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The Alamance Gleaner ? i _vfj Vol. LXIV GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 24, 1938 ? ' . No. 41 Weekly News Review British Policy of ' Expediency 9 Reverberates Around the Globe _ By Joseph W. La Bine ? International As proprietor ol the world's great est empire; Great Britain assumes a right end obligation to be ringmas ter of international diplomacy. If such & duty is incumbent during peace, it becomes mora pressing in : time of stress. The year 1938 is one of stress, and in November of 1938 Great Britain is still the ringmaster but is jumping to the lash of her own whip. Caught in the backwash of hei- own fatal conservatism, she is desperately making an expensive peace with dictators and democ racies alike. A roundup of these peace overtures, with cause and ef fect, with reverberations and re percussions that echo around the world, looks something like the fol lowing: GERMANY # November has become an "inter national crisis" month of more im port than September. Reason is that September's Czech-German-Sudeten crisis had immediate effect on only a comparative handful of central Europeans. But in November, Ger many has begun terroristic perse cution of Jews, has moreover shown downright hostility toward all Chris tian denominations in general and to the Catholic denomination in par ticular. This treatment has aroused worldwide resentment against Chancellor Adolf Hitler and his Italian friehd, Premier Benito Mus solini, who use! similar tactics against world Jewry. It has also driven ghosts from the closet of SOUTH AFRICA'S PIROW He expressed Britain's sympathy. Britain's Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, because he failed to get a German guarantee against Jewish persecution when he negoti ated the "sellout" treaty at Munich this autumn. Though Christian Great Britain is horrified by Hitler's persecution, it dares not slap Germany's fa?e. Not only are British banks planning loans to Nazi-controlled industries, but London must also exhibit sym pathy with Germany's colonial de mands in Africa: During the heat of Jewish persecution Berlin was visited by Oswald Pirow, minister of defense and industry for the Union of South Africa. Although Colonial Secretary Malcolm Mac Donald has indicated Great Britain does not intend to surrender any colonies, Mr. Pirow's visit can only mean that the Union of South Africa fears Hitler and wishes to return Germany's war-lost colonies. BALKANS (RUMANIA) ? Among such southeastern Euro pean nations as Rumania, Jugo slavia, Greece and 'Turkey lies Great Britain's last chance to resist German political and economic ex pansion, and also to maintain a ves tige of international prestige. Al though social-minded London once shunned Rumania's King Carol for his love affair with Magda Lypescu, daughter of a Jewish junk dealer, Ms recent visit to London (with Crown Prince Michael) found Eng lish royalty only too glad to court his favor. This is because his friend ship for Great Britain can stop Hit ler's southeastward-bound steam roller. If Carol gets British export credit of about $50,000,000, if Great Britain agrees to buy Rumanian oil and give Carol a large loan, Ru mania will close its doors on Ger many. Following this same policy, Lon don must increase her sway in other Balkan states, also encouraging Jugoslavia, Turkey and Rumania to return war-won lands to Bulgaria, which stands alone outside the Bal kan entente and is easy prey for German economic expansion. ITALY ? Even while King Carol's visit was marking an effort to stop dictators. smartly dressed Lord Perth visited the Italian foreign office in Rome and presented his credentials? to "the king of Italy and emperor of Ethiopia." This constituted formal British recognition of Italy's Ethio pian conquest, which is now denied by only Russia and the U. S. among great powers. Such recognition was a British capitulation, and a few hours later Lord Perth returned to the foreign office to initial the Anglo Italian "friendship" pact. It was recalled that last spring Prime Min ister Chamberlain promised he would not invoke the pact until Spain's civil war had reached a "settlement." With a new rebel of fensive just starting on the Ebro, that "settlement" has hardly been reached. FRANCE ? Though friendly with Great Brit ain, France has lost much because its foreign policy has been following that of London. What is worse, French finance could not bear the unprecedented expense of last Sep tember's military preparations. Therefore the government has been crawling into its shell, concerning itself more with domestic problems following its defeat at the treaty of Munich. Its most pointed foreign gesture has been a recognition of Italy's Ethiopian victory. But new troubles are looming from Italy's direction, following but a few hours on the heels of the Anglo-Italian friendship accord. Having won Brit ish acceptance of its foreign policy, Italy has turned to Britain's one time closest ally (France) for colo nial demands. The demands : That France cede to Italy the Djibouti Addis Ababa railroad and the Port of Djibouti, in French Somaliland, and share with Italy the control of the Suez canal and administration of Tunisia. UNITED STATES # At home, the above international developments have brought three pertinent results: (1) Great Britain has rushed to consummation her reciprocal trade agreement with the U. S.t in which Canada is also involved. Constitut ing a climax to Secretary of State Cordell Hull's reciprocal trade pro gram, the agreement is an impor tant effort to loosen and swell the flow of U. S.