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I . ' ; ureejibjbukU ... DAILT KSrm, SUNDAY, UELEMMR Bl, XFZI f what; Abo u t the t lo : i" ; i'i 1 ' v -iM'i II i m ii i' 1 sing Year? Review of European Affairs By Frarit H. Slsoonds ' ; ' i Washington, to.d,..WIth the ' present article we Mm to the' and . at one more year, th fourth since ' the endin; of th world war ana th ninth lno th outbreak of that great etrurtis th lroviiitaioi and oon- aequenoe of -which hare 4oitilnatd all International and national affair aince Au(ut Jl.-How than shall on um ap this year that ha oloa-.-" '?' ad? Ha Jt on tli whol contrlbn,t4 to Mttlamant an4 reintegration or oontlnulng chao nd fyrthar dUln ' tat ration? . . Thar ban hardly t any larr dlffereno of opinion a to th larger .. aapaoti of int. . Jn It, beyond all 4 ; bat, Intamatlonal taoohrnq with V reeultlng economlo ohaoi ha can Honed. On jtha soltttoal side w ar ' patently In a more dltflcult alwa ttoa that tirols months noTind the political condition contlnuo -to -on-.- trot th economic. ' i,-' Mora than 'that, In the Judgment ' of many If not moat ozparlanoed .oh-. . ; aenreri, wo hv reacnaa pna or. moss crises In which th oourse of events for many year la to ha determined. ' Either, within a time maaurd at moat by a few . months thar must ' b vary great and unmistakable -Improvement or thar will b a pollapee eoeompanled ,by political and .' oo nomto disturbances whioh will re- . tard If they do not for long definitely poatpon all recovery. At the turn of , th year w are faelng the poaalblllfy of something approximating a genf- - oral Suropean' collapse the conse- - qnencea of, which ar really too dl aatrou to b wlaaly forecast. - v.rflai..JIwaiV.V'.Nv Looking.; baokwftrd for a moment over th aear. It begaaHn th olo Ing days orh Washington Donier :, enc. The highest hope of thl firt American conference" had already bean W -tittered. The resumption bealde the oomao of the Quarrel between the .''Brtftah- and the- French, which had . Iieen carried on baalda t Thamaa snd 'the Seine' for- nearly thro year and th mergene or the submarine wntroveray bad already orehadowed the fallur of tho A"rion cott , . mei to, mi btyon1 th tnlnlrntiin of limitation of naval armaments oom praheodad In avoidant: of Aaglo . AmerloanJapanee competition In naval conatrdotlon of capital unit ' and th accommodation of Japanese. ' American Mvalrieg In the far Pacific Todays the failure of Franc and Italy to ratify even the limited pro eram of r eat ration ha led, to the (ran far that all that waa don la Washington may rov abortive. Mr. HucheaV fatal rror In. parmlttlng : hlmeelf to aeem to become aeeoclated with a British proa-ram of Buropean tomlnatlon, hi apparent partnerehlp with Britain In fixing; Frenoh naval itrfhgth. in acoordane with British sOld Folks Madery It la now fva month elnc t took . -ejonra ot your medloln tor gas and ttomaoh trouble and I am feel ' In entirely well. My friends all tell . me 2 am looking twenty yearn yount erjand f eertainly feel a they say. I int, recommending Mayr'a Wonderful Remedy to all ailing with stomach nf liver trouble." It 1 a aimple, hawnleea preparation that removes thr catarrhal mucus from th intes tinal tract and allays the Inflamma tions! which eauses practically all I 'L 'itamaoh, liver Vnd inteetlnaf 'W hJ Vt. Including appendicitis.', Js 1 17: loss will convlno or money raf anded.- per al at Oraanabore Drue; Co, W&W. Smith Vrag Co., Revolution, ant drua-a-lsts everywhere. views and without ympathtto Idaratton of freneh vlaws has se far prevented trench ratlflomtloa of the WashlntTton agreements and leaves It for a ,W year to determine whether ratification .oen ba bad eve eventually.,-, ;'-,;-., Wahlngtsn',, moreover, proved the point ot departure for a new Anglo Frenoh campalatn. Defeated here In their effort to satabltah Freneh views and stung by tb obvious Brltlah auo cese In- diminishing Frenoh prestige and shattering - American friendship for tVance, th Frenoh statesmen and the Frenoh people have reaotsd in a series of counter-offensive whisk have been disastrous for ths world. Washington was fondly hoped to be the beginning of a new era In In ternational relations. It Was believed In Amarle at least yiat thar bad beta sueo, bat in reality, whatever It superflolal achievement in the dlreotloa of