THE PERQUIMANS WEEKLY. HERTFORD, N. C, FR1DA , AUGUST 10, 1945.
PAGE THREE
LOOKING AT WASHINGTON
Br HUGO S. SUMSl Washington Correspondent
GUAM A GREAT BASE
' FOR FUTURE SECURITY
In pre-war days, when pacificists,
isolationists and sentimentalists
largely controlled the action of Con
. Kress upon matters of national de
fense, the Navy made repeated ef
forts to secure authorization for the
development of Guam into an advance
baBe.
Leading naval officers were de-
nounced as war-mongers. The predic
tion was made that any attempt to
fortify Guam would be resented by
Japan and lead to war. In addition,
opponents of the proposal insisted
that Guam was utterly incapable of
being developed into an, operating
harbor for the fleet, much less an ad
vance base of sufficient proportions
to aid the defense of the United
States.
A lot of water has flowed over the
dam since the attack upon Pearl Har
bor, which developed despite our tim
idity in preparing defenses in the
Pacific. On July 21, 1944, American
farces invaded Guam. Since that
tinted it has been converted into our
most powerful advance base, serving
now as the reserve and supply center
of the Pacific war.
A recent release gives us some in
teresting facts about the amazing de
velopment on the 225-mile square
island, where naval and air officers
direct the ever-growing assault upon
Japan. Here are some of the state
ments: '
Big shore batteries protect the
coast and hundreds of anti-aircraft
guns encircle vulnerable points.
" The largest communication system
in the world has been set up and har-
bor facilities expanded beyond the
-dreams of pre-war naval enthusiasts.
Five large air bases, including
three huge B-29 fields, are in opera
tion, with one possessing greater
maintenance facilities than Hickam
Field n Pearl Harbor. Fighter fields
swarm with planes.
To keep its thousands of planes
flying some 60,000,000 gallons of
aviation gasoline are required month
ly and tankers work day and night
to pump a continuous stream of gaso
line through fifty-one miles of pipe
lines. Water, scarce in the Pacific, is
abundant, with springs and wells pro
viding 10,000,000 gallons a day for
the island and some 30,000,000 gal
lons a month to ships in the har
bor. Roads have been rebuilt. Some 150
miles, including a four-lane military
highway, are served by .'(,600 jeeps,
28,000 trucks and 3,000 trailers. In
addition, for construction duty, there
are 1,200 heavy tractors, 400 cranes,
hundreds of bulldozers and much
other machinery. As a result, con
struction progress is unprecedented
in military history.
Four navy and four army hospitals
have a capacity of almost 12,000
beds, and the wounded are cared for
by a staff which includes COO medi
cal and dental officers, 500 nurses
and 5,000 corpsmen.
Anra Harbor now handles more
cargo than any forward area port in
the world. Thousands of tons are un
loaded daily, much, of it for reship
ment to bases closer to Japan. An
chorages for warships, transports
and suppjy vessels have been provid
ed by removing 6,000,000 cubic yards
of coral from the harbor itself.
We take space to recount the de
tails about Guam ( but not because it
represents an exceptional perform
ance in the Pacific. What has hap
pened on Guam has taken place, in
more or less magnitude, on every
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captured islandj
Construction crews and service men
everywhere labor incessantly to pre
pare the facilities that alone make
possible the concentrated assaults
upon Japan. Their work ia not specta
cular and is often performed in sec
recy, but what they have done con
stitutes something of a miracle, com
parable to the performance of in
dustry in this country.
U. S. TO RECEIVE BENEFITS IN
PROPORTION TO INVESTMENT
Despite the four-day battle waged
by Senator Taft, of Ohio, the Senate
has approved the Bretton Woods
agreements by a vote of 61 -to-16.
This assures that the United States
will play its part in the organization
set up to maintain stable currency
exchanges and to provide cooperative
credits for reconstruction and devel
opment throughout the world.
It is expected that other lations
will immediately follow the lead of
the United States and that speedy
action by enough of the forty-four
nations will be forthcoming to Dermit
the bank and fund to begin operating
sometime in 1946.
The measure was passed by the
House in June by a vote of 345 to 12.
The majority in the Senate was larg
er than expected and it should be not
ed that nineteen Republicans voted
favorably, which means that the
measure would have passed if every
Democratic supporter had refrained
from voting on the issue.
