.... So Are Th@ Polk®
Militants Are Closing Ranks
NEW YORK (NPI) - Negro
militants across the nation are
drawing an increasingly tighter
circle around themselves, atthe
same time that police officials
of several cities are talking
more vigorously even of meet
ing racial disorders with brute
sorce.
Study after study of the angry
“Negro mood*' has revealed
greater emphasis on belli
gerence, solidarity and mili
tancy--especially among young
people. Aggressive action a
gainst government officials in
cluding President Johnson - is
being urged as never before and
“non-violence*' is said to be
losing favor among Negro youth.
This “no nonsense’’approach
to race relations is being equal
led by police and community of
ficials, who are just as heated
ly talking of “harsh application
of force’’ to put down any pos
sible disorders.
1 One study of Negro attitudes
found that more solidarity has
developed between the black
middle and lower classes, ac
companied by a decrease in re
lations between lower-class
Negroes and whites.
According to Allen D. Grin
shaw, associate professor of
sociology, Indiana university,
the greater solidarity resulted
from the “questionable prac
tice by the police and the Na
tional Guard’’ during the 1967
Detroit riots.
At the same time, he noted
there were no “significant”
clashes between Negro and
white civilians during the De
troit distrubances.
Rather, he averred, Negro
fury was directed at the * 'econo
mic power structure.”
The recent riots were, at
once, civic disturbances, racial
revolts and class assaults, he
indicated.
Negroes involved in the riots
were expressing their anger at
“whitey,” he said, adding that
some were concerned about
social slights and others, about
the more “nitty-gritty” issues
of job opportunity.
Another study disclosed a
mixture of “hope and anger.’"
Fortune magazine, which in
terviewed more than 300 black
people in 13 U. S. cities, found
that half of all those interview
ed were more angry than they
had been a few years ago.
While a half endorsed “non
violence” as a civil rights
tactic, a third approved of more
violent methods.
The picture, however, wasn’t
all lad. Three out of four felt
their condition was better than
It had been in recent years;
four out of five thought their
opportunities for jobs had Im
proved; and seven out of 10
said housing conditions had got
ten better.
A third study of racial
tendencies found that Negro
youths were increasingly veer
ing toward militancy.
The Southern Regional coun
cil, which interviewed 688 black
students in Atlanta, said it had
found widespread distrust of
whites and the likelihood that the
teenagers will turn out to be
even more militant than cur
rent black power spokesmen.
Only 51 per cent of those in
terviewed agreed with the state
ment that “nonviolence is al
ways the best approach” for
Negroes to use in obtaining
their goals.
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This statement, however,
could be misleading, as few peo
ple of any race, nationality,
or religton-except religiously
inspired pacifists would “al
ways” eschew violence).
Based on the finding, the
council declared that the next
generation of Negro teenagers
will probably not favor
“moderate means to gain
equality.”
“Confusion and transition”
will move tomorrow's Negro
teenagers to more forceful
means of obtaining their goals,
the biracial research organi
zation added.
The youngsters’ dissatisfac
tion with living conditions a
mong black people “hodes ill for
the future,” and could set the
stage for future rioting, the
council said.
An example of the young peo
ple’s angry mood was express
ed in the SNCC Newsletter, in
which Julius Lester, the or
ganization’s field secretary,
said President Johnson should
be made “to be afraid to leave
the White House.”
It was urged that the Presi
dent be spat upon, that the
windows of his car be smash
ed, and the car overturned.
“Thousands of people” will
take part In the action, Lester
hinted.
Another indication of mout
ing black fury was found in a
study of 585 Watts-area Ne
groes, disclosed by Thomas M.
Tomlinson, OEO psychologist.
Almost two thirds of those
interviewed see riotingas a Ne
gro protest rather than a hap
hazard, meaningless event, he
said, More than a third de
scribed outbreaks in ‘'revolu
tionary’l terms, he added.
At least 34 per cent -- and
possibly half —of those inter
viewed expressed sympathy
with the rioters, Tomlinson a
verred.
