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KINGS MOUNTAIN HERALD, KINGS MOUNTAIN, N. 0. r ONLV UNARMED MERCHANT SHIPS OF PEACEFUL CHAR ACTER FREE. WILL GIVE NO WARNING Bernstorff Delivers Instructions to Lansing. Score of Incident Are Cited. New Ordere leeued. Washington. Germany has Instruct ed Count von Bernstorff to Inform the United State Government that the assurances regarding the future con duct of nubmarlno far fa re, given In the I.iisltanla and Arabic cases, Mill are binding, but thai they apply only to merchantmen! of a peaceful character. The German government la understood to contend that armed merchantmen have without regard to the nature of their armament abown themselves not to be peaceful and therefore arc sub ject to destruction without warning. The Instructions direct the German Ambassador particularly to tell Secre tary Lansing that Brltlah merchant men armed ostensibly only for de fense have not assumed the character of peaceful traders, but that on the contrary they carry guns for the spe cial purpose of attacking German submarines. To support this claim the Berlin Foreign Office has sent the Ambassador for presentation to the state department a list of at least 20 incidents where It la claimed British merchant ships have attacked sub marines. Confidential advices received from Berlin elate that German and Aus trian submarine commanders already have been given their new orders and that from midnight Tuesday, Febru ary 29th, they are authorized to sink without warning all armed mer chant ships of the enemies of Ger many, tt was said also that many of the submarine commanders probably had left their bases, of voyages and then even should the United States request the postponing of the opening of the campaign, (t would be Impos sible to get word to many of the sub marines, ft was stated, however, that ao far neither the United States nor any other nation had asked a postponement. MRS. LOUIS D. BRANDEIS f If i "in AGREE ON ARMY BILL. Regular Army With Peaca Strength of 143.000. Federalized Guard. Washington. A growing tendency to provide for a Federal army reserve In addition to the regular army and federalized national guard was manl best In both the house and aenate mil i Mary committees. Members of both committees aald they favored a prac tical test of the possibility of forming a federal volunteer army In peace times on lines somewhat similar to the continental army plan. The appa rent Intention to abandon the conti nental project wholly was one of the causes leading up to the resignation of Secretary Garrison. The house committee agreed upon the general terms of a bill It expects to get before the house In ten days providing for a regular army with so authorized strength of 143,000 men; a Federalized National . Guard which reach a fixed minimum strength of 424,000 In five years: adequate reserve systems for both of these forces; and organization of civilian training camps with wide discretion reposed In the war department as to the terms of en listment, training and government. Mrs. Brandela la the wife of tha emi nent lawyer whom President Wilson ha (elected to fill the vacancy on the Supreme court bench. THE ENURE NAVY SYSTEM AT FAULT ADMIRAL WINSLOW CITICIZES WORKINGS OP SYSTEM BE FORE COMMITTEE. WOULD TAKE FIFTY YEARS WILSON DEMANDS RIGHTS CONGRESS FAVORS WARNING AMERICANS TO STAY OFF BELLIGERENT SHIPS. . Wilson Addresses Gridiron Club. Washington. -President Wilson told member and guests at a Gridiron Club dinner that America ought to keep out of the European war "at the sacrifice of everything except this sin gle thing upon which her character and her history are founded, her sense of humanity and justice." The address was confidential, since the speeches at the dinners of the Gridiron Club, composed of newspa per correspondents, are not reported. It waa made public, however, with the consent ofthe president and the club, because many of those who heard it urged that It should go to the country. Leadera Hop to Continue to Give Executive Free Hand In Dealing With Grave Problem. Washington. Agitation in Congress for action warning Americana off arm ed ships of the European belligerents suddenly grew to such proportions that the Democrat of the foreign re latione committee voted to canvass the sentiment of the house on sev eral pending resolutions of that nature. Sentiment In the aenate In favor of some such action, also waa openly ex pressed, but at the end of a day of aurprlsea, tension and agitation, such as had not been seen in Congress In some time, the word came that Presi dent Wilson still waa unalterably op posed to any such action by congress and believed that he would only be embarrassed thereby in the negotia tions with Germany. . To widely circulated suggestions that the situation had reached a point where the president would