Newspapers / The Asheville Times (Asheville, … / Oct. 28, 1911, edition 1 / Page 8
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y PA6Z EIGHT 'THE. ASHEVILLE GAZETTE-NEWS. Saturday, -October "28," 1911. i ii ,f ilk- 1 ' .' i ' . , I , , hi i i , . f i , i i : ! '1 . - ! ; - !' ;: ' ' M - - j . . : i ' ; ' " ! i r . r '51 V U ut i t' Ik a k HOW THE SOIL IS FORMED A COMMONPLACE SUBJECT, BUT ONE EXTREMELY FULL OF INTEREST IF IT IS STUDIED. Br Alfred Vivian, Ohio. One could scarcely Imagine a nor uninteresting subject (or discussion, nor think of anything less likely to prove of importance to the careless observer than that of the soil. We are acoustomed to think of the soil as merely "dirt", a thing to be shunned as far as possible, and kept hidden from sight Perhaps you will not think the soil worthy of Interest and study, but did you ever stop to think that without the soil we could not be living in this world today? The food which you eat could not have been produced If there were no soil, for the plants whloh make the food for animals. In their turn derive all their nourishment from the soil. So, you see the soil Is, after all, very Important to mankind. We are so familiar with the soil as It now exists that most of us do not stop to think that It was ever any thing different, but it bas realty taken a long time for nature to form what we call the soil, and in doing so she has employed the most wonderful agencies. . ,i: Oxen Still In TJso in Some Parts of the United States. Some one has defined the soil as "that portion of the earth at or near the surface which consists largely of fine particles." And again It has been described as that part of the earth into which the plants send their roots and from which they take much of their food. Well. If the soil is the portion of the earth at the surface, what is be low the soli? Most of you know that If you dig down deep Into the soil you will come to solid rock. Sometimes rock Is reached a few Inches below the surface, and again you must dig many feet before you come to it, but sooner or later you are sure to find a bed of stone. We learn theretrom this first in teresting fact that underneath all oils are found solid rocks. Now, if you were to examine a ample of soil with a strong magni fying glass or a microscope, you would find that It is largely made up of very One particles of rock. Mixed with these particles is a nOPERLY PACKED CUTTER By W. H. Underwood, a farmer's wlfa ii,i.i. has sufficient quantity of milk to be able to sell some butter, she ought by all. means to find out Just what sort of butter people will pay the highest price for and how the same is packed for sale, and comply with these con dltlona If they do so they will get all It Is worth. On a Saturday not long since while I was waiting in the store several persons brought In butter, and with the exception of that from two cus tomers (myself and one other), it was all made in Urge rolls, small rolls packed In Jars, crocks and pans. Some was made In round prints and wrapp ed In oil pap and some of the large rolls were also wrapped in oil paper. The clerk weighed a basket of eight pound prints, and they tipped the scales at six and one-half pounds only. I asked htm what he paid and he said 11 cents. I tasted the butter. It was good and the merchant would have been Pay it cents, the same as I VAI,CE OF HEIFER BEEF. Professor Kennedy, of the Iowa College, while In England a few years ago, expressed great surprise at dis covering that butchers pay a higher price for heifer beef than for steer beef of the same age and condition of flesh. Henry Wallace says this was a too a surprise to him the first time he went abroad. He found that the butchers were willing to give a premium on heifers ever steers and we fouffd that in one or two districts of England butchers would buy only heifers if they eeuld get them. - The reasons given by the-butchers are that the grain ef the flesh la finer, the bone smaller and therefore the heifer cuU up better than the steer of the same age and furnishes a bettor capacity for beef. "We remember when a boy at home" says Mr. Wal lace, "when a beef was to be killed In the fall of the year, mother always Insisted on killing a