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PAGS TERES
; ':' The' INdUonat 'Pari Service of the
'(Department of the Interior will estab
lish . a land aequlaition office ; In the
near future to launch the task of pur
- chaaing landa for the Cape Hatteraa
National Seashore' Recreation Area,
Secretary of the Interior Oscar' L.
Chapman ha announced. Available
for the purpose are 618,000 in State
, of North Carolina funds and a match
ing , amount from . unnamed donors.
The' project on which these funds are
to he expended was first authorized
, by Congress in 1937.
The boundaries of the in which
.lands are to be acquired have been
, jointly agreed upon by the Cape Hat
. teras National Seashore Commission,
the . Governor's Council, and the Nat-
'l ional Park Service. ', From the point,
, locally known as wnaleoone, on Bodie
Island, approximately , 8, miles north
' ,.of Oregon Inlet, where U. S. Highway
(158 turns to go to Roanoke Island,
,,'the project extends ' down to Cape
; Hatteras itself and south-westward
. from , the Cape to the farther end of
Ocracoke Island. No part of the
the inner side of North Carolina's Out
er, Banks iNorth and South Rodanthe,
Snlvn VRTiTtnn ;Priim. Hatteras and
Ocracoke are excluded, required
by the 1937 act of Congress, oo also
are liberal areas surrounding them, to
leave adequate .room for theJf ex
pansion. ' ; ; ' ' .
This portion of the Outer Banks f
North Carolina comprises one of the
few extensive stretches of undevelop
ed seashore remaining on the Atlan
tic Coast. Secretary Chapman stated.
Author of the 1937 legislation-was
the 'Ron. "Lindsay Warren, then Rep
resentative from ' North Carolina's
First Congressional District, and now
Comptroller General, who has retained
his interest in the prospect during the
nearly 12 years since he took over his
present position. Mr. Warren has
taken an active and effective part in
the recent negotiations which resulted
in the decision of the Governor's Coun
cil to make $618,000 of .the State's
funds available for the project, as
has his successor in Congress, the Hon.
Herbert C. Conner.
ocean-front resort community of Nags I - The total area within the project
:Head is included within the project. (boundaries comes to approximately
All the several villages lying along 30,000 acres of land.
European Army Will Bolster
Ridgway V N A T O Command
Mobilization of the six-nation Euro
pean army will place a million men,
as well as the resources of most of "
, Western Europe, alongside American,'
British, and other forces under the
command of Gen. Matthew B. Ridg
way, Supreme Allied Commander in
Europe..--..
This supranational r army will be
' assembled when the European De
fense Community treaty is adopted.
Though already signed at Paris by
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their foreign ministers, the treaty
must be ratified by the parliaments
of West Germany, France, Italy, Bel
gium, Luxembourg, and the Nether
lands. In addition, to complete the
new arrangements a protocol to the
North Atlantic Treaty which links
the EOC and North Atlantic Treaty
Organization also must be approved
by the 14 member countries of
NATO. ,v y-A-.,.;
The ratification process necessari
ly will take time. For example, the
people of the Netherlands will hold
their elections this summer, after
which the Parliament will be con
vened and a new government formed,
The Netherlands thus will not be able
to act on the treaty until fall at the
earliest. So it will be some months
before the European Defense Com
munity can be established.
y. Meaning for Americans '
For the United States and individual
Americans, ' what does the military
integration of Europe - mean? The
Department, -of State asserts; that,
among a number of benefits, there
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will be three principal result of this
integration;
' 1. It will settle many of the politi
cal 'differences in Western Europe,
particularly jn bringing together into
the same community France and Ger
many whose centuries-old difficulties
have forestalled a welding of the
common aspirations of the French
and Cerman people. v .;'':''
.2. . It win assure , that Germany will
contribute both manpower and indust
rial, resources to the defense of Eur
ope. Tne nature, pi the mm ma
chinery is such as to prevent so far
as possible the revival of a German
national army. ' ' ' 1
3. It witt encourage continued
growth of European unity and the
integration of (Europe's economy.
Clearly, the unification of Europe,
of which the EDC is an essential part,
will make possible tremendous eco
nomic benefits from increased produc
tion and more euuftable' distribution
o fgoods and services in Europe.. And
this, in turn,,. eventually will lessen
the dependence of that, area on 'the
United States for direct aid.
