PAMLICO COUNTY NEWS
[
Published Weekly On Thursday
TillieM.S. Knowles, Editor-Publisher
OFFICE LOCATED IN BAYBORO, N.C. 28515
MAIL ADDRESS, P.O.BOX'M* New Bern, N.C
Second Class Postage At Bayboro, N.C.
SUBSCRIPTION RATES $3.50 PER YEAR
N.C. Sales Tax Included
NORTH CAROLINA
Farm Tips
From
Wachovia Bank & Trust Co., N.A.
I
By Dr. J. W. Pou
About 600,000 North Carolina-grown Christmas
trees are on the market this year.
Production of the trees on a commercial basis is
a relatively new industry in the state according to
Bill Humphries, agricultural information specialist
at N. C. State University. It started on a small
scale in Avery County about 15 years ago and has
grown rather rapidly.
“We’re headed toward an annual harvest of one
million trees in the next few years,” said William
T. Huxster, forestry section leader for the North
Carolina Agricultural Extension Service. Their re
tail sales value, he added, will exceed $10 million.
About 35 million Yule trees are sold annually in
the United States.
Tar Heel growers have several advantages in
competing for the Christmas tree market, the
North Carolina State University extension spe
cialist said.
The Fraser fir and the white pine are the two
types most widely grown in the state. No state
south of here can grow the Fraser fir and only
South Carolina can produce the white pine.
“We also have a competitive advantage in freight
costs as compared with such areas as Michigan and
Canada,” Huxster said.
North Carolina trees are transported by truck,
and about 60 percent are shipped to Baltimore,
Miami, New Orleans and several large cities in
Texas.
Trees for the Miami market are hauled in refrig
erated trucks and many dealers sell direct from
truck to customer so they can deliver a fresh, qual
ity product.
The state’s Christmas tree plantations are con
centrated in mountain counties, but there is a sig
nificant acreage in the Piedmont. Also, there are
some successful plantings in the upper Coastal
Plain.
About 600 growers in the state have combined
plantings of more than 6,000 acres.
White pine seedlings are kept in a nursery about
two years and Fraser firs about five years. Then
the seedlings are transplanted to the field, where
they grow for an additional eight years before
reaching marketable size.
A typical planting averages around 1,500 trees
per acre.
“Christmas trees are an intensive-culture crop,”
Huxster said. “The grower must apply proper fer
tilization, control weeds, insects and diseases, and
shear and prune the trees to proper shape and
density.”
There are U. S. Department of Agriculture grades
for the trees, and reputable growers discard trees
that are diseased, of improper size or shape, or
otherwise below federal standards.
Both the N. C. Forest Service and private com
panies operate nurseries to produce an adequate
supply of seedlings. On Roan Mountain, the U. S.
Forest Service conducts a program to protect native
firs from a pest known as the balsam wooly aphid.
N. C. State University’s School of Forest Re
sources and the N. C. Agricultural Experiment Sta
tion are conducting breeding work to develop trees
with improved color, density and disease resistance.
“The average customer wants a pyramid-shaped
tree with no holes in the foliage, a strong, well
structured bottom section, and a six to nine inch
handle at the base,” Huxster said.
Tree plantations are well-managed enterprises
that produce a crop intended for commercial use.
' There is no residual damage to native stands.
Huxster provides the following advice for buyers:
Select a good, fresh tree with pliable needles, and
buy early. After taking the tree home, make a fresh
cut at the base and place the tree in water to pre
vent drying out and shedding of leaves. After the
holidays the tree can be used to provide shelter for
birds and a place for them to feed, or it can be con
verted to mulch or burned.
Caswell News
ByJeanl.C.Tarbory
The picture was large, colorful
and most impressive. It covered
the wide glass leading into the
Recreation Building. It sym
bolized plenty for there was a
squirrel sitting on a huge pum
pkin. It symbolized communica
tion for there was an Indian
shaking hands with a Pilgrim
with one hand and holding a
turkey in the other.