International amity, these were . Instantly obscured by th Franoe-Brltlah, quarrel and once mare an -International gathering dedloated to the cause of paaoe proved to be the point of departure foe aew Interna tional discord, ir-.r v- Frsaa Washington to Causae. ' From Washington ths attention of the world shifted promptly to Cannes and. at Cannes M. Briand, while still In ths process of negotiating with Lloyd Oeorg was' struck down from behind by a majority of , the French parliament, bitterly and vehemently resenting British success and tactics at Washington and looking with un disguised apprehension at th appar ent menace o- French Interest In volved in Briand' aequlsseeno la the Lloyd Oeorg pollalesv . The fall of Briand brought If. Poln car to th front and with his arrival it was patent there would be a new chapter. In Anglo-French relations. Th former preeldent of the rapubllo was obviously called to power 'b caua he exemplified to th Frenoh mind resistance to a- Brltlsh-and American Idea of making a new set tlement with Germany baaed solely a poo oconomio considerations and to th French mind aiming at th -. rifle of Frenoh claims for repara tions -to Anglo-Americas neede for trad. . . . .. Th eonfrnc In Boulogne, the drat meeting; between Lloyd George and Polnoare, foreshadowed what waa to happen. While on th aurfac peace wa preserved. In reality th doom of thtvOeno oonferenoe already agred upon at Canna was Vrltten. Failure of the French and British prime minister to reach any basis of agieenient was th certain promise of th failur of Genoa. To Genoa Lloyd Oeorg went, still In th fullness ot. his International power, th greatest figure which had played dpon th European stag sinoe Blsmarok. He went with deliberate purpose to restore peace in Europe on British terms, to establish an as sociation pf nations In which Russia and Germany would be partners, to lsolat Franoo and, backed a he hope d by the aetlv approval of America and the visible support of most of Europe, to bring Franco to heel. Unhappily tor Oeorg th prelude to Genoa Waa the Rnpallo agreement between Ruaala and Germany,' which hard been preceded by the-American refusal to attend the oonferenoe and the plain America intimation that It looked with frank disapprobation upon ths British flirtation with ths bolshsvlsts. -Finally the abeam ot Poincaiw deprived Lloyd Gorg of th. opportunity to qeocn to . close uarterr with the too b rightly rec ognised to ba meet danipsrous. ...I - Tb Happalo Atrreeaacat, ' The Rappalo agreement threw all 1 II A " I : U . .'00 High 1 i . 5 Rents went ky hljrh in 1919 and 1920 beeaoBe there waa a shortage of homea and people'bld against each other for a place to live. Benta have not come down .t as other living coata have done because this shortage cannot be relieved In a diy or a year. Don't expect the landlord to reduce your rent so long as there is another man waiting around the corner to take your place at the same price you are paying1, or even more, If you don't want it .. , -nii- rK' : . 151 UOES BUBLT BY AID OF : THS OCIATION UN 1922 Yesr, we helped 151 families to throw off the yoke of high rents and now every dollar they pay counts for 0016111102 real. - ANY MAN WHO CAN PAY RENT "CAN OWN A HOME , We can show you the way--the best' way on earth. Wa don't sell homes, 'we only lend the money with which to build and we charge only 6 per cent Interest." NEW SERIES OPENS JANUARY r FIRST Gate City Building & -'; V v-'.-A mbon -'' .f Loan Assoc W. C. Balsley, Pre. - J. FStereng, Sec'y & Treat. Dfflce'102 Banner Building;. ' ths central Buropean states Into the arms of Kranoe and -cemented -the bond which had already been drawn between the little entente, 1'eland and the Frenoh and Belgian. In a world all the state adjoining .Oar many or Russia,, Mt menaced by a Russo-Osrman combination turned for aid to ,the,ene country whose military .strength and assured polloy blocked both Russian and German asoendanoy and Sought the perpetua tion of the system treated at ver- alii. : ' : In vain Lloyd Oaerse struggled to overcome ths streets of American ab sence and Ruseo-Oermas alllanse. In vain he sought to oppose alllanees and tb old-fah(oad grouping of powers which had been prsduoed by th Rappelle agrssmsnt In th face f an Imminent and deadly peril Eu rope returned to Its traditional