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WHO'S NEWS THIS WEEK By LEMUEL F. PARTON Consolidated Features.?WNU Release. "MEW YORK.?Lord Halifax re ' cenlly discovered Texas with great .enthusiasm. Perhaps he had advanqg news of the appointment of Lone Star State Sons Make Teras' D. Eisenhow Good Newt Tag era! of the newly established Euro pean theater of operations for U.S.A. forces. General Eisenhower was born and grew up in Texas, as did Admiral Nimltz, later of the Coral sea and Midway. Other sons of the Lone Star state are bringing fame to the name Texas. Two main facets of interest light np the general's career. He was long an intimate aide and protege of General Douglas MacArthur, and in his name and fame, the accent is on youth. In army shifts, rapid advance ments and adaptations, in which it was indicated that we weren't going to have a muscle-bound army, his name frequently has appeared. General Eisenhower is 52, of the younger school of army offlcers who make war a science rather than an art. In this connection, he has been characterised as a tactician, as well as a strategist, this, so far as we can learn, indicating a capacity for quick improvisa tion, even if it breaks some clas sical rnle-of-thnmb. One reasonable deduction from the selection of General Eisenhower for the European command is that it indicates preparations for a land attack. While he has made special studies of co-ordination of land, sea and air forces, he is a land gen eral, one of the army's leading spe cialists in tank warfare. He was a lieutenant-colonel in the tank corps in the first World war and was com manding officer of the tank corps training center at Gettysburg. Graduated from West Point in 1915, he took a diploma from the army tank school and was an honor gradu ate of the command general staff school in 1926. His Distinguished Service medal came from his service in the Philip pines. When General MacArthur went to the islands in 1935, to build the commonwealth army, he took Colonel Eisenhower with him as his aide, and as assistant military ad viser to the government. He re mained until February, 1940, to re turn home as chief of staff of the Third army at San Antonio, Texas. He attained the rank of brigadier general in 1941. He was assistant chief of staff of the war plans di vision before his recent departure for London with high-ranking officers to scout a European western front. "Alert, resourceful, dependable and adaptable" are prevailing char acterizations by those who know him. ? TP HIS John Ford, the moving plc ture director, who became a commander in the navy and got wounded at Midway, is an Irishman Film Director Not Directing in Battle from Port That Itn't Celluloid let in his arm, grinding out a close up of the battle, on top of the Mid way power house. The filming was an official navy job in the midst of a lot of official shooting. Hollywood passes on the story with an unre hearsed cheer for its Mr. Ford. He got his start as a property hoy and before he was 25 had made 2M Westerns. At 22, he directed "The Iron Horse." He built his name on that of the film tag of his brother, Francis Ford, serial star of the silent pictures. He is known on tho picture lots as quiet and tough, biting his pipe a lot and not say ing mach. He is apt to throw the script away and improvise a plot. His signal achievement In the Urn has been to get sharp characterisation with a mini mum of stereotype and hokum. This year "How Green Was My Valley" won for him the Academy and Film Critics' Circle awards for the best directing of 1941. He won the Academy award in 1935 for "The Informer," and In 1940 for "The Grapes of Wrath." He is big and bulky, with thinning, sandy hair and heavily rimmed glasses, 47 years old. ? COME years ago a famous sociolo J gist said that since we were rap idly developing an "energy civiliza tion," youth would have to acquire so much technical knowledge that it would be gray over the ears before it would be of any use. Many of today's stand-outs disprove this. Here's Abe Fortas, undersecretary of the interior at 32. When 23, he was a member of the President's liquor control commission. In big legal forays and tournaments for the government, his record already Would fill a fat biography. Streamlined Distribution Increases Farm Income Consumers Heeded, Marketing Plans Are Developed, Standards Raised. For years Jefferson county, Kentucky, growers sent their Irish potatoes into northern markets to compete with plentiful supplies from other sections of the country. When the 1941 harvest season opened last July with the north ern market heavily glutted, grower-members of the St. Mat thews Produce Exchange, Jefferson County Co-operative, pre pared to give up potatoes as a cash crop. In a last desperate effort to salvage their cash crop, R. W. Hite, president of the exchange; called his membership to gether for a meeting with a group of distributors and restaurant oper ators. Instead of trying to move the potatoes into overloaded outside markets, the growers agreed with several distributors to seek to de velop a market within the state through a "Kentucky Potato Cam ' paign." The resulting drive enabled the stores to move a large percent age of the crop locally and to boost prices paid the association 40 per cent. Now, instead of reducing their production, the 150 members of the exchange plan a 10 per cent in crease this year in line with the federal government's request for greater production of fresh fruits and vegetables to aid the "Food for Victory" program. The Kentuckians' experience is one of many examples of bow growers throughout the country are attacking the major prob lem created by the increased production called for in the "Food for Victory" drive?find ing profitable markets for the great crops of fresh fruits and vegetables now ripening in the