lay it be fore congress, that Secretary Lansing might In some way define the attitude of the government In a communica tion to Senator Stone and that a time had been fixed within which the United Btatea would expect Germany to signify her intention to abandon the announced intention to sink armed merchant ship without warn ing, the uniform statement waa made officially that nothing had been de termined upon, and that the situation though grave, still was a waiting one, that no final position would be an nounced until Berlin waa heard from. The sudden development at the capltol brought surprise and appre hension to the administration leadera. While confronted with the possibility of congreeeional Interference with all Its grave aspects ranging from a de fection from the administration policy to downright embarrassment of the president and the secretary of state, the leader were confident they would control the situation and leave the ex ecutive branch of the government free to carry on diplomatic negotiations with Germany. NO PEACE, DECLARES ASQUITH Dover Mlnea Sink Ships. Dover. The steamship Maloja, a 11.431 ton vessel, struck a mine and sank within a half hour two mile of Dover. More than 40 person were ddowned or killed as a result of the accident. The Maloja left' Tilbury only the day before for Bombay with mails, 110 passengers of all classes, and a crew numbering about 200, most of them lascars. Other passengert were to Join the ship at Marseilles. Another ship aiding in.the rescue work was also sunk. : , Flood Refugee Suffering. . Natchez, Miss. Cold weather, rain and aleet added o the suffering of the flood refugee in Tensaa and Con cordia parishes and those In the back country as well. Temporary shelters, crudely constructed from driftwood and lumber cast off by levee .workers, have been built by refugees along the river, mostly negroes. - More appeal for clothing and material for build ing huts were expected by the Natchez relief committee. Very little relief 1 axpoctd within a week.:.,;,,, a.m.. War Will Continue Until Rights of Small Nation Are Secured. London. Premier Asqulth found himself unexpectedly face to face In the house of commona with a new de mand for the government's views on peace. He took up the gauntlet al most eagerly and In a bristling 15-mln-ute speech made It clear that the Brltlah government's determination to carry the war to the end without com promise had not abated a Jot or tittle since the early days of the struggle. The only terms of peace Premier Asqulth offered to the enemy coun tries were contalneo. iu 'he historic announcement which wat, the out standing feature of his speech at the London Guild Hall In November, 1914, which he repeated: "We shall never sheathe the sword, which we have not lightly drawn, un til Belgium and I will add, Serbia recover in full measure all and more than they have sacrificed ; until France Is adequately secured against aggression; until the rights of the small nations of Europe are based upon an unassailable foundation and nntll the military dominance of Prus sia is wholly and finally destroyed." Ten Thousand Persons Need Food. Natchez, Miss. Approximately 10, 000 persons, mostly negroes, In the flooded district of northern Louisiana are in need of assistance, according to Mayor M. Davidson of St. Joseph. The negroes who conduct their own farm are reported to be suffering the most, while comparatively few white planters are able to care for their ten ants. Planters and citizens of Newell ton. said-Mayor Jacoby over the tele phone, are of the opinion that Govern ment aid should be given the flood victnms there.;.,' :;:!".'-.;J,-f;.i:.'Si:- - Without Radical Chang. Would Tak long Tim to Produce Efficient Fighting Fore. Washington. The United State navy' whole system of government and operation, from education of offi cer to queatlons of ship and gun con struction, was sharply criticised before the house naval committee by Rear Admiral Cameron McR. Wlnsiow, commander-in-chief of the Pacific fleet. Without radical changes, the admiral declared, a fully efficient fighting force comparable to the British navy could not be produced In 60 years. The witness said the system of education at Annapolis Naval Acad emy was wrong and urged restora tion of the old grade of midshipmen In the fleet. Boys should enter the ser vice at from 14 to 16 years of age. he I said, spend two years in preliminary schooling ashore, then go to sea to ac quire the 'sea habit" from actual con tact with things of the sea before com pleting their educations ashore. The polytechnic education now given midshipmen at the Academy is utterly nnsulted, the admiral declared, to the training of men to handle ships and combinations of ships at sea, He could see no value to be gained from making all navy officers experts In higher mathematics, and