TUESDAY
New Gospel,
Lynette Hawkins i
leased her new albv
ing in the Light” *
See Page 6
»
A
OC
P
V"
i -J
U
Joining Forces
Dr. Paul Vandergrift along
with N.C. Public Television
joins forces to help students.
See Page 9
ms w Hi mi iv
Between 1889 and 1918,
according to an NAACP
study, over 2,500 African
Americans were lynched in
the United States. Although
white racists defended the
practice as a response to
(See THIS WEEK P10)
”
N. C. rs Semi-Weekly
DEDICATED TO THE SPIRIT OF JESUS CHRIST
SINGLE COPY Off
IN RALEIGH dLD0
ELSEWHERE 300
t acmg Harsn Keauties
Rami Violence Up On College Campuses
BY DR. MANNING MARABLE
An AnalyiU
In recent weeks, the media have
reported on what apparently is an
epidemic of racial violence and con
frontation. On college campuses,
white students have initiated “white
Legislature To
Mark Founding
Of A&T Campus
GREENSBORO—One hundred
years ago this month, the North
Carolina General Assembly
enacted a law chartering A&M
College, currently known as N.C.
A&T State University in
Greensboro.
The chartering date for A&T
was March 9, 1891. On Thursday,
March 7, the General Assembly
will honor the centennial of A&T
with a resolution and ceremony
in Raleigh.
This activity is one event of
A&T's year-long centennial
celebration which began on Jan.
9.
In a Charter Day convocation
on the campus on Tuesday,
March 12, the Rev. Jesse
Jackson, a 1994 graduate of A&T,
will deliver the keynote address.
A hill to establish a state col
lege for blacks was introduced In
the General Assembly by Sen. J.
Bellamy of Wilmington on March
S, 1891. The A&M Collee opened
later that year on the campus of
Shaw University in Raleigh, and
moved to Greensboro two years
later after that city provided
tll.000 and 14 acres of land.
From its original 37 students,
the university has developed into
a comprehensive land-grand col
lege with 6,300 students. A&T is
the largest historically black
university in the state and the
eighth largest in the nation.
The university has achieved
national distinction for its
academic and research pro
grams. The university ranks
third among the state’s 16
univerities in terms of annual
volume of research generated.
Over the years, A&T has
graduated a number of
distinguished citizens, including
Jackson; the late astronaut, Dr.
Ronald McNair; N.C. Associate
(See A&T FOUNDING, P. 2)
student unions,” designed to under
cut their universities’ commitments
to minority student recruitment and
affirmative action.
Politicians like Arthur J. Katzman,
Democratic city councilman in New
York City, and chair of the council’s
education committee, assert openly
that in contrast to “children of
European-born parents, there ap
pears to be no liking of learning”
among black and Hispanic children.
In Brooklyn, a jury convicts a
19-year-old white man for the brutal
murder of a black youth, Yusuf K.
Hawkins, but another jury acquits the
accused ringleader of the murder.
Newspaper editorials and televi
sion commentators across the coun
try have deplored the renaissance of
racial bigotry, but have done little or
nothing to explain to the American
people three fundamental facts: (l)
what is “racism,” and how is it
distinguished from ethnicity or other
forms of prejudice such as anti
Semitism; (2) what is the difference
between the institutional racism of
the Jim Crow era of Southern
segregation three decades ago and
the type of racial oppression which
exists today; and (3) what is the role
of the media in perpetuating the illu
sion of equality for people of color and
the reality of their exploitation?
Let’s begin by defining our terms
carefully. All Ameriacns belong to
one type of ethnic group or another.
Ethnicity comprises our language,
religion, tastes in music and culture,
family patterns, and our heritage to
Africa, Europe or Asia. Ethnicity has
been around for a long time, and feel
ings of ethnic pride should not be con
fused with bigotry.
“Racism,” however, is the
systematic exploitation of people of
color in the workplace, and tiie subor
dination of their culture and political
rights. Racism isn’t explained by
references to biological or genetic dif
ferences between blacks and whites.
