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, Tublshcd weekly by .AliM'WBall, at TBtSKDotiAtk k Tsae,1 -, ' .
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1-1
National Inttlligevctr
VINDtCATtONlvH
MEASURES ; : '.K' '
PRESENT ADMINISTRATION.
v By ALGERNON SIDNEY.
Where liberty ii-mthert 'is (ountrj."
y4 ' A violent effort has been made to
y produce an immediate . tvar between
- the United States, France and Spain;
.Ftr this purpose the celebrated reso
lution of RirVRossv authorising the
president to embody . fifty thousand
. men, and to seize on NW-Orleans and
(Louisiana, and ppropriatinj; fivemU
iions or dollars lor tberxpef.ces, wert
presented to the senate. . The tocsin
. has been sounded from one extremity
to the other of the union. The oppo
.. aition, trtis to their njf eyslem of war,
tandine armies, navies, debts and pa
tronage, have been tremblingly alive
, )ott this subject. No means have bn.
o.muiea xo enecttheir objett. mt
,1ianl offers have been ttade to.the wear
. terti' people, their passions played, up
,lon, their spirit and resolution, "at one
jnoment, admired, the next, doubled'
But all to no purpose.; Those wio
,Vcre eminently useful in preventth
4war during the" last administration,
Vvho first asserted the rights of-free
jnen, and byheir Rold an manly resb
, autions said to the ruler of Aire, nation
. " thus far shaft' ttiou -go, -and no far-
ther,'. here shall thy proud career . be
stayed, have remained unmoved yvd
. firmly, attached to the interest, the
jeace, the happiness, and the govern
ment of the country. My 'surprise at
h conduct of -the opposition, U in
creased by their vtrte proclaimVp.thcir
,"want of confidence the executive.
Charity leads me to admit this orig-i-Viated
in their betfef that he was desti
tute either of tatenti or integrltyr -Tf
the first, then they have evinced a
readiness to expose the nation to .the
Wlls of a misgnicfed. and Ul-conducted
ar,. Jftre lastwhen they have ma
nifested willingness to hazard the li
pertles of the country, by intrusting
Jo a man, whom they believe unprin
cipled, the sword and treasures of the
Ration. tThey mvist elect between
these alternatives, or admit what is ge
nerally believed, that this extraordina
ry vote did not speak the-language of
fche heart, but was the chUd of party
brought into exitence m .foster tbe
apirit of disafcclion. Because the go
vernment refoses to resent the unau
thoriscd act of a Spanith tntendant by
' t dfchraipjn,of war, beforr it had de-'
Ttianded an epldfihion from therpn.
of Spain, ,ti want of energy is daily
proclaimed. 'Nothilt standing the
Spanish mwiislcri and th Frenclj
Charge de Al"irs, have In the most
polemn manner assured governmenjt,
that the rights of, Spoilt will be .r:
stored and our Interest respected'and
cherished ; notwithstandipjthry have J
vnuea in an enacaTour 10 procure us
immediate redress .(and there Ujwt
tcason to hope that at this moment
the prohibition ij t'altep oft) still it is
resounded in jIUrcara,. i but for Uie.
fears of the president we thtuid soon
be in possession of Ije w-Orleans, we
sMuld teach the Rations of Europe to
respect our rights. The president
yndoubtcdly has hjs fears I ljut fears
ef personal nature, becinnot have,
his high statidri jicd tie duties of hit
nice, place him above them He
tears to do wrong. . lie fears to create
a standing srmy, and thereby jeopar
dize Uie liberties of the country, to in,-,
crese the executive power In his own.
Lands and those of Ins successors. Ho
Crars to oppress the people by tax vp
m tax, to dct(roy our cpmrcerce nd
6thrrics ty n unnecessary war. He
fears to transmit to postcniy a debt in
creased to such decree as To entail sla
very upon them, to demorslisa the
- people, to bury in mt i omruou grate,
in the sickly refjions of Horlda, the ro
bust yeomanry, Uie! hsrdy fishermen
and the usr ful mechanics of the cation,
lie fcurt the imprecations of frtic
mothers, and still more frantic wis,
bcwtilinif, the lost of their chitJrtn
ni husbands. And lastly be fears to
(Tend the majesty of heavenbyiftflict
inp misery an4 vrftchedness on Rre
tuinioniof people intrusted tblicarc
and protection.
