A? Caleb Johnson*
THE SEED FROM WHICH GREW THE CONSTITUTION
Somehow the states struggled
through the first five years of the
Revolution under their loose and
ineffective alliance, centering in
the Continental Congress- In the
meantime, plans for a permanent
government were being debated.
Such a plan had been drawn up
in- 1776, immediately after the
signing of the Declaration of In
dependence. This plan was em
bodied in the Articles of Con
federation.
The Articles of Confederation
were ratified by the thirteen states
in 1781. The smaller states, New
Hampshire, Rhode Island, New
Jersey, Maryland and Delaware,
had held back, fearing that the
other states, all of whom claimed |
territorial rights extending west
ward to the Mississippi River,
would dominate by their mere
size. Massachusetts, Connecticut,
New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia,
both of the Carolinas and Georgia,
at last agreed to let their west
ward lands be carved up into new
states. The others then ratified
the Articles of Confederation.
Under this new form of gov
ernment each State remained com
pletely independent. Congress
could act only on:
1. Declaring war or peace, and
superintending the. conduct of
war.
2. Building a navy.
3. Controlling (diplomatic re
lations.
4. Coining money and emitting
bills of credit.
5. Establishing Post Offices.
6. Regulating trade with the
Indians.
7. Adjusting boundary disputes
between the States.
There was no executive auth
ority, no Federal judicial system.
The Congress could, if it desired
to, set up a court of appeal. No
vote could be carried in the Con
gress without the assent of a
majority of state delegations. On
all important measures the votes
of nine states were required.
This plan did not bring about
national unity. When the War
of the Revolution ended, in 1783,
the State of Great Britian signed
a treaty recognizing each of her
former American Colonies as an
independent State, but- gave no
recognition to the United States
as a nation.
In 1784 the. States claiming
Western lands, ceded 430,000
square miles, lying north of the
Ohio River, to the Congress.
(This Northwest Territory later
became the states of Ohio, In
diana, Illinois, Michigan and Wis
consin). In the meantime, how
ever, the government under the
Articles of Confederation had
practically collapsed. The Con
gress in 1786 reported the Fed
eration “broke,” with a debt of
$42,000,000 and no credit.
. The States had to work out
their own problems. Since there
was no Federal regulation of
commerce between the States,
each began to set up protective
; restrictions against goods coming
in from other states. This con
fused inter-state commerce situ
See Castevens Motor Co. for
radio batteries. tube* and ser
▼ice.—adv. tfe.
% TRUSTEE’S
North Carol
Alleghany Coumy.
pBy virtue of authority -
HI a certain deed of trust execut
ed by Alvin C. Edwards, deceased,
id wife, Etta Edwards, to the
_w trustee, dated April
1931, recorded in Book 18,
[a 188, Alleghany County Reg
y, securing to The Bank of
irta, the sum of $410.00, where,
default has been made and de
id for foreclosure having been
l will on Tuesday, August
1935, at 1 o'clock P. M., at
Court House door in Sparta,
Jty and state aforesaid, sell
the highest bidder for cash
following described real ee
Wbitehead Township, ad
_jig the lands of Asa Caudill,
E. Caudill, T. A. Edwards and
tors, and specifically described
deed from J. M. Brown and
to the. grantors, dated Feb
20, 1931, and recorded in
_ 39, Page 383, Alleghany
nty Registry, containing 42%
, excepting from said boun
about 10 acres, since con
to Charley Wooton and
July 6, 1935.
R. A. DOUGHTON,
fcT Trustee
MALARIA
in 3 days
COLDS
first day,
TONIC and
LAXATIVE
ation was the seed from which
grew the Constitution and our
Federal Government.
In 1785 the States of Mary
land and Virginia appointed dele
gates to work out a plan of regu
lating commerce on Chesapeake
Bay and the Potomac River. The
delegates met at the home of
General George Washington at
Mount Vernon, Virginia. They
came to a satisfactory agreement,
and proposed a meeting of com
missioners from all the Statesl to
work out a system of regulating
commerce between all of them.
