR i A COSMIC RAY STRESS' AN AlR* moli cote AtR 0 ^UN-'ASlC POSlTiVt SMALL 'ON fvCLOC'Tr 19CM RER UQ ROSITIVC (VELOCITY 000' CM v rp.ct ELECTRON ' • (VtCQCH’v vERY CHEAT) NEGATIVE l arge ion (VELOCITY LESS Tha?4 QffO» CM KP SEC) STA6LF. 'yCCATjvC Small 'On (VCLOCI ’ V 'v cm PL'® c-C.C> A h o v f i ln*trti« flM'Ilt* l M il lO loiinl llif l«n*» in flu- Vir. Left; The Diagram S Hum* II im« Ion* \ r r Formed. I l» r * (annul B«* Sien Kvfn ^ ilh a Ali v r « » ** u p r, Bui Yin*! Hr F\am • tied T h r u ii f k I Ii r i r Klfplpiral Fffen*. Out with a negative charge. .Many of the small ions become "large ions" by combining with ■ larger particles in the air known as ‘'condensation nuclei," so called because water of the atmosphere condenses upon them when its moist ure-content reaches the saturation-point, that i*. when the atmosphere has all the moisture it can readily l-.pld and must pre vent more from accumulat ing:' .Many interesting things might be told of these particles: how they pre vent the air from becom ing extremely wet and un yearly vunaimns m mr nuinwi in snimi ions in the ufflaosphcrrm different local dies, little nr no effort huff been directed toward obtaining an understanding of why the variation takes place, until a unis ju'v constantly ixing ereateo rn the ujr hy various kinds ol' radiation, liudioactivv material in the earth amt in the air acednnts for moist of them. The eosniie rays also produce iiona. ini' rays ol ngni ltihi rcai'ii tne «urui from the sun may also create a few. but this is a relatively unimportant source. Ions may also be formed by forces as yet unknown. They are lenliy the wreck age of molecules of air and are probably formed as follows: Radiation strikes a molecule of air 'air is a mixture of many kinds of mole rules and atoms, but all apparently act alike in this process) and knocks out an electron. The electron goes (tying off. carrying it* negative electrical charge, and the remaining damaged molecule becomes a “small ion/’ with a positive charge. The electron finally ends its free flight by fastening to a neutral molecule, thus giving it a negative charge. It, too. is then a “small ion." ■ c; uiuic, uuvv i inuui . iirm ' «.»1 > could nut occur except <Jurinj< certain unusual anil extreme condition. Oondensation-nuelei. which are sus pected of playing an important part in regulating the number oJ‘ small ions in the atmosphere. come into existence a> product? of combustion, in th< smoke from homes and factories, in discharged gases of gasoline motors, and even in lhe'exhaled air from the lungs. Other sources. of course, are known to exist and there are many no doubt that have not yet been discovered. Whether ions in the air do good or harm is still a debatable question. Some investigators have attributed the invig orating effect of certain climate- to the number ml Ikml of ion* present in the A New Caterpillar Tank How a Cactus Was Formed Into a Freak Face by the Process of Grafting MEET the "Old Man of the Desert.'' He is not a hermit, as you might suppose. He is not even human, but a cactus plant which George Wi Cublentx. an artist and ama tour botanist of Los Angeles, caused to grow in the"form suggesting a human •'nee. Ice plant was grafted on the cactus •<) fep-in the eyebrow’s and hair. Such catures as the eyes, nose and month 'ere imprinted on the plant when it a*us a leaf two years ago. The “old man's" two teeth are false, icing merely pieces of bone set in bi mouth to help him hold his pipe. The targe and protruding ears, however, were supplied by nature. The blemishes that ap pear tu be pock marks the old man’s merely places where p rot live spines grew in lieu of whisk ei's. This la na tut'e's nietlfod of enabling the cactus to protect itself from its enemies. The ciiv’tlis.thrives op the desert where it has held its. men for thousands of \v.urs. U has dispensed with leaves, and in their' place there are innufm ab!