It is a system which was deliberately
imposed ,on people of color to
facilitate their exploitation and
domination.
Unlike anti-Semitism, the an
tisocial discrimination against Jews,
African-Americans and other people
of color exDerienoe extreme subor
dination of the culture, denial of
political rights, and lack any institu
tional means to redress their lack of
power.
The media applaud the demise of
legal segregation, the signs reading
“white” and “colored” on
schoolhouse doors and at public lunch
counters. But they fail to point out
that racial exploitation still occurs in
the 1990s, but under a more covert
and sophisticated manner.
A few token blacks and Hispan'cs
fSee RACE. P. 2)
Federal Lawsuit Filed
BOWEN FAMILY SEEKS JUSTICE
Shooting
Incident
Reviewed
The family of the late Sidney
Bowen filed a lawsuit in federal court
in Wilmington against a state trooper
who fatally shot Bowen a year ago in
February 1990.
The 42-year-old Bowen, a former
mayor of Bolton, was shot about five
or six times in front of his Columbus
County home on the night of Feb. 27,
1990 by Trooper A1 Morris. Trooper
Morris was attempting to stop Bowen
for suspected drunken driving.
Following the incident, the Highway
Patrol said Morris acted in self
defense when he shot Bowen, who had
. struck the trooper with his own
flashlight. A trial was held and a
grand jury later acquitted Trooper
Morris on all criminal charges.
The lawsuit, filed on behalf of
Bowen’s estate, his disabled widow,
and two minor children, alleges that
State Highway Patrol supervisors en
couraged Trooper Morris’ “curbside
justice” and that the trooper was
rewarded for his “excessively ag
gressive and violent practices” by
praising him as the “high-ticket
man” and giving him an unmarked
car. The suit seeks compensatory and
punitive damages and names
Trooper Morris’ immediate super
visors: sergeants C.I. Stroud, J.M.
(See BOWEN FAMILY, P. 2)
DOWNTOWN EAST TASK FORCE-Recently in a meeting
held In the Raleigh City Council Chambers the task force
received and discussed the city's plans relative to
community redevelopment, the downtown east plan,
relocation of Helping Hand Mission, and redevelopment of
the New Bern/Edenton Street corridor. The task force also
discussed problems with Genesis I and II single-family
housina. John Greene, chairperson, states “it is important
that citizens attend their CAC (Citizens Advisnry Council)
and other meetings to give initial input into various city
plans.” Pictured left to right are: John E. Stokes, J. B.
Aden, J. E. Williams, Rev. Ronald Swain, Mrs. Mary Poole,
John Greene, John Carlton, Everett Whaltey of Founders
Row, Peter Anders, William Perry, Alber Scott and city
officials. (Photo by James Giles, Sr.)
N.C. Children Need Help, Improved
Services, General Assembly Funding
Although the state’s pediatricians
say they appreciate the effort North
Carolina lawmakers have made to
improve child health care, the state’s
children still need more help during
the 1991 legislative session.
This was the message at a
Legislative Symposium sponsored by
the N.C. Pediatric Society and the
N.C. Child Advocacy Institute recent
ly. State and national child care ex
perts gathered to discuss issues such
as immunizations and vaccines for
children, corporal punishment and
health insurance policies that include
preventive health services for
children.
Part of the discussion focused on
forming a closer partnership between
the public and private sectors to im
prove child health care.
“Many parents are forced to take
their children to public health depart
ments for immunizations because
they are too expensive in a private
physician’s office,’’ says Dave
Tayloe, Jr., M.D., a Goldsboro
pediatrician and chairman of the
Pediatric Society's legislative com
mittee. “This escalates the public
health departments' costs and
decreases the overall efficiency of the
state’s immunisation effort.”
The Pediatric Society has asked the
(See CHILD CARE, P. 2)
Inside
Africa
The United States is commuted to a
long-term partnership with the na
tions of Africa to improve health
status and child survival, HHS
Secretary Louis W. Sullivan said
following a seven-nation mission to
Africa for President Bush.
