Newspapers / The Carolina Times (Durham, … / Sept. 27, 1980, edition 1 / Page 13
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'-(Emm A Weekly Digest Of African Affairs NCCU Library Science School Awards Sixteen Scholarships & Fellowships USAFRICA Carter Said 'No" To $300 Million For Zimbabwe WASHINGTON AN When Secretary of State Edmund Muskie ar rived at the White House for a regular foreign policy breakfast with the president on August 22, he brought along a proposal he felt would smooth the way for Jimmy Carter's scheduled meeting with Prime Minister Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe the following week. He suggested that an announcement of a $300 million three-year , assistance effort for the newly-independent African nation could cap what i he administration was billing as an impor tannt foreign policy suc cess the transition to majority rule in the formerly white minority ruled territory. "The idea didn't exactly get a warm reception," says one State Department official who was involved in preparations for the visit. None of the other breakfast participants Vice President Walter Mondale, Defense Secretary Harold Brown, Deputy Secretary of State Warren Christopher, na tional security advisor 1 Zbigniew Brzezinski, and White House chief of staff Jack Watson apparent ly backed Muskie's pro posal. So when Carter in troduced Mugabe to a speciafly-invited and predominantly black au dience at a White House ceremony on August 28, he offered warm words, but not the $200 million in economic development aid and $100 million in hous ing investment guarantees: that Muskie had envisag ed . ;'(' '- :!. . - -'e1lTJurtf'lKc,,fJ8iS' posal could pay dividends in both foreign policy and, domestic politics, but! OMB Office of Manage-,' ment and Budget would not even consider it," another State Department aide declared. "Carter tends to be a penny pinching do-gooder himself he's got good,: intentions, but he worn write the checks." But another administra tion official views the issue differently. "Zimbabwe has the funds required for right now, all it can in fact make use of in the short term. What' Mugabe needs is the assurance of medium- and long-term aid, and I'm , sure we'll be able to put more in for FY 1982 the fiscal year beginning next September." "Mugabe did a good job of laying the ground work on the Hill," he adds, but for us to push for $300 million now would open us to attacks that could demolish the real prospects for increas ing the levels by next year." In FY 1980 funds, the U.S. has allocated nearly $26 million for health, education, rural road, and agricultural projects, ac cording to Goler Butcher, who heads the Africa Bureau in the U.S. Agency for International Develop ment (AID). "In addition, : we are providing $23 million in housing invest ment guarantees, which is a loan, but it has definite advantages for the Zim babwe government because St is foreign ex change they get the, dollars and then pay for the housing in local cur-' rency." Butcher believes the ad ministration, which has' earmarked $20 million in1 development assistance in FY 1981 and $30 million' in FY 1982 for Zimbabwe, ; ; has established a good record. "We got busy and , moved right away," she "and We've gone: to address their 1 needs meaningfully." i Rep. Stephen Solarz ! (D-NY) who chairs the House Africa Subcommitr tee, believes the U.S. should be doing more. "I think we have a tremen dous opportunity in Zim babwe to demonstrate that peaceful change is possible throughout southern Africa. . If it turns out there is a place for the white minority in Zim babwe, it will significantly strengthen the forces for peaceful change in South Africa. . "Whether Mugabe can Succeed will depend to a large extent on his ability to satisfy the legitimate aspirations of the African masses in his country, and this is going to require very significant and substantial resources, which I think we have a real interest in pro viding," he argues. Solarz' subcommittee is holding hearings this week, with former Secretary of State Cyrus Vance and former Am bassador Averill Har riman testifying in favor of additional aid. "I'm hopeful their testimony will help to legitimize the view that we do have a very real national interest in being more respon sive," the congressman says. Although Solarz ex-( presses optimism that a supplemental appropria-: tion for Zimbabwe, pro-' bably totalling $200 million, might receive: Congressional approval, especially with administra tion backing, White : House officials say there is no possibility, of such backing. And many Capitol Hill observers , believe the best Solarz can accomplish is getting some members who were favorably impressed by Mugabe to go on record favoring more aid when it comes to a vote next year. Meanwhile, the White House has scheduled a ' visit by another African leader, Nigeria's President ' Shehu Shagari, who will meet with. President - ahead Sierra Leone president, !. Siaka Stevens, the current ( chairman of the Organiza- :; tion of African Unity, also ; plans to come to the U.S. ; to address the United Na- tions General Assembly in '. October, and efforts to schedule a meeting for ; htm with Carter are still tinder Way, ? Two OAU chairmen Who sought sessions with : President Richard Nixon i were rebuffed, and the Carter administration : seems intent on avoiding such an embarrassing snub even though the president's schedule is already crowded. SOUTH AFRICA The Reforms Pay Off AN For the first time since 1976, a major American bank has agreed I to participate in a non confidential loan to the South African govern ment. In a reversal of stated practice, Citibank own ed by Citicorp, the na tion's largest financial holding company has . joined three other interna tional banks in negotiating a $250 million syndicated credit to finance schools and housing for South Africa's black population. . A Citicorp spokesperson said agreement on terms is expected this week, at which time the loan managers will seek to in terest other banks in pro viding portions of the funds. The loan is expected to 'be a topic of discussion Thursday (September 25) at a scheduled meeting between South African Finance Minister Owen Horwood and about eighty bankers in New York City. Horwood, who is travelling to Washington, D. C, to at tend the annual meeting of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, will also 'meet business executives in Houston and Chicago. ritlrnrn't rlopicirtn tn participate in a direct loan to the government is a sign that the financial com munity perceives an im provement t in South Africa,? image interna tionally in 978, after domestic turmoil in South ? Africa prompted renewed campaigns against cor porations with