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The Alamance Gleaner Vol LXVU GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, AUGUST 28, 1941 " - No. WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS By Edward C. Wayne long, Hard War* Now Being Forecast As FDR Indicates^ U. S. and Britain Will Furnish Supplies to Soviet in *42; Vladivostok Looms as Trouble Spot (EDITOR'S NOTE?WkM epinlens arc ?prin?d la these columns, their ?re these ef the mews Analyst am* met aeeessarlly of this newspaper.) by Wsstmrn Newspaper Union.) When the American Federation of Labor street ear and bus strike was called in Detroit, thousands of workers in vital defense plants had to find ether methods of getting to work from their homes. This picture shows part of the many hundreds of basses that were idle pending the outcome nl (hp enrrtriop ctrikp LINCOLN: An Echo For some time after President Roosevelt had quoted Lincoln's gloomy words following the first year of the Civil war, correspond ents puzzled themselves as to what interpretation could properly be put upon them. The words (Lincoln's) were these: "I have no word of encourage ment to give. The military situa-" tion is far from bright, and the country knows it as well as I do. The fact is, the people have not yet made up their minds that we are at war with the South. "They have not buckled down to the determination to fight this war through, for they have got the idea, into their heads that we are going to get out of this fix somehow by strategy I That's the word, strategy I "General McClellan thinks he is going to whip the rebels by strategy, and the army has got the same no tion. They have no idea that the war is to be carried on and put through by hard, tough fighting; that it will hurt somebody, and no head way is to be made while this delu sion lasts." President Roosevelt wrote his own headline over this interview based cn Lincoln's words to a group of Chicago women in an "off the rec ord talk"?and let it be known that he intended drawing a parallel. But the newsmen saw two paral lels?one that the President was telling American people that some of them "were going to get hurt" in this war; the other that he was telling the people that "hard, tough days" are ahead, and "that the mili tary situation was far from bright." Though either of these parallels seemed simple enough to draw from the words of Lincoln, others pointed to the fact that the President him self, when talking to the corre spondents, underlined that portion "the people have not made up their minds" and so forth. And this, in view of the fact that there was still a considerable anti administration group, and that they were extremely vocal, and claimed large numbers, seemed one of the more likely parallels to draw from the President's echoing of Lincoln's words. Later in his talk with the corre spondents the President let drop a remark which, despite his expressed wishes, formed the "lead" of most at the dispatches?that the war preparations were being made for it to last at least until 1M3. Yet he had said previously that the Russians, he believed, would hold out through the winter of 1M1, that the winter, he believed, would sas a general cessation of the fight ing on the east front due to weather conditions, and that Britain and the United States would concentrate on getting aid to Russia for the opening ct the spring campaign in IMS. DAMAGE: In Germany One oi the first recent eyewitness ? reports of actual damage in Oer- j many from the heavily stiesasd new I Royal Air force attacks was brought to London by a "returning neutral I diplomat." j He struck the keynote at the situ- i ation by stating that the women at ' Hamburg, where he eras stationed. * lind ! an it is in Bremen." j JAPAN: Australia Speaks Up Prime Minister Robert Menzies of Australia, accusing Japan of creat ing all the tension that existed in the Far East, made a statement which showed that British sources still had not given up hope of main taining some sort of peaceful con dition in the Orient. He said, in part, "any talk by Japan that Russia, America, Brit ain, China and the Dutch are trying an encirclement of Japan is utterly untrue." He pointed back to the Churchill Roosevelt conference, and stated that Japan's invasion of Indo China and her other moves in that direc tion were aimed at creating tension, and were unjustified. Yet there was in his statement, as well as those emanating from London, every indication that there is a belief the situation surrounding Japan is not hopeless. Many of these observers pointed to Vladivos tok as the future storm center, and that Japan's peace or war would rise or fall on her action concerning the Siberian port. For it is to Vladivostok that all the aid for Russia from the United States and Britain must go, and al though Japan had made some re marks that she could not watch such procession of military movements quietly, British circles seemed to feel that Nippon was beginning to realize that a move against Vladi vostok certainly would involve her in war, and that she "must come out on the short end" if she chooses that pathway. They saw Japan as holding her hand, as thinking