Newspapers / The Asheville Times (Asheville, … / Sept. 23, 1911, edition 1 / Page 8
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.. 4 Saturday, September 23, 1911. PAGE EIGHT THE ASHEVILLE GAZETTE-NEWS. H t t t t i WOMEN FARMERS AND GARDENERS MANY WOMEN ARE GAINING HEALTH AND WEALTH BY TILLING THE SOIL. By B. 15, Lara, Illinois. Whenever w so In S newspapers and magaslnea, aa we oft an do, com- ments ou the disrupting of the home and fear expressed regarding the lessening of home Influence because of women entering; the various fields of labor, we recall the following words of the late Susan B. Anthony. Miss Anthony waa woman's friend and never voiced a rentiment nor sug gested any course of action, which would In any way tend to other than th uplifting of women. She said: "Nothing can destroy the 'home life. The more women become the equals of men and the more they are considered as equals the stronger will the home Mfe become. Women used to be considered as dependents, but now, with their Increasing educa tion, ability and opportunities, they are better able to make the home life , what It should be. The increasing activity of women in all branches of ; Industry la simply the result of our ! Improved civilization. Many women bread winners have chosen strange careers for themselves in various parts of the world. Their example may Inspire others, if not to adopt like professions, to act upon the principle which guided them to choose the one thing they could do which waa near at hand. In the South there Is a woman who not only personally delivers mall over a 40-mlle route, riding over a scantily settled region thrice weekly during the entire year, but manages a large farm as well, doing much of the manual labor herself, and sup ports, by her energy and courage a family of six. Miss flora Mclntyre among her bees. Out In California Is a daffodil farm conducted by a woman. Sorting and ' shipping to eastern markets, as well as the filling of dally orders for the local markets in time of bloom, make her life a strenuous one, for here, as to everything else, success depends upon continuous care and labor. In the Sacramento valley, the wife of an Eastern physician, raises olives. That she also sells them Is attested by the fact that a great factory on her ranch prepares for the eastern markets large quantities of luscious ripe olives. Another woman In California has made a fortune growing nuts. While waiting for the nut trees to reach their maturity this itrnti raUo1 pampas grass between the tree rows, and cleared as high aa 88000 a year from this alone. T h "stuffed prune" Industry brought a competence to another woman, who thrown upon her own resources, availed herself of the ad- Is ins saw close at hand. Chi. KEEPING ; A great deal of celery is now being : grown on the farm, more than ever ; before, as farmers find 'his crop not difficult and always salable. Where but a small quantity is to be i stored for winter sale cr use In the family, it can be banked up with earth here th planta are grown. I The earth should be placed around the base of the plants to hold them In good form and where they can remain ( without . further banking until there ; is danger of a hard frost The earth should be turned up to the very tops of the plants, almost ' covering them, and then aa the . weather becomes colder the ridge ahould be covered with coarse stable ' manure, straw or corn fodder held In ' place by mean of board fastened ' with sticks. i A very good method for th farm Is to dig a pit say 84 Inches deep, three ; feet wide and of the necessary length. The soil In the bottom mould be loos . ened to form a bed in wLlch th roots of the celery may be set ; Pack this trench with fully grown j CARE OF THE CALVES, Th young calves ar especially .' eusoeptabl to the ravage ot flies and ' It will seldom prove profitable to al , low them out of the barn except for , exercise during the night when the file will not prove troublesome. There are numerous remedlos that may be ... used aa fly repellents but the follow ing formula recommended by Doctor Moor has given excellent aatlsfao- tlon wherever used and wher many 4 of the expensive preparation have : failed to perform what their manufac turers claimed tor them. "h oil ioo parts Oil of tar to parts Crude carbolla acid ....... 1 part The oost ot the mixture la about to centa a gallon and It may be ap plied with a hand sprayer every two days. Some prefer applying the mix ture once a day using lighter appli cations. Loads of clover and other forage hauled to the (table every two or three days will keep the calves and cows in excellent condition and the re no. ure thus made will nearly pay f r the im'r'n!.-,i labor required in ' an.! twilling. . -i " r... ; :r tve r v.?'