> spines or sharp thorns spreading out in every difeetiofi. Some of these are small and so numerous that they have the ap pearanee of a soft fleecy covering any animal that attempts to eat soon discovers that this apparently etnerinjj is an enemy in disguise. The eact'us concentrates all branches or Some '’.inti but hein soh Its compact forms, one tall trunk, others have the appearance of Vegetable mar row s. and all k intis of weird shapes are found. The thick, soft body contains plenty of moisture. IiMliiviri.il | >r» i»| die lank. I. I muni Work. 2. \l rilling Kriilgr*. .1. I '.limbing on Mai < ar. I. Ki main* 1 priglii a I .10 Urgm**. .V Wctdinj; Kail I’ml*. (>. (ironing Truck*. 7. Hoodlight* for \igln Work. 8. Opcraling Power Tool*. 9. Small •S»/r Does \ol Interfere Wtill Trattic. A.nI.W tunK p! the caterpillar type, design^ not for war-time dest fact ion, but fir peace-time rehabilitation is a long, low anti narrow tractor, completely equipped with an electric art- welding apparatus. A gam line engine drives an elect rtf generator which supplies current for the welding operations and for driving the machine from place to place by furnishing power to elect t te motor driven tread chains. The tractor welder is nearly 15 feet long, '<<1 inches wide and lit! inches high. Although il neigh- more than five ton-, this indict rial “tank” if* aihrmst a- ma neuverable us it- wartime counterpart. It easily ambles over raiirouil rails, limb- an eight-foot tamp onto a -tan tim'd railroad flat-car. lights up a steep thirty-degree bank and runs along side -lope as steep a- 45 degrees without upping over. It turns around in a space the -i'/.e of a three-foot circle anti cun extend nearly half it- length beyond the top of a wall or slope without toppling over. Typewriter for the Blind That Writes Dots THK blind at e now enabled to writ*’ by means of a pedal typewriter devised solely for the u.-o of the sightless. This machine which types the Braille system of letters, has only i\ keys and a bar in the renter which is used for spacing. There are only half a ■ toxeti keys be cause the Braille a)i>hal*et is composed entirely of >i,v dots punched in paper in v arying combinations. There are t*B pos sible combi nations of the six dots in an oblong, the vertical side three dot.* and the horizontal two By pressing two or three keys in unison one letter is pro duced oh a sheet of paper. The instrument originally used for writing Ihe Braille letters was a blunt the paper. IHie writing is from *-ikht to left no that, when the paper Is tvirued over the blind reader an feel the prominence? und read from left to right. • The Braille system, which is now in world ' ide use. was invented by Louis Braille who born near Paris i> ISO’.* ami became blii. at three years of age flic Typewriter l)c*i|ii. for the Sightless. It II. i *nl» 'ii» Ke.'» ^ hi* " rite the Dots ill the l>: foreiit Positions of th llraillc Mphabet. tiaoytifltt IM *«*♦.« *- nJ1c*t* »»w \ nil* there. otUHliUa* ui clOMMi joom> na> been blamed uii a shortage of ioiis. .It is claimed that headaches may be cured b\ increasing the number of ions in the air breath'd. However, present iniorma fion is not sufficient to prove or disprove such assertions. In constructing an apparatus to count the ions in the atmosphere, advantage is taken of the fact that a charged bod\ attracts tons charged with electricity of the opposite ign. The charged body in the ion Counting apparatus is in the form II’I.IYG. in hi- poem, "Un the Road tu Mandalay." has made the world familiar with the Uumia girl who waits for the British soldier as lie smoke.- "a whackin' white rh'-root * The women of the Shansistate.- which occupy northern Siam, a portion of east ern Burma ami Yunnan are among tht first smokers of cigarettes. Their favor ite "smoke." however. is not the small, paner-wrapped roll of tobacco .-<> fami lial the vp t of the world, hut 'he he root, r, iiii h is a ort of a greatly ovei sized cigarette. U l, UK SI yt' all in ril.- ami repulsive a.- a creature of carrion the vulture is a pariah to man. except in India. In that Land of magic and m;. stem vulture is tra.-.ter. for it bears a charmed lift.' because it i- eon -idtTed -arred. F!ec;t us ■ of the siranm religious, beliefs of the Parsees. a sect of ti:e-vvor.