things over, and that the proper policy would be for Britain and the United States to be increasingly firm, thus giving an im petus to Japanese caution. ? Menzies simply warned the Jap anese: "Britain and the United States, though one s belligerent and the other a neutral, are entering into a great moral partnership." One British commentator said that a blockade of Vladivostok "cer tainly would bring war between Japan and the Western Democra cies." The plural seemed to include America with Britain. TRENCHES: A Letter Home With what purpose in mind it was difficult to understand, but Berlin releaaed a story purporting to be from a soldier on the eastern front describing in detail the difficulties of trench warfare, on the keynote, "now we can tell our fathers that we, too, fought in trenches." Although the sector was not des ignated, certain items caused the belief that it eras in the central part of the huge battlefield, where for weeks the German advance was bogged down, and where the high command complained of weather End road conditions. The soldier, writing home, told of the rain and the mud in the tranches, of shoes not taken etf for weeks, and at the terrific dangers Cram Russian hand grenade and ar tillery fire. - Iks letter, said It was like a Ptxtcfa I and Judy ritow, for whenever a bead < was lifted, a grenade was hurled, i this pictured a wa^ef potdtton, net 1 'Be Assured* French Ambassador Gaston Henri Hay is pictured being interviewed by the press following his latest conference with Sec. of State Hull. The Ambassa dor assured the Secretary that France has no intention of turning over the French fleet on French colonial bases to Germany. These assurances were part of the formal explanation of Mar* thai Peiain's declaration of closer French collaboration with Germany. NEXT: Phases of War? Assuming it to be correct that the Germans will be bogged down by the advent of winter on the eastern front, many were asking what the next phases of the war would be. It was generally agreed that the center of activity and interest would shift to the Near-East, and to north ern Africa, for the advent of winter in the Soviet battlefield would bring to that territory what many believed the Nazi army had been waiting for ?cooler weather. General Smuts predicted that the Nazis would try a huge assault in North Africa in September, and that it would fail. Some sort of activity also was expected on the Syrian and Turkish front. As to the Rusao-German war, it was believed certain that thei Nazis would try a blitz attack across the Dnieper river in an attempt to com plete the conquest of the Ukraine before cold weather, and that the use of large numbers of parachute troopa^imilar to the attack on Crete might be looked for. In fact there were dispatches that the Russian anti-aircraft fire had shot down large German planes actually carrying tanks?proof that this had been part of the plan the Nazis have for the invasion of Britain. The only time that the Budenny army will have, these authorities pointed out, to prepare to meet the onslaught of the German army un der General Von Rundstedt, would be that required by the Nazis to "mop up" such resistance points as Odessa and others in the part cut off by the pincer movement. The chutists, they said, would be employed in an effort to drive Rus sian machine-gunners from the east bank of the river, and dive bombers would be used to harass the artillery farther to the Russian rear. FERRY: To Africa, Suez A method by which American flier* could ferry British war planes to Suez and Africa without technical ly impairing this country's war po sition was found. Pan-American Airways agreed to dp the delivering, hiring pilots for this purpose, and flying the bombers and fighters over already organized Pan-American passenger routes. This showed the advantage of well-organized air lines in thns of war. The Pan-American officials pointed out how difficult the ferrying job was in view of the fact that the British had no such organized routes, and that when planes were delivered, there was great difficulty on the part of the British in getting the pilots back to their starting point. But Pan-American, with mail and passenger routes to South America and the Near-East, could send the planes over with hired pilots, and fly them back to this country as passengers on their regularly ached uled planes, or could add more spe cial transport planes to already or ganized routes, with weather reports landing bases, fuel supplies and radio communications already es tablished. The plan, evidently soon to be put into effect, was another implement ing of America's lend-lease aid to Britain, and was seen as wiping out another bottleneck. A WIDOW ^ Though declaring herself still cer tain that ah* is a widow because one of Josef Stalin's secret agents assassinated her husband. Mm*. Leon Trotsky, la aa iatarview on the first anedveraary^efjre ka? REA Has New Program For Aiding U. S. Farmer Electrification Administration Backs Plan for Placing of Nourishing Foods on Rural Dinner Tables. By BAUKHAGE National Farm and Home Hour Commantatoi WND Service, 1S43 H Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. For