“In each country we visited, we had
very fruitful discussions with heads
of state, health ministers, health pro
fessionals and hundreds of other in
dividuals who are concerned with the
welfare of Africa’s children,’
Secretary Sullivan said of his 15-day
trip.
“This mission was not just a one
time effort. It is part of what we con
sider will be a long-term effort to
work with our colleagues on the
African continent to help improve
child health and to confront the
frightening epidemic of AIDS which
is striking so many African nations.'
President Bush announced at the
United Nations World Summit for
Children in September 1990 that he
was sending Secretary Sullivan and
the administrator of the U.S. Agency
for International Development, Dr.
Ronald W. Roskens, on the special
mission to Africa. He asked them to
examine what additional steps the
United States and others can take to
improve the health of children in
Africa and around the world.
In meetings with six heads of state,
Secretary Sullivan conveyed U.S
support for democratization and free
market economies in African nations
In a meeting with South African state
President F.W. de Klerk, Dr. Sullivan
reiterated President Bush’s in
sistence that apartheid be dismantled
before U.S. economic sanctions can
be lifted.
In Uganda, President Yoweri
Museveni said that Secretary
Sullivan, as an African-American
‘ ‘can act as a bridge to Africa” for the
United States. “We should be proud
that the [American] minister o<
health is also an African,” Museveni
said.
(See INSIDE AFRICA, P. 2)
Dropout Prevention Efforts Pav Off
Even though the problems facing
North Carolina’s children grow more
serious every year, schools and com
munities are doing a better job of
working together to help children.
One of the most comprehensive of
the school/community partnership
efforts is resulting in a decrease in
the number of students dropping out
of school each vear.
The number of North Carolina stu
dent dropouts in grades 7-12 declin
ed from 24,3«7 in 1988-89 to 23,000 in
1989-90.
Planned strategies for keeping
students in schools, along with the
resources provided by the Basic
Education Program
HISTORY PROGRAM- Speakers at the Raleigh Nursary
School annual Black History Program Included, from left to
right: (1) Anita Daniels, vlcaproeidoat of Community
Resources at United Way (2) Lawrence C. Lindsey, Jr.,
Adult Probation and Parola Supervisor in Wake County (3)
Haris Sanders, Wako County Public School Teacher and
parent of a son enrolled at RaMgh Nursery School (4)
Reverand Richard E. Wimberly M. Clinical Chaplain Central
Correctional Center Raleigh. Also seated Valerie K.
Lindsey, Staff Coordinator tor the event and teacher at the
school. Standing Brenda High Sanders, Executive Director
of Raleigh Nursery School. Raleigh Nursery School is a
United Way Agency.
under the school improvement pro
gram, Senate Bill 2, are giving local
systems much of what is needed to
help fight the dropout problem, ac
cording to State Superintendent Bob
Eth irldge.
H* said he believes {he intensive,
con^trehenslve efforts of schools and
communities to encourage students
to stay in school are starting to pay
off.
"Vhia la another of those times
when we had to face the farts. Far
••••**«# v» uut yuuiig people were tak
ing ‘he path of least resistance and
dropping out of school. Through the
efforts of counselors, specialists,
teachers, other school personnel,
parents and Interested citizens, as
wel as students, local systems hav
eput Into place programs and ser
vices to meet the needs of students
who felt their only choice was to drop
out of school. We must continue our
efforts to let every student know that
school is important and that the time
to leave school is on graduation day
with a diploma in hand.”
Etheridge also credits the Basic
Education Program, the state’s ma
jor reform effort begun in 1965, with
providing more than $90 million an
nually to local school systems to
spend on dropout prevention efforts
and students at risk, including staff
(See DROPOUTS. P. 2)
URBAN DEVELOPMENT-M*r« than 8,200 Black Americans have served In the
United States Peace Carps since Ns Inceptien in 1081. They pat their skis to
work In arena such as educattan, health, environmental awareness, urban
development, agriculture and steal business development. Mark White ol
Cleveland, Ohio teaches nwlh and science In Banwnda, Cameroon.