At the same time that a sul
len, closed-ranks mood was
reported among black people, a
comparable get tough attitude
was found among city and police
officials.
Two mayors gave evidence of
the “establishment’s” view of
threatened disorder when they
vowed to smash it before it
gets going.
Mayor Thomas J. Whelan of
Jersey City, N. J., described
effective use of force as the
way to prevent or control riots.
Urban outbreaks, he said, are
“caused not by social condi
tions but by agitators who hate
our country.”
And “swift, effective use of
force” is the way to put the
disturbances down, he said.
“The prior knowledge that
such force will be used may
very well constitute the great
est possible deterrant to a riot.
Anyone who touches a cop had
better be prepared to corns off
second best.”
In Chicago, Mayor Richard
J, Daley angrily responded to a
threat of disorder made by
comedian Dick Gregory, who
weighs but & few pounds more
than the British fashion modal,
"Twiggy. 1 '
After Gregory vowed to dis
rupt the Democratic National
convention, to be held in Chi
cago this summer, Mayor Da
ley retorted that the comedian
and others would not “takeover
any convention or any street or
any city,”
The mayor said he would have
5,000 more policemen employ
ed if needed, to keep order in
Chicago.
Miami’s Police Chief Walter
Headley got into the “no non
sense’"' act when he asserted
that his men have been Instruc
ted to react to violence with
gunfire.
“When the looting starts, the
shooting starts. Felons are
going to learn that they can’t
be bonded out from the mor
gue ’•
Meanwhile, police officials of
the nation’s 100 largest cities
were meeting in Washington to
plan ways of controlling civil
disorders this year.
It was reported that several of
the cities are planning get-tough
action if rioters take the streets
in 1968 as they did last summer.
Even President Johnson ap
peared to be joining the chorus
of “no nonsense in ’68.”
“A 'hot summer* like last
year’s will not be tolerated,’
the President said.
“Rioting and violence are un
lawful. They are not going to
be allowed. They don’t solve
the problem.”
GOINGS ON AT
Two Community
Action Centers
The Chavis Heights Com
munity Action Center is in
terested in volunteers to help
with the ongoings in the center
You may call 828-6326. The
office will be opened from
8:30 a. m. - 5 p. m. week
days and 9:30-1:30 on Satur
days.
This center is a referral
center. We make referrals
to agencies such as Adult
Basic Education, Rural Loans,
Small Business Loans, Work
Experience, Vi sta, Welfare
Dept., Family Services, Job
Corps, Grow, Inc., N. Y. C.,
Head Start, Vocational Re
habilitation, Mental Health
Center, Wake County Health
Dept., Home Extension Agen -
cy, Employment Security
Commission and to any other
existing agency.
The central problem is to
protect and restore man’s sa
tisfaction in belonging to a
community where he can find
security and significance,”
This is our purpose In the
community Action Center, We
urge your participation in the
center and its activities.
There are many advantages in
coming to the Center for this
information in your area of
needs.
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MIDWIVES, MODERN VERSION
A" '
Midwives, modern Version-Learning how to manage a delivers' is student nurse Aiyce Wattleton (right) In
course at Columbia Presbyterian Hospital, New York City. Registered nurses with this training can qualify
under new program to relieve acute shortage of doctor; in esses where there are no complications, despite
traditional bias against midwives as used in an unenlightened past. March of Dimes, which fights birth defects,
finds these specially trained nurses measuring up to highest standards in mastering modem techniques.
The purpose of the Com
munity Action program is to
help urban and rural com
munities to mobilize their re
sources to combat poverty.
Because community needs and
resources differ widely, con
siderable latitude is allowed
in the development and conduct
of a community action pro
gram.
A vital feature of every
community action program is
the involvement of the cul
turally deprived themselves
the residents of the areas and
members of ihe groups to be
served in planning, policy
making and operation of the
program.