..r...Wp WW cago and New York markets now de mand all the output from this woman's ranch. Her great success Is due to her dainty and artlatlo manner of packing the export. In the constantly broadening field for women workers, no occupation seems better suited to the artistic beauty-loving temperament of women than the raising of flowers. Many women are today very successful florists, prominent among them being Mrs, Durand planning tier work. a Minneapolis woman, who has by rare executive ability and strictly hcnest dealing. Increased her plant from year to year, until now she Is one of the most successful florists in America. Her flower seeds are well known. Flower-loving women every where are proud of this "Pioneer Seedawoman". There are three well-known women landscape architects In New York who have taken practical courses in gar dening and are practicing their pro fession within a radius of 100 miles of that city. Miss Grace Tabor of r ston, laid out many of Newport's beautiful estates. One of the largest western railroads employs the services o." an expert woman landscape gardener by the year to lay out the plots about the stations and at the big railroad termi nals. There Is a private soliool of horti culture for women In Pennsylvania which offers courses of Instruction in the growing of vegetables, fruits and flowers, the raising of poultry and bees, and, much to the point, the art of marketing the produce. Agricultural colleges all over the country have special courses for women. At first there were no women students, but gradually they crept in, a few at a time, until now large num bers are applying for admission. The last census showed 107,701 women farmers in the United States and this year has added many hun dreds to that number. Mrs. Scott Durand, of Illinois, Is a notable example of the progressive and prosperous woman farmer. She Is but one of a great army of women who are wrestling from the soil a comfortable living If not a fortune, Mrs. Durand has demonstrated what can be done with a modern, model 'airy, run on sclentlflo and san itary principle. Chicago gladly pays what many are pleased to term "fancy prices" for the clean, wholesome milk delivered from Mrs. Durand's dairy. In Just one year this enterprising woman cleared 811.898 from her farm. In New Jersey two women, the "Hunt aiatars". formerly school CELERY ON THE FARM plants, placing the roots close to gether, with considerable soli adher ing to them. As the celery Is placed In the imich It should be well watered and then allowed to remain open long enough for the tops to become dried oft. Unless the soli Is very dry at the time of storing, or extended warm 'eathcr should follow, it will not be necessary to apply any mora water. Place a 12-Inch board on edge along Cross-Sect Ion of Hotbed Pit need for storage of Celery on a small scale. growth we can hardly fall to see that we should do all in our power to Im prove their condition In fly time. W. M. K. LITTLE LIFTS ON THE FARM. ' If you must use the wagon harness for field work take off the backhands and substitute a broad band of plain leather for comfort and lightness. Take a look at the powerful little engines at the Etate Fair this fall; they are the gretae"" tabor savers ever, and their cost vlll not be missed. If you do not have time to run the separator and have no engine, rig up a tread mill and put Tlge on the Job, teachers, have won fortune and re nown by their milk wagon which dis penses the products of their fine herd of Guernseys, Keeping bees has proven a veritable gold mine for many women. From 129 colonies of bees Miss Emma Wil son, of Illinois, harvests over 10.000 sections of honey. Miss Chandler, of Wisconsin, makes bees pay well. She has 800 colonies. Miss Flora Mclntyre, of California, made her bees pay her expenses through the State University, and many more Instances might be cited where women hava found health and happiness as well as competence In similar lines of work. Do not place your fruit In competi tion with another by dividing ship ments In any market Never ship fruit to a market that la over stocked and weak. Your com mission merchant will send you dally quotations on a postal card. Extensive farming and dairying don't go together. It takes small barns and intensive farming to make good dairymen. Just as long then as the average farmer wants to own all the land that Joins him, and under takes to farm It all, he isn't going to pay much attention or take much in terest In dairying. one side of th trench and bank np tho surplus earth o- th outside; cover th trench with a roof of boards, sash, straw on poles, or corn stalks from which the tops have been removed, placing the stalks across the pit with one end resting on the board and the other on the ground; spread over this a light covering of straw or other material which will pack close, and a th weather become colder. Increase th covering to keep out the frost Celery stored In this manner will keep until late In the winter, and while th method is too laborious for application on a large commercial scale. It Is to be recommended for the use ot the farmer and small grower because of Its simplicity. Th unused pit of a permanent hot bed may be utilised aa a storage place for celery by removing the surplus e:.rth and substituting a covering of boards lor the scsh. Th Cilery Is stored In the same nianner aa in th trench, and the bed may be covered with any material which wilt keep out frost TO PREVENT TOOLS FROM RUSTING. in ataal tonl will fiia it --..