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to Caub Johnson THIRTEEN FREE AND INDEPENDENT NATIONS When we start to study any thing, w« must begin at the beginning. The Constitution of the United States begins with a Preamble. A Preamble is in tended to explain the purpose ol what follows. The Preamble to our Constitution does that in 62 words. “We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, pro vide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity^ do ordain and establish this CON STITUTION for the United States of America.” That explains what the Consti tution was expected to do. It does not, however, explain why it was necessary to draw up a Con stitution, eleven years after the English Colonies of America had declared their independence of Great Britain. The Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776. The Constitution was ad opted in 1787. Before we can understand the why of the Con stitution, we must understand what kind of a government we had in America before there was any Constitution. The very nrst pnrase oi me Constitution raises questions. “We, the people of the United States.” How were the States united be fore there was any Constitution? What had kept them together throughout the War of the Revo lution? What had held them to gether after the Revolution and before they adopted the Consti tution? For, as they expressly stated in the Declaration of In dependence, they were not only free states, but independent For that matter, what did they mean by the word "states,” in the Declaration of Independence and in the Constitution itself? When the Founding Fathers of the Republic said “state” they meant exactly what we mean to day when we say “nation.” In the 18th century the word “na tion” was seldom used; the word "state” was always understood as meaning a nation. The Decla ration of Independence, after de claring that “these United Colon ies are, and of .right ought to be, free and independent States,’ con tinues: “and that all political connection between them and the Ennice Ennice, July 22.—A large crowd attended communion ser vices at Pleasant Home Sunday. Mr. and Mrs. Bill McMillan and family, of Coalwood, W. V a., spent Thursday night with Mr. and Mrs. A. M. Greene. Mirs. Y. L. Cooper spent Sat urday night with Mr. and Mrs. Larrie Cooper. Mr. and Mrs. Felix Hincher and Mr. and Mrs. Paul Crouse spent Saturday afternoon at Reid Hudson’s home. Miss Emma Lee Wagoner spent the past week with her sister, Mrs. J. C. Caudill, at Whitehead. Mrs. Artie Caudill and sons, fceith and Clay, spent Thursday night with Mrs. Caudill’s sister, Mrs. A. M. Greene. Miss Gwyndolen Green spent the past week with her aunt, Mrs. Artie Caudill, at Baywood. Those enjoying a watarmelen feast at the home pf W. C. Hig gins Saturday night were Mr. and Mrs A. M. Greene, Mr. and Mrs. Roe Dickens, G. N. Evans, Mr. and Mrs. Larrie Cooper and daughter, Mildired, Mr. and Mrs. Carter Wilson, Mr. and Mrs. Ar temis Higgins and son, Page, Mrs. Y. L. Cooper, Mr. and Mrs. Reeves Greene and daughter, Clara, Mm. Caroline Carico, JHisses Marie and Mabel Evans and Alva and Linnie Davis. Neal Hendrix, who has been *111, is improving. Mr. and Mrs. Parley Parsons spent Saturday night with Mr. and Mrs. Everette Handy. Those visiting Mrs. Alice Combs Sunday were Mm. Virginia Bur roughs and sons, Mr. and Mrs. Paul Wilson and sons, Wayne Collins, Mr. and Mrs. Joe Combs, Mr. and Mrs. Floyd Combs and daughter, Mrs. Edd Carico and daughter and Mrs. Irma Roberta and son. _ Mias Thelma Carico spent Sun day with Miss Annie Combs. Mr. and Mrs. Joe Combs spent Sunday night at ft* home of W. C: Higgins. _ iiF LOWERS For All Occoaioaa At B & T Drug Co. SPARTA* N. C —---— STATE of Great Britain is, and ought to be, dissolved.” “United States," then, meant “United Na tions.” Thirteen independent nations, seeking to free themselves from the domination of another nation, fought the War of the Revolution. They called their union a “Con federation of States." Exactly the same meaning would have be.cn conveyed if they had called it a “League of Nations.” In the beginning, this union of independent states was nothing more than a mutual alliance to carry on the war. It was almost exactly the. same sort of a “un ion” as that between the allied but independent nations of Eur ope, for the conduct of the World War from 1914 to 1919. The American States had the com mon background of having all been subject to the same, domi nation by another nation. But the utmost their