heifer, giving the exact reasons stated by Prof. -Ken-ody as given by the butchers at Liverpool that the meat of the hotter was finer In the grain and better and there was leas waste." There Is absolutely no sense or reason for the discrimination made against - heifer - beef la the 4 Dnlud u.ea With cow beef it la nunewhat atfterent for the reason that a eow tut has produced a number of eahres will not dress as targe a per cent of beef and the animal being older will not have the same tenderness nor fine quality. ' . , , -A half a cent a pound, however, should be ample to cover this shrtnk sre; whereas a heifer la really entitled premium over the steer of from s jnrter to half a rent m Iiww la not s!'-rs bll much smaller quantltx-ofcblatek ma terial which la callecUergsacsa matter or sometimes humus. A ltttla hIkm examination will aho that, the or ganic matter is simply thei remains of Plants whloh have. formeMlv . armum upon the land, and whloh. have parr uaiiy aecayea or rottea intone soil. soil, heat it in the lid feltf baking powder can, and see ifthrodor that comes off is not very, much like that you notice on heatlna-nltsi of lum in the same way. We find then, that the. soil is com posed of small rtartlnlAsistf n1r '. with the remains of fotrmer plants, and that by far the larger jpart con sists of these rock particles. This suggests the thianrrit iflni soil has been formed from the solid rook such aa nrn fmin hti..k and this. Indeed. Is nhnKth mor. ,... have studied the subject' have .found 10 oe true. Geology teaohea us i that . all the surface of the earth weai solid rock. At that time there waa o thing like what we now know 'as theso!l. These rocks cantnluu sit -.- - uo vuu atltuenta necessary'to make a sail and " suDstances whloh the iplants USe as food With the xnr.tlnn . .u. element nitrogen. This plant food, however, was not In forms In which the plants could use It Suppose you had;ack of wheat You know that there la plenty of food there to nourish yottfor some time, but It is not In a.wryteood form to eat .0 long as It Is In tthe whole wheat kernel. One of the first things .you would do would be to grind it t a flour. And that Is one of the first (things that nature does In preparing , the food for plants; she grinds the4 rocks to flour. In other words the flrst.-process In th- formation of a solMmth !... izatlon of the rocks. Nature uses several ttha. bring about the grinding orpulverlxa tion of the rocka The first of these is change of temDeratii n ,. . . 'u . uu cold. If you examine a ) ,f ... you Will find thnr .( v., a simple rock It Is composed of dif- loicui. minerals cemented together. Now these minerals blm dlffaMnllv affected by heat and cold. Tou know that most substances exnand when heated. The amount of expansion varies for the rltffnritnt mhuni. the granite and as a result tfae effect 01 cnange m temperature Is to sepa rate the minerals thus breasrlnv th rock Into smaller pleoes. got but he said he-eould ikotaaeU It for more than II cents because fit had a mussy-looklng appearance. If each one of those people jweuld pay 11.35 for a brlok-ahapped mold that will make an extra pound; (9 cents for a roll of parchment Baser seven and one-half Inches wide, tear me paper wit the aid of a ruler into sheets ten and on a-half lnohea Jong, dip these Into cold" water and wrap each pound neatly, pack them neatly In a clean box lined with white paper, I assure you that they can then get it cents per pound for their butter and the gain in prioe'vslll give them a good many dollars to . put Into their pockets. It will not take ten minutes longer on churning day to do, this, and the knowledge of putting a first class article on the market in first class condition will repay In Itself. It Is not beet to use the. oiled paper. It la Impossible to handle the butter without tearing It and it mahea the butter look anyway but well, WESTER OAT03N THE BOTJTH, Last fail Z trUdVtest oiata of the following varieties (of. winter- eatsi Bancroft - Appier (and Bust Proof oats. They were-sown August It with a liberal application of a good grade phosshate,. They .were sown la the. standing eom. After the corn was cut the balance of the field waa sown to "Virginia Orayioata with a light application of phosphate. The oats were put In-with a grain drill, neither of the three varieties named stood the winter so well as the Vir ginia Gray oats. la fact only a few bunches of each of the new varieties stood thewlater.f The Virginia Orar oats were sown about October 1, which was very late for sowing oats. A. f; Legg, w. 