-Canadian-British trade. Not voiced, but tremendously evi dent, is the fact that this treaty marks a new solidarity among democracies. (2) U. S. indignation over Ger many's Jewish persecution has found expression in the plan put forth by Joseph P. Kennedy, U. S. ambassador to Great Britain. Its essence : World-wide co-operation for removal of Germany's 600,000 Jews to North and South America and parts of the British, French and Netherlands empires. Great Britain would arrange land for new settle ments, while U. S. Jewish and pri vate groups would provide money. (3) Rather than accept French and Russian bids for leadership in world peace movements, President Roosevelt has invited 20 sister re publics in the Western Hemisphere to unite in a defense against Euro AMBASSADOR KENNEDY For German Jetct. ? toluiion. pean or Asiatic aggression. This new U. S. foreign policy is evidenced by: (1) the President's outspoken denunciation of Germany's Jewish persecution; (2) his recall of Hugh R. Wilson, U. S. ambassador to Ger many; (3) his announcement of a multi-billion dollar defense program to protect not only the U. S. but all Western Hemisphere nations; (4) U. S. interest in the Pan-American conference opening December S at Lima, Peru; and (3) an apparent effort in Washington to steer away from European entanglements, other than those with France, Brit ain and other democracies. Labor Shaggy John L. Lewis has lost much prestige the last two years because his Committee for Indus trial Organization initiated the wave of sit-down strikes, also because many of C. I. O.'s most outspoken members were "radicals." Opposi tion flared up in time to defeat many C. I. O. endorsed candidates in the November election, and by the time Mr. Lewis' organization opened its constitutional convention in Pitts burgh a week later, the handwriting was on the wall. C. I. O. (now the Congress of In dustrial Organization) has made at least two important bids for con servative support. First, the con vention has adopted a resolution to preserve the sanctity of collective bargaining contracts, thereby at tempting to appease C. I. O. -hating ALIEN HARRY BRIDGES Even C. I. O. became hostile. employers. Second, C. I. O.'s much publicized Harry Bridges, alien west coast labor leader, was figuratively bounced from the convention when he attempted to secure official en dorsement of so-called "radical" po litical views. This was Mr. Bridges' second blow of the day, for at lnt dianapolis a demand for his depor tation was issued simultaneously by Stephen F. Chadwick, commander of the American Legion. Now permanently organized, C. I. O. has charted a finish fight with the older, more conservative Amer ican Federation of Labor. The bat tle will not only be one of organiza tion principle, but it will also en tail the future status of 22,000,000 unorganized American workers. Though C. I. O. boasts a "simple and democratic" constitution, ob servers checked the figures and found that five members of the ex ecutive board will speak for 2,021, 845 of the 3,787,877 members. C. I. O. will remain substantially under the thumb of Mr. Lewis, Sidney Hill man of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers, and Philip Murray of the Steel Workers' committee. White House Attorney General Homer S. Cum mings' retirement from the Roose velt cabinet was not unexpected, for the 69-year-old Califomian has often sought refuge from official Washing ton the past 12 months. Though ef forts have been made to attach po litical significance to his move (he is the first New Deal cabinet mem ber to retire voluntarily) it is un derstandable- that Mr. Cummings should desire to return to private law practice. But his retirement does arouse speculation about other cabinet changes. Secretary of the Navy Claude A. Swanson has been ill, and may be succeeded by As sistant Secretary Charles Edison. Madame Secretary of Labor Fran ces Perkins has lost the good graces of both C. I. O. and A. F. of L., and many observers predict her resig nation. Secretary of Commerce Daniel L. Roper, though unpopular with business, has made it plain he will not resign. Meanwhile, Wash ington whispers say that Harry Hopkins, WPA administrator, and Michigan's defeated Gov. Frank Murphy are both considered as po tential cabinet timber. Agriculture The 1938 farm program was not put into effect until many U. S. pro ducers had their crops under way. This has been one explanation of its failure, and next year the agri culture department plans to give the plan