leaders had in mind in the way of a union, at the beginning of the Revolution, was an alliance of independent nations in what they explicitly termed ,a “League of Friendship.” The only central government that existed in America for the first five years of the war with Great Britain was the Continental Congress, composed of delegates from the thirteen states. It had so little power or authority that it could hardly be called a gov ernment at all. The Continental Congress could borrow money, if anyone would lend it, but could not levy taxes to repay such loans. It would issue requisitions to the separate states for sup plies and troops, but it could not make its acts effective. Next Installment: The Seed From Which Grew The Constitu tion. LOOKING AT WASHINGTON (continued from front page) be badly split in the election next year. PRESIDENT’S POPULARITY That the popularity of the Pres, ident is not as great, apparently, as it was seems reasonable. Cer tainly, he has not the same favor able press that greeted his moves with applause in the first year of office. However, there are those who question this conclu sion, pointing out that most of the metropolitan newspapers are voices of business interests and that they naturally reflect the sen timent of their constituency. Frankly, there is something in this observation. Moreover, much of his opposition is concealed as business, banking, industrial, and commercial interests, realizing their own unpopularity, cloak their moves in order to escape con demnation from the public. FOOLISH PROPHECY One well-known political com mentator went so far a week or so ago as to declare that Mr. Roosevelt, at one time, was near losing his chance of renomina tion by the Democratic party. This is the height of inane par tisanship. If there is one clear fact in the field of political af fairs today it is that Mr- Roose velt is going to be renominated, whether he gets the full support of his party or not. In fact, it is hard to understand how anyone, with any knowledge of political history, can believe today that it is possible for Mr. Roosevelt to lose renomination next year. BATTLE LINES FORMING This writer is not interested particularly in what happens, or how it may affect persons or par ties. The only idea in view is to give readers a true picture of political developments and to ad vise them as clearly as possible of the future outlook. Here it is: The so-called big business element will fight, and is fighting the President, tooth and toenail; it will be joined by conservatives of both parties and nominal Re publicans will undoubtedly vote against him. At the same time, there is the other side. Labor, as far as the issue is framed today, will go to the polls behind him. He will also gain great strength in farming areas through the present AAA program, regardless of its constitutionality. Nominal Democrats will be with him, even if prominent conservative leaders of the party bolt. THE FIGHT IN 1938 With this line-up, where do the radicals place? That is the ques tion. ' The President will lead a liberal army next fall,, but wheth er fee *j»b« «, far to Disastrous fire Sweeps Green Swamp Recently Southport CCC Men Save Bear Cubs From Fire. Earlier Fire Recalled By Recent One (The following account of th« Green Swamp forest fire ii Brunswick county is reprinted bj request from a recent issue o: The Port Progress, a newspapei published in Brunswick county.— Editor). Southport, July 20.—The pie sent pride of the CCC men at Southport is two small black beai cubs, each weighing about 3C pounds, rescued by the men from the forest fire that recently swept (Jreen Swamp. With others of his comrades, Arthur Fields was fighting the flames and through the smoke and crackling of falling trees an-d limbs he heard the pitiful crying of the little creatures that had been abandoned by the parents. Fields located them and carried them out, one had been some* what burned on its leg. The little creatures were brought to camp and immediately adapted themselves to their new surroundings, already being quite friendly despite the fact that they were taken only recently. The boys have constructed a nice cage 20x20 feet and, according to Lieutenant Leitzy, those cubs are the pride of his boys and at the same time he is wondering what would have happened to Fields if the old bears had returned and found him carrying off their cubs. The biggest snake reported in this section so far this year, in fact about the biggest ever re ported killed