'Vs. . JIAUDY TOjXtATO AROTflTD, ' A Pennsylvania -ani mer save-he has a horse which has a mania for pawing up potatoes, and he la going to employ him far ,that .pnrpoea, iThe .farmer declares that the horse wtll follow a row and paw up every tuber aa cleanly as U turned out with a patent 'I V Where a number ef Kerens are tn the same barn the eu.-e of the smil should be low eneush to t.,(rv tim " e eh other as t I tns lavs FOR BEGINNERS IN BEE ' A great many people would he glad to keep a few colonies of bees If they did not ever lastingly swarm. This difficulty may be overcome to some extent Bees warm because of lack at room. : if Instead of using a single hive you use one of double capacity. or one on top of the other, the swarm ing tendency will be very much cur tailed; so the best way Is to use hives of large slse, or those of ordinary slse one piled on top of the other; the bees : and queens should be given plenty of . room.. At the beginning of the season, one story of a hive will be enough. Just before fruit-blooms open -up, another story should be -added, containing empty combs or frames of comb foundation, and as the season ad vances, more stories added .as re quired. A large entrance should be pro vided at the bottom of each story so as to keep the bees Inside the hive, for it the bees cluster out In front they will te sura to swarm: so there should be enough room to keep the bees Inside the hive and at work. Colonies worked this way may store from CO to 100. pounds of floe honey. Soma colonies, handled in this way may swann, cbut they will not be very many. In such cases put over the entrance an alley trap. This will allow the worker bee te pKm In ;apd - J ... rm-, $l- RAISE WORMY APPLES With-the possible exception of the Ban Jose scale the codling moth Is the meet destructive Insect with whloh our orohardlata have to contend. , These worm pests, which leave the apples In late summer and fall, - hide and spin cocoons under bark scales, la rubbish about trees, in decayed places en the tree, and about apple bins' and storage houses. In these eoooona they pass the winter. In the spiine;, aa the days begin to get warm, -the worm changes to a "pupa" Inside the cocoon and soon th pupa changes to a -moth, which splits the case and crawls out It seem quite generally true that the temperature Conditions governing i ' ' - Entire: Crop of Seven Black Twtg Trees Sprayed 8U Times. Bound. 1031 iApptoa t Mle emOsBfti cabby, ft tn J r.- ... . . - ' the- blooming nf aspie trees also oo oealoa the appearance -of the moths la the spring.. This habit of the moth furnishes the yery best opportunity of combating K. - After the petals fall from the bloom, for a period of a week, or ten days, the calyx cavity remains mere or less open, and , the young apples more or less upright . As TO per cent or more of these first worms enter the young apples at the calyx, or "blossom end", this fur HIGH PRICED WHEAT, KEEKA ., ' PERMANENT ,.; r, t't r There la a general' belief fust now that dollar wheat has cune .to stay? ThecVB shortage In the Dakatas and Manila ba oaased a quick upturn in the market as soon as .the extent of the damage was -reaUaed and nrsces advanced 10 oenta in ,lsss than as many daya,,: j , . . Early la the erop. season '.elevator men and athera fixed on ,10 aenta at Chicago aa a fair price for wheat and to the big vhimp of June and , July eeotationa fell - to -about 10 .oenta. 1 Sere waa an Immediate' rally, how ever, when the eiieatton in the spring wheat belt became knnwn, Xm liar -wheat la Chloago mean that farmere throuanout the western oonsv try will receive aa average of 10 aoava at least while nearer the ereaboerd they will get upwards of' a dollar basnet. - Thrs wlU be leas wheat fe axpnrt vaa usaal, but ty home demand will iei f Tet, 'j X the hard wheat - - 1 c"t t 1, the I "off ! .