method's and as, nssquno th con ception ot a Europ of nations unltsd by common tnemberehlp In a slngls association rather than dlvioao into hostile groups, perished. Osnoa. a I see it, ws tns rsai termination ot the Wilson advsnturs In JSurope. The American President had retired from office and from tnfluenoe, hie oountry had long ago repudiated bis policies as expressed at VarsalUss, but Lloyd Oeorge had eelsed the prlnolples snd ths power ot his transatlantic oplleagus and had for two more yeare striven to bona Europe to an Anglo-Saxon conception.! Adjourned to The Hague, uenoa ena ed In obsourlty, an Idea and the political fortunes of the moat ooa splouous publlo man in ths world had both com to -ultimata grist. - Ganaaa Repanitloa. After Osnoa 'ths old question " of German reparations rose again and the spectre ot military operations against Germany wae aesn onos mar. But again th peril wa postponed by one more compromise which ad journed without solving any crisis. Belgium having a priority upon the remaining pajuQenta of Germany un til January io, oonsemea w. ism German promises, and paper and Franoe, not .immediately conoernea agreed to a poetponsment, not tech nically described as a moratorium until ths later date when French In terest would bs directly concerned. Then there oame the sudden and terrible' Greek debacle. Greece, the Soldier of Britain, led Into Asia Minor a aonaaauenoe of th British as- stre to forestall Italian occupation ol Smyrna and replace Turkish by Greek Influence in the near east' ana sup ported by British promises but not by British power, arier a two years campaign abruptly collapsed. The victorious Turkish armies cams flow ing baek to the straits and demanded aooess to Europe, In the supreme oriels Britain was lsft alons holding Insecurely with an inadequate force the 'Astatic shore ot the Dardanelles at Chanak, while French and, Italian troop were wlth-N drawn ana. Rumanian and. Juge-Slav troop refused to march. 'For many day th question of peaoe or - war between Britain and Turkey bung the balanoe. Peac was actually pre served by ths Intervention of Franoe, through Franklin Bouillon, . the French politician whs bad negotiated a treaty for bis own country with the Angora government But this peace, ws only, achieved by a surrender, rcluotant on th part of Britain.' satisfied on tb part of Franoe and -Italy, of all th lands In Europe and:iniAsia Minor, which had bsen held by- th .Turk at the out break ef tb world war. Adrlanopl as well as Smyrna pasasd to ths Osmanll, Nothing was aohlevad by British epposltlos savs a brief de lay during which hundreds of thou sands ot Asiatic and European Chris tians dwelling In lands rsturned to th Turk and taking naturalglarm a oonseauena ef the burning ef Smyrna fled before the approach . of a restored . Turkish master. . ... - f ..... The near eastern .. oriels finished Lloyd George. Britain juatly holding Mm responslbls for risking a war that hi fallow oountrymen would not ngpt,pereeiving with dismay that a slngl year bad eervad to bring Brit ish prestige and Influence en the con tinent to it, lowest point la many decade and discovering at last the extent to whtoh the Lloyd Oeorg method ef hrtrlgn and pre manipu lation never more clearly disclosed than at Washington during th oon ferenoe, had revived all th aid legends o British bad faith, abruptly great Ogures which had mads war and dominated the construction of so oalled peaoe. , -. - Genua Reparations Big Parties. , While the oonferenoe of Laussnne, which has not yet adjourned - as I write, sought to Snd -soma fao-av lng formula for covering th moat complete and humiliating surrender of the Christian to ths Mohammedan world In several centuries and to dis guise Its abandonment of hundreds of thousand of Aalati c and Buropean Christian, by a gallant and veolfer oua struggle to vindicate ths prin ciple of the freedom of the straits, a new British ministry undertook pain fully to take up the tangle strings of international relatione, . For this now ministry, however, the problem of Immediate Importance was posed by Germany. For an sntlre year Germany had been in political chaos and economlo disintegration. Inflation, eagerly embraced a a mesne of eecaplng reparations pay. ment, had now reached a point where It wa beyond the control of any or all