Newspapers / The Smithfield Herald (Smithfield, … / Oct. 13, 1905, edition 1 / Page 6
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r Our Farm Department | { Devoted to the Interest of Those Who W Till the Soil A M CONDUCTED BV J. M. BEATY | U= ^ i?? 11 Industrial Revolution. Men fifty years of age if they think back can not help but be amazed at the industrial revolu tion which has been tfcing on since their boyhood. I ifty years ago a blacksmith could make four horse shoes out of a bar. make the nail and drive them, and thought he was well paid at a dollar. The modern black smith, who neither makes the shoe nor the nail, but buys bot h and drives them, charges two dollars to two dollars and a hall for the same service. Fifty years ago a shoemaker took your measure and from the leather cut out and made your shoes. We have no shoemakers now, only cobblers. A buggy could be made, ironed, and painted all in the same village. It is now bought in a shop, and the material from which it is made is shipped in by the car load. This multiplication of human power by machinery, together with the extension of railway and telegraph systems has en tirely revolutionized manufac turing, has built up great manu facturing and distributing cen ters, and left the small towns aud villages as simply places of residence and for such little busi ness as the wants of the com munity require. In the last few years we have multiplied our manufacturing facilities far beyond the require ments of the home market. England began doing this before we did. Germany is fast follow ing her example; so are all the other progressive nations; and these, with the exception of Eng land, are following our example of building up tariff walls to pro tect their own manufacturing industries. Inasmuch as the multiplication of human power by use of machinery must cease as soon as there cannot be found somewhere human wants to sup ply, it becomes Bimply a question as' to which nation shall most successfully break commercially into the territory of some other nation und supply its want?, and to what extent that nation can protect itself from this inflow of manufactured articles. A like revolution, or perhaps we should call it evolution, is going on in agricultural lines In our boyhood it required very little capital for a renter to set up in farming. A wagon, a sled, a cradle, a few rakes, a harrow, two or three plows, a scylhe, a roller, aud a pitchfork were about all that were needed, and these could frequently be bor rowed. Now it requires a very considerable capital in the way of machinery to equip an eighty acre farm, nearly double the amount of horses, and a corres ponding decrease in human labor. This explains -why the rural population is decreasing, and why such states as Iowa, mainly agricultural, are begin ning to show a decline in rural population. A like change has come over the method of renting and hand ling land. For many years grain rent was the rule. This has been followed by cash rent in the more prosperous agricultural states and sections. We can see very clearly the signs that the renter himself is going out aud that his place is to be taken by the farm manager for a salary. This will increase very rapidly whenever the capitalists who have recently come to own so much of our laud are sufficiently educated along agricultural lines to personally look after their farms and give general directions to a farm manager. In short, improved machinery had separated the laborer from his tools. In the old times the carpenter, blacksmith, wagon maker, and shoemaker owned his own tools. Improved machinery costs so much money that the laborer no longer owns his tools; hence labor unions and the con ests between capital and labor. Similarly, in the old time the hired hand owned his cradle, his scythe. his ax. The tenant own ed" the farm implements. The tii^rh cost of furm implements and the necessity for them is put ting it out of the power of men to become even tenants, and forcing them to become laborers or quit farming. Looking at the results inter nationally, it is simply a great contest as to which nation can tind the largest and best market through the use of improved machinery and transportation. In short, all discussions of tariffs, hours of work and rates of wages grow out of this multiplication of human power by machinery. Commercial and industrial wars shed less blood but break more hearts and crush out more lives than the wars raged with maxim guns and battleships.?Wallaces' Farmer. A YOICE FROM TEXAS. A Fair Price for Cotton and How the Farmers May Get It. To the Farmers oftheSoutb:? Your anxious inquiry at each recurring year from the time that the memory of this writer run neth not to the contrary, has been: "What is going to be the price of cotton this year?" Equally as ancient is the state ment; "Liverpool fixes the price of cotton." Do you Progressive Farmer readers realise that it is Liverpool that should ask what the price ol cotton is going to be, and that it is you tliat should fix that price? You can fix the price because, for all practical and commercial purposes, only the South raises cotton, and as long as people wear clothes all the world must buy cotton. A blind man can see that if he had a monopoly in the production of an article thai everybody must have, he could fix the price of that article and get it. If one man raised all ol the cotton that is raised in the South, no one doubts that such person would fix the price, and, if within reasonable limits, would I get it. I And what would be a reasona ble price? First, a price that wonld be fairly remunerative