the past few weeks the direc tors of rural utility companies and the members of co-operatives which furnished electric light and power have been hearing about a new idea. The idea has to do with a judicious mixture of kilowatts, vitamins and dollars?its purpose is to bring the kitchen to the schoolhouse and more nourishing food into the home. The idea was launched at a din ner at Grand Island, Neb., and the dinner was addressed by four prom inent persons who weren't there (they talked by telephone and loud speaker) and by officials of the Rural Electrification administra tion. The people who weren't there were the secretary of agriculture, Claude Wickard, the federal secu rity administrator, Paul McNutt, the commissioner of education, John Studebaker, and the REA ad ministrator, Harry Slattery. The next day the plan was de scribed in detail to the Grand Islanders. Wallace Statement. Perhaps the best way to explain the plan is to begin with a recent remark of Vice President Wallace: "On a foundation of good food we can build anything. Without it, we can build nothing . . . We want to make sure that our millions are so fed that their teeth are good, their digestive systems healthy, their re sistance to premature old age en hanced through strong bodies and alert minds." That is part of the credo of the "food for defense" program. And the Rural Electrification adminis tration hit on the idea of starting things in the one-room schoolhouse. The electric power and light wires of the 824 systems which receive loans from the government pass by some 11,545 school buildings. More than half of them are one-room. Many already are electrically light ed and more lines are being con structed by more schoolhouses. Says the REA to people in these communities: "Install electric equipment in these one-room schools which will make it possible for the children to have warm lunches. Make the school a nutri tion center where the proper choice and preparation of foods is taught. If possible, obtain equipment for three methods of preservation of food for the use of the community. (The three methods are refrigera ! tion (perhaps freezing), canning, and dehydration.) Also, add an in expensive mill for the grinding at whole grains which hsve the vita mins and the other contents which we know the American diet now lacks. Asks Free Eqatpmeat. The REA also suggests to the men who own the co-operative power lines that they install the equipment tree. Two large manufacturing companies have already agreed to sell the schools the necessary equip ment at low rates and on easy terms. The cheapest equipment, without the refrigerator, would coat about (SO. That would provide hot plates, a roaster, a small flour mill, a small dehydrator. The most expensive equipment Includes a walk-in refrigerator with a freezing equipment, larger mills and dehydrators, water pressure and water heater systems. The purpose of making such In stallation is two-fold. One is to make available proper lunches and demonstrate their preparation to the children in the hope that they will carry home the ideas. The second is to provide centers for demonstration by experts, and also a place where the women of the community can preserve food, where food can be kept in frozen storage and where facilities for dry ing and canning for the use of mem bers of the community are at hand. The final goal of this plan is ex pressed in Vice President Wallace's reference to "strung bodies and alert minds." The immediate pur pose is to provide a practical means of starting the nutrition program in the place where it will sprout? the school. Food From Hems. Imagine the child, instead of car rying a cold lunch to school, taking the flood that can be cooked there, thereto flood oa thsjarm. Sup wheat, have it ground in the mill. Suppose some of the bread is taken home, and the folks get to eating it. Then, suppose the farmer de cides to buy a little mill of his own: Say he has an average of 4% people for whom he grinds his own grain in the grinder. Then ?he gets six times the vitamin B that he would get from store bread, he gets live times the iron, four times the phosphor us, twice the calcium, eight times the magnesia, and?he saves $34.90. , The kitchen has been to school, and paid for its education. ? ? ? Suppose Hitler Stubs His Toe7 In a grass-covered triangle in historic Pennsylvania avenue's "el bow," where it obligingly stops to keep from running into the Treas ury building, stands a temporary glass house. Around it are booths and tents, a bandstand, and fierce- ' looking cannon. In the glass house defense bonds are sold. In the booths, there are representatives of the Red Cross and the United Serv ice organizations. Recruiting of ficers for the army, navy, and ma rines will politely explain the tools of their trade. That square is the symbol of this capitol city, once more a seething town, into which government work ers have poured at the rate of 3,000 a week for a whole year. And still they come. New government build ings have pushed far outside Wash ington's borders, across the Poto mac. One after another, apartment houses are being changed into of fices. Dollars pour out of the treasury at the rate of more than a billion a week. That's Washington todsy. If a Tee b Stubbed. But suppose that Hitler stubs his toe) Suppose he doesn't stub it until 1944?that is when we will have reached full production, total em ployment?and suddenly pesce 4s upon us. Over night 23,000,000 men will have to find new Jobs because planes and ships and tanks and bombs and shells will be a drug on the market Three and a half million more men in the armed services will have to be demobilized, and most of them will have to earn their keep at peaceful trades. Tkaes sea ? 