Germans, No longer could there be any serious debate over Immediate German reparation payments, the question had become one ot how Oar many waa to be saved from a com plete collapse, brought on not by any excessive reparations payments, but by the fatal method of evasion which hsd been adopted. ' A the yesr ends thl Is the single and supreme problem. But although four years have passed sines It was originally raised, ws have mads little real progress toward solution because the Interests of those who nrevdl- rectly engaged are diametrically op uoslte. For four years the Interest of the British and ourselves ha lain In the restoration of -the German market for our product, for four year the sat-T-rtcven at vatlon of France hae lain in the col' lection ot the cost ot reconstruction of the devastated area. Today Fronce demands het she shall be assured against bankruptcy at home as the first condition of the salvation of Germany while the An glo-Saxon "-ooontrle , demand .that France shall permit German rescue. In" the course of four years there has been a necessary and whole some deflation of the reparation ex pectation, originally expanded not as many Americans believe by French cupidity but by th necessity ef Lloyd George to make good his cam palgn pledges of December, 1311. There Is common agreement that Ger many can pay no more than 110-13, OOCOOO.ftOO, There la, too, common agreement that she can ' now . pay nothing snd can only resume pay. ments when she bss been allowed th tlm-to restore her whole, fiscal snd economlo situation, wrecked not by reparation paymeat but by the method ot , evasion employed lo eaeape payments. ant Be lass Sasraataw. But Franoe Is a certain to: jiuk Into flsaal bankruptcy a Germany Into soeneml ruin, If titer b not some guarantee net altftie that aLtasal will weaken Frenoh eaisee In restored Germany will pay, but' that during the German moratorium, seme method ef international lean ahall be found by which Franoe oaa -raise money on her legitimate German ex pectations and thus avoid bankruptoy moreovsr thl bankruptoy must com It alia dee not End external relief for the preeent Intolerable burden of flnanolng restoration in th devastat ed area, a process whloh ha already oeet Frano as muoh a tb world now believe Germany can pay as a total ef reparations. The debate has then narrowed down to th slngl issue. Tb British and American government speaking for the proper self Interests of thslr respective countries demand that Germany shall have a respite) during which sh shaK b able to restore ner own ehaken economlo and finan cial edifice and make - ready to be gin payment upon a reparation ac count reduced to those figure which th rest of th world believe to be possible and therefore proper. The Frenoh, on their side, largely supported by the Belgians,- that Is, ths two states which have the largest legltimats , claim against Germany growing out of wanton German de structions, demand that sine German bad faith-1 undeniable and there Is no guarantee of Oerman performance after moratorium1 to ba ' had from those British and American states men who favor the moratorium, France, shall bs permitted to take productive guarantee against event ual payment. In other word the French dsk to seise the most valu able economlo regions in Germany as gage of ultlmat German "payment. Such French -aotloh, necessarily military, 1s opposed - now 1 as It was in th rati conference ana ha been ever sines by both British and Amer ican publlo opinion because . It Is Justly reoognlssd that such occupa tion might and probably would pre. elpltate disturbances which would de prive the moratorium of all value and actually lead not to the salvag ing but to th destruction of Ger many, linos thl destruction would be materially disastrous both for the British and th- Americans we 'both -argue that :t would , b a moral prim. ' But tb French now as at Paris argue with equal vohemenc and with quit as much .reference to the Immi nent Justice of things, tbat sines Franc will b ruined If Germsny doe not eventuelly pay and It money, la not Immediately forthcoming upon thl account and since the rest, of the world Is neither ready to advance money nor underwrite eventual Oer man performance th Anglo-American proposal amount to a desire to save O rmany at tns expense of Frabce. r Oerssaay Will