From the commencement of the ro
vernrrm.t to the inauguration of the
nr:entetecutive, Utougb the eastern
tutet hire constantly boasted of their
Mipiriov atrtngth, rot an arsenal or
'Vtoryi f fuUtury sUrcs, hss ever
; ' Iron- tht
been established inlte weitefn coan
iry, or souU) of theEotomacktQf the.
monres expended la Jortlfi cation find
for defence, not one dollar ' in six: tWs
been applied In these states. ' Now the -members
from the hfew-England
states, -whose'repesentatives hereto
fore voted to lodk up the MisissiDti
for tvehty-ftve years,' express'the most
j tender concern for that part of the un
ion. .Happy will it hi fof this country,
experience shill prove their pretenJ, .
sions sincere tv But I cannot forget
that the persons who heretofore for
years, have bestowed upon the people
of that country, the epithets of " the
wild m;n of the woods of Kentuckey,''
" thebanditi of ' . whisky boys," u the
Sweepings ofthe earth,t' enemies to
religion, orjer an.d goverpmnt " who'
hava treated wjtiinUmfi tfr iftdi
nity their -solemn act of legislation,
and who have proclaimed:' their wish
Tjt a sepiratipii, nor 'chafiehge thelf
first confidence. Is' there no reason to
believethat irritated and tbagrine! at
their loss of powjer 'and of the confi
dence of the people, they have seized
upon the uvjfconduct of the Inteiidant
of jJew-Otlcans .with a view to embar
rass government, and, in a foment of
passion, to push the western people
to some act, disgrncefal and ruinous
to themselves and to tti nation ? For
let ra Ask, from whence has origina
ted in the minds of tXcppositiori tfvw
affection for, the' western countyy, at
Once 0 noval andirrewstable, so, vast
and unbounded, 'so tender and gloVvin
that burns like the crator 6 Etna, and
that threatens by the bursting of its
lava,. td..-d.verwhejn the honour the
pKe arid the happiness of this notion?
From the. bleak mountains of Nova
Scotia to the pestilential heats of Flo
rida, from the recess of the forest to
the billows of the ocean, not a member
of the oppositlon'can be found, higher
loi-greatpmidl, rich or poor, learni
ea or -ignorant, whose mind is not
touched with this ardent flame, who
does not sigh for some - relif " of this
burning Java. Not, one, who has. not
heard the hoarse thr.nder of war rum
ble through the welkin', who has not
seen Uie moor dyed with' blood, and the
M finger of heaven pointing to 'war.
All exclaim for it immediately, und
for the capture of New-Orleani. .;
, .What chicms does not New-Or-Lians
possess ? Slic is indeed a talis
man.. Seize but upon her, and the
mighty' power of France, of. Spain, of
Italy and of Holland, Vanish like spirits
at the approad) oj light. TCc United
Stat:s become iro pre ;rn able1 1 no points
left for attack. The Mobilc.the Tcrlii
bifj'Aee, the Altamalm, ,and the St.
Mary's, are dried to their" sodjxes.-r?
Our commerce, our fishet .es, bur cji
ties, and cut toyrt, arc all protected
from issault, and the war is ended ire
his commenced. Omit to scire upon
)ierind instantljr from the Mississippi
to the Soutl Sf the haun.t of vt'ild
beasts are ttftiisformtd Intd princely
paUccs, locy towns and richly cultiva
ted ficlvs. The oak, the sycamore and
the cypress, become wddiers anun,
happy race rises up amonjus and btit
cRersourwiyos ar'd chllcren. The
energies of the nation are palsied, and
she forereiVruined. x. , i
yttremblc as I write. " Sdr'c'y this
cannot be the child of fancy, it must
be a reality y in some hidden volume
of the boakf it. was registered,
ourgtiarian angel made the discoverv.