its "first complete test." Details: The program will involve $712,000,000. Minimum bounties to co-operating farmers include 3.6 cents a pound on cotton, 14 cents a bushel on corn, 27 cents a bushel on wheat, 22 cents on rice, 3 cents on potatoes, $3 a ton on peanuts. Com pared with this year's 290,000,000 acres, 1939's program will be con fined to about 280,000,000 acres in the hope of reducing surpluses. Big gest slash of all will come in wheat, which was harvested this year from 71,000,000 acres, and which would be restricted to 60,000,000 acres next year. For soil conservation pay ments the government has a half billion dollars available, with an other $211,000,000 for price adjust ment payments. Bruckart's Washington Digest Tumult and Shouting Are Over; So Now What Does It All Mean? For Months to Come the Results Will Be Subjected to Meas urement; More Thinking and Less Emotion Seems To Be the Rule; 'Middle Class' in Revolt. By WILLIAM BRUCKART WNU Service, National Press Bldf., Washington, D. C. WASHINGTON. ? The period of distorted claims by the winners and the equally distorted alibis of the losers seems to be about over. We have heard all of the tumult and the shouting of an election time. The total vote has been tabulated, and it shows a greater number? 83 new ones ? of Republicans in the house of representatives and eight new Re publican senators. Some 14 more states have Republican governors ready to take over from the Demo crats they have displaced. There were what may be called important numerical gains for the Republican party label. But while the total vote has been tabulated and served as the basis for the claims of the winners and the alibis of the losers, those fig ures will be forgotten soon. The thing that is important is the result. We will be measuring the results for months to come. It is quite unimportant, in my mind, to appraise what the swing of a few votes may have meant. It is, however, mighty important to note that there were hard and close fights for scores of candidates, in this 1938 election. There were hard and close fights in the whole of New England; there were bitter strug gles in New York, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and else where. They were fought out largely on major issues because, generally speaking, local questions did not provide the fundamental issue in the states that are so important politi cally as those mentioned. What does it mean? What is the portent? Other writers and analysts have given and are' giving their views. I guess there is no prohibi tion against mine. I firmly believe the votes cast in the 1938 election were the expres sion of an opposition to further ex perimentation by government in the field of unsound theories; the ex pression was against further use of the American people as guinea pigs, and it was definitely for a middle-of the-road national policy. It was, therefore, a showing, a proof, of the necessity for our traditional two party system of government, and surely, to that extent, the nation and national life benefited by the poll taken on November 8, 1938. More 1 httiRtng ana Leu Emotion Seems to Be Rule Looking over the whole picture, as the colors and the outlines now exhibit themselves, one who favors good government of a sound and lasting character cannot help hav ing his faith renewed. Of course, the political pendulum swings back and forth. That is to be expected. But, to me, there has appeared on the horizon a new level of political thought. Perhaps, I should not say that it is entirely new; I should say that it has been restored to its place in American life. And that observa tion should be amplified with the further statement that more think ing and less emotion appears to be the rule throughout the land. Ab sence of hysteria, or reduction of the scope of hysteria, always makes for sounder and more constructive conclusions. That is why there is so little use for an analysis of mi nute returns this year. The aspect is too broad to hinge upon such de ; tail. Probably, it can be said that the vote was an expression against waste and extravagance, against corruption of the electorate by use of public moneys, such as went on among relief workers and for which we ought always to be ashamed; it probably can be said that It wps a vote against blank check appropria tions, or against government mess ing into every phase of human en deavor, or against many another item of policy in the New Deal, and if it were so said, it would be true to a degree, everywhere. But we are concerned with the sum into which these several things have been added. Vote DucIomi Revolt by So-CaUed 'Middle Class' The United States has been gov erned by an expression of the will ot the majority. It is sound. It is the basis of a republic. There has been much criticism of President Roosevelt on the basis of his dom ination of government. It ha* been Mid that be la the government b* cause he has had such complete control that even oongracs moved this way or that at his drection, In the planner of puppets. If those characterisations be true, then