Jo Batchelor of the Recreation
Department painted this for the
day-long square dance organiz
ed by the Special Events Com
mittee for November 24. Skip Al
mond, Habitation Specialist,
Division B and Ben Ramsaur,
Music Therapist, played the ban
jo. Johnnie Rice, Music
Therapist and Susan Twilley,
teacher, led a team of square
dancers. Residents came for
periods of 45 minutes to watch
and then to participate. Recrea
tion workers dressed as
Pilgrims and Indians brightened
the scene and were given an ap
ple when they left.
Was it the most important
event of the week.. Certainly it
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was the one the residents were
most aware of. Two other impor
tant events will, we hope, also
make life better for the
residents. On November 22 our
area legislators, Senator Harold
Hardison and Representative
Dan Lilley, Chris Barker and
Joe Bright visited the center to
learn more about its new role, its
objectives, and its needs.
On November 23 the State
Steering Committee for the plan
ning of chapels in the four in
stitutions for the retarded
visited us to learn more about
our residents and their spiritual
needs. We communicated with
our visitors. Some day we may
have plenty or at least enough to
enable us to let our residents live
indignity.
Sea Grant News
By JOHANNASELTZ
Coliform may not be all that
it’s cracked up to be.
Coliform is a bacteria that is
used as an indicator of fecal
pollution. Everyone uses it—it’s
the international testing
organism—for checking water
quality.
If coliform is present in a
water sample at the coast, the
shellfish that live in the water
are judged polluted and put off
limits to public use. If coliform is
not present, the coast is clear
and the water and shellfish are
assumed to be pollution free.
But recent tests by University
of North Carolina Sea Grant
researchers show that colifor
m’s absence may not guarantee
a clean water supply or un
polluted seafood.
Dr. Marvin Speck, a bac
teriologist at North Carolina
State University, has found that
coliform does not warn of some
harmful bacteria, particularly
vibrio parahaemolyticus, which
causes nausea, cramps and all
the other nasty symptons of food
poisoning. And Dr. Mark Sobsey.
a virologist at UNC-Chapel Hill,
suspects that coliform is a poor
indicator of viruses that cause
such diseases as hepatitis and
polio.
“Coliform is a good indicator
of other bacterial pathogens
such as the salmonella and
shigella,” Speck said. “But we
know that coliform is not an
accurate index for vibrio
parahaemolyticus. We found
that many times we can find
samples containing vibrio where
coliform is absent.”
Until recently, public health
officials didn’t worry that
coliform didn’t detect vibrio
parahaemolyticus because they
didn’t think the bacteria existed
in North American seafood,
Snecksaid.
“Vibrio had been recognized
in Japan as a problem (causing
about 70 per cent of all bacterial
food poisonings) but only in the
past few years have we even
bothered to look for it. We
assumed that the Japanese were
having problems because the
Japanese ate so much raw sea
food. We didn't realize it could
be a problem in seafoods we
thought were properly handled,”
Speck said.
“Well, we looked for it and we
found it.”
Speck’s studies show that
vibrio is the major pathogen in
North Carolina seafoods. Tiie
level of contamination is quite
high, causing a public health
problem.
Now that Speck and his
research team of Cameron
Hackney and Bibek Ray have
discovered that vibrio is a North
Carolina problem and that
coliform doesn’t seem to be a
good way to find the “new”
bacteria, they are looking for a
coliform substitute.
One of the reasons coliform is
now used universally as a test
organism is that it is easily and
quickly detected.
These are essential charac
teristics, especially in North
Carolina, since the State
Shellfish Sanitation Lab must
test water from 2,500 sampling
stations in about 5,000 separate
tests a year. Any new test
organism must also be easy to
use in order to be practical.
While Speck and his team are
busy searching for a quick and
easy vibrio—finder, Sobsey and
his associates at Chapel Hill are
developing a test for detecting
viruses in shellfish.
