PAGE FOUR
fmrmfmr |k
VIKWPOINf
"SAVE” Has New Meaning
The public school mess concocted by Gov
ernor Hodges, Mr. Pearsall Mr Rodman and
friends becomes more and more of a Hodge
podge. The latest angle, is the Governor's
statement to the effect that the people (mean
ing the white people, of course) of North Car
olina will be willing to pay whatever it takes
to operate private schools which msj have
to replace the public school system.
This may be true but it hardly seems likely,
and whether nr not it is so remains to he seen,
for the people have not yet indicated, though
there is s good chance that they, having been
misled by their leaders are ready to jeopardize
their school system by changing the state Con
stitution to open the way for private school
tuition grants and the closing of the public
schools.
More and more commentators are coming
forward to point out that educational chaos is
likely to follow if the Hodges Pearsall-Rod
man plan is adopted by the people of North
Carolina, It becomes more evident that it is
not necessarily true that the people will swap
their present system, of which they are justly
proud and have been for a good many years,
for something which no one has yet denied
will he inferior for the purpose than the type
of school system North Carolina already has
and which North Carolina pionered in work
ing out and adopting. It is not at all certain
that the maintenance of complete racial, seg
regation in the schools, which of course most
of the white people would prefer, is as valu
able as that to them
One of the more transparent tricks of lan
guage being used by the Governor and his
supporters to sell his plan to the people is
the one of calling it a plan to "save the
schools.” This is certainly patent mislabeling,
for one of the main features of the proposal is
to provide for the closing of the schools. The
slogan cannot be referring to saving the pri
vate schools, for there are practically none in
the state.
For the sake of honesty the Hodges plan
.should be plainly and clearly labeled for what
Not Bidding
We behave our government was right in can
celing the offer to the Egyptian government to
help finance the building of the Nile River
dam. The original offer involved $1,300,000-
000, But it Is not the saving we think of. unless
it is saving the dignity of the United States.
It is not only unnecessary for the United
States to bid against Russia in trying to buy
the friendship or favor of or good will of other
nations. It is true that 'withdrawal of our of
f*r may leave the Egyptians free to accept any
Further Explanation In Order
Yhe Raleigh New* and Observer in an edi
torial note appended to a letter-to-the editor
in which it was alleged that the newspaper
“favors integration” explains:
,! The News and Observer has not said it
Tavor* integration’* for the simple reason that
it does not favor it. It believes that the separa
tion of the races in the public schools can be
maintained substantially within the law, with-
Students Getting Ready
Encouragement: is to he found in a recent
report on tendencies of North Carolina youths
to continue their education beyond high school
graduation.
The report, released by the State Depart
ment of Public Instruction, dealt with results
of a survey conducted by Nile H, Hunt, co
ordinator of teacher education and brought
out, among other things, that the per centage
of Negro high school graduates entering col
lege in 1955 was greater than in the previous
ymsr while that of white students dropped.
Special Session Has Bright Side
However sternly we may oppose the pro
gram dealt with by this week’s special session
the General Assembly, the manner in which
it WM handeled has at least two heartening
aspects.
One wh the forceful and courageous roan
aer *n which reasonable minded white North
Carolinians came forward to express views
Which run counter to the highly touted “South
ern way of life.** One of the greatest handi
cap# to progress in the field of Southern race
relations heretofore has been the reluctance of
liberal-minded white, persons to risk public
criticism by taking the leadership In a just
approach to the problem.
Worthy of special mention in this connec
tion are Prof. Douglas B. Maggs. Duke pro
fessor of constitutional law; P. E. Bishop
THE CAROLINIAN
Published by the Carolinian Publishing Company, 518 E, Martin Street, Raleigh, N, C.
Entered as Second Class Matter, April 6, 1940, at the Post Office at Raleigh, North
Carolina, under the Act of March 1879. Additional Entry at Charlotte, N. C,
Subscription Safest Six Months $2.75 ...Ono Y&m $4.58
Pay obi o in Advance -Address all coamun i cat ion s and make all checks and money or
ders payable to THE CAROLINIAN.