for the capi tal and labor required for pro duction, and (2) a price at which no substitute could be bought in competition. To make the business a success this supposed cotton raiser would have to limit his production to the world's demand for cotton, otherwise he would have dead capital tied up in the surplus, which he would ultimately be compelled to sell "at any old price" or lose the capital invest ed in the production of this sur . plus. If he were a practical man, he would plant enough to sup ply the demand for an average season, and if, by reason of favorable conditions, he raised a surplus in any year, he would carry that surplus over to the next year and plant a smaller crop. He would not force his entire crop upon the market in three or four months, when the world required twelve months in which to consume it, aud thus create, during those three or four months a temporary surplus that would force the price down. He would cot accept the gener ous ( ? ) offer of speculators to carry his cotton until it was needed, at a cost to him of from one hundred to two hundred million dollars a year more than it would cost him to hold the crop until it was needed. How can all of the farmers ac complish what one man would if he alone produced cotton? By acting together as one man Through the Farmers' Union and the Southern Cotton Asso ciation. in both of which you ought to hold membership if you do not, you have said that elevtn t cents, a{ the Southern poits, is a t fair price for cotton this year, t and that you would hold for i that price. Will you do it. If c so, you will get it. But as long i as you will sell for ten or nine or f eight cents, that is all you will ( get. Stand by your organiza- t tions and until cotton is bring- i ing the price fixed, don't offer it 1 in the market at all; don't let a 1 bale becut; don't haul it to town, unless you have a warehouse of your own to put it in, and if you can take care of it at home, don't even haul it to the gin. Will you do it? Not all of you. No army ever went to battle in which some man did not break ranks and retreat or surrender. Will you be that man in this i battle for industrial freedom and 1 home and wife and children? i Will you? Kach Southern cot ton raiser must answer this ques tion for himself. This battle can be won, as other battles have been won, in spite of deserters, if the bulk of the army stand firm. I C. H. JENKINS, Vice-I'reeident Texas Division Southern Cotton Association. I< Brownwood, Texas. The Critical Time For the Tenant. 1 Tenantry has been increasing in the corn and grass states of the west for a number of years. | and will increase for an indefinite i number of years to come. We i are sorry that it is so, but we must take the world as it is and j make the best of it that we can. j The west has many young men : who began as hired hands, then went as tenants on a small farm, then on a larger farm. These men have saved up money, five hundred dollars, a thousand, perhaps two thousand in cash or ' in grain or in stock, and still more money's worth in valuable J experience. The critical time for these men was not when they started out as hired hands, not | when they began to make money, ! j not when they had a little ' money. It is about the time when they have two or three thousand , dollars saved. They then begin to conclude that ihey might ub well have the whole of the crop as two-thirds 1 or three-lifths or one-half of it. I They begiu to think it is time 1 ' they were workingforthemselves and not for a landlord who may ' not suit them in every respect. Few landlords do, and as few ! tenants as landlords are fault less. Therefore they concludt that they will get a farm of their own, possibly take their savings j into a new country where land is i cheap and buy a farm, or buy an | eighth or quarter section of high I priced land and go in debt. These states are full of men i who have done both these things, and in so doing have made a mistake. The man who goes in- , to a new country (aud we don't say it is never advisable, for in many cases it is) is very apt to find out that faraway fields are not as green as they appear to be, that he has much to learn and may cuauges to make in his methods on account of changed conditions. The man who buys a farm of his own needs to find out the difference between a farm in a new conntry and a farm free from weeds, in good tilth, in a high state of fertility, with first class buildings for man and beast, and with all the needed working capital. He has been accustomed, perhaps, to good buildings aud thinks he must supply thut on the new farm. | The first thing he knows he is in ; debt far beyond his means, and in case of a year of low prices or partial failure of crops, or hog cholera, or abortion among his cows, he loses all ho has and has to go back to the farm from | w hich he started. The west is full of men who have gone through just this experience, and are wiser and sadder men. Therefore our ad vice to our tenant readers when they approach this point, which \ we hope they will very soon, is to take time to do y lot of solid thinking. We used to receive material advice to the effect that , it was not wise to throw out the ; dirty water until we were sure of some clean; that it was usually good policy ' | to let well enough alone; ' and that out of debt, was out of langer. It it* well to consider he advantages offered by a farm ?ven at what seem* to be a high ?ent, in a high state of fertility. :omparatively free from weeds. *itb a comfortable bouse, com ortable barns and sbeds, and an jpportunity to use about half :be landlord's