The long-range objective of
every community action pro
gram is to effect a permanent
increase in the capacity of
individuals, groups and com
munities afflicited by poverty
to deal effectively with their
own problems so that they
need no further assistance.
We are faced with a non
federal share and this can be
supplemented with cash or in
kind contributions.
A contribution is treated as
“in-kind” if it consists of
the use of services or prop-
erty owned by or loaned to and letters rolling to her sup
us. The services of an em- port,
ployee of another agency for
example will be treated as a WALDROP NEWS
cash contribution if reim- p !e / oun £ Home-makers
bursement is made to theem- Club ot the Waldrop Communi
ploying agency, but will other- ' Action Center held its first
wise be treated as an in kind meeting of the year at 11
contribution. 1 o’clock Jan. 6, at Waldrop
If further information is de- community Action center. 15
sired please call or come by members were present. Juliet
the center. Munn and Cynthia Holder gave
The Director Mrs. Dorothy a demonstration on how to
Allen is very grateful to the make a coconut cake. Thefol
many telephone calls, visits lowing officers- were elected
Br own’s Property Management and Investment Com
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THE C&&OUNIAN
RALEIGH N. C., SATURDAY, JANUARY 13. 1967
American Tobmm Smd
hr Job Distrimination
GREENSBORO - A complaint
charging employment discrim
ination, was filed in U. S. Dis
trict Court here last Thursday
against the American Tobacco
Company, makers of Lucky
Strike, Pall Mall and Taryton
cigarettes and Corona cigars.
Attorneys of the NAACP Le
gal Defense and Educational
Fund, Inc. (LDF) asked for a
preliminary and permanent in
junction in behalf of six Ne
gro employees.
The LDF charged the Com
pany and Local 192, Tobacco
Workers* International Union,
AFL-CIO with “maintaining a
policy, practice, custom or us
age of discriminating” against
Negro workers.
Specific charges include:
* Negro workers have been
“denied equal opportunities for
promotions, transfers and on
the-job-training and have thus
been restricted to the lower
paving and less desirable jobs
traditionally reserved for Ne
gro employees of the Com
pany.
* “White employees of the
Company doing the same type
of work as Negro employees
are sometimes paid higher wag
es than said Negro employees .*
* “Some jobs held by Ne
groes are not classified as
skilled or semi-skilled where
as similar jobs held by white
employees are so classified.”
President - Debra Goodson;
V-President -.Sarah Loftin;
Secretary - Deborah Chavis,
The Young Home-makers Club
is open for new members.
All girls interested in this
group between the ages of 7-
15 may contact the Waldrop
Community Center at this
number 828-5275.
John W. Winters
& Company
For insurance, Rentals, Property Management,
Homes and investments
CALL US NOW!
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* One Negro worker “was
demoted to a lower-paying Job
because he filed a charge of
racial discrimination against
the defendants with the Equal
Employment Opportunity Com
mission.”
* “The custom and usage of
segregated toilet and locker
room facilities is maintained
not withstanding the withdrawal ;
of their racial designations,”
The workers based their
charges on grounds that the
practices betoig attacked are un
lawful under Title VII of the
Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Local 192, LDF attorneys as
sert, “has failed in its duty to
fairly represent plaintiffs” and
other Negroes and has “join
ed in the maintenance of a
policy, practice, custom or us
age of limiting these persons
to lower-paying and less de
sirable jobs.”
LDF attorneys include Julius
LeVonne Cham be r s of Char
lotte, and Jack Greenberg, di
rector-counsel, Robert Belton
and Gabrielle A. Kirk of New
York City.
sß,GoQWrangfe
WASHINGTON - The granting
of SB,OOO to Julius W. Hob
son, president of ACT, by Pre
siding Bishop John E. Hines,
has caused a wrangle to deve
lop among loctl Episcopalians.
Crux of the dispute is that the
grant, w’hich Hobson said is to
be used to pay off SIO,OOO in
legal fees incurred in court
battles with the District’s
school system—was made with
out conferring with diocesan of
ficials.
5