-. - , -X t' r lltd i a s ui 1 have "t Br Mrs. A. Joseph, Oallfomla. out but when the queen oomea out with a swarm she is trapped because he cannot ga through the same slot the workers .go through. While 4ha swarm Is In the air the trap containing the aueen.ls taken off, the old hive 4s removed and a new one 'containing frames or combs put in its place. 'The trap Is then -placed In front of the new hive, now on the old stand and in -10 minutes or one- half -hour -the swarm In -the air will return and go Into the new hive. The queen ia4hea released from the trap when Jihe'wlll go into the swarm. The bees iwlll then start house keeping -anew. an 4hls way you avoid climbing trees, -or xnttlag their limbs off or making, that horrid noise of pounding the pans.-. In this manner the attention the bees require could be given by the farmer's -wlfe-w the son or daughter and if he will let them have the money made from the bees, they will get so interested in them that they will learn to .handle a large number of bees, la a short time and will be able to lay aside a little ready money. Of oourse there is an occasional season when bees will hardly make their own living. Then they should be fed to 'keep them from starving, but there may be only one poorsea son In four or Ave. In the good sea sons they will more than pay for their keep. A good, but simple hive may be constructed easily. There should be two row of holes, one six Inches above the other, so that when shelter' Is not provided, and it snows, the lower holes are usually covered with snow or toe, the upper ones remain ing open to admit fresh air, which Is very important Then after a long journey, bee alighting at the upper holes have a shorter distance to travel to reach their store of sweets. The hive is 12x12x15 Inches Inside measurement and when filled with honey will hold sufficient to keep a large colony of Dees during any sea son not fruitful of flowers. 7-?' -i r. A PROFITABLE PECOS VALLEY. TEXAS. APIARY. By J. El Buck, Virginia. nishes an excellent opportunity for filling the calyx oups with poisonous spray, so that when the young worms endeavor to eat their way into the apple they are killed by the poison. - This first application of sprey should be made Inside of a week after the petals fall from the bloom. Everything should be gotten In readiness for this first spraying, for it la certainly the most Important of all th sprayings. It being possible to kill over IS per cent of the worms by one thorough application of arsenate of lead at this time. A second applica tion of spray should be made two to three weeks later, to supplement the Qrst. Either Paris green or arsenate of lead can be applied in Bordeaux mix ture. The arsenate of lead can be applied simply in waar, without any danger to fruit -or foliage. Paris green can also be applied in water, but unless used in Bordeaux, I pounds ef time should be slaked and added to each 10 gallons of spray to pre vent possible damage , to .fruit end -Ax to eight ounoea af Paris green should be uasd to each .10 gallons of spray. In using arsenate of lead I pounds to 10 gallons of spray, in mist sprays, has given na the .best results. In mlet.apraye about I erailena were sprayed on -each tree -(Jne-year-old trees of fair sUe). gome trees were tea, to twelve years .eld. On and one fourth pounda af .asosnato .ef lead gave splendid .results. 4a -drench sprays with high pressure.' In drench fray l4e aaUona were aorared en teach tree, which would make about he ompeUed te Uks-twenty aenta per raaue less tor it f 1 Extensive buvlna af wheat .knr anlll. era, elevator companies and promt- eeisi-apccuistors is evidence that the ivesent renge .of rces is v natural oe,, though ctherr may.be .the usual njioteatlona. - .. , t). , . OeUverles have sjuome large both tn the SDrtnr Tisusd iJWinter erheat regions nd priaes are well main talaed. "'Farmers seem to be In a position to-eh eak. sales on any serious break In the market -Considering the higk- prtoe of live rteck i and 'the fair .quotations i for grain, hay and general produce. It Will- ha i ftravi A tkAt tha il..a farmer Is holding bis own. Nearly all .! nwi in ir.e wneai dsii oi me west have an abmvtAnA nv tM . nd hM whloh products insure a good Income, regardless ei