Interstate United Newspapers, Inc, Hi Fifth A venae, It. Y. 17, N. Y, National Advertising Bepr*.
sentativa.
This newspaper Is not responsible for i/be return of unsolicited news, pictwoa, or advartUisg copy
! unless necessary postage accompanies the copy.
?. S. fEHVAY, Publisher
' Alexander Barnes Advertising & Promotion
Chas. Jones ... Nows & Circulation
E. E. Swain Plant Superintendent
J. C. Washington Foreman,, Mechanical Department
Mr*. A, M. Hinton Office Manager
MwMoti* expressed in pnbllslted In tbta newspaper a>« *ot aeeaaaartty Hum* es the pale.
j■ ■■ \ vmm - ~
it is: an attempt to detour around the Su
preme Court decision, and if that, fails, to give
up public schools rather than consider com
plying in the least degree with that decision.
The white people of the state have the right
to know what is in the offing if the amend
ments are adopted. The Negroes already know,
for they got the tip-off away back when the
Governor first advanced his Judicious pro
posal for voluntary segregation, pretending
he thought it could work. You haven’t heard
anything about that brilliant idea lately.
Governor Hodges and friends worked out
their later plans on the assumption that the
white people would give up public education
if necessary before they would permit any Ne
gro children in a public school attended also
by white children anywhere in the state, May
be Governor Hodges is right in that assump
tion but it remains to be seen. The Pearsall
Commission worked on the assumption that
the white people of the state would not sup
port a public school system which permits any
Negro children and white children to attend
a school together, not only in 1956 or 1957, but
in any forseeable future. We think this as
sumption is an ill-founded one. The vote
corning up in September may give some con
crete evidence that it was not sn ill-founded
assumption, but only if the people know what
they are doing: and they cannot know if they
are taken in by the “save-our-schools” dodge
of Governor Hodges and his meet-in-the
woods buddies while a state superintendent of
schools collaborates in a plan which provides
for the closing of the schools he is supposed to
superintend.
The Governor says that the woods meetings
will have saved time, It took a hundred years,
or nearly, to develop the school system of
which, until recently. North Carolina was so
proud, and justly so. The people of North
Carolina may just possibly feel that what it
took a bundrd years to build with so much
sacrifice and labor and thought is worth tak
ing some time to think about before deciding
it must be junked.
Russian proposal without interference, but
that is a risk that must be taken. But we know
already that good will cannot be purchased.
The offer of the United States was in good
faith, even though frankly our self-interest
was involved. We proved this by making clear
that we stand ready still to help Egypt; but
it was made clear also that we are not trying
to outbid Russia. We know that what we
could so obtain could not possibly be worth
the price.
out closing the schools.
‘‘The News and Observer is. however, op
posed to present proposals in attempetd evas
ion of or defiance of the law which would en
danger public education in North Carolina . .
The writer of the original letter probably
wonders how the two paragraphs above can
be reconciled. So do we. The editor’s note did
not go far enough.
The fugures ('2B per cent for Negro and S
for white students! are less than ideal among
either group, but the margin is narrowing; and
this, in face of the customarily greater eco*
nomic difficulties faced by most of the former,
seems to indicate » growing determination to
acquire the preparation necessary for success
ful competition in the integrated life that to
day’s youth almost certainly will live through.
It is to be hoped that the trend will con
tinue.
Richard H. Baker of Greensboro, represent
ing the North Carolina Council of Churches;
the. Rev, Morris Kidder of the Chapel Hill-
Carrboro Ministerial Association, and the 200
women of the P's A Congress who came from all
sections of the state to lend, moral support to
the anti-Pearsall proposal presented by their
president. Mrs. John Crawford of Raleigh.
Whatever effect their pronouncements may
have, on the pre-committed legislators. there
is little doubt that the thinking of many thou
sand citizens has been turned to more reason
able channels.
Opponents of both races were accorded free
opportunity to voice their criticisms of the
Hodges-Pearsall program—even when some
of them overran their time allotments—and
the lawmakers are to be congratulated for
their courtesy and patience.