Like the bacteria vibrio, it
appears that many viruses are
tougher to find than coliform and
will be present in water and
seafoods even when coliform is
gone. Sobsey will be working
with the State Shellfish
Sanitation Lab this year to
verify the relationship between
viruses and coliform. Each
month samples from polluted
ind non-polluted shellfish areas
will be sent to Sobsey to be tested
for viruses.
Sobsey already has developed
a test for detecting viruses in
clams and oysters, a test which
won his graduate student Robert
Carrick one of three national Sea
Grant awards. By the end of the
year, Sobsey and the state
should know for sure if coliform
tests are any good for detecting
viruses. If, as Sobsey fears,
coliform tests fail in virus
finding, he hopes to have a
simple virus-detection method to
offer the state.
"So far, coliform has been
adequate. Whether it’s the best
or not. I can’t say. but there are
pros and cons,” said State
Shellfish Sanitation Lab
spokesman Robert Benton. "But
it’s really good that we are
getting research in this area.
This will put more validity on
what we’re doing or indicate
some changes that need to be
made. 1 feel the research is
really needed.”
Obituary
MAYO
Funeral services for Grady F.
Mayo, 50, of Vandemere, were
held at 2 p. m. Wednesday at
Norris Funeral Chapel in
Alliance with Dr. E. T. Isley of
ficiating. Burial was in Celestial
Gardens.
He is survived by his widow,
Mrs. Edna Ireland Mayo; one
daughter, Mrs. Ray W. Lee of
Aurora; three sons, Ernest of
the home and Perry E. of Aurora
and Grady R. Mayo of New
Bern; two sisters, Mrs. Hiram
Lewis and Mrs. Odell Spain of
Hobucken and a brother, James
Mayo of Alliance; two grand
children.
Food
Quality
By JOHN SLEDGE
The American fanner sup
plies our country—as well as
many other nations, with the
highest quality food grown
anywhere in the world. This
abundance has been possible on
ly because of the farmer’s
outstanding productive capacity
and his reliance upon the latest
in technological advances.
Interest in better nutrition by
people all over the world has put
even more emphasis on high
quality food during the past
years. Farmers recognize their
responsibility in meeting this
challenge and are obviously
suceeding in this direction.
Farmers support policies and
programs to assure consumers
of wholesome products, to pro
vide consumers with full product
information and to require new
food products to meet the same
quality and health requirements
as existing food products.
As consumers, we all desire an
abundance of the very highest
quality food possible.
Club
Outing
Early on the morning of
November 17, thirteen members
of the Arapahoe Retirement
Club and their guests departed
from Bethany Christian Church
in Arapahoe for a day’s outing to
Bath and Belhaven. The group
went first to the Visitors Center
in Bath and then toured the
Palmer Marsh and Bonner
homes and St. Thomas Church.
Following the tour, the group
traveled to River Forest Manor
in Belhaven where they enjoyed
a delicious lunch before return
ing to Arapahoe via the Pamlico
River Ferry. Those who were
able to make this trip expressed
how much they had enjoyed it
and look forward to future trips
of this kind.
The December meeting of the
Club will be a Dutch luncheon at
the Minnesott Beach Restaurant
on the 15th. Interested persons
are invited to join them on this
day but are requested to advise
Mrs. Neva McCotter if they plan
to attend. An invitation is ex
tended to all retired persons in
the area to visit the club, whose
membership is open.
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Pretty Wrapping Says
Much About Your Gift
One of the nicest ways
to express your personal
ity is through gift wrap
ping, note extension home
economics specialists.
North Carolina State Uni
versity.
A gift doesn’t need to be
expensive or glamorous to
express your feelings, they
add. Even the most prac
tical, useful gift takes on
excitement and interest
when it’s attractively
wrapped.
Prettily wrapped pack
ages are inexpensive, fun
and easy to do. Gift papers
can be purchased for as
little as 30 cents.
Start by selecting a
paper design to suit each
family member and friend.
Even the most beautiful
bow can’t rescue a care
iessley wrapped box.