Df emit. So far the debate' ha advanced In th present year. ' On January 1 the British and Frenoh etatesmen will meet In Pari to continue the London negotiation which recently cam to nothing. . Oh January -15, Germany, now . Obviously uaable to mako payment du will have te de fault- and such .default, arising out of undealabl Oerman- Invasion will leave France with the teohnlcal right to resort to fores .which means to ex tend, hor military occupation. Meanwhile the closing fortnight of the month, has seen the publlo opin ion ot the United States again' ex cited ever ' the Buropeaa problem. Clemenoasu's visit, ths London con ference, the visible decay of Oar many ant he patent approach of catastrophe with evil ' coneeqnenoes here, have combined trt t afloat a new tide of discussion and to launch1 freeh report of American In tervention. , , , . Tit these reports have been promptly denied' a a consaqusno of th general roooghitlon In high plaoee of tb faot that America can do nothing without doing more than any . American . administration cares to do,ln th Rreseae ot a censorious congress' and a conspicuous psopls. American assistance to Europe, as it I tuphemlstleally called, .(in reality what Is at stak Is tb American market In Europe and what American administration must seek Is ths pro tection and expansion -of this mar ket) must take the form ef some very .peelf,ta and den nit invoTve ment , , . . ... ... . ... - '... , . . Germany can new only be saved If hs Js protected sgslnst French oc cupation, , but since , Germany has given France a legitimate elatm against her, since she has deliberate ly sought to evads payment of this claim and sine Frsnc cannot be saved herself unless the olalm Is paid. ths single road to peso In Europe, 'is ths discovery of eome methd of separating th French from th Germans,- of insuring German pay ment snd . thus of . forestalling French action. , . Bo far neither Great Britain nor the United States although British vision Is In advance of ours has been ready to assume, the responsibility and ha a a rsault had recourse to moral arguments to obtain material results. We have Inveighed against French militarism championed Ger man salvation In th nams of hu manitarian considerations. ' But the result has been no more then a dead lock for the French? have seen the material profits for the British and ourselves resulting from German sal vatlon and have not unnaturally set down our Invocation ot humanitarian considerations as no more than char acteristic Anglo-Baxon hypocrisy, , . - The Fatal PltMealty. As long as ws In the United States continue td look-at the European question as purely and simply the question ot saving Europe, we shall quite losjlcally and naturally Insist upon the right to Impose the condl lions with- which Europe must com ply before we Intervene, If we In 11. But Europe, on It Ide, satisfied that the single rea son, which might provoks interven tlon ie material. In a word that our Interest Is material not moral, la not by any means reedy to comply with our conditions, arguing that. If col laps take plc, some considered share of the coats will be-assessed agalnet the American producers of commodities normally exported to Europe. , As I see It, the fatal difficulty He in th fact' that w demand aa a condition antecedent to our doing anything. tha,t Europe ahall do things which sh will only do after w have made certain clear contribu tions. There I th deadlock between America and Europe and between England and the continent which hss so far prevented solution and may In ths end insure ruin. I.loyd George' policy wa one of avoiding- msterltl contributions, by recourse to moral exhortation. H sought t sasree the Frensh by th threat of British withdrawal from th Entente and by (he pressure at BrUtsh publlo opinion, American tao- ilos have been on the whole muoh ibe same. We "urge Fran t per mit Oerman baluatlett , bacaa the United Etate and alienate Amor. lea from Franoo for ths long and eb sours future. This ts our position today and roughly speaking It has been our position er since Mr.. Wil son dlssppaarsd. v .' ' ' But i( has not worked, It cannot work and' In my Judgment permanent Inslsteno upon It by US aaoV by th British will Incur th downfall of Burope. Fraaoc In particular and the continent of Europe In general Is not going