A convention was called to
meet in 1786 at Annapolis. Only
five states sent commissioners.
The Annapolis convention asked
the Congress to call on all of
the States to send commissioners
to a convention in Philadelphia
the following Spring, “for the
sole and express purpose of re
vising the Articles of Confeder
ation.”
The call was made, and on
May 25, 1787, fifty-five delegates,
representing all the thirteen
States, met in the hall, under the
shadow of the Liberty Bell, in
which the Declaration of Indepen
dence had been signed eleven
years earlier, and drew up the
document upon which our Federal
Government rests and from which
it derives its powers, the Consti
tution of the United States of
America.
Next Installment: “The Con
stitution Drafted in Secret Con
vention.”
No Profit In That
“I don’t seem able to sell my
car for what it’s worth.”
“But why should you wish to
let it go at so low a figure as
that?”
San Pedro Sadie—Did that boy
tell you how much he loved you
last night?
Long Beach Dora—No, but he
went through all the motions.
Upturn
Warden (to Rector)—“I think
your congregation has turned the
corner. We’re getting a better
class of button in the collection
than we used to.”—Pearson’s
Weekly (London).
Drop A Wire To Roosevolt
A Swedish farmer who wanted
to make his permanent home in
this country appeared for his nat
uralization papers.
“Are you satisfied with the
general conditions of this coun
try, Mr. Olsen?” he was asked.
“Yahj sure,” answered Olsen.
“And does this government of
ours suit you?”
"Well, yah, mostly,” stammered
the Swede, “only I lak to see
more rain.” — Boston Evening
Transcript.
Tragic
“I understand,” said a young
woman to another, “that at your
church you are having such small
congregations. Is that so?”
“Yes,” answered the other girl,
“so small that every time the
rector says, ‘Dearly Beloved,’ you
feel as if you had received a
proposal.”—Lorain (Ohio) Jour
nal.
Nothing To Worry About
Overheard On the Beach—
“Mummy, may I go in for a
swim?”
“Certainly not, my dear, .it's
far too. deep.”
“But daddy is swimming.”
“Yes, deaf, but he’s insured.”
—Sporting and Dramatic News.
1 Heigh Ho, And Off To The F»ir Again
I_ ■■ ^
ANYWHERE, U. S. A.... Carivmns are on the move again through*
out the land as Americans head for the big fairs. Note the majestic
poise of 4-year old champion, “Don Triune Segis,” as he wends his way
toward the Los Angeles County Fair with Ynes Greene, Helen Cox, Jo
Boyle, Lillian Neuman, Angie Ficker and Helen BaubliU “six-timing"
the champ for a free ride.
On Washington Bench
1 - "
WASHINGTON... The District
of Columbia now has a woman
judge presiding in the Municipal
Court of Washington, D. C. She is
Judge Ellen K Raedy, whose ap
pointment has been confirmed by
Congress
Chevrolet Is
Name Of Town
In Kentucky
Detroit. Mich.. July 27.—There
are plenty of instances in which
an automobile has been named
after a town; but when a town
is named after an automobile—
well, that’s news.
At least, so thought, a tourist,
who, bowling over a fine stretch
of new highway a few miles from
Harlan, Ky., found himself in a
small coal-mining settlement and
noted a modest frame building
bearing the sign: “Post Office—
Chevrolet, Ky.”
Scenting a story, he explored
the place, which did not take
long, and then sought out the
postmaster, who obligingly gave
him the facts.
Up to a few years ago, his
informant explained, the Blue
Diamond Coal Company camp,
which is now the town of Chev
rolet, was inaccessible except on
muleback. Though only five
miles from Harlan, it might as
well have been 5,000, so far as
automobiles were concerned.
Mountaineers came in on foot or
aboard their long-eared mounts to
report “another auto stuck, trying
to get up-here.”