Assemble the wrapping
papers, ribbons, scissors
and a roll of tape on a
solid flat surface. Be sure
to cut the paper large
enough for the package,
allowing enough to go
around the box and over
lap about two inches. It
should extend beyond the
ends of the box no more
than three-quarters of the
depth.
Tape the lid to the box
to prevent bulges and add
firmness. Lay the box up
side down on the paper,
making sure to center the
pattern so it shows to the
best advantage. Fold the
paper neatly around .ie
box and seal with tape.
Miter the end corners and
seal.
Parents 'Get Down’ To
Play with Your Child
It’s important for all
parents to take time to get
down and play with their
children. And you can
take that “get down” lit
erally.
Extension human devel
opment specialists, North
Carolina State University,
says parents are the most
inviting as play mates if
they’re close to the floor
where the children are.
However, if you’re a
parent who finds it hard
to be playful, then take a
while to watch your child
at play before joining
him, the specialists sug
gest.
Discover which play
things are favorites and
why. Then, let the child
be the leader. Let him or
her show you how to play.
That makes the child feel
good.
Later, suggest new ways
of playing that will help
the child learn. For ex
ample, if your child is
playing with one doll, pick
up another and start a
conversation between the
two.
You might find it fun
to get down and play with
your child, the specialists
says. And both of you will
learn something new.
Education
Status Presentation
GREENVILLE - Janice
Faulkner of the East Carolina
University English faculty is one
of five persons selected to pre
sent background papers on
public policy issues at a special
conference for North Carolina
legislators and scholars in
Raleigh December 10-11. Her
topic is “Education: Review and
Reassesment.”
Other topics include “Labor
and Unionism,” Health Care,”*
“Criminal Justice,” and
“Growth Policies.”
Each topic will be discussed at
a session meeting of state
legislators and scholars from
North Carolina campuses. The
background papers will provide
historical perspective and fac
tual data on the five policy
issues.
The conference is sponsored
by the Center for the Study of
Human Values at Tanglewood
with a grant from the N. C.
Humanities Committee.
The twofold purpose of the
conference is to assist
scholars in understanding pro
blems legislators face when
dealing with critical and con
troversial issues and to enhance
legislators’ understanding of the
Karate
A Karate and Oriental wea
pons demonstration will be held
at 8 p.m. Wednesday, December
8 at Pamlico Technical Institute.
The demonstration is being con
ducted by Sam Pearson of the
School of Martial Arts in New
Bern. As an added event, Mr.
Pearson will lie on nails and
have an assistant break a slab of
concrete on his stomache. There
is no admission charge for the
demonstration and everyone is
welcome to attend. Pamlico
Technical Institute is located on
Highway 306, five miles south of
Grantsboro.
values and perspectives
scholars may bring to the mak
ing of public policy.
Program For Juvenile Approved
Secretary of the Department
of Human Resources, Phillip J.
Kirk, Jr., has approved 31 com
munity programs across the
state for juvenile delinquents
and status offenders. The pro
grams selected from 53 applica
tions from counties were
reviewed and recommend
ed by the Technical Advisory
Committee on Delinquency
Prevention and Youth Services
and final approval was given by
the Secretary or State grants to
communities in the amount of
$250, 000. The state grants are
matched by local funds. The ap
proved programs range from
non-residential counseling pro
grams to specialized foster care
and group homes.
In approving the community
programs, Secretary Kirk said,
“The funding of these programs
is small, but important first step
in a plan will eventually remove
from state training schools
children who have committed no
crimes. It is time we started
solving the problems of our
children where the problems
are—in the home, the school and
community."
The Secretary noted that the
31 approved community pro
grams exhausted all of the ex
isting funds remarked for com
munity services to serve
juvenile delinquents, but he
pointed out that 835,000 in addi
tional community funds are in
cluded as a top priority item in
the Department’s expansion
budget request (or FY 1977-79.
The request will be considered at
the upcoming session of the
General Assembly.
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