THE CAROLINIAN
“But Africa Has Plans Os Her Own” ‘
* ,
CD. Halliburton’s M'S ‘
SECOND THOUGHTS J§|
The consumer boycott is a
device of limited effectiveness.
This Is especially true when
those employing it are not in
a position to exercise a very
considerable control over the
effective deni/and of the com
modity or service offered by
the person or persons to be
boycotted.
The unprecedented success
so far of the Montgomery bus
boycott has attracted much at
tention, and ti»e similar re
fusal of Negroes to patronize
the buses in Tallahassee seems
to have been as productive, at.
least, as the Montgomery ac
tion, since it forced suspension
(which may turn out to be
temporary' of all the local bus
service in that city.
But no less: an authority
than the Rev. Martin Luther
King, one of the principal
leaders of the Montgomery’
boycott, recognizes the limita
tion of the boycott technique
even in the lone field of local
public transportation. Speak
ing at the Race Relations In
stitute at Fisk University re
cently, Mr. King and other
experts expressed grave doubts
CAPITAL CLOSE-IIP
By CONSTANCE DANIEL
By CONSTANCE DANIEL
Crump Front
William E. Gerber, former
Boss Crump ax-man and Shel
by County (Tenn.) prosecuting
attorney, imported tty Congres
sional segregationists to probe
school integration In your
Capital, has started has opera
tions with a bang.
First-off, last week, Gerber
nailed for the names and ad
dresses of the four thousand
District school employees
teachers and officers so Shat
they could be questioned. Two
days later, he announced that
the questioning, (which, in
fact, had already begun via
D, C.’i appointed Commission
ers and Education Board mem
bers) would be extended to in
clude officials of the District
PTA (now very successfully in
tegrated), other citizens group
representatives, and two form
er Board members, including
Dr. Margaret Just Butcher.
Unofficial adviser to Gerber
ia a former long-time head of
the Citizens Federation, here,
(white parallel of the Negro
'•Civic'* Federation), a north
ern-born segregation leader in
the Federal City.
Questions Asked
Questions asked of Commis
sioners and School Board mem
bers included the effect of in
tegration on the schools, its
possible effect on juvenile de
linquency, comparative effiency
of white and Negro teachers,
classroom crowding and pro
posed construction.
Probe Staff Expanded
Gerber’s Davis Committee
(probe) staff has been expand
ed to include a Florence, S. C.
high school teacher, now study
ing at the University of Mary
land, who was named by Dis
trict Committee Chairman
John L. McMillan, also of Flor
ence. No hearings are to be
held before September. The
Federation of Civic Associa
tions (Negro by exclusion from
the other body) will seek to
testify.
Anti-IntegraUnit Line-Up
The anti-Integra,Mon line-up
aow appears to be; John L.
that a, transportation boycott
could be effective in larger
southern cities such as Bir
mingham or Miami The great
er travel distances in these
larger cities and the much
more formidable problem of
organizing and operating ade
quate car pools were mention
ed as among the factors which
would practically rule out. Un
kind of results in the bigger
cities that were brought about
in Montgomery and Tallahas
see.
Thinking of the boycott and
its possible application beyond
the narrow limits of transpor
tation .facilities in small cities
in which the majority of the
patronage is Negro, one does
not see many possibilities, ex
cept in isolated instances in
which it may be used against
individual businesses depend
ing heavily cm Negro patron
age, as for example, a neigh--,
boriiood store.
A more serious limitation on
the usefulness of the boycott
in general is the risk of repris
als in a situation in which the
initiators of the boycott are
the economic underdogs, ger,-
McMillan of S. C„ chairman
of the House Committee on the
District of Columbia, John Bell
Williams of Mississippi, Dis
trict Committee member who
proposed the school-probing
subcommittee, James C, Davis
of Georgia, subcommittee
chairman, Thomas Abernethy
of Mississippi, and Gerber,
hired to conduct the probe.
One Republican member. Joel
Broyhill. of Virginia, signed the
Southern manifesto opposing
civil rights legislation.