-jhijaer-- from I’er-ia who se:, led in India centuries ago. five vulture, es in no other part 1 the wo1-Id. ha- been assigned an un u.-ual, but very ijnoortrni part in the disposal of the dead. The l*ar ste : do not believe in burying their dead., as they consider this pollutes the soil. They also do not believe in cremation, as ihc Hindu.- do since they regard tire as .-aered. Therefore, as a substitute ftn there two method.- they like the bodies of their dead to a "tower of .•deuce," a st range -tone structure built- tin i..n ,if •_» b'll Tb.i i \i';ilf :ri a circle fdd end nusre in diameter and about -U feet high It has no rgof and the only entrance is a small door through which a body t.-, borne ani deposited inside the circular wall. The top of the wail is crowded with a line of gruesome \ uitun i oo-aiii" then in a deadly silence. With the arrival of a body, however, the line of carrion birds springs into action. There is a dapping of denuded wing's and at jorie screeching a-, the hideous scaven <er;s swoop down’ into the pit Within a few moments the newly arrived body is educed to a skeleton, the bones being licked clean and left gleMhimg like poi shed ivory The beak of the vulture of India is a capon winch no flesh can resist. Tilt Above: Trains of Small Ion* I,oad* ••«l ^ itb Water Drovlrts. I pper Bight t Alpha l>artii'l,’» of R» ilio-.Artivr Mate rial : Center. \.Ra'» ami l eft. Beta Parlii-lr*. l*oo<#>n foj ♦ ourtes? «/ t<utitutfor> of U't h i g o* u{ a cylinder placed concentrically with in another cylinder and between the two £ current of air i> drawn. Tons with charge of the sign opposite to that on the central cylinder are urawn from the aifstrcani. The central cylinder is connected electrically to a measuring device -called an electrometer which indicates the number of electric charge# coming to the cylinder. or in other words •i inuitau ■ iiuii.wvi ui ivnr The results «>!' uieasuivM-ent- ;nie ■with such apparatus tlui-ing- the past \ear are shown in the form of corse', one set of which is for the warm season and the other for the cold season ot the year. The cut-yes also show the :t am et in which the mmibors of snutil anti iarjre ions vary during the day ami nigh' The change in the number of large ions is generally opposite to tic ohat.ge in number of small ions in both warm and >old seasons. Women Who Smoke Cheroots V t rio of >han W umicii lnio*m* I heit t.i;inl lligaretU’* 'V bile The? Wait for lb* Kettle to Boil for Their Afternoon Tea. The Shan woman is scarcely evei 'without a cheroot. except during hei hours asleep. No matter what she is no uig she is usually puffing away on one of these big cigarettes, ns stir evidently is •>f the opinion that Pel task i* greatly lightened thereby For e\ympiV.- the group oi' Shan women pictured in the accompanying illustration are thorough ly enjoying their big cheroots while they are waiting for the kettle to boil for th o’- afternoon tea. Nodoubt th -ol.-ue all'cyded by their cheroots makes the waiting less tedious Lofore they can in dulge in their favorite beverage. The Vulture, Ugliest of Birds Head iil fVtueftililfcr I • r4 Imllil. SiipHM’JI •»* l.ar \\ hit'll II ll»*» Vinili'cm*?* of a Vf.iflin Rpii'i'n L'olorinjj of the .vulture •• herd i .1 •.-!« U> grayish white. « huv of gna retniWve ness. \u living fii-alim 1.* biliiiml 10 fa• * 11 eye a.-i sharp that of ti;e vulture nr it ran spot a moisel of carrion from a great height and miles away The vulture’s strange pouch-like eai 'hieh hang.- down also -••■m.-j Lo ha'r a etisitivettess unknown to mankind for act.- ajinust like a radio receiver. Ihe Parsees of India are dear ri bed a. very able and intelligent race of people and are specially prosperous in a busi «t»s vray They ai-e very rcligiou- and very liberal with their charities. On a •main day of In vva• they pHt.lu- .at ; he “towers of silence” and hold impred -ive eereinwikv in honor of their dead. r
Shelby Daily Star (Shelby, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
May 25, 1934, edition 1
8
Click "Submit" to request a review of this page. NCDHC staff will check .
0 / 75