capital for carry ng on operations in which both lis capital and his judgment is leeded.?Wallace's Farmer. SPECIAL LOW RATE OF ONE FIRST FARE PLUS FIFTY CENTS TO RALEIGH AND RETURN via Atlantic Coast Line. Tickets on sale October 13th to 20th inclusive, Hnal refurn limit October 23rd. All tickets include one admission coupon to the Fair Grounds. October 19tb,| has been desig- j nated as President's day, on which date President Roosevelt will visit Raleigh, being there from 9:00 a. m. to 1:00 p. m. i An address will be made by the President at 11 a. m. on the day of his visit to the Fair. For further information com municate with, W.J. CRAIG, General Passenger Agent, Wilmington, N. C.' The best line of furniture that has ever been to Smithfield ie at Cotter-Underwood Co.'s store now. REDUCED RATES TO RICH MOND ACCOUNT HORSE SHOW: The Atlantic Coast Line takes pleasure in announcing special 'ow rate of one fare plus fifty cents for the round trip to Rich mond, Ya.. and return account of the Horse Show, October 10th to 14th. Tickets on sale October 9th to 14th inclusive, with final return limit October lGtb. All tickets include an admission coupon to the Horse Show. The Richmond Horse show is a State occasion and should not be missed by all lovers of a magnificent display of superb horses; besides Richmond is a place of many historical reminis cences, and is well worthy of a visit. For further information communicate with W. J. Craig, G. P. A., Wilmington, N. C. NOTICE. north carolina, johnston county, Notice is herebv given to the public that application will be made to the Governor of North Carolina for the pardon of Wal ter Stevens convicted at March term of the Superior Court of Johnston county for the crime of larceny and sentenced to the county reads for a term of one year. Sept. 28 05. Lvdia Burnett. On September 1st 1/lr. Milton R. Stallings came to Smithfield to help me again this fall in selling Sewing Machines. We have the machines just from the factory and are ready to carry them out to you. Let us know at once If you want one , New Home and Domestic J. M. BEATY, Smithfield. N. C. We Carry the Largest Line of Goods in Johnston County We buy in the Urgent quantities; We have the largest Stores in the county, therefore are in position to take care of your every want. We have received and are expecting One Car Load Hackney Busrgies One Car Loao Ooldsboro Buggies < >ue Car Load Kiusmn I'mggies One Car Load Hackney Wagons One Car Load "O. K " Cook Stoves * ?ne Car Load "A No. 1" Flour One Car Load Munts' Meal One Car Load Rice Meal One Car Load Corn and Oats One Car Load Mill Feed One Car Load Hay One Car Load Cotton Seed Hulls One Car Load Furniture One Car Load C. S .Meal One Car Load El wood Wire Fence One Car Load American Wire Fence I have just returned from the Northern Markets where I bought the largest and best line of Clothing, Dry Goods, Notions, Hats, Coffins, Caskets and General Merchandise ever brought to this town. It stands to reason that we are in position to compete in every line. Respectfully, G, G. EDGERTON & SON Buyers of Everything and Dealers in Everything KENLY, N. C. We Want YOUR ?* IUrder anything you want to eat FROM THE A^me Grocery Co., I J. W. MOORE, Manager. SMITHFIELD, North Carolina. Special Rates to Raleigh VIA Southern Railway Oil account iNorth Carolina State Fair On account of the above occasion the Southern Railway will sell round trip tickets to RALEIUH from all points in North Carolina, Including Norfolk, Richmond, Lynehburg. Danvi'le and intermediate points in the state of Virginia, at rate of one first-class limited fare, plus fiifty cents, for the round trip, which includes one admission to the Fairgrounds. Minimum rate, including one ad mission, one dollar ($1). The following rates apply from points named: Goldsboro - $2.05 Selma - - $i.4o For military companies and brass bauds, 50 or more on one ticket, special reduced rates will he furnished oil application. Tickets on sale Oct. 13th, to 20th, and for trains to arrive Raleigh forenoon Oct. 21st, with final return limit Oct. 23rd. For full particulars call on any agent or address, T. E. GREEN, C. T. A., Raleigh. N. 0. i "all Trade We have for the Fall Trade Cooking and Heating Stoves and Majestic Ranges. These Ranges are superb in their equipment. Guns, Loaded Shells and ammunition. Devoe's and Kurfee's Paints, Lead, Oil and Varnishes. Carpenter's Tools and Farm Implements. Sash, Doors and other build ing material. Rubber, Leather and Canvass belt ing, and other Mill Supplies. Royal Washing Ma chines. Boys Wagons and Velocipedes. Johnston harvesting Machinery, which is as good as the best and cheaper. Call to see us. CLAYTON HARDWARE COMPANY C. W. CARTER, Proprietor. - TO THE MERCHANT : If you haven't Red Meat Tobacco in stock, write the factory?we will supply you direct. i""i w-v It H A r-art rp/% a B - H IB MU H jWb H I Red Meat is made of better tobacco and contains more ? II JOf jVlffi M ay M ?? B B 5 T D Baa* M H I good solid juicy chewing quality than any other 10c ? M H m wk M [i B^1 B Wk I Q B ? ? Jj>lugjof^any^weight^>flere<^or^oU^ H B 99 TM Wt Tft JT JL VJLjJL/ a ? JL JL*a JTjtk JEL *?4 u,: ? JL Ml*M? Hl TO ANY CHEWER of tobacco who will cut out and mail us this advertisement, we will mail him a card which will entitle him to one 5c cut of Red Meat Tobacco FREE at any store handling this brand. J^nufactured^Qlnlj^J^LUllfert^Scale^C^ ?*????????wmnmmmiwmmm?mmmmmmammmMMaa
The Smithfield Herald (Smithfield, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Oct. 13, 1905, edition 1
6
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