4kUL *uei? mc avuic ^cv^/ic wnu umi* it ia Dot quite patriotic to think about such things, right now. But the thoughtful ones know that prep aration for peace is an even bigger problem than preparation for war and now is hardly soon enough to begin thinking about it. Planning Beard. And so they are thinking about R. Especially a little group with mod est offices in the state department? the National Resources Planning board. The chairman of this board is Frederic Delano; one of the vlca chairmen is the noted pnlttlnal sci entist, Charles Edward Merriam. The board was established in IBM, under <bo Reorganisation act, as a principal division of the executive office of the President. It operates with technical assistance, co-operat ing with federal, state, regional and private and institutions, preparing reports and outlining plans and programs on the use and conservation of natural resources. Right now, this board is begin ning the tremendous job of prepar ing for peace. Its members believe that switching back to production for peace will be easier than switch ing over to production for war. These planners say that produc tion at peacetime goods can be balanced by consumption; that the process, thanks to this nation's grest resources, will pay for itself, and that a higher standard of living will be possible for everyone. Two things are necessary to achieve this end: First, detailed planning. Second, co-operation at government, industry, agriculture and labor. As in all such govern ment-guided efforts, the degree at co-operation obtained arill deter mine the amount of regulation re quired, ss that, is the and. it comes down to the individual. In the hands of each at m rests the solu tion at this'groat problem?the prsp Invasion an Old Tale to Britons Count Stands at 54; John Paul Jones Made Two Of Coast Sorties. LONDON.?Adolf Hitler's invasion plans are an old story to British historians who list the anticipated Nazi attempt as No. 95 in a long list of attacks on the coast line of the British isles. The Daily Mail 32 years ago pub lished "an invasion map of Eng land," revealing that through the centuries the United Kingdom had been invaded 54 times?twice even by John Paul Jones during the Rev olutionary war period when he was attacking English shipping. Few of the attackers have been able to make their invasions more than mere stabs. But historians ad mit that invasion No. 59, if it ma terializes, is going to be the most difficult of the lot. German soldiers landed 2,000 strong back in 1480?but they were just part of a parade at Normans, Danes, Dutch, French, Italians and Spanish. In the words of the Daily Mail historian: "Few who came to strafe remained to slay." Two Attacks by Jones. John Paul Jones successfully at tacked the English port of White haven in 1778, landing sailors to scuttle dock ships and burn part of the quay. Jones also attacked Leith, Scotland. One of the strangest stories in volved the German troops when a 10-year-old boy, son of an Oxford tradesman, led them and an Irish force in a landing at Fourdray on the coast of Lancashire. He was Lambert Simnel, a puppet pretend er set up by the Yorkist Kildare to overthrow the Lancastrian Henry VII. Henry himself had won the throne by invasion with the aid of 3,000 Frenchmen. It was the first and only time German soldiers had landed in England. They were defeated at the village of East Stoke, Nottingham shire, and their general. Marten Schwarz, was killed. Henry gave the would-be King Lambert a job as a turnspit in his kitchen. In 1867, the streets of London ech oed to the roar of guns from the Dutch fleet which sailed up the Thames, burned Chattham dockyard and captured one ef England's finest men-o'-war. But that was the thirty second invasion attempt. William of Orange Next. Twenty-one years later, William of Orange led the only successful large-scale invasion. He sailed into Torbay with 600 transport boats and 50 men-o'-war and entered England with 13,000 men. Historians describe this as more of a response to an invitation than an invasion. There was no battle. During snaxespeares aay uierc alao was much talk of invasion when Philip of Spain cast ambitious eyes toward the powerful islands north of him. He formed a twelfth cen tury Axis with Italy and chose the southwest coast of Ireland as the point of attack. Four times?in 1979, 1980 and twice in 1601?the Span iards came but never conquered. Napoleon had aimilar dreams and staged blitzkriegs on a more for midable scale. His theory was that the best way of invading England was through Ireland or southwest Wales. But