it appears to ma< logical to conclude that the late election was something of a vote for government by law and not by an individual or group of individuals. By the same reasoning, it is a logical assumption that the vote disclosed a revolt by the great middle class of the Ameri can people? the group which lives neither by the power of organization and the strike threat, nor by the power which Mr. Roosevelt so often attributed to a few whom he has called the "economic royalists." The New Dealers completely capitu lated to organized labor of the C. I. O. type, and used the numbers of votes there to bulwark its assault on business. The middle classes which embrace the backbone and the salt of the earth of any nation haven't had much consideration from the New Deal thinkers. Suspicious Middle Class It Good for a Democracy The sum total of the situation, as regards the middle classes, U that they have become critical again. They followed Mr. Roosevelt un swervingly (speaking, now, of the majority) and they accepted his statements that "we have planned it that way." But when the depres sion of 1937 came on them and it hit as hard as that of 1930, they found doubt in their minds. He could not have planned it that way, they reasoned. So there followed the natural sequence of criticism, and the country began to think {hat criticism was legitimate despite the New Dealers' barrage of propagan da that the criticism, itself, was propaganda. With the middle classes back in the suspicious mood that is good for a democracy, they are again occupying their rightful role in government. Thfre are many times more of them than any other group; they are the majority, and they showed it again this year by the sharp division of votes. The New Deal, with the aid of old line Jeffersonian Democrats, will control the congress for the next two years. But their control is not of such a character as to permit denial of rights to any individual representative or senator or any group of them. I am told by a number of politi cally important personages that the election already has increased the courage of some of the conservative Democrats who were not outspoken heretofore. It is predicted that these will feel free now to tell the President when they disagree. None can foretell how far that situation will develop. ma - n _ _ f?. > man Become jraiumcn, Quit Their Demag'oguery And, next, if the Republican lead ership hai food tense, it will dis play it* best brand. It will tell its followers to become statesmen and quit their demagoguery. The op portunity awaits them to be con structive and if they fail to put for ward sound proposals, they will have justified the country in refus ing to give them control as was done in 1936. It is proper to say, of course, that the Republicans will not be in control of either the senate or the house. That means, they can have no management of legislative ma chinery. That machinery, which is all-important in carrying forward political party policies, remains in the hands of the New Deal. But the absence of control for the Re publicans can not destroy the re sponsibility which they have as sumed in electing as many mem bers of the congress as is recorded. They dare not dodge that responsi bility. Just ahead, therefore, lies the ne cessity for Mr. Roosevelt to realize that there is a new public temper which does not like extremes, and for Chairman John Hamilton of the Republican national committee, and Republican Leader McNary in the senate, and Republican Leader Mar tin in the house, there is the oppor tunity to fight for reasonable legis lation all of the way. These three Republican leaders must have something to offer besides criticism of the New Deal. Wl?ei|?? U alack. Speaking of Sports Final Minutes Jinx Arkansas Football Hopes By ROBERT McSHANE IN LESS than three minutes of 1 actual play Coach Fred Thomaen and his Arkansas Raxorbaekx have survived enough football tragedy to break the heart of an average team. Beginning in November, 1937, the fatal last minute of play has seen the Razorbacks lose S out of 13 games. It all started when an Ar kansas safety man was struck by a Baylor punt. The ball bounded away and was recovered by Baylor with 43 seconds to play. A 25 yard touch down pass saw Baylor win, 20 to 14. The next game saw Riee complete a 35-yard touchdown pass ta the last 32 seconds to win the game. This tilt lost the Southwest confer ence title for Arkansas, In 1838 Baylor beat the Razor backs with a field goal in the final play of the game. The Texas Aggie game saw Arkansas in the lead 7 to < with four seconds remaining. The Aggies were in possession on the four yard line. A penalty moved them to the one yard line, and on the last play they smashed over for a touchdown. With 54) seconds left in the 1938 Rice game, Rice was in posses sion of the ball on the Arkansas 26. A 36-yard field goal saw Riee on the long end of a 3 to ? score. Grid Pioneer Dies r>OL. WILLIAM PRESTON LANE, last member of the Princeton university team which was defeated in the first intercollegiate football game with Rutgers