On the “Senate side” the
District of Columbia. Com
mittee Is chaired by the vet
eran Matthew M. ((Matt”)
Neely of West Virginia, an out
spoken friend of civil rights,
Senator Joseph Freer of De
laware, the only other South
erner on that Senate Com
mittee, is rated as '-friendly”
to CD legislation. No Integra
tion Inquisitions are anticipat
ed from this source.
N. Y. Rep. Hits CR Bill
The embattled south rose and
cheered on trie Floor of the
House, last Thursday when a
New' York Republican sponsor
of the CR bill offered a motion
to strike out the bill’s enacting
clause—life-line of ail prof
fered legislation.
The Congressman, William
E Miller of Niaara County. N.
Y., who served as an assistant
prosecutor at the Nazi war
criminals’ trials in Germany,
declared that he was acting
“in utter sincerity." His switch
was promptly parried by Mi
nority Leader Joseph Martin,
of Massachusetts, who warn
ed his Republican colleagues
against the consequences of
“following Southern Demo
cracy into the defeat of the
bill,” already weighted down
by serious and facetious a
inendments—most of them ir
relevant.
as we went to press, later
than usual, it seemed likely
that debate in the House would
continue into Saturday, with
death in the Senate Judiciary
Committee, or by filibuster on
the Senate YJwar. a foregone
eonalairion.
eraliy speaking. Obviously it
is a game at which the general
ly weaker side ran be beaten.
These times are peculiarly
fitting ones for the Negro to
use his really great economic
powers in a positive way, as
has been pointed out. by
George Schuyler and others.
This does not imply that this
power should not be used nega
tively when and where indicat
ed, in a punitive way; but: more
emphasis can certainly be
placed on supporting economic,
enterprises owned and opera t-- ,
ed by Negroes themselves and ,
those which are fair to Negroes (
in all aspects of their opera- .
tion. i
Not to be neglected are the ;
vast opportunities available for
the investment of money which .
Negro individuals and organi
zations control as capital, in
enterprises which, would fur- .
rush both profit for their own
ers and employment for Ne
groes, Too much of the Ne
gro’s growing economic poten
tial Is not being positively used
to his own advantage in a so
ciety in which money talks ,
very loudly.
Next Week
Carmen Jones (now playing i
here.', Ellender and Jazz, and
a Convention Look-Ahead.
By The Rev, Frank Clarence
Lowry . , . For ANP
DO YOU BELIEVE?
5. DO YOU BELIEVE that
God created man. the trees,
bird's, Cowers and bees, inserts
and the mighty elephant; and,
especially made it possible for
man to reach his highest devel
opment?
2. DO YOU BELIEVE God
scOrmed our places in the earth
to give rivers lakes, and seas
their required girth, and gave
vegetation f> place to spread so
that every living creature could
be amply fed?
3. DO YOU BELIEVE God
hung the earth out in open
space, giving it water from flee
cy clouds that resemble em
broidered lace; also fingered
the Sun, Moon and stars by Di
vine; arrangement that, both, day
and night, man with his sight
have perpetual light and con
tentment?
4 DO YOU BELIEVE then,
that while He did all of this for
others, He did it also personally
for you, and as your Master
promised always to be true
and left you a book of rules to
guide you safely through?
1). Yes, it is hardly believable
what He did place in store to
cure all human ills and His
riche* explore; then paid the
price that all men might live
. . . only demanding that to be
truly successful, men must
learn to freely give.
fi. If then you truly believe
God is real, and that no one
can really succeed who cheat*
WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JULY 28. 1956
Gordon Hancock ’s
for \NP
EDITOR’S NOTH i —Af
ter several months of ill
ness Mr. Hancock, returns
to writing Uis column,
which has been a regular
AM* feature for 15 years ■
THE OLD SOUTH SECEDES
AGAIN
The Old South is again in
Recession and what will !>■ i'u*
end results is not yet clear. We
know, however, that dire things
are in the offing And nifbo;.,'.
u may not be i-nother V»’sr
Rebellion, which the South has
succeeded in having called a
"‘War Between The i-ratcs
there is serious trouble ahead.