to take Angio-riaxon in tervention a purely and - limply a moral and humanitarian affair, and accepting it at our valuation oomply with our condition, Germany be lieve that If It evade payment and Invite French ooeroloa a a oonse q Uenoa, that it will be saved never theleo because Angle-Saxon self in terest I engaged. France believes that our efforts to save Europe are no more than the revelation of our concern for oar trade. The ratws Lceka Dark. When Senator Borah declaims the conditions Europe must meet before America sots Europe smllss oven In Its misery, becauae It knows that if It oould comply with those conditions not only would It be safe but It would offer America and Britain about the most attractive Investment field that could be Imagined. But the simple troth 1 that .Germany will enly pay Under compulsion and France will resign neither the right nor the power te coerce. Exercise of thl right and preservation ef this power may wreck Burope, but the failure of Germany to pay will ruin Franoe. " , .. . . . V Thus as the rear ends the the situ ation with respect of the eternal triangle, Germany-France and -the two Anglo-Saxon oouacrles discloses twelve month of dangerous develop ments and a future darkened by ter rible and Imminent possibilities. Tn this period ef the recent past Ger many has sunk! Europe has dtstnte arnted. externally this disintegration has been disclosed In the Turkish episode, where all western "Europe, Great Britain, ' France and Italy frankly surrendered to ths will of a state Itself bankrupt and In the last stage of rain mustering hardly mere than 160,000 troop and In capable ef any larg or sustained effort. Internally the decay and disinte gration ts revealed In the proximity of fiscal bankruptcy In Franc, eco nomlo oollapse In Germany and a permanent army of nearly a million and a half of unemployed in Britain. On many side and from not a few experienced and ' eoneervattv 'com mentator one bear forecast of a complete European debacle. Moreover the plctur Is completed by the manifest determination of the Uni ted State to do nothing until Europe complies with conditions whloh are ep unlikely to be compiled with that the demand not only provoke de spair but arouses resentment. . . t , In any event, looking .baek ' over the year tbna briefly it le clear that It ha been a period of disappoint ment, disintegration, and that if It has-justi-missed. ending In' mrhram disaster, th continuing danger is ths dominating aireumstanoa In the year that la now opening. MenHst. 1931. St Ike Heelers Kesajwssr araalesa llllllllllllllllllllllillllllliiH Walker Makes Them Better iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiini 3. ! S3 On All Woolens Now In Our Stock In conformance with' our policy of closing, out all Woolens before " the beginning of a new season, we will give a reduction, begin ning Monday, of 10$ on any Woolens now in our displays. There' are many very striking as well as some fine conservative patterns, many of which are im ported fabrics. While we believe : the values , we are offering speak for themselves on the basis of the past season's market, we wish to call attention to the fact that Woolens are advancing sharply. This advance will be reflected in the prices of next season. Many imported Woolens are now $1.00 per yard higher than when we made our purchases. Discount on Overcoats We have a few Ready -To -Wear Overcoats which we will close out at and below'cost In this line ar some fine knitted as well as staple coats. T. A. WALKER TAILORING Guilford Hotel Building Altering, Repairing, Pressing v.. . 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Our experience, f inan cialresponsibility, and continued corporate existence assure to your es tate a proper administration. Let iis send you our booklet, "Safeguarding Your Family's Future," which contains much information ' upon this subject. ATLANTIC BANK AND TRUST COMPANY l v - v 1 GREENSBORO of BURLINGTON HIGH POINT Capital $1,200,000.00 Surplus Profits . .$500,000.00 3 Mi a; 3 Er-s S.-J" ES : era st . E;r - """isss f v E- t H T I! ! . I "sS ' f I ' I Ei S 1 I : 3 S J- E I s i II I t ' I t..i -WW ':
Greensboro Daily News (Greensboro, N.C.)
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Dec. 31, 1922, edition 1
11
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