Then the town grew large
enough to need a postoffice. The.
subject of a name came up, and
it was agreed that the place would
be named after the first car seen
on its streets. And that is just
what was done. ,
Chevrolet now has 800 resi
dents. There are some 60 cars in
town. And, as might be expect
ed fully half of them are Chev
rolets.
It’s Odd
Kind Gent—“Do you know
what happens to little boys who
smoke?”
Small Boy—“Yes, I do. Why
every time they go anywhere to
have a quiet smoke, they get
bothered by rude old men.”—Bos
ton Evening Transcript.
LOOKING AT
WASHINGTON
(continued from front page)
farmers’ Congress in Washington
with authority to take over from
the President supervision of farm
debt relief agencies and give fairm.
ers large control over the Federal
Reserve Board, which is alleged
to have precipitated the farm cri
sis in 1920 by adopting a defla
tionary policy. Failing to get
sufficient funds to refinance farm
debts the measure provides for
$3,000,000,000 in new paper
money.
NEW DEAL IN COURTS
Legal contests over New Deal
policies attract considerable at
tention but the general feeling is
that the nation hasn’t seen “any
thing yet.” While the Adminis
tration has lost four Supreme
Court cases to a single victory,
and two out of three recent Cir
cuit Court decisions, there is no
sign thdt the President has any
intention of pulling his punch on
new legislation. He seems deter
mined to pass the laws as he
wants them and let the Court
nave its day when the measures
come to its tribunal for decision.
Ihat this will mean some unpop
ularity for the Court, if the meas
ures passed are popularly sup
ported and subsequently declared
invalid, cannot be denied.
Critics of the administration do
not hesitate to denounce this at
titude on the part of the Presi
dent, assarting that it is disloyalty,
to the Constitution itself, and
some of the more violent even
go far enough to suggest that the
President could be impeached for
violating his oath of office. Cer
tainly, the attitude of the Chief
Executive is sure to make an
issue next year of the Court’s
limitation on the power of the
Federal government. With the
Republicans raising the battle cry
around the Constitution, appar
ently as it is, the issue for the
coming campaign is clear, although
other issues will be heard from.
Reviewing the fate of the ad
ministration bills in the Federal
Courts one finds that the gold
clause cases gave the only victory
in the Supreme Court, which
found against the administration
in the oil control case, the (rail
road pension legislation, the NRA
and the attempted removal of
Trade Commissioner Humphrey.
Another decision upset the Fra
zier-Lumke farm moratorium
act. Three ma)or decisions in the
Circuit Courts went as follows:
one upheld the TVA, another up
set the processing tax and a third
denied the right of the govern
ment to condemn land for slum
clearance projects.
LONGEST SESSION
With Congress still going strong,
although adjournment may be ac
complished quicker than expect
ed, speculation exist* as to the
longest session of Congress and
the palm goes to the fl%oond ad
ministration of President Wilson
when the regular session, which
began December 3, 1911, ended
on November 21st, after the Ar
mistice. However, the longest
single sitting of Congress was in
Wilson’s first administration when
a special session dovetailed into
a regular session and Congress
was on duty for more than a
year and a half, or 567 days.
INQUIRY DISCLOSES FAKES
The merits of the- argument
about abolishing holding compa
nies have been lost in the testi
mony before the Senate commit
tee, brought out largely because
Repiresentative Driscoll, of Penn
sylvania, became suspicious when
he received an avalanche of tele
grams, most of them signed with
names beginning with the letters
“A," “B,” and “C.” Investigating
five oases showed that some of the
“signers” had not sent the mes
sages and then the story unfold
ed when a telegram operator re
lated how a utility representative
of the Associated Gas and Elec
tric company wrote the messages
and signed them with names tak
en from a city directory.
This was followed by admission
that the company had expended
$700,000, which was in addition
to the $300,000 expended by an
other committee that many fake
telegrams had been transmitted,
that the records in the telegraph
office had been destroyed and that
officials of the company had dis
posed of all their own records to
get them “out of the way.” Of
course, denial was made that they
contained anything incriminating.