Sc whispered it in the'ear of ImmVi!
l r j v . . . . ...
otn jrunat. r.ne yiy is r. prociaim
ed, .echoed aaj re-echoeoL from one
end of the un.ontothe oil er, bv thoj
whp tUim a superior regard to reH
region order and happiness J, why are
we urged to instant war 1 , Why is the
government crnsuped for making ot
etTort toprterre peace ? It-lias p
ken tathe nation interested, in Uie rei
pettfU Atroni; langua .of freemen.
It has solemnly pledged itself to main
tain inviolate tbe rights of the people
and nation. It Ins mJ. provUion
lor the dernier resort, an jpcilta
arms.
, Yet despair should r,ot drirt-'us to
midntM. It is possible that the ad
vocates of war hate taken the nil ft.
Mfn$ of Anutrit for her ruardian tnrel.
The rights of our western brethren!
are sacred, they never will be neglec
ted, surrendered or bartered. On the
other hand in tbe estimation of
Itood man, the pre servaUon of peace
In discussing Dibjcts sointerestirj,''
uxnu M uncy snnuiu give juce , to
cool refbxtion an the . a rdor of pt
sion to the dictates of sound dfscre
lion. ' . :
,y4cnever the rii;M of nation art
Wiled, it becomes the dutttb
.inUra.to seek redress.; vWliere ; the
f safety of the state isiilmit, this re -
4ress i to be sought, fijst.bv -amical
ble conference and negotiation, and
in case these fail! by resojrt tonvar -
;This rule is laid dowpi by all the , wri- j
tirs unon ftatutal law. and Dractlsed fcv7 1
,mtf 'tHe haifbHs" j&f 'the earth. ' It
-'results from nature itself, and, : from5
the obligations yve are under to constilf
J as, wcjllthe happiness otxtheMt as dt '
OurswiVes.'y Wlideverpefles upon";!
;. the miseries of warj tjSl ' agree with,
; the writers ipon thartftiject, that it i
jusunea onif by extremities.; ;jot to
sweu me volume ot numan wop, ; ir, a
duty we oie to ourselves and 'jiianklhd
at laxge. Now 'the safetyAjf state was
j not endangered by denying the riglit
i,0 deposit at NeV-Qrleans ajight
-ucrjearom jtrcaty ?Iofji- It -was
therefor thcfiiuty ojrfcrnment, 'as
it was- the.' interest-' rr tie ygople to
endeavour'towain the exercjise-ofthat
by i:goGiation. ; The oMigatroiftapoft
governmont taarlo;rt. this coiivse, was
heightened ')) the consideration, that
the act coirtplJmed of was npt -thc-iact
of. the Spanil( govefrinlent, b(M of a
subordinate officer of that nation. ,
,:i..To.infcIvo the nation jtft all the hor
rt rs of war, fur the Unlawful' - and un
authorised act of a subordinate" officer,'
would be the Jierphtjf political depra
vity. It wQuld iu'jrorfuce. a rule of
which we could not domplain, and un--
w.mv.11 mis nuuon at : any v' tut.urs
time, mihtbe.inV6lj:ed in war by Uie
unlawful and wanton ct cf any one of
her officers. It would U virtually
transferring, the all important Questions
ofwarani.pear.e fro the representa
tives f .the peoplei and the govern
ment of.the country, to the 'captain of a
PJigate. '' - .
: The act of an Individual ft3rr nr
f subject, does not become the arl rjlh'"-
nation to which he belongs, vtintil. the
nation has sanctioned it, as it is im- '
posiible tor the most' vigilant vwt best
regulated g.-yvrnnisut to control the
actions of iu au'tVU an; subjects, and
to brin' t Win i iii'iVi .i,,,,!;...
on an nccasutns. Hence
dent which nitw it b;con)e I'af to the j
wmv peace of this n;ti.-., arjdjjuly 1
ui.-ruuu i ic execration ot the worl n
There is reason to believe. 'that riot
only a complete reitoealion.bulan cn
fcrifument H our rlsfts w-hskc place.
Tfayr let the p:pij! judge between
tfee who hV bsetr every means in
tl:3r power to inflanetVe pnblifc'mjnd
anrl to Involve thenatiuo ra war,' ?ntl
those -wl) have laboured ft issanlly to
rcgairt tlr enjoynents i 4ur rights,
and to prcscrvr -peace and Jr.rtUP!. .