--4 to damp air, yet I have found that iuuib luujKini u me following treat ment every three montha win ! n,.i unless actually thrown on the ground or exposea 10 nam rain. Take two Dart each ot rraDhlta and tallnv mnA one part gum camphor; melt together, ana ik not buic enougn to rorro a atlfl past add more tallow or lard. Re move all rust from th steel surface, wipe dry and apply the paste. Let it remain on for twenty-four hours, then rub dry. tTnleas tha tnnl l n,.. even longer than on day wilt be still oetter tor tne tool to be covered with the oreDaratlon. Tha ahnva tlon has the effect of a coating ot oil tnougn every vestige ha apparently been removed for months. -H. H. W. ' Whan th apple crop is ready grade ft carefully, pack according to the de mands of your market whether In barrels or boxes, and always In clean packages. Scour In young calves can be rhrkei! by feeding a tennpoonful of (if'! Mood for eai.ii calf In two qunrla A WORLD-FAMOUS COW DeKol Queen ' la Polka Ind," pro duced lit pounds of milk In a single day, 848.S In seven days and 8,171 In 80 days. . Her record In milk yields for one, seven and thirty flays, Is said to beat that of any other cow In the world, as does her 80-day butter test 145.18 pounds. This wonderful cow consumes no more feed than a scrub that will not produce enough milk and butter to pay for what aha eats, and In that fact lies the great advantage of owning well bred cattle of large producing qualities. Queen Polka Is owned by Clayton Slsson of Bhlrbume, N. Y. Hale, the Connecticut fruit man who ha made a' great fortune In the business, select one commission hoiui In each large market city and sticks to him as long as he gets a square deal. Ha says that he finds It pays to go to the same market year after year and the great mistake of many fruit growers Is In the shifting about. The man who Imagine he knows all there Is to know about dairying without attending the short course for dairying at the Agricultural colleges or without reading a reliable farm paper Is making a great mistake be cause no one man can hold all there Is to know- about the dairy business. The important thing Is to cool milk as soon as it Is drawn because bac teria does not multiply In the cold milk and therefor It keeps sweet very much longer. , DE K0L QUEEN LA POLKA READING CREAM TESTS In th Babcock test-bottle the bot tom of tha fut column la practically a straight line but the top has a concave surface and th que tlon as to whether the fat should bo read at the top,, the bottom, or some other point has been much discussed. This uncertainty may be entirely overcome by -dropping a small quan tity of alcohol into th neck ot the test bottle after tha cream test is completed. The alcohol floats In the top and changes its concave surface to nearly a straight line. As the use of the alcohol dissolves the fat there fore reduoe the length of the column and give too low a reading, this can b overcome by first 'aadlng to the alcohol all the fat It will dissolve and then pouring a small quantity of this fat-saturated alcohol on tbe top ot tne rat column in the test bottle. Tho diagrams in the figure show the difference. In bottl No. 1 It shows the top curve of the fat which occupies a space between A and B or nearly 1 per cent of the scale. - The test should be read II or 80, depend ing on tha selection of A or B as the point to which It is read. In bottle No. 8 the alcohol makes a straight line at the top of tho fat column, so that the test can be read at that point without any uncertainty. . ii a,.,f . .. A Minnesota woman writes: "I once had a good deal of trouble In cleaning the slime from the side of the bowl of my sepnrator, but aftor I had li'nrr.id to rrpune the InsMe rt the I M l ' U liutij I l)d vry 1 ' i. 1 STORAGE A WELL VENTILATED AND To build a sweet potato storage house or dry kiln that will hold 8000 bushels, mark oft a foundation 88x88 feet extending east and west Then mark off a 1-foot space all around this on the Inside and build a concrete wa'l two feet high and one foot thick, with an even, level surface to lay the s: r on. Cut off eight feet at the east end and build a concrete wall on foot thick from side to side, the same height aa the outside wall. In the center of the east-end space dig a cellar six feet deep, five feet wide and 10 feet long, leaving a five foot shelf on each side. This cellar Is to be used for a fire box, where you place a stove to produce heat for the house. Cement the entire bottom, sides and top surface of the ground in the 80x7 area. At the center of this 10-foot cellar there should be a hole for a stove pipe through the partition wall, about 18 Inches below the top of the wall; also at a distance of about five feet on each side of this stovepipe-hole there should be a six-inch tile set In the partition wall, with the end of the tile on the Are side about six Inches below the top of the walL This tile should slop upward so that on the opposite side of the parti tion its mouth will be even with the top of the walL In the east end of the fire-box oppo site the stovepipe hole, set a six Inch 2ND MAKING It 1 not enough to simply grind th