a partial rauure In grain. This ' drreralnaallna la anln an .all ever the country, aa much In ths south aa elsewhere and it means, the dawn ef.a new era ef prosperity In egrt- eulruM, ... -' ....' i Jjst ao far as mtxed farming be omes the rule, Jut so far Is the suo ees of the Amertcaa prottueer rt!rf a s"ir.i fcss's, CUL TURE : For holding .the comb, small round sticks are used, 'the same as In the old .hive, the cover la removable and the edges beveled .to hold in position a small upper hive or upper stories to be added , aa needed. Beginners should not. purchase large colonies of bees. . Begin moder ately and go slow. ' . . . Colonies placed in an open situa tion and somewhat shaded by trees or vines will be much more conveniently handled than when plaoed In an ordl- Swarmlng-Bag In Position, nary ahed or out-of-door bee-housea. The wanning bag la one of the best things in bee culture, It is about aix feet in length and one foot in diame ter and formed of alternate lengths of calloo and mosquito-netting;. Bach length of about one foot has a ring of wire or hoop to holC the bag dis tended. When, the bees. are about to, swaraj and are- inniiaed to come .outside the hive, the bag Ja fastened onto the front of the hive and the other nd fastened to -stake. When the queen enters the bag she bounds to the upper end and Is quickly surrounded by.,herfollowera .and the swarm la then captured w(th ease, s .. Beginners are vary often impatient for increase. If . you . Increase your beea -too -rapidly -rou "twill t less honsy -unless sou have a 'flrat-olaw attain mt -bees. .Bvsn then If -the sea. son-la a, poor ns or the locality in which you illve is overstocked, the amount of honey may not be aa large as you would expeot A V P-". 1 j EXPECT LOSS the same amount -of poison aa-ln the mist spray. Arsenate of lead has proven su perior to Paris green in all the testa. It oosta more, but the extra saving of fruit will make up the difference in cost Both Paris green and arsenate of lead, when thoroughly applied, will produce a high per cent of clean fruit - Results of careful tests show that over II per cent of worm-free fruit Is possible on the picked apples by spraying with arsenate of lead, and over II hi per cent counting all the apples that drop during the summer. The mist spriye' with Paris green, f - ' - a t- Entlro Crop of Eight Black Twig Trees, Not Sprayed. Bound, 49 Apples on ' Left i Scabby, 'luso in -PUo on Right. onnoee to It gallons, produced aa high as II per oent of clean fruit on the picked apples, and 16 per oent, count ing the dropped, apples. . t. ; . tin -using either poison the utmost care should be-, taken to ave -the exact amount desired, Etther'poeaon should be thoroughly mixed tn a little water before putting in,, the spray barrel or tank. A. good brand of sr. senate, of lead should be,. used, and there are many good -brands. OATS J9TRAW. FOR SHEEP. t It la aa excellent nlaa tnr farmer to.putp -every -fell .a quantity ' o arraw lo TMlp out In oarrytpg the aheen thraurh tiu sdniu. -a-.. "raw will answer the purpose but It is not aa goes, aa oats strawy Of course straw la not an Mi.i for aheep. It eontalna a little nutri-1 mil not muoa ana a -great aee! of food fiber, but nltan aal Mm a sparingly In eonneotion with roots or vuivr uosuisbi i sea naips out sren dsrfuUy. Placed la the rack with Im it-will be'pnttr weU eaten up every dny.an4.lt, undoubtedly saves aamn ,grin. Where farmer has nlenr n t. and lit Us roughage eat straw will help te viooe out . toe ration admirably. ' It fed In large quantlUss It will almost eertalnly produce stomach trouble andthia ahould alwava-v avotied. i t Is abls to tsll by tht ' n the cream Is right iur ei.ui it then has a clean. sovr t - st i S'-.siia I'Vs ents FEEDiriO THE DAIRY CALFf , r THE FUTURE POSSIBlXITrES OF THE NEWBORN CALF RESTS UPON ITS FEED, CARE AND ?. ' management; v By D. S OUa, Wisconsin. . Toung -calves need whole milk for the first few days. The calf should always have the first or colostrum milk of the cow and be allowed to nurse the cow until the eighth or -ninth milking, when the milk Is suitable for human food, reed often with small amounts to avoid over feeding. Teaoh the calf to drink and feed whole