thought con structors, engineer, and ordnance ex perts, should be trained aa specialists and never be called upon to command ships. From the days boys entered the academy, he aald, a system of selec tion should be applied to govern pro motions, eliminating men unfitted for the daring, nerve-racking tasks that would be theirs in war. He added that fellow officers should determine these qualifications and that a plan of this sort was being worked out by the navy department. With two opposing fleets sweeping toward each other over the sea for an action to be carried out at a speed of 20 knots or more, the admrial in sisted, there would be no time for hesitation by any ship commander. He told of how be trained a squadron of four dreadnaughts he commanded two years ago until his orders were carried out within six seconds of the time he gave them, 60 manuevera being carried out In a single forenoon. W. W. VENABLE 1 ' 4 ' -' T I I M --"ft- A ailZ'.;'' ' W. W. Vnabl, who fill th chair In the house of rcpreuntatlvs left va cant by th death of Congressman Wltherspoon of Mississippi, wa alact d on a "preparedness" platform and already has msde a speech warmly ad vocating adequate national defense. Mr. Venahle was born at Clinton, Ml., September 25, 1880. He wa circuit Judge for th Tenth Judicial district of hla state before he went to Washing ton. H did not take hla ast until th middle of January. NEW BRITISH MINISTER WILL HAVE IN CHARGE THE BLOCKADE AND ORDERS-IN-COUNCIL. GERMAN ATTACKS CONTINUE. Object of Great Onslaught 1 Great French Fortress of Verdun. London. Along the front In the re gion of Verdun the Germans and the French continue the great struggle which began several days ago with the Germans on the offensive and their aim evidently the great French fort ress of Verdun. , Notwithstanding a heavy fall of snow the Germans to the north of Ver dun have attacked with what Paris terms unprecedented violence and with large, forces, French positions at sev eral points but according to the French official communication the at tacks were without success. Especial ly has this been true at La Cote du Polvre, about four and a half miles north of the fortress, the attainment of which would give" the Germans a good vantage point from which to operate against Verdun. The artillery on both sides along the entire battle front Is keeping up an incessant bombardment of oppo sing positions. So Intense are the detonations of the big guns that the sound of them has penetrated east ward to the left bank of the Rhine in Rhenish Prussia. Heavy casualties are being Inflicted by both sides and the Germans claim that they have taken many prisoners the aggregate at last reports total ing more than 10,000. Justice Kelly Defend Brandets. Washington. Louis D. Brandels' part In the New Tork and New Eng land Railroad litigation In 1892 was defended before the senate sub-committee investigating Mr. Brandels' fit ness to be a supreme court Justice by Judge Kelly of the New York supreme court, who employed him. Those op posing Mr. Brandels charged that he had been employed to wreck the road. "Mr. Brandels wa not employed to wreck the road," Justice Kelly told the commitee. "It was already wrecked." Oppose Comoi'lwry Training., TWfoit Mich The department of suneHntendence of the National Edu cational AssoMMion at Its closing ses sion here we"t oh record as onnoed to rommiliio'-v mf"'w tuning In the nnwic aehpn' The e'nto", how- eve' favor1 whpv"'"' the fi wirlB11 ob" wbn wt,',,, fii-,-relve mi"t" - cla? ' i ' ' ed ' " ' ? . -.. :. : . " tMi f1 ;.,; . '?v ;' i'T;1., ..; :J' . '..; Will Administer Order-ln-Councll and Handle Trad Passing In and Out From Neutral Countries. London. The government through the Marquis of Landsowne, announc ed in the House of Lords that it had decided to turn over all .matters con nected with the blocksde of Germany to one man who wuold rank as a full- fledged cabinet minister. It is under stood that the new poet will go to Lord Roberts Cecil, who since the forma tion of the coalition government has been under secretary for foreign af fairs. He will retain this post Joining the cabinet as blockade minister. The new minister will be charged with the administration of the order-in-council regulating the blockade, as well as responsibility for the general policy and practic? of the government with respect to trade passing Into or from neutral countries. . Lord Robert Cecil Is a lawyer of wide experience and a young man, a members of ths British cabinet go. In the foreign office he has been inti mately concerned with the blockade operations, particularly In their rela tion to the complicated matter touch ing belligerent and neutral rights. HI elevation to the cabinet will give the Unionists another representative In the coalition counsels. The whole question of the blockade was threshed