interests there, several American and European banks an nounced restrictions on their lending practices. Citicorp, in a statement to shareholders at the time, called apartheid "a negative effect on South Africa's economic viabili ty." "So long as this is the case we will continue to moderate our business in volvement in the coun try," the document declared. "Specifically, Citicorp is not making loans to the government Of South Africa." A Citicorp spokesman denied that the new loan represents a substantive shift, but pointed to a bank statement of January of this year which 'signaled a new readiness to review government loan applications by announc ing, "Citibank is now prepared to consider selec tively loans to both the private and public sectors in South Africa." "We said we would par ticipate in loans that we determine would have a beneficial effect for all South Africans," said the spokesman. "This fits that category." The participating banks, led by Dresdner of West Germany, and in cluding Barclays of Bri tain and Union Bank of Switzerland, have insisted on a 'needs and purposes clause' in the loan agree ment to restrict the money for educational and hous ing needs. And this, they expect, will dampen criticism of the deal. But critics are already mobilizing opposition. The National Council of Churches, a leader in the campaign to alter or end U.S. business, ties with South Africa, has appeal- id to. eleven other major. Volvement. I expect there ''.wilt be a chorus of opposi tion to this loan from churches, universities, Unions, the black com munity and Congressional leaders, and many institu tional investors," says Council . President, William Howard. George Houser, ex ecutive, director of the American Committee on Africa, a New York group that has coordinated previous anti-loan cam paigns, charges that Citibank has stepped in whenever South Africa gets into trouble. "In 1960 after the Sharpeville massacre alarmed the foreign economic community, and in 1976 after the Soweto uprising again raised con cerns, Citibank provided financing to help restore international confidence. In a year when tens of thousands of students have protested against apartheid and workers have gone on strike, we see this latest loan as yet another effort to uphold the white minority govern ment." In spite of the criticisms, South Africa is expected to obtain favorable terms, as it did in several other successful forays into the money market earlier this year. West German banks have made two loans to govern ment agencies, and Citibank co-managed a $50 million deal for a private South African bank, all at relatively low interest rates. Last fall, Citibank also participated in a government guaranteed loan for a black training hospital. Financially, South Africa has far less need of the money than in 1976 and 1977, when unrest sparked a record outflow of capital, and loans were required to fill the gap. Most of those have been repaid, gold prices and production are up, and the country is considered ' 'under-borrowed. ' "What is important to South Africa at this time," says one banker who asked not to be iden tified, "is the optimism this loan represents toward Botha's policies and his effort to end South Africa's isolation." "The confidence factor is very important," Simon Brand, the prime minister's chef economic advisor said in an inter view in Pretoria earlier this year. "Lots of political plans depend on the economic objectives with economic realities." "One reason why the recession has been so long and drawn out is the uncertainty in the business community, not only in the economic field but in the political field as well," Brand added. "The prime minister's appeals to business, his commitment to improving the quality of life of all our people and reducing tensions, has been welcomed by business, but these objec tives face real economic restraints." Brand sees and impor tant role for outside funds in this process. "The South African national economy became con siderably more dependent on foreign capital in the seventies than it had been in the sixties," the Ten Year Development Plan his office has published states. North Carolina Central University's School of Library Science has awarded fellwoships and scholarships to sixteen of its candidates' for the Master of Library Science degree. Four students received the school's Jenkins Moore Fellowship awards. The Jenkins-Moore Scholarship Fund is spon sored by the School of Library Science Alumni Association, and includes other private contribu tions to library science j scholarships funds. Students receiving the awards were Ms. Arneice Bowen of Rateigh, Jerusha Okuth of Durham, Clifton Sawyer of Salisbury, and Carolyn J. Stephens of Durham. Okuth and Sawyer, both permanent residents in the United States are, respectively, natives of Nigeria and Sierra Leone. The Jenkins-Moore Fellowships are valued at $500 each. Awarded fellowships funded by the Federal government under Title II B of the Higher Education Act of 1965 were Daniel Buggs of Washington, D.C., Ms. Deborah Cherry of Harrellsville, and Ms. Hannah Williams of Baltimore, Md. The 1 fellowships are valued at tt i , j, jr. rr- wc . fcfcW -". '""'"", ,11 "J111 ,'. "a- fir CAMPUS CLEAN-UP Marc W. Butler, a Durhamjiative (r), Polemarch of the Delta Gamma Chapter of Kappa AJpaa Psi Fraternity, is shown supervising his men during a campus clean-up at Shaw University recently. $3,000 each. Three students received fellowships under a grant ' from the Carnegie Cor poration of New York. The Carnegie fellowships are for the training of Ear ly Childhood Library specialists, and this year's awards are the last under the grant, which has pro vided $199,000 to the school since 1971. The Carnegie Fellows are Ms. Bonnie Battle of Whitakers, Ms. Evelyn Garner of Weldon, and Ms. Gloria Parker of Rocky Mount. State "minority presence" scholarship awards have been made to Ms.Alice Bullington of Durham. Ms. Doris Hin son of Durham, Ms. Bar bara Igoe of Chapel Hill, Mercer Tyson of Carr boro, Ms. Izella Warner Of Raleigh, and Ms. Mary K. Gurney of Jackson ville. At NCCU, which is predominantly black, 'minority presence" scholarships provided by the state go to students who are not black. Dr. Annette Phinazee, dean of the School of Library Science, announc ed the fellowship and scholarship awards. Sears Big Toy Bx g SALE , lJ ill EJ Our Entire Stock of Toys FRIDAY and SATURDAY ONLY! .'" A -1. -U..4. C Diana Li A Y "A WAY A Small Deposit Holds Your Selection 'til Dec 13. 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The Carolina Times (Durham, N.C.)
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Sept. 27, 1980, edition 1
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