in Brunswick county, fell a victim to CCC forest fire fighters in Green Swamp recently. The reptile weighed 36 pounds and that is a pretty good size for a rattle snake or any sort of a snake - in North Carolina. " With 360 men fighting the fires at times, hundreds of snakes of all sorts have been killed in recent days. In addition to those that were dispatched by the men, it is probable that thousands of them were burned to death along with hundreds of game animals and game birds. The forest fire held to Green Swamp recently by the Foresty Service and CCC workers, recalled the fact that in 1850 Governor Russell had 200 white men and 2260 slaves fighting such a fire for three weeks in the same, swamp. The efforts were futile, the fire got out of the swamp and spread devastation over a large area. Periodically since then fires have broken out in the same swamp and were never controlled and kept in the swamp until the latest one. George R. Foulke, who now owns the old Governor Russell plantation, says that the recent fire came during the driest season in the history of the weather bureau, yet the county fire organization and CCC men held the fire to the swamp. In holding the fire to the swamp in the present instance the workers plowed 25 miles of fire lanes on both sides of the swamp. These lanes will be good for the next 26 years or more and will assist in protecting many thousands of acres of good well seeded and growing timber. in doubt. The opposition will be conservative, apparently, although the bajje possibility exists that lib. erals may rule the Republican convention. If the G. O. P- is plainly conservative, as expected, it will have some Democratic de serters, howevei, there will be some liberal drifting. The really radical fringe may not elect to tinker with either party and a third ticket may be in the field to woo the voters. It may be powerful enough to affect the re sult, but we doubt it. Just now, the outlook is for a straight-out fight between the liberals and con servatives, for and against the Roosevelt policies, with something of a realignment of party alleg iances. CONDITIONS MAY CHANCE Much depends undoubtedly up on what happens between today and next fall. If the Roosevelt policies succeed in restoring some thing like prosperity, neither radi cal foes or conservative critics can stop him. If conditions in the nation are worse, then the conservative argument will be greatly strengthened and tha ear* of the voters attuned. However, the radical Cringe will flatten or poorer business conditions and, ir the event of anything like a col lapse of improvement, you maj expect a threaten!ng^growtfi ol Washington Cools Off WASHINGTON ... A summer night ’s view of the terrace fountain on the Capitol Tlaza where Wash ingtonians try to find relief from' the sweltering heat during the sum mer months. Stranger A woman came out of her flat one morning and .rang for the lift. It came up for her, she got in, the doors closed, and the lift, instead of going down, started to go up. “Hey!” said the woman. “I’m very sorry, madam,” the lift boy said, reversing the con trols. “I just came on the job this morning and I don’t know my way around very well yet.”— Tit-Bits. Awful! A lady asked a pupil at ,a pub lic examination, “What was the sin of the Pharisees?” “Eating camels, marm,” quick ly replied the child. (She had read that Pharisees “strained at gnats and swallowed camels.”) Distintive Dishes (or Sommer parties Have you ever attended a luncheon, an afternoon tea or dinner party where such delicious and unusual dishes were served that they helped irake the oc casion memorable? Here are such concoctions as would rival the choicest of your memories of fine foods. Try them, next time you entertain—or better still, give the family the thrill of a new dish, delectably prepared. Chicken Aspic Salad Dress a thick slice of tomato for each portion to be served with salt, pepper and a few drops of vinegar. Chill. Soak 2 tablespoons of gelatine in a lit tle cold water, add to 1 1-2 cups highly seasoned chicken broth. Cool, and when jelly starts to thicken, add 3 tablespoons mayon naise and 1-2 cup chopped pecans, and a little chopped gre.en pep per. Add 2 tablespoons chopped celery, 1-2 tablespoon onion juice and 1 1-2 cups chopped cold cooked chicken. Mold, chill. Un mold on the tomato slices placed on lettuce ,and serve with mayon naise. Beef and Ham Gumbo Cook 3-4 pound cured ham, diced with 1 pound diced beef until brown in a large iron skil let. Add 2 tablespoons chopped parsley, 1 onion sliced, 1 green pepper, chopped fine and 1-2 cup chopped celery and cook for a few minutes. Add 1 pint water and 1 quart fresh tomatoes, cover and simmer until the meat is al most tender. Then add 1 quart okra cut crosswise. Season to taste and simmer uncovered until the okra is tender and the stew has thickened. Serve in a rice ring made as follows. Rice Ring Wash 1 cup rice and sprinkle into 4 cups rapidly boiling water. Cook for about 20 minutes or till rice is tender and the water ab sorbed. Add 1 teaspoon salt, 2 tablespoons butter and 2 dashes tabasco sauce. Put the rice in Colorful Swim Suit .nxi™ iumi ... 