out at considerable length in the house of lords this even ing. Baron Sydenham and Baron Beresford making the principal ap peals for a stricter blockade, while the Marquis of Landsowne and Baron Buckmaster defended the government It was Baron Beresford's maiden speech in the house of lords and his plea was , spirited and epigrammatic. FLEET THIRD IN POWER. Admiral Badger Thinks United States Fleet Occupies Third Place. ' Washington. The object of the building policy formulated in 1903 by the navy general board,' It was dis closed before the house naval commit tee, was to keep the United States ahead of Germany In the race for na val supremacy. The statement waa made by Rear Admiral Charles J. Badger, a member of the general board, who explained that the policy had contemplated a fleet of 48 first Una battleships by 1911 to accomplish its purpose. . The statement did not go into the record, of the hearing and Admiral Badger did not amplify it to show why the board had thought such a cause necessary. The admiral was re plying to a suggestion that the ob ject of the old policy, abandoned this year by the board for the Unit time, was to keep the American navy in sec ond place. While that was the effect it had, he said, the real object waa to keep ahead of Germany. . . t BATTLE IN FRANCE GERMANS AND FRENCH ENGAGE IN ONE OF THE GREATEST BATTLES OF WAR. FRENCH LINES NOT BROKEN Qarmans Fo.cs Baok French Wings. Faroclou Onslaught Continuous. Heavy Toll Both Side. London. inspired by the presence of their Emperor and led by Crown Prince Frederick William, the Ur nian troops are engaged in one of tha greatest battles of the war on the Western front centering around t.ie fortress of Verdun. Attack has fol lowed attack against the French llr after bombardments, incessant auil terrific, continuing for several days. While the Germans nave been uu able, despite the rsln of shells anc ferocious onslaughts by the Infantry to break the French line, neverthe less the French on their right ana left wing have been compelled tu withdraw their line, respectively to the south of Ornes snd behind the town of Samogneux, six miles north of the fortress. Only between Malancourt and the left bank of the Mouse has there been and diminution in the intensity of the artillery fire. With Brabant, Haumont and Samogneuv and the wooded sections north and northeast of Beaumont, in their possession the Germans from the Mouse eastward to Fromezey are forcing the fighting, seemingly regardless of cost of life. The French guns have answered the German guns shell for shell and the casualties on both sides are very great. The French official report de scribes the battlefield between the Meuse and Ornes as piled with Ger man dead. In Champagne at aeveral points, and in the Argonne Forest German works have been pounded by the concentrated fire of the French guns, while in Lorraine, the French repuls ed a German reconnoiterlng party that attempted to capture a French post north of St. Martin. On their end of the line near Hul- luch, the British exploded a mine and occupied the crater and also bom barded German trenches near Freling hien and Boesinghe, PACIFIC FLEET EASY VICTIM. Admiral Wlnsiow Says One Battleship Could Capture All. Washington. While the House Mili tary Committee was taking steps to ward getting its bill for increasing the regular army and federalizing the National Guard before the house with in ten days, th Naval Committee was being Informed by Rear Admiral Cam eron McR. Wlnsiow that the entire Pacific fleet might be an easy victim for one good enemy battleship. ' Admiral Wlnsiow said the force un der his command was wholly Inad equate, even with all its reserves cal el out, to meet any probable enemy In the Pacific. Navy department plans for meeting an emergency there or In the Atlantic however, he said were confidential matters of strategy. Testimony of Brig. Gen. William Crozler, chief of army ordinance, be fore the fortifications committee, re vealed that the war department plans for coast defense contemplate placing the heaviest pew fortifications at the mouth of Chesapeake Bay, which he described as one of the several places where "facilities for land operations are so good that it is worth while to especially fortify them to prevent that operation." At other points, such as Rockaway Beach, New York and San Francisco, he said 16-lnch guns mount ed In turrets would be added to the batteries; . ; Bank of Essen Falls. London. A dispatch to the Ex change Telegraph Company from Zur ich says: "The failure of an Important bank, at Essen, Germany, Is announc ed. It Is believed many Krupp work men lost their savings." Franols Accepts Russlon Post. , - Washington. David R. Francis, sec retary of the Interior in - Cleveland's cabinet, and former governor of Miss ouri told President Wilson he would accent the