fields and orchards of Amer ica. Production no longer is the prob lem?farmers throughout the nation are responding wholeheartedly to the government's appeal for more fresh fruits and vegetables for America's dining tables. This year's crop yields, intention reports of the department of agriculture indicate, will be the largest since 1933. Production increases in certain crops and in certain sections of the country are tremendous. Through June 13, the department of agricul ture reported, rail shipments of commercial truck crops were 13 per cent greater than a year ago. Move ment was heavier for beans, beets, carrots, cauliflower, green corn, cu cumbers, mixed vegetables, onions, spinach, cantaloupes, strawberries and Irish potatoes. During one two week period alone, shipment of commercial early potatoes rose nearly 2,000 cars above the corre sponding period of 1941. Growers Improve Production. Along the fruit front increases as large as those for fresh vegetables are not likely?it takes years to develop new fruit trees. However, growers are expected to improve production through more applica tions of fertilizers, better orchard management practices and elimina tion of as much waste as possible in production, harvesting and pro cessing. With production under control, the nation's growers now must make sure that their "vitamin bullets" reach the 130,000,000 Americans for whom they are intended. As Secretary of Agriculture Wlckard recently pointed out, production is "only the first step. Food, as one of the mu nitions of total war, is effective only when it is in the right form, at the right place, and at the right time." Realizing more than ever that their job does not end with the har vest but instead extends to the con sumer's market basket, farmers are paying increasing attention to the necessity of streamlining the distri bution system to eliminate waste and to increase their own cash re turns. With fruit and vegetable growers throughout the country get ting only 35 cents of the retail dol lar for their sales through all trade channels, growers are seeking to perform their own operations at the lowest possible cost while at the most economical marketing chan nels. Working with distributors, exten sion directors, county agents and heads of staft colleges of agricul ture, growers are developing mar keting programs and are making or ganized efforts to raise grade and pack standards to meet consumer demand. Movements of early sea son poor varieties and immature produce, shipments of which in the past built "consumer resistance" to better grades during peak move ments, are being reduced. Growers are building their home markets, with the active aid of dis tributors, extension services and ag ricultural leaders. Retail distribu tors, chain and independent, at the request of growers, are staging timely advertising and promotion campaigns. In brief, growers are striving to place marketing on a non speculative basis and to develop fall co-operation among grow ers, shippers, distributors and state and federal marketing agencies in the Job of moving food from farm to dinner table. Farmers are increasing their marketing efficiency in a variety of ways. In Alabama, for example, thousands of bushels of tomatoes grown in Blount county in recent years were bought by itinerant truckers at unusually low prices. The truckers then hauled the toma toes 100 miles across country to Atlanta and sold them to wholesal ers. Often the wholesalers trucked them back more than 100 miles to Birmingham, only a short dis tance from Blount county. Farmers Got Almost Nothing. Consumers frequently paid sky high prices for the tomatoes be cause of the expenses of the trip, various handling costs and profits? yet the farmers themselves got al most nothing. Thus when the A & P last summer guaranteed the Blount Countians a market for their toma toes if they would set up a market ing co-operative to assure quality and quantity, the growers respond ed immediately. I tlKiU ?l ? ? - - mui uie acuve DacKing ol the Agricultural Extension service and the marketing support of the stores, 75 growers formed the Blount Coun ty Tomato Growers association, bought a second-hand grader and 1,600 tomato crates with an invest ment of less than $700, and began operations the first of September. Association members averaged $2.50 a bushel the first two months, double the top average in past years. In New England, New Hampshire potato growers worked out with chain stores a direct farm-to-store marketing operation which returned to the farmers 78 cents of the retail dollar, compared with the national average share of only 52 cents for all gTades marketed through trade channels. In Pennsylvania, 848 grower members of the Pennsylvania Co operative Potato Growers associa tion have developed a direct farm to-retail-store system unique in the annals of farm marketing. The co operative sells 80 per cent of its output on a "streamlined" basis whereby growers deliver individual ly to nearby stores. With no middleman save the gro cery counter, both farmer and con sumer benefit Potatoes for which the grower is paid from 17 to 19 cents per peck are sold to the con sumer for only 20 to 21 cents. Dur ing the 1941-42 marketing season, ! the association sold 4,918,499 pecks for $1,324,065. Fruit and vegetable growers throughout the nation face other big problems resulting from the nation's war effort Transportation, both rail and truck, is becoming more and more of a problem as rail facili ties are taxed to capacity. Working with the extension serv ices, other agricultural leaders and distributors, farmers are moving to solve this problem, too. Movement of produce directly from farm to retail store is being increased. Where possible, farmers are find ing markets closer to home for their fruits and vegetables. DIRECT MARKETING IN S. CAROLINA