..Gftvernment hns rcprrsriitcd ti the
opiniwi court trte vioLilorv of mtr
rights by the iutemlafit, indderoaml
immrdiatc atiiLcjion. Indemnity
for the past, and security, for the fu.
ture," arc expected.- SilimtU Sp tf
lilte neglectful of htr udty and hejt in
tercsU withoU f,xm us that satisfac
tion .which justice decrees, til will u
nltcin tbo rccesilty of war. 'By at
tempting t avoid its evil? .y-e shall
have given to Europe, evidence ofor
disposition u Jive in,p?ace and dcA
ncighbourlxrvlj we baU become uni
ted, and juirce will arrange herself
efier o-ir Lanners. Bylvnti1v de
flaring W.r, witlwut-askij? Redress,
ws viouia naverjttd chcc,ntents a
roocg ur wn citizens, and iu.tN
wakened the suspicions and jealousies
vi un moc i.Bopcan powers who
have American possessions:.
. The cabinet of Su James Vbt pos-'
lilly have, reioiccd at the evcqt ; but
would It not have occurred o them,
that the same power ihich Ladselicd
upon N.ew-Orlcisi, might at any mo
ment, rpon as light or Jess provocation,
seize upon the Canadas, Nova Scqtia,
New-Brunswick, and the Bihama
and in a few years uponthntr West.
India possesions? Our highest inter.
rstf irqnrftthst we tboiM evince to!
Ill rorld a ttrict regard for justice, a '
faithful pcrfAmanceof all our tMsgfr 1
ments, and a desire to cultivate friend-1
shin, peace and rood will with all. 1
In cue warhal become necessary I
yUa newevil wai)e nation have in-'4
furred by ihc.delsy,! The mUocates '
for that measure san ' France will be !
in possession or Levins I" And wilt '
she riot be lr xwe'von of tUc ro
tincc before we could have rhJ an
nTytrwAt. J.adleh Uclrcd at. the '
, fu
wi
lhatthj government by dechrin 'Var J nabr 7SZ ) ZreZi
Uce-rwoU Sfiann fct:0lihrt aOrere- irtront).-diniV.tl.. v.!. c. i.- I --. r? 1- " qr.re.cl .
comtinccmcTit c4 the sc,inof con-
reii,p;;ycntVe.CicuUe.fcat'
possessed tfff.f ift-'lnai ppVer on '
l seric-.i'f I-. cr:e !na - .'is
, . ; ' .
- jK - r - .. - s. i . : . 1 1 i r " - ' ' r i '
-' N : 'V.
Fnnce becauKthe inteftdant of New
Orleans has: dosedthat port which is
ceded tq'Francc, who has committed
no infraction of our rights ? Will any
mart say that -war sbalj.be levied upon
France for the roiscoijdoct of ' Spa-
,nish offici i or will any one deny, that
taking possession of New-pricaqs,
which s'laily expected to pass fttothe
posses'Vn of France, to4 whom it us
long srnce been ceded, jvill in act be
tnakimj war against her i A we had
seized opop tfiat place, wfmust have
frptained it'against hetave res't
r?d it tfhen .she came 4dtake posles
sion. If we restored it ' to her, then
what advantage should wti' train bv the
fciciifice lyli wopld xertainly excite I
'V jcaujusy. . -f. we rciftin .a long,
bloody and ardtVus. war mut be thj
con-wjquencd The people ofrhe wes-i
tefn country would be depriX ed of the
ycirs than they have en, "brVrtIfTBe, !
months unxier the policy pursued by '
me aciflitftisteatioii. BesidesolTwbat !
pnncrplft should: we justify the deten-1
"on : certainly, not' on account of the
, conduct of th Spanish i Cendant. " '
uut ftay.. . the advocates for war,
France U,ja. powerful, ambitious fend
l"Mg nation, "she has proved the
cession of Louisiana to draw-r. cordon
around these states. The nation there
fore has the right of levying war to.
ward off a future evil. An infant co
lony "planted in the wildeafeis for a
cordef to bridle this union!! As
well migftt she set a sergeant's guard
to overawe the peonle ofPafis:' Irea.
dily admit the iraportahce of attaching I
that country -to the union, because ;
thereby we shall be forever secured
frQpijthe wars and intrigues of Furope.'