milk for at least three weeks, changing to a skim milk diet gradually. The amount of milk fed should be carefully regulated. X good plan with the normal calf is to give 4 pounds (I quarts) - of whole milk three times per day, fed aweet and at blood temperature. In the state of nature the calf gets milk containing about I per cent fat - Our domesti cated oowa have been bred in some Instances to give nearly twice this amount . Milk that Is too rich may cattsa .cations trouble - from scours, and In feeding uchrenllk care ahould be exercised to give limited amounts at the proper temperature. The feed ing of whole milk ahould be con tinued 'for about three or four weeks, wfectr -.the -number of meals may be reduced Ho two per day. : From one- half to a pint of skim-milk may now be snbsUtnted for an equal quantity of whole rank. The amount of skim milk may be gradually increased and the '-amount of whole milk corres pondingly decreased until, at the -end of a week or 10 days, the calf Is get ting .all aklm milk. , . Sklm-mllk la a oheap feed for calves but ahould be fed carefully in lml ted quantities and only , while. It la warm and aweet ' Skim milk -may form the principal diet of the calf -for eight months or a year.- Factory aklm milk ahould always be pasteurised to avoid the spread of tuberculosis. iThe best skim milk li that whloh la fresh from the separator and still warm, r Ex periments show that It .Is only one- fourth as expensive to raise a calf on skim milk as .whole milk. Two pounds of grain with tie proper amount of nskim -milk equals one pound of .butter . fat ' Buttermilk or whey may profitably be fed to calves: drain for calves ahould be fad -first while the calf is quite email with a little bran to aid the calf In learning1 to-eat High priced concentrates are nnneoeasary and give no better re sulta than' corn aneal, oats and bran, ground barley, etc when fed In pro per combinations. At four - to six weeka a calf has good teeth and can grind hla own feed. 1 A variety of feeds is advantageous and best re sults .will -usually be secured ..from mixtures. The following list may serve aa a guide to the calf feeder In making ' . ' r- MANURE AS GOOD AS A DANK I . One of the experiment- etaUo Pennsylvania made a valuable ex periment with manure. It was found that manure when spread on the field aa fast as made suffered little loss of Its fertilising constituents though less than two-fifths of the dry matter of the feed and bedding was reoovered In the manure, Manure that was thrown out and kept in a covered shed lost one-third of lta nitrogen, one-fifth of Its potash and one-seventh of lta phoaphorlo add. - -.- t . - .-. Only one-third of theory matter of food and .Utter was recovered in the. manure. The potash -and phoa phorlo acid probably escaped by seep age of the liquid manure into the olay bottom, -r . v . The nitrogen waa volatilised and eaoaped Into he air . in, the form of carbonate of ammonia, ' -. - Th money value of the fertilising eonatttutents lost tn Us oevsred ahed aa compared with manure left to- be tramped down was -eautvaUnt n iu for each steer fed for six months. nenoe, it waa found that If there la THE JAPANESE RADISH. The ' 'Bakurajima radish, which comes from Janan. la (wmii.. popular In this oeuntry, and is now w n i wouaanaa or gardens, it will thrtva In almost any good soil that wUl grow other .radishes. The seeda whloh .mav hn .i..ih " ' ftruiu any dealer, ahould be sown thinly and I After tha alanta iu. il... . - --- " viiwj oiuai .be 'thinned vigorously, because these stow vu an enoimoua slse, small eaaa hAlna. f .. . . --wu,vur w mix inches In diameter. . . -These radishes are at their best when about half- grown, as thsy be ooma somewhat strong and woody if allowed A nwnr I . w ww- . . . Ane Japanese boll them , like turnlpa - or y ey may oe eaten raw ntw of the tmlrnrajisna Radiah as Ooosnarod With Water Bucket , I, A -dairy barn can be kept praeU. eally tree from unpleasant odors, but we never no- more than half a av.u. auoh barna. There are SMrt iaaaa . - - - . -, v u , xiinaus scattered along the Paoliw Coast from California te the Canadian tin. many of them are .r.tri. m ihey know little about farming but ; . .nn ss tneir per is small ' 4 thtm ffl'iy irr.uil.e. eeleotlona or combinations to suit 'Ilia conditional ..