The bitterness so apparent in
the current, siauatioo cannot but
bring forth serious trouble soon
< r or later, some how or oth
< r. Nothing could be so unfortu
nate as for the Negro to unde. -
estimate the travail through
which he will be called 10 go.
Hut such is the way of those
who seek liberty.
Thu way i : liberty-love r Sms
been a Via Dolorosa Uuo.u:c
the centuries and it will not be
otherwise for the Negro.
The current fight for full ci
tizenship must be a fight on ail
fronts. Soon the Negro must
fight on the political front dur
ing the presidential election anti
the choice will be s grave one
Just whether the Negroes will
support parties or men is the
question. Too long the Nc-sr-%
committed himself to parties
and thus supported the Rcpa -
been Parly because it was un
der Ibis party that, he received
his emancipation. And it was
right and fitting that he should
have been grateful lor the gift
of freedom, which was his
through the instrumentality of
the Republican Party.
But long after the Republican
Party had lost the spirit of the
Emancipation. the Negro slav
ishly supported the Republican
cause with the emphasis on par
ty rather than personality.
Then came Franklin Delano
Roosevelt who, by his sheer ge
nius and vision, wrested the Ne
gro from the Republican Party
and made him into a thorough
going Democrat with all the
rights and immunities thereof.
By A .1. StGGINS. BRITISH
JOt KN VI,IST
QUO VADIS?-—A Question
Addressed to the American
Negro
LONDON. Eng. (ANP> One ,
reads Guannar Myrdal’s “An A
mencan Dilemma, ’ "Black. Me
tropolis,’' by Horace R. Clayton
and St. Clair Drake and seco-res
of other books yd articles by ex
perts an the American Negro
without actually discovering the
most important, fact about him.
That fact is expressed in my
title: “Quo Vadis Whither
goest thou?
From all "that one raft gather
from most books magazines ar
ticles and the newspapers, the
Negro is going all-out for inte
gration.
From Ebony I learn that fiO per
cent of Afro - Americans have
white blood in their veins
From writer Faulkner comes
the view that within 300 years
the Negro race will be absorbed
into the white race.
That seems to be an end simi
lar to that of the leemings. these
guinea-pigs like little animals of
Scandinavia ’which periodically
and for no apparent reason rush
into the ocean and perish by mil
lions.
IS THE AMERICAN NEGRO
CONSCIOUSLY RUSHING LEE
RINGG-LIKE, TO DESTRUC
TION IN AN OCEAN OP WHITE
BLOOD OR DOES HE HAVE A
PURPOSE AS A NEGRO?
That the question I want to
see answered. And it seems to me
to be an important one not or."
for the Afro-American but for Af
ricans everywhere.
One reads of near-whiles “pas
ring"' into white society in South
Africa as well as in U.B.A. Is that
the aim of every Negro? "Get sev
er. shades lighter in seven days”:
“straighten your hair in seven
days,” and eventually “pass”?
Other Editors
The Nashville Tennessean
WHAT’S WRONG WITH JAZZ
Members of the Senate ap
propriations committee have
carried an apparent distaste
for Jazz music and musician
too far by proposing a ban or;
government sponsorship of
any more jazz tours abroad.
News accounts of the tom
miUe's action say the senators
were “alarmed by the impres
sion of the United State? con
voyed by officially sponsored
tours of such performers as
Lore's Armstrong. Dizzie Gil
lespie and the like.”
Yet reports that came back
and steals; then you have the
combination to God's unfailing
safe, and its invaluable contents
will bring the coveted relief.
7. Surely you believe that the
TELEVISION is real, and that
the things you see and bear sic
far afield; but do you sense that
the elements that comprise br
myrterious parts come out of
God's air? Why then should
there be the slightest doubt in ■■
God docs hear and answer pray
(CONTINUED ON PAGE 5
1* so happened that the Negro
r-vade as faithful a Democrat as
a Republican and since the
coming of Roosevelt, he has
stood staunchly by the Demo
cratic standards with telling re
sults.