university in 1869, died recently at his Hagers town, Md., home. His death leaves only one surviv or of the 1869 game ? George Ball Large, Flemington, N. J., who played on the Rutgers team. Mr. Large is bow 88 years old. Colonel Lane, a member of the Princeton class of '73, was on* of the 25 players on the Princeton team GEORGE BALL LARGE in oa. rne contest wiin nuigers took place in New Brunswick on a temporary field. There Was no ad mission charge, and spectators aat Sn a fence rail. This encounter gave birth to the football yell of today. The 1869 game, In which Colonel Lane played, differed vastly from modern football. It was played with a 10-inch round rubber ball, which was kicked, batted with the hand and thrown. Budge Turns Pro F)ON BUDGE, the nation's out standing tennis star, who recent ly turned professional (or a flat guar antee of $75,000, refuses lo under estimate his net worth to America's tennis fans. He formerly stated that he would make the professional plunge for no less than I1M.NC. A lack of takers eansed him to change his mind. Don Bud(* To those interest ed Budge's estimate of his own value seems a little steep in view of the fact that Babe Ruth, whose drawing pow er was unparalleled, never made $100,000 a year out of base ball, and in only four years did he reach or slightly better the >75.000 mark. A guarantee of $30,000 was given Fred Perry his first year, plus a percentage, all of which netted him $83,000 before the tax collectors got their share. Helen Moody was of fered a $39,000 guarantee. In explanation of his move to the professional ranks. Budge declared that "Nothing could have influenced me to turn pro if it hadn't been for family obligations. Having made the jump, however, I'll keep playing for two or possibly three yean and No Job Security \\r HEN the wolves start their ma nual howling at the heels of football coaches in both major and minor colleges throughout the Unit ed States, little attention Is paid to major league managers' jobs and their similar lack of security. The past two seasons have sot a record for a corresponding period in baseball history from a stand point of managerial tarnovors. Dar ing this time only two National league managers have managed to hang on to their jobs, and three new managers will be brokea la during the coming season. American league managers hare been somewhat more fortunate in the two-year period. Changes have been made at Cleveland, Detroit and St Louis. However, managers of the five other teams will be on deck for the start of the 1939 seasoa. Connie Mack, m ana t r r of tfce Ath letics. and Joe Mc Carthy, Yankee rnardian. are, at course, league rec ord holders. Mack has heea miaa|isf the Athletics far as far hack as he cares to remember, aad McCarthy has been with the Yankees since the start of the 1931 season. Connie Mick New managers of the National league include Leo Durocher with Brooklyn, Ray Blades with St. Louis and "Gabby" Hartnett of the Cubs, though Hartnett succeeded Charlie Grimm in the midst of the past season. Football Messiah SINCE 1931 Duke university's foot ball team has turned on its muj foes who were accustomed to sched uling the North Carolina school as a breather ? and Duke fans are tad to five credit to Coach William Wal lace Wade, their football Messiah. Wade appeared at Duke early in 1931, and since that time has been a maker of gridiron miracles. Be fore his advent Duke was smacked around by its smaller rivals with amazing regularity. His third team showed that he was well under way. That year's squad won nine straight, took the Southern conference cham pionship, and lost only to Georgia Tech in an epic 8 to 0 struggle. In 1935 and 1936 conference champion ships descended on Durham. Be went to Alabama to 1923, build ing that team into the great Crisuta Tide, which won Southern rimtet enee titles to 1914, 1925, 1926 and 193*. In eight years at Alabama Wade's teams won 61 games, lest 13 and tied three. His football formula is simple: Strict attention to fundamentals. Fit your system to your players. Short, concentrated practice ses sions. Play football with all you have, all the time. "The one Justification for a foot ball team in an institution of learn ing is the training in steadiness, courage, restraint and resourceful ness it gives the men who partici pate." ? Western Newspaper Union. Pocket Billiards By CHARLES C. PETERSON President. National Billiard Association of America and World's Trick Shot Champion. Lesson No. ? The diagram above (bows I kiss break shot. Be careful to place the balls at designated in diagram, showing ex actly how to line up the ball to ba played with second object ball. When all balls are carefully spotted and touching (frozen) the shot can not be missed. Hold your cue level and strike object ball in the center; and make sure yon do not english your cue ball, which will remit to failure to make the abet
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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Nov. 24, 1938, edition 1
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