One official admitted that he had
instructed company managers all
over the country to destroy all
records of the opposition so they
would not be found in case of
investigation.
TV A GETS NEW LEASE
The TVA will continue to func
tion, unmolested unless the Su
preme Court upsets a recent Dis
trict Court decision upholding the
right of the government to create
the authority and to sell electric
power in competition with private
utilities. For some months the
TVA has been under attack from
public utility interests, stockhold
ers and Congressional critics, and
while the recent decision allows
* 1
COLUMBUS, 0.... K. M. Juuk
Lin (below), foster son of the
President of China end e Chinese
student at Ohio State U. hero, ani
his bride, Viola BroMtn, American
shop girl (above), are u a peck ait
trouble. Reports from homo Off
Lin is already married.
it to proceed with plans to serve
some municipalities, the full is
sue will not be disposed of until
the Supreme Court decides it
one way or the other.
TO AVOID NEW ISSUES
Congressional leaders last week
moved to avoid measures that will
indefinitely prolong the session.
They know that several of the
largest and most powerful lobbies
in Washington are planning drives
for various measures if anything
like an opportunity arises. They
know that there is much pressure
for additional legislation to help
labor, agriculture, the veterans
and other groups. For this reason
they sought to get through with
action on the most important
measures by putting them into
conference and then each house
would be in position to adjourn
for several days at a time rather
than stay in continuous session
and permit controversial matters
to'come up. By this strategy it is
hoped t« be in position toon to
set on conference report* and
finish up the tax bill without get
ting Involved in other legislative
undertakings.
Little Bill thought it would bo
quite an adventure to drink from
one of the drinking fountain*
which were found at frequent
intervals in the little city in
which he lived. Finally, one day
he was given permission to climb
up and help himself to a drink.
He took one short swallow, and
looked up in a most surprised
manner, saying, “Why, I didn't
suppose the water would be wilt
ed.”
"Would you mind walking tha.
other w’y and not passing the
’orhel” said a London cabman
with exaggerated politeness to the
fat lady who had just paid a mini,
mum fare...
“Why!” she inquired.
“Because, if*e sees wot’e’s been
carrying for a shilling 'e’ll 'avo
a fit.”—Toronto Globe.
NOTICE OF TRUSTEE’S SALE
NORTH CAROLINA,
ALLEGHANY COUNTY
By virtue of the authority and
power confered in a certain Deed
of Trust, executed to me as
trustee, by O. W. Marshall and
wife, Opal Marshall, dated May
8, 1934,: recoMfxl in Book 18,
page 198, Alleghany County
Registry, to secure the payment
of certain notes on which default
has been made, and demand for
foreclosure being made, 1 will
on Monday, August 26, 1935, at
1 o’clock P. M., at the Court
House Door in Sparta, N. C.,
offer for sale to the highest
bidder for cash, the following
described tract of lamdi
Adjoining the land* of J. K.
Andrews, C. C. Thompson and
others. BEGINNING on a lean
ing white oak, Harris corner,
and runs thence North with die
Harris line to a stake; thence
Northeast to the fence in J. K.
Ander’e lane; thence near Sooth
with his line to a stake in the
L, R. Jordan old line; thence
West with said Jordan lino to
a chestnut sapling on point of
ridge in the C. C. Thompson line,
thence near North to the be
ginning. Containing 23 acres,
more or less.
This July 27, 1935.
GEORGE CHEEK, Trustee.
4te-22AT
FOR
YOUR
*****
**u
LIGHTER - FASTER
This is our annual special
offer, to introduce the newest
model of the famous West
inghouse Adjust - o - matic
Iron. Take advantage of this
big saving! We will allow a
full dollar for your old iron*
regardless of make or condi
tion. .. even old sad; irons.
Northwest Carolina Utilities/ be.
George T. Robbins, Division Manager
BLOWING ROCK, NORTH CAROLINA
THE FACT FINDERS—and their discoveries
by Ed Kressy
t^*RV |