these attempts were historic failures. The last time an enemy force suc ceeded in making a landing on the soil of England, Scotland, Ireland or Wales was in 17M, but many con querors still think about it German Amazed; Finds No Wild West Heroes SAN ANTONIO. TEXAS.?Her bert Spiro was a little disappointed whao he came to the United States from Germany. He wasn't disap pointed so much with the United States as a whole as he was at Texas. "The first thing I expected to see in Texas was a whole flock of Wild West heroes and Indians," he says. "You see, that's what we believed hi Germany about Texas." The 16-year-old Hamburg, Germa ny, boy said that Nazi youths ac cept most Western fiction as fact. One German, he said, had grown quite popular as the author of 80 books dealing with Wild West he roes and Indians with Texas as a locale. Draftee Learns Quickly About New Game?Poker SAN JOSE. CALIF.?A draftee offered to sell his automobile tor $190. He seid he had to pay soma debts before entering the army, ax plaining be had met a couple of farm boys from Iowa who had bean * Old U. S. Destroyers Now Doing Good Job Warships Traded to Britain Making Fine Record. 4N EASTERN CANADIAN PORT ?American destroyers traded to Britain last fall are doing an excel lent job in the battle of the Atlan tic, according to an English sub lieutenant who has served aboard them. , "You come across them off the English coast all the time," he said. "They're doing a grand job of pa trolling for subs and raiders. "I came to Canada toward the end of last October," the young officer continued. "We took one of the 'Yankees' back two weeks later, and I must say I found it very good. "They did a quick job on her as soon as we got her to an V"g"?h port," he said. "For one thing, we fitted her with more anti-aircraft guns. There were a few other changes as well, then we got out to sea as fast as we could. "That new ack-ack armament was a good idea. Several times in later weeks we were attacked by ' German planes and were able to drive them off. Those old ships are right on the job. "After we'd had her for a couple of months, our destroyer was taken over by a complete Norwegian crew. The last I heard of her she was still going at it over there." Earlier, this young sub-lieutenant had sailed in a British destroyer at the "V and W" type. They are ships comparable in age to the former American, vessels. "It wouldn't be quite fair to com pare the British destroyer I was in with the Yankee,' '< he said. "This particular British ship had been sup plied with a lot of the latest equip ment for experimental purposes. "But as far as accommodations go, you couldn't want anything bet ter than the American ship had." War Shortages Put Rome Zoo on Stricter Diets ROME?War rationing has struck so heavily at Italian zoos that many of their carnivorous animals have become strict vegetarians. Wolves, hyenas, foxes and other animals which formerly lived on a raw meat diet now subsist on vege tables and bread boiled into a mass with a bone tossed in for flavor. They appear to like it Zookeepers said that, paradoxically, the mora stupid animals art receiving the best food because they refuse to change their habits. The Rome zoo's 37-year-old orang utan Marko, which formerly lived on a diet at bananas, has not tasted one in a year, but does not seem to mind his new diet of carrots and spinach. Tiger* and lion* which formerly ate nothing but the best cut* of beef now willingly devour lungs, livers, hearts and huge loaves of bread soaked in fresh ox blood. Sometimes slab* of fresh donkey meat are tossed hi to keep the big cats' teeth strong. The keepers have been unable to wean the snakes from a diet of rab bit to fresh vegetables, but as part of the rationing they are now get ting fewer meals. Swallows Remove Horn* From Abandonee! Hon** PUEBLO, COLO. ? For yean swallows returned each spring to their mud nests at the Female Cen ter building of the Colorado State hospital ? )ust like their famous cousins of the San Juan Capistrano. They returned on the same date each year and every autumn all da parted en masse, as regular as a clock. Last winter the Female Center, an old structure, was abandoned by hospital inmates in preparation for its demolition. When the swallows returned this spring they inspected the building and evidently decided that if it was not inhabited they wouldn't live in it either. So they built mud nests In eaves of newer buildings about the other old buildings on the grounds. Now while workmen tear down the old building and its deserted swallow nests, the little feathered creatures snug in their new horns* ?look on. Standardized Clothes Prepared for Britons LONDON. ? Standardised men's clothing will be on sale in Great Britain next tan Mid standardized women's and children's clothes are expected later, Metford Wstkins, di rector general of civilian clothing, announced. Man's ready-made tweed suite wffl sell at M shillings (gU) and worsted suits st TS shiU as to quality.
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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Aug. 28, 1941, edition 1
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