The plan for .this community, how
ever, is meeting opposition both with
in some countries and from the Soviet
Union. The latter and the , Kremlin
directed Communist parties reacted
immediately to the signing of the
EDC agreement by making an obvious
effort to delay or wreck the ratifica
tion. They instigated border incidents
along the line dividing East and West
Germany, as well i j repressive acts
in Berlin. These are desperate ef
forts to frighten and threaten West
Germans and West Europeans.
Yet after months of hard work
and negotiation the six . European
countries are determined to bring
about ' the merger of their armed
forces (excluding only those on duty
outside of Europe) despite this oppo
sition. " '
The Plan in Detail
To do so, they will fus their nat
ional forces into a single army, with
a common command structure, train
ing, budget, and uniform. Their forces
above the division level will be com
bined into groups of corps which
will comprise the army. Thdt army
will be under the direction of the
NATO commander.
In alining themselves, the six coun
tries propose to pool not only their
military strength but their economic
resources and their political institu
tions under a new supranational au
thority. The treaty stipulates that
they will establish a Council of Min
isters, an Assembly, a Court of Jus
tice, and a nine-man Executive Board.
These institutions will exercise power
throughout the six countries.
The first task of the suDranational
body will be to direct the financial
contributions of each ', participating
country in tne establishment of a
single defense force. Together with
the merger of their armed forces,
including both conscripts and regulars,
the countries in the EDC through the
supranational body will award con
tracts, make allocations for pur
chases and supplies, and determine
production arrangements. -
Within 6 months, the Assembly as
provided in the treaty will present
suggestions looking toward a federal
union for Europe These suggestions
will then be considered by the Eur
opean countries. For the distant
future, the hope is to find agreement
on something like a ''United States of
Europe," including a unified Ger
many. x
Under the proposed amendment of
the North Atlantic Treaty, which the
foreign ministers - approved at Paris,
there are guarantees of help against
armed attack betrrieen , members of
NATO and EDC. This provision, when
ratified, will affirm their intentions
to, treat any attack upon one member
as an attack upon all. '
American Position
A Three Power declaration issued
at Paris by the United States, Britain,
and France stated that they will re
gard as a threat to their own se
curity any action from whatever
quarter which threatens the integ
rity or unity of the European Defense
Community. They made it clear that
they will defend Berlin against at
tack, from .any quarter. ;,
This declaration does not repre
sent a ' change in American policy.
Nor is it a new commitment. In'
this declaration the United States
simply clarifies and reaffirms a long
standing policy recognizing that the
security of Europe is necessary to our
own interests and. security, and that
Germany-, is part of the complex of
Europe.'.': 7," ).:
' In short, the EDC 'treaty and he
accompanying agreements and decla
rations signed at Paris: " '
1. Bind Germany and France, along
with four other European countries,
in a European Defense Community.
2. Commit EDC to the defense of
the Norfih Atlantic area. - '
3. Guarantee that NATO countries
will defend the countries represented
in, EDC. : . . :J:-n .
German Agreements y yy
West' Germany's participation in
EDC as -an equal partner, and the
German commitments to that organi
zation, .have been; negotiated simul
taneously with the working out of the
"contractual ' agreements." These
agreements were signed last month
at Bonn between West Germany and
the , United States, - -Britain, . and
France. :.-':.: -.&f. fr-tsgx i- -iy
As companion agreement to EDC,
they will restore .virtual sovereignty
to West Germany . and will end the
7-year-old occupation in all parts of
Germany, except for the area domi
nated by the Soviets. . 1 ' ,i
Berlin, surrounded by the Soviet
zone, is not hicluded in the contractual
agreements and will continue to be
under 'Four v Powefc occupation. Hut
the city will have more lattitude in
governing its ' own affairs, since the
controls in the -three western sectors
of Berlin are to be considerably re-
auceu. . , ."y .-. -
The contracts with West Germany
will have the effect of transformingr
the forces of the .-Western nowers
from occupation to defense duties
Joined by German contingents in the
European army, thev wfll heln tn
safeguard the freedom and security of
rmany and the. Western world.
TO Sum UO. th immpdinB miimnu
(of-EDC is to give European peoples
uiu restored (Mrmnnv-w.t
protection against the Jthreat of ag
gression. But as Secretary Aeheson
pointed out in Pavis, the "true mean
ing" of EDC extends far beyond the
field of defense. .
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