But with a presidential elec
tion in the offing, it is a matter
of serious concern whether the
Negro will support the Denso
•. "Htic Party with its seceding
Old South; or whether he will
rally to the Republican stand
ards with Etsonbcwer as its
chic (tain.
This is a tune of the closest
politico' caicoli'tic'n bv the Nc
jg-o eiechc-ate and ibc Negio
must evaluate th- situation bv
pcriv siant it's rafhri than e--
The fun South is again »n «e
--cession und a bit ter and nas-v
secession it is turning out to b:
And the end is nut yet.
The Negroes must not lose
sigh!, of the fart that a vote fr>,
the Democratic Party is a vote
for the leadership and domino
tutn of Kasilatm and Hairy
Byrd, 'who will soon he joined
by Herman Talmadge of Geov*
£ •
These men are committed to
the eternalization of the sub
jugation of the Negro. They ar--
the Pharoahs who have sworn
unto death that they will not
let the Negro eu.
Who knows but the Republi
can Party must be ‘'he o'ap■,
upon the house of these modern
pharaohs?
A vote for the i rt’OCratir
Parly is a ■ mr the doiniria
tion Os the f;.,stlands, >he Byrds
and the I : 1: raid's. A vote for
ttm Demo-: .itic Party is a v-o‘e
for obstructionism m the Con
gress of the United States.
In a time of great stress and
pith:igency, every issue coniine
before our Congress must bn
tested in the light of its hear
ing on segregation. No issue can
be discussed and debated noon
its merits alone.
Just whether it is to ihe hk
ing of the prejudiced Old
South's representatives become
the main question. It is finally a
vote for another secession,
which lacks nothing but ». F '
Sumter!
Is the Negro ethnic group the
Negro race—-important to Ameri
can Negroes? And by “American
North, South and Central Ameri
cans.
I know a. little about; Africa
Home of rnv knowledge 1 gained
through first-hand contacts, sorm
by heresay and some by readir :
My knowledge is limited, but I
probably know more about Af
rica. than the majority of Ne
groes in North, Central and Soutl
America,
Africans in Africa are convinc
ed they have a destiny. That there
is a purpose behind all their ef
forts to advance They do not
wish to become integrated with
white society in the same sense
that they desire to lose their col
our and natural physical cha
racteristics as it seems Afro-A
mericans are deliberately trying
to do.
Africans in Africa are seeking
the origins of heir race, and look
ins to prove that their origin car.
be compared with those of other
races Indeed when the original
inhabitaots of Britian were pa
gans, clad in skins and with little
culture, there were tribes in Af
fira much more advanced
The question now -'is whether
Afro-Americans are deliberately
planning a leeming-like integra
tion through gradual submersion
of their race, or do they wish io
perpetuate it?
Are we to see a Negro couple
in U.S.A. hoping their daughte;
will have a child by a white mar
and that that child will have a
child by another while and so cn
until every trace of a. black par
enlace disappears, or are *'* to
see Negroes proud of their race
end hoping that their children
will stay black and. not tarn
whi f .e?
This appears to be 9 question
that ha* to be answered now.
from these tours <<e-e that the
performers were enthusiastical
ly even wildly received
when ■or they went A New
York 1 imes correspondent, in
Europe even vent so far os rn
call the i:.y,y. a; i,Ameri
ca's "a v "• w eapons'' in
cold war because of the good
will the., vrre creating.
If Uisy crnoted a bad Im
pression nry v. ‘ ere thev v er. 1
that news *■••• raped us. Ccmm
ly tht-ie is nothing about jazz
.itself for the senators to be
ashamed of or alarmed about,
for even though it may not suit
every musical taste it is an. in
digenous Amur; in product,
thafc many people ~ including
tons of thousand,- of Euro
peans, obviously--find enjoy
able.
There is nothing wrong with
sending "choral groups and
miscellaneous sports protects'’
abroad, which is the senators’
idea of what the special inter
national program administer
ed by the Svate Department
ought to do. .but wh;u. is wrong
with sending the jazz musici
an 5, too? The idea of the pro
gram is to win friends for this
nation, and the cap who hit
those hot licks have proved
they can do just. that.