There have been some suggestions
that the United States, in making a
major contribution to the funds re
quired by the agreement, should as
sume a disproportionate share of the
burden involved. We hardly agree
with this suggestion because, if a
stable world can be arranged, the
United States will probably receive
benefits in proportion to its invest
ment. Moreover, the encouragement
which the international agreement
will give to world trade should en
courage the nations of the world to
engage in peaceful pursuits.
SUGGESTS REORGANIZATION
OF POST OFFICE REPARTMENT
Mr. Frank C. Walker, who recent
ly retired as Postmaster-General, has
included in a report of the activities
of the Department a suggestion that
it be reorganized, primarily with a
view to further decentralization.
Mr. Walker thinks, that the admin
istration of the postal service "is too
highly centralized in Washington"
and that there is an absence of con
tinuity of high administrative offi
cers, which is essential to effective
operation. He also opposes the idea
that the postal service should be a
revenue producing agency and de
clares that it should be conducted for
the service ol the people of the na
tion. The recommendation of the form
er Postmaster-General should receive
serious consideration. Certainly, there
is a general belief that the Postoffice
Department can render more effective
service and that, somewhere along
the line, there is too much lost mo
tion in the handling of the mail mat
ter. MARTIN PROPOSES BAN
ON FORCED MILITARY SERVICE
Tlic elimination of compulsory mili
tary service in time of peace, by
agreement between the nations, is
proposed by Representative Joseph
Martin, of Massachusetts.
This suggestion will arouse public
interest and may lead to confused
thinking. There is a vast difference
between an international agreement
and what actually occurs, as the Kel-logg-Briand
pact to outlaw war as an
instrument of national policy abun
dantly proves.
The War Department says there is
a difference between military service
and military training, pointing out
that what is now proposed in the
United States is that young men' be
trained but not 'compelled to render
military service.
We think it would be splendid if
every nation could abolish all armed
forces with complete confidence in
its safety. It may be that the organi
zation of the United Nations will in
time offer such security but years
will elapse before this is definitely
established. Meanwhile, every nation,
with anything ko defend and the
means of doing so, must be prepared
for any eventuality.
AID FORCES ON OKINAWA 1
TESTING DIVIDED COMMAND
In Europe, the combined chiefs of;
staff, including British and Ameri-j
can Army, 'naval and air officers'
were in control of Allied operations,1
but they had under them General
Eisenhower as a single responsible
head, directing the complete forces.
A different situation prevails in
the Pacific war, where, on Okinawa,
the Army Aif Force has won some
recognition through the appointment
of General Carl Spaatz as Command
er of the Army Strategic Air Force
which operates on a parity with the
military and ' nayl commarfders. In
Europe, it should be noted, the Stra
tegic Air Force : was under the su
preme command of General Eisen
hower. The question of top command in
the Pacific has been thoroughly dis
cussed. General MacArthur has been
in charge of army, navy and air
forces operating in 1 the Southwest Pa
cific and Admiral Nimitz has com
mand combined forces operating in
the Pacific Ocean area.
Qn Okinawa at the present time,
there is, consequently, divided au
thority. General Spaatz controls the
B-29a and long-range fighters. Gen
eral MacArthur control' a tactical
borhbtag force, command by General
Kenney, which Include B-I?s, B-24s,
B'ZSs, B-26S jfcftd. : ;8cortin fighters.
Admiral Nimitz, in addition to com
manding the warships of the fleet,
controls the Privateers, Liberators
and such planes of Fleet Air Wing 1
and the Corsairs, Hellcats and Aven
gers of the Second Marine Aircraft
Wing.
It is widely assumed that General
MacArtnur will command Army
forces in the attack upon Japan and
it is also presumed that Admiral Ni
mit will continue in charge of naval
operations. There seems to be no real
reason why this division of command
should not function efficiently, be
cause, obviously, it will be the task
of the navy to protect the transpor
tation of men and supplies on the
high seas and to play the leading
role in the acquisition of adequate
beach-heads.
When the forces are ashore and en
gaged in tremendous land operations,
it appears logical that the command
should shift to an experienced Army
leader.