1.1 roar preier enee for style in bathing suits is influenced by the model wearing it, then your purehaae may be a novel printed 1' dressmaker model ’ ’ of tranks and halter, as worn by Miss Lola Solomon at an Atlantic shore resort ,a well-greased ring mold and pat it down. Reheat in the oven, turn on a round platter and fill the center with gumbo. Serve at once. Apple Almond Pie 1-2 cup shelled almonds. 1 2-3 cups finely rolled graham crackers. 1-2 cup sugar. 1-2 teaspoon almond flavoring 1-3 cup butter. 2 cups sweetened apple sauce. Chop almonds and combine with the graham crackers, rolled fine, 1-2 cup sugar, flavoring and softened butter. Reserve 3-4 cup of this mixture and press remain der firmly against bottom and sides of a buttered pie plate. Pour in apple sauce. Top with remainder of crumb mixture and bake 15 minutes in a hot oven. Chill and serve with whipped cream. Croamod Mushroom* and Ham 1 can condensed Mushroom Soup. 3-4 cup milk. 1-2 teaspoons Worcestershire or similar sauce. 1 1-4 cup diced ham—Spk. pep per. Heat the soup with the milk, add ham, pepper. Worcestershire sauce and heat. Serves 4. To vary, substitute equal parts of diced cooked chicken and ham, or chicken and cooked asparagus In 1 1-2 inch lengths for the ham. Customer: “I should like that parrot. But can it talk?” Dealer: “Talk! Why, it flew from Paraguay to Stockholm, ask ing its own way all the time.”— Vart Hem (Stockholm). He (during a traffic holdup) J “That man in front of us caused a sensation -30 years ago by driv ing at 10 miles an hour.” She: “He could do the same now.” See Ca*teven* Motor Co. for radio batterie*. tube* and *er vice.—adv. tfe. msEfl.'i • f^PEAKINO OF LEA6UES,taN0nCE0 THERE ARE MANY FELLERS IN THE wmto-collar LEA6UE WHO DONT EVEN KNOW WHAT THE SCORE IS. "YOU BET IM BUYING A FORD V-B andi Sty:.. "T?IRST, because it is a V-8 and the only one under $2300. That means J; fine car performance at low coat Q Next, because of the Ford safety features—welded, all-steel body, safe mechanical brakes, safety glass all around at no extra cost and 6.00 x 16-inch air balloon tires. Why, the extra value features at no extra cost in the Ford amount to a good many dollars. QI like its big ear roominess, its style and its ‘luxury car’ com fort. You ride cradled between the axles on a 123%-inch springbase. Best of all, I like Ford V-8 economy. The 1935 Ford V-8 is the best car Ford ever produced and the most economical. It’s got everything I could want in a modern car. You bet I’m buying a Ford V-8.” *49 5°° AND VP, P.O.B. DETROIT E«»r tenna through Un !.«•! Cnht Co. Tfco "YOU BET HE IS BUYIN6 | A FORD V*8 andfctu. Why".. »T am NOT so much interested In what’s under the hood— though, of I course, I know a V-8 engine gives smoother performance. Whatlwant is a ear that’s easy to handle. Yon can drive the Ford V-8 with your finger tips and so lift* effort is required on the brakes. It is really fun to drive the Ford V-8. QI want a car that gets yon there and back without trouble and I want a ear that’s comfortable in the back seat too, because the chil dren and I often ride there. Fords have always been dependable and as for comfort and roominess, the new Ford V-8 rides like, the most expensive cars, qi appreciate their thoughtfulness in providing an all-steel body and safety glass all around—every mother does. QI want a car that’s correctly and beautifully styled inside and out and theFord V-8 certainly suits me there. QThey tell me Mr. Henry Ford says the Ford V-8 Is not only the best Ford ever built but the most economical—and that's enough for me. QYou bet Jim is going to buy a Ford V-8.” Alleghany Motor Sales, Sparta, N.C.
The Alleghany News and Star-Times (Sparta, N.C.)
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July 25, 1935, edition 1
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