post of ambassador to Rus sia to suceetd George T.'Marye, who bus reslrrned His nomination will be to the senate as soon aa Inquiry , ' to- -1 of the Russian govern ,. .. -father he is acceptaMs p' ;" . illed on the president with Sector Reed ' ' he wt!r nfer w'tV, ;. ;n; t boot his. An"? Munition Train Attacked. Seattle, Wash. Attacking a Great Northern freight train loaded with automobiles and war supplies for ship ment to Russia from' Seattle, in the Northern Pacific freight- yards here six or eight men cut tha air hose be tween car in five places, and cut the train in four sections. The train crew fought them aft and captured two who gave the names of Sam Husky and John Ross, and their nationality as Australn. Officials said it was known that the train carried supplies for Russia. '-. ':, Emperor William With Army. London. Emperor William has es tablished his headquarters at the Ger man positions facing Verdun, accord ing to information received from Ber lin by The Evening News by way of Copenhagen. 'V '' ' The dispatch which is dated Feb ruary 23 says: "It Is reported' that the Emperor Is more energetic, than even, making daily speeches, to the rjroops and encouraging the soldiers -ot to yield. His Majesty is mainly ""wired at present with a desire to ;.p.4,tb:.,.ench.ariny at any, bpsi-J'. THE EUROPEAN WAH A YEAR AGO THIS WEEK Feb. 28, 191S. Germans advanced west of th Vosges, forcing French back four mils. ....... French took many German trenches In Champagne. Ruaaiana continued sucemful at tack along whol wtrn front Turks avaouaUd Slnal peninsula, German embassy at Wsshingtosj March 1, 1918. Two German corps defeated at Priasnysz. Ossowetz bombarded by Ger mans. V Turkish force under ' Easad Pasha massed on Asiatic Side of Dardanelles. 11 ' .'. Norwegian steamar rammed oft English coast. Premier Asqulth announced al lies would cut off Garmany from all trade with rest of ths world. Hsmhuro-Amerlcan line officials in New York indicted for conspir ing against U. S. March 2, 1915. British gained ground near La Basses. Russian won Dukta pas and took 10,000 German near Przas nysz. Austrisns wers defeated nar Stanislas but gained in ths Car pathians. Russlsns shelled Czernowltx. American Red Cross ssnt sup plies snd nurses to 8arbls and Gar many. March 3, 1915. Russians advanced from the Nlt- i.ien and th Dniester. Austro-Germsns driven back In Gallcla. Germans demolished two Osso wetz forts. Russians defeated Turks In the Caucasus. Allied fleet silenced three Inner forts of Dardanelles. Germany modified relief ship rules. Hesvy fighting nesr Basra, on Persian gulf. Msrch 4, 1915. Hard fighting In th Vosges. In Melancourt wooda German prayed French with burning oil rnd chemical. Ruaslana checked Auatrlan drlvs In Bukowlna. German submarine U-8 sunk by British destroyers. Allies begsn landing at 8eddul Bahr, Dardanelles. March 8, 1915. Germans were checked at Raima. German armies in north spilt up by Russlsn advances. , Turks abandoned campaign against Egypt. Allied fleet bombarded 8myrna. Germans aunk French ammuni tion ahip at Oatend. Zeppelin raid over Calais failed. Zeppelin L-8 wrecked near Tlrle- mont. ; March 8, 1915. Ruaaiana attacked in center of eastern line and gained In North Poland. - Austrian gave ground In Eaat Gallcia. British warships battered Dar danelles forts, destroying one. Asia Minor porta shelled by al lies, Smyrna fort being allenced. Allies' landing party on Dar danelles suffered severely. Shipping Pigs In Baskets. ' The lot of domestic animal In the Eaat is not enviable, particularly when enduring transport from one place to another. Fowls are always sent to market with their lega tied, so that It ia Impossible for them to move, i.in pigs are transported In the Straits Settlements by steamer or barge, shipped singly In wicker work basket just large enough to take a single pig. In this cramped and uncomfortable po sition, for -the animal's lega are tied, making it nothing more than a living log, it i often shipped long distances. Water Is thrown over the animals and occasionally they are allowed to drink, but nothing is given them to eat Popular Science Monthly. - ; Banana Flour In United States. Banana flour sow Is being made oa large scale and la Imported to the United States from Porto Rico. It has added much to the wealth of the Island as well as giving the United States a new product for the table. " Worst Kind of Dust . Dust Is everywhere, but the worst kind of dust Is that which la Mnflnui within the four walls of a room. The oust is always germ laden, because It Is infested with affata mattar Kmm off by human bodies, . . , . -.- - ; .... :::: .... ..;-' tami-i;
The Kings Mountain Herald (Kings Mountain, N.C.)
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March 2, 1916, edition 1
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