Wt-should then hhVe no interest in I
furmin.-j political connections with the ,
miritim: powers. But I maintain.!
th-jt, by the laws of nations, the cV- '
j sion of territory by one rtfjion to an.it
t her, docs nnt create a rixht of wariri
tha alining. np.:ion.That nailbh
v Ti t ,noV-ll,1?cert "at'1 " netr
-ii'inj
ar decIarcs-V.war, but until she
own frights
rule appean
or the like. This'
rs to imply r.ith nsrti.
j V'"vr "rce is) me present case, for
rr.iirf nearf a cwitury before we
naa a settlement on the wcslcm v.ix
tern, vs the proprietor of thisjcolony.
By tht forlwie of war she its corp.
pclicd to cede it ;ragajn,' by the fori !
June of war, she Mi ivv-n enabled '.
tegain it. , Her reclaiming an ancient
ciWnr founded by herself anj ceded i
b? the jKstr, ranurt give a just '
r'.:jht ofar toiler old-'rcjbor, nor
can I bcTeve siti Ji war. if insL wtu,
be poiitu. ' . ; : ,V3
But rt it said if we we're In -possession
or .N -Orleans," Frant could not get
a foot4 old, and the VotiArynjf .mue
wu.l become Ti.. 'f lfve,
Vdu!d not alter the justice of the ewe!
So it m'urht be said that if we seized
upon Montreal it would gtva us Uie ,1
command el the St. Lawrence, tlie
wMtyn lakes and the upper f,aada.
It tbve no point of a'.tck fora the '
fesklty be confined o Ntw-Orlcais ?
No. If there be a war It y,Rl rage in
all prt. lVMl deMroy our navica-
tion, commerce and fisheries, an t !!
may produce serious calamities tooVir
aea ports. I fcar'not the issue of a
just war i strong in ourselves, postcs
cd of ctcfy rmtif rial ncoertarf for war,"
and removed three tV.our.j.ud miles
from tbe powers that alone win at'.ack
s on American ground, we re csr
tain oftventifal success. All wars rt?f
this continent must terminate in the'
Aggrandisement of this nation and the
exttnsion of her territory. Bui to I
naiioo of farmers, and artizms, rlorr
and happiness are essentially different. 4
Wncn.IrancQ takes possession of
that country ahe.will cultivate ptap.t
and rtod neig!borboed, or invite' war.
lithe former, the twor.ltiors will be
tnutuilty useful and beneficial j if the
latter, her eobmv cannot thrite or be- .1
come dangerous. It is peace and per , I
severing indkl.tryftlone, thaj rtn build H
IT a powerful co'.f.nf . Ilflt r. fdv.w 1
catrs fop wap ennttuA t!.c rnlnn iH
thrire. Adrmt the fact. skill we. 0
And by the-time aay colony (ranee f
canetUbhslHshan taal In tr.ngtb
sj, sverage ttate In the t.nmn, we sk.ll
is(isa power-tuiU to I ranee herv
Ulf, in nuTnbe'retomcs and thV
la.iorw That.the po.mH a I
hty pewtr at M, mncnt 1 admit i i
thjs U ore reason why we should not I
wsninnrressuily. Sht has come
U brr jrom'.h srd splendor i wests'
i ' f
' N- "i .. . '. , . .; .4 t
m loi (iws. I. nirii4hf mm. ii .f.i.x.i .n...- i. t :...-.... i . .
in the very, grlttle; our bones, thcug" v
sufficjen't for any necessary conflict
have not yetacquired Uieir soliditV .
and strength." Time is every Uiirig ti)
this nation. Frante is unden.hecom- ,
-mandof ajalia:)t and Cnrt'tiViate kadcr..
Before a powerful colony cin be raised
up in Louisiana, he will be la.din the:,.:
tomb of his ancestor's, &; nattire rarely
gves great rulers to ajnatiiin succeiV '
sion. 1 he brilliant exploits of a creat .
warrior inspire the world vdUi awe.