-. 1. Corn meal gradually changed In four to slz weeks to shelled com with or without bran. ' I. Whole oats and bran. - I. Whole oats and -corn ohop, the1 latter gradually replaced by shelled corn In four to six weeks. -. 4. around barley with bran . shelled corn. - .;,.' v - (. -Shelled corn and ground corn or sorghum. ... 6. Whole oats, ground barley bran. 7. A mixture of to pounds nf corn meal, 20 pounds of oat( meal 10 ' Feed the Calf Comfortable Stanchion. pounds Of Oil meal. It Inounda at blood meal .and. ' b - naunda ; Af tMtia meat, ohanged to eom, oats and bran wneo'Datves are inree mentns oia. ' 8. A mixture ef' l nounds whale oats,' pounds bran, J pound corn meal and I pound of imaeedneaL ' The calf 11V. ha tanrht naSa by rubbing; a little on its mouth when it Is through , drinking milk. From this it will -soon learn to, eat from the feed box. , ... - . s... . :The - rouarhasra f at AahrAa mtiA first be fed at wo or threa. vuk. r age when the ealf bealna b Mt mis Good clean hay, 'either timothy, blue roes, ciover or airaira may be used. Corn aiUge la -an axceUent oalf feed when fed in moderate amounts. Good pasture -is an essential .after four to six months of age, and If the ealf la turned out for only a few hours each day at first, scours will be avoided. When It oomea to a question of Aa elding whether you shall aend the boy to agricultural college or buy another blooded bull, give the boy the benefit of the doubt tight -floor And abundant bedding t can be tramped into a compact . the manure loses very tittle. If any. of iu fertilising value so long aa the animals remain on It Therefore, this method la very mnoti superior to the piling in a covered shed. - But when this tramped manure la taken out do not pile It to heat and waste, but haul it at onoe to tha field where plants are waiting for It , The whole process- depends en tha complete tramping to exclude the air and to prevent the carboaation of am- -monla. , . . . But whenever it is practicable It ,1s bettor to haul ut and apread tha manure aa Xast as It la made tor there la less loss of its value lying apread on the land than in any other way. If ftbe potash and pnoaphoria add leaoh out they will be absorbed and retained by the soli until plants call for them and aa there la no fermen tation the nitrogen will be retained In the organic matter until altrlflo atlen takes place after it la burled tn the aoll. WHERE THE COWS SHOULD BE .MILKED. . , Cows ahould never -be -milked In the same stable or stall where they re fed If It can possibly be avoided. It will pay to provide a separate room in bad weather and this room should be so arranged that no dust or odors from the barn ean enter it In good weather eowa should be milked In the open air, --- If cows are milked la tha barn where hay and -other .feeds are rapt the mangers ahould bo filled several hours before milking time and the noora wsll sprinkled Just before milk Ing begins. The main thing la to keep tha dirt out of the milk In the first plaoe be cause when It has once gotten In DO amount of straining will take ell of It out Running the milk through a strainer does not mean that It Is made eleaa by the process. Of course the best way Is to milk through a stralnef Into a covered pat as that keeps out the dirt. Of course most farmers will say that all this trouble Is not worth while but It la. That la It to worth while If a man really wants to provldw milk wai is aDsoiuteiy clean. Of course U he doesn't care to do this and la will Ing to send to the market foul and tainted milk nothing Is worth while. Just go ahead and milk in any old way and any old place regardless of dust stable odors or any other oos ta mi na ting elements, but this never payr in the long run. - in a The gross value of cropa produced ea the lands Irrigated by the govern ment'e projects - last year was IJO.000,000. As .. f ault ef this work of ths tovernir.snt it Is . m-1 thst lni Vain hnve 1- - - 1 i r than I. u ;,,.-. nC-
The Asheville Times (Asheville, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Oct. 28, 1911, edition 1
8
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