The division of command on Okina
wa seems to relate to air forces. Even
here, we see no insuperable objec
tions to the present setup which is
being thoroughly tested. The operat
ional activities of the various air
forces can be coordinated and. so far
as strategic bombing is concerned,
ample time is available to select oh-,
jectives and deliver assaults in uni-1
SOn. Eauallv obvious, however io tho
Huvisuuimy or placing tactical air
operations under the commander of
any enterprise, whether is be naval or
land-based.
chitis in their flocks of growing pul
lets, say specialists of the State Col
lege Extension Service.
The disease is usually caused by
the lack of ventilation and by the
overcrowding of the birds into the
poultry houses, and Extension spec
ialists point out that it is advisable
for poultrymen to open up their
poultry houses during the hot sum
mer months and provide all the fresh
air possible for the growing chickens.
George W. Wright, of Raleigh,
Route 2, discovered that his leghorn
pullets caught colds, which later set
tled in the bronchial tubes causing
bronchitis. The reason for the dis
turbance was the fact that the pul
lets became too warm during a cer
tain night because of the lack of
ventilation, Wright said.
The Raleigh poultryman went to
work immediately to remove the
causes of the disease, and fortunately
he did not lose any of the birds.
Wright has found that spraying ol
an inhalant over the heads of the
chickens at nicht has aided a a-resit
deal in relieving the situation.
fetate College poultry authorities
suggest that farmers check their
poultry houses to determine whether
sufficient ventilation is provided in
order to avoid excessive outbreaks
of bronchitis in their flocks. Further
information about the disease may
be secured by writing to the Depart
ment of Poultry Science at State
College.
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1 How To Kill It
j Kill the outer skin. It peels off and
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Today at Roberson's. adv
Fertilize Grains
Before Planting
Unless small grains are planted
after such liberally fertilized crops as
cotton and tobacco, they should re
ceive fertilization before planting,
says Enos Hlair, Extension agrono
mist at State College.
Where legumes have been turned
under, the recommendation is :!00
pounds of '12-12 or 0-14-7 per acre.
After corn or hay crops, small grains
require a complete fertilizer. The
recommendation for t h v Coastal
I Plain section is .'itlll pounds Der acre
of 4-10-6 or 4-8-8 and for the Pied
mont and Mountains, :)I0 pounds per
acre of 3-12 C or 4-12-4.
In discussing small grain fertiliza
tion, Blair cited an outstanding dem
onstration conducted by Roland Sal
ter of Carteret county with oats. The
plot without any fertilizer produced
31 bushels per acre. An application of
.JIM) pounds of 4-10-6 per acre at
planting produced 36 bushels; a top
dressing of 1,10 pounds of nitrate of
soda on March 1 and no fertilizer at
planting, 53 bushels; and both ferti
lizer at planting and the nitrate of
soda topdresser, 63 bushels per acre.
On the high plot of 63 bushels per
acre, with oats valued at one dollar
! per bushel, the total profit from the
I fertilizer treatment was $24.00 per
j acre.
Bhair recently recommended the)
following seeding rates for small j
! grains to those farmers who are con
ducting rotation experiments with
jhim: wheat, 1 1 1-2 bushels; oats,!
I 2 3 bushels; rye, same as for wheat; 1
' and barley, 2 bushels. j
j As to seeding rates for winter le
gumes, he suggested 20 to 30 pounds
of seed for crimson clover per acre; '
vetch, 15 to 25 pounds; and Austrian;
winter peas, 30 to 40 pounds. Recom
mendations for fertilization are 200
pounds of either an 0-12-12 or 0-14-7. '
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Poultrymen Urged To
Prevent Bronchitis
Poultry producers in Wake and
other counties of North Carolina !
have reported the outbreak of bron
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Friday, Aug. 10
George Raft, Peggy Ann Garner,
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Saturday, Aug. 11
Bob Steele and
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Chapter 3 "Purple Monster"
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Sunday, Aug. 12
Shows 3:30 and 9:15
James Craig and Donna Reid in
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Cartoon Musical Featurette
Monday-Tuesday, Aug. 13-14
JOHNNY WEISMULLER
Brenda Joyce and
Johnny (Boy) Sheffield in
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News "Phantoms, Inc."
Wednesday, Aug. 15
Double Feature
Gene Autry and
Smiley Burnette in
"MEXICALI ROSE"
also
Richard Arlen in
"IDENTITY UNKNOWN"
Chapter 1 "The Monster and
The Ape"
Thursday-Friday,, Aug. 16-17
Randolph Scott and
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