Jiut the effect is transitofy; The con;'
quests ot 1 amerlane have long.beefi
celebrated. His posterity tecame vaa-
sais. yrus made Asia bow. to' th
Persian, scepjre. Darius lost; tfce"lia v
dem from his head. Alexander com
qiiered the world his empire dhvt
with, him. Louis the J4th threatened '
W overturn the., liberties of Europe j -.
4t'i the enjd his.' 'throne tbiteredodef
Wm. Not ufrequently hastt happen! .
ed that the prudence of the1 warrior.
lost in the splendor of His victories,
and he closes his career on the kycl
from which he started.. ' . ' . A '
- But what of this mTghty power,' c'a
she change thetoure efqatUre ? Ca
she force colonies into nm,.;. i.
She nay protect them, and can do no
more. The colony of Louisiana; rn,l-
deDchd unon the dail
fcWomy ot the citizens; They will
-. -....w vuuiu.i me cud ui an un
healthful climate. , They wil have ti
.reduce the forests at an eWleaa iabof
rnq expense, to dram thtir marshes
to make roads and bridges, furnislL
themsevesith cornfbrfable buidingi
and every other " convergence .of lifel
.Without an influx of people from Eu
rope, it must take the colony-a centur
to nuiVe any considerable strength1.
With. that influx Uj'ey must furnislj
ui with a market, & depend updh )4
for the'hecessariesj'of li Tcr formar.V
years. I rom its Pea-raphical situation!
;j the colony mutt -ever derive ftom us
principally, the conveniences and iux
Juries oforein countries. The mes
chants of our capitals must be their".
J iJOM;A s p A;l N E
T. a ipt Cirutxs er rri Ukitmb
Srjrttsi '
. t LETTER1 VI I. J 1
Rellg'o'n arj war is ih5 cVof tlVi
iie
NhMl; morahtvand peace the
voue f trpiiblicans. Thetiriol
f moralify rld peace is congenial
but that br.'retiitioh andAvar is pt;
ndox, and the fylmlon cf it is hyL.
crify. . ' - .1
.'Thrleadaj of the federalist have
nnjLrgment j,. theft plal.s nH con:
sid conquered without fyncrri,
Were they, at c'oUori. to nre.'
fcribe rrrdicine, as. ihry pcttii-f
puliiic;.ihcy would poifnn'their'paw
tscnts with dcllrudiye compound
Th re are nor'two things mora
rpperid tio cith .oih.er than-war'
and reliAvb j and yet in. the 4oabl
pame, ihorc leaders Isarfc io pla.y'
ti e one is neceirarily the theme of
Oieir rH'lii!c. ,snd . the other tha
Itxl ol ihcir fcrmoiji. .The wctk-?
Hayofitot of Man, nd the Sot day
j teachef 'of ieJcral grace, playlk'
:aiblti, intp each mlicri lianJi,
and tliii thry call religion,
1 bnihypocrify cah wbrilcr
felt every virtue, "tod become the af-
fotiate ovcry vire, It rrrjuirei a
fcrest dexterity of craft trf giro if
the power of deceiving. A painted'
ffinteiy glilTVnbUt it cannot vrarr.
For l.ypocnfy lo perfonsf f irtti
fucccufully, h mull kho'tr and feel
what virtue il ani iHt ranncf
"R 6tMt it cannot Uir.g deceive')
When animator foaming fW war '
bteathi forth Sn ahojher Jentence
fltmihv fitly e tv., be "
t write bypociilr on hit lio'ri,
Th tie brttmt nf .tU r..t..:ti
leaden in conjnfi .(fci'iSW jded'"
MfltiOU ,he knowJc.fgl cft.hcf
c9nUitUf n!l) f fu
, , - J., , I 1
M. n4l
tuf "''". !' tnMt
c j irorsrce,.ad Idlcdin
JkkeJneri. The bead ,nf.tb
partner fotht pime.
'A nrflea of JttiOuilit Ja ii .
--, , . . , n. iu. mi.ia II llirif
1 1 ency of parts nd Want of con
IiHcncy .if the natual conf q.'ience of
the Want of pimple. They exhfw
ni itMkT.u..u -Siting hierla"
tie of an pfji'ij 'it. without a caisd
i
n
I