apple Into cider, then roll under the shade of a tree or Into the cellar and patiently wait till the vinegar la made. To make good vinegar the apples should be about rip but not mellow, and H'" U ground and pressed the cider should be strained Into clean barrels. . While apple should be clean, It Is not best to waah them before grind ing, and no water should be used In the cider. It Is well known that the changing from sweet cider to vinegar begins as soon as the Juice leave th apple and continues through the various stages from six to eighteen months, the time depending on conditions and treat ment If the cider la tept In a warm cellar or other convenient place and a cake of yeast dissolved In water Is added for every five gallons, It will hasten QUICK MEAT SMOKING. The old smoke house method of smoking meat is too slow and bother some and many do not like the con densed smoke. The following method readily recommends Itself to all for quickness, .cheapness and effective ness. We have kept meat treated by this process through th entire lea son. Bore a One-Inch hole In the bottom of a barrel. Invert th barrel, hang ing a piece of meat through the hole by a looped wire, passing a sm.ll stick through th loop, to hold th meat In place. ' : Next, scoop out a shallow basin la the ground a little smaller than the barret. In the depression build a smouldering fir t chip of cobs, whichever Is th more convenient (we prefer th cobs). Now place tha barrel and th meat over the Are. leaving a small opening at the ground to form a draught and you can smoke your meat to perfec tion in a very few minutes. If several plocea are to be smoked any number of barrels may be operated at the same time and with equal results. It Is advisable to keep a constant watch during. this process; In fnct. It is ne.ressnry that one do so, lest too much drauKht be allowed and the nn-t f"t too 4rm, t'.n j . , j OF SWEET POTATOES ' ,'- . - ' ill. FROST PROOF HOUSE S ABSOLUTELY ESSENTIALS By R. B. Raahlnc, Missouri, '-.'X: '' 'X, . til In th bottom of the and wan, level with th bottom of the stove, letting It extend through to th oppo site edge of th wall, where it will connect . with another six-Inch til standing Upright Just outside the wall. This will furnish a current of cola air Into the fir box, which will aid in driving th hot air underneath th floor of the storage-house. Fill the 10x88 area with dirt to within three inches of the top of the wall, pounding It down with a maul during the process of filling. Dig a trench lengthwise through the center from the stovepipe-hole to the west end of the area, and lay a line ot eight-inch tile so that the top will be three Inches below the level of the toj of th wall. Connect the west end of this eight- inch tile with a brick flue built up inside the wall and extending about two or three feet above the roof. Cover the beaten dirt in tbe 80x88 area with grarel cr finely broken stones to a depth of two Inches when well beaten down. Then cover the entire surface with cement tiven with the top of the well, leaving open the mouths of the tiles on either side of the stovepipe. Now this makes a r-.t-proof foundation that will never be troubled with dampness or freez ing. For the framing of this building us good 8x4 stuff, placing on stringer around the top of the wall even with It. outside edge and another stringer even with its Inside edge. Place a series of 8x4 studs, elgtt feet nine Inches long, in an upright position on each sill, and toenail them to the sills. Before placing the stud ding, locate the door three feet wide In the clear, and th windows about tw feet wi le and six feet high. There should be four window on each side; two In the west and on In the east end.-. The door should be In the tast end. near the south side. After placing the studding, nail on a 8x4 piece for a plate. ' Now tako 8x joists 88 feet long and nail them to the studs Just beneath the plat so you can cell to them on the under side. Place some 8x4 pieces lengthwise between the studding where you want to nail the boxing; divide the height and Insert th first railing three feet from the. top of . the sill and the second railing three feet above that so that you can nail the boxing at two places In the middle and at each end. Before putting on th boxing take heavy felt paper or tarred roofing and nail it to the outside of the studding. After the outside Is boxed up, get some sound, dry sawdust and fill In the wall as you cell up the -inside. Be very careful to beat and pack the sawdust firmly as you cell up the wall. You now have a solid 18-inch wall of sawdust commencing on the GOOD CIDER the fermentation so that It ruay be completed within two or three months. Not until ' then should vinegar "mother" be added, but when It loses the bitter taste and begins to get sour it should be racked oft and the barrel washed out or It ahould be put into a clean barrel and soma old vinegar and mother put In. A Modern Cidor-Prrjw, rapablo ot making 20 barrels per tiay. RACK FOR FEEDING 81IEEP, Sheep should always be fed In a rack or trough. A good rack may be made of any slse or length desired, but the bottom should ba hiirh ..,i.h from the ground to allow the sheep to iua uii any muse leaner or grain that is scattered about It tho trough Is placed on the ground, animals will run over It and foul the feed. It should be very strongly constructed of boards not less than on Inch thick and th top piece, running lengthwise, should be at least four inches wide to glv the trough rigidity. In making this, or any othlV fec-d-dnv(rav should always be used. In preference xo nana, as they will hold the pipers toiiPthPr more llrrnly and do not work loose, as nulls do. t I VMM wmr 4mjm M saw.,, ttmm ;LLJJ.LL concrete wall and extending Bp 14 th plate. i In order to have th sawdust dry J It Is advisable to get It fresh from th mill and put It in a shed where It will not get wet and where you can stir It so that It will season well. I find that the dryer th sawdust th better the result ... Having th wan finished, put on a good shingle root with a fairly steep pitch. Then cell under th Joists with a good flooring and fill In th loft with, sawdust until th Joists are covered one or two Inches. Compact this sawdust with that of th walla. This makes a frost-proof house. Th top half of th Inside door should b of glass, then, by leaving the outaida door open, plenty of light will be ad mitted to th small room, -which 1 to b used as th' barreling room. ' lay down 8x( sleepers two feet apart and make a tight floor ta tho small room. Make a trap door to stop downstairs to the Ore box. Lay 8x6 sleeper lengthwise of th large room, leaving a 8-foot aisle on the south Bid which will bo all con crete floor for walking upon. Placo a floor of boards running crosswlae upon these sleepers. ' 1 The six-Inch til previously men tioned allows the hot air to circulate underneath all bins at potatoes and rise up through them, drying them underneath as well as on top, thus preventing th potatoes from rotting In the bottom of the blnj , . i . Set a row of studding directly over the partition wall and cett up tho east side of this row of studding and make a tight partition between th two rooms, leaving room t th south end of this partition for a doorway to th aisle. - .," Then set other row of studding six feet apart th width of th bins. This arrangement make th bins 16 H feet long. 8H feet high and feet wide. , , - v; i ... , Board np th sides and north nda of th bin with 1x4 strip. Also similar strip six feet loss should b provided for th front nd to be put In when needed. These ar held In place by a slid nailed up th aide of th studding. Place all th strip on Inch apart to allow circulation ot th heat all around and through th bin. Hava a six-Inch ventilator over th center ot each bin and on over th small roo , These ventilator ahould extend through th celling and near a foot above th sawdust Have a window door In each and of th gabl and a Udder on th outside. If necessary to go to the loft ' i i Remember this on point always: that a freshly built house, and one built out of green lumber and groan sawdust may, and likely will be th cause of a houseful of ruined potatoes. VINEGAR Th bung ahould be left out aH W th time till th vinegar Is made, and a piece of cloth tacked over th hole ta keep out th file and dirt ' 1 When condition ar Ideal, th bar rels left In a plaoe where the tempera ture Is high for th first three montha, or aa long as th weather la warm, yeast la added to hasten fermentation, old vinegar and "mother" uaed aa a starter, good vinegar may be mad In six montha .. t i But if th barrel ar stored In a oool cellar and no attention paid to them, It will take from a year and a halt to two year to produce mer chantable vinegar. The vinegar malting may be hast ened by the addition in the last stages ot making of water sweetened with molasses, preferably sorghum. When th vinegar Is made, th barrels should be filled If not quit full and the bung driven In H. F. Orlnstead, Missouri. THE VALVE OF DUCK EGGS. Nearly all good eater hi England and on the continent relish duck eggs, even more than th hens' aggs. Properly fed on sweet clean grain, green stuff with pure water the duck produces eggs that ar delicious. The Indian Runner duck lay bet ter eggs than the Pekln, although th latter is In greater favor In the United States, doubtless because of It pur white color. Pastry cooks In hotels and rests u ranta prefer duck eggs and some person who have learned how p;la table they ar buy them, but there la a decided prejudice against duck egg In the general market.. Duck raisers can remove thl preju dice by Judicious advertising In th ' local papers, sottln forth th ad- 'vantages of duck eggs and advWng as to tneir palatabllity. Th Indian Runner Is ahnout a large as th Pekln at 10 weuks, al though tha latter Is more hnavliy feathered and this gives It a larger appearance. Itunner dunks do not need water to swim In but isould always be pro vided with cKan water for drinking and if this aa be mnMng i r so much the better. It ) 1 HBHBlrfD i.A.IINtiiiMl I 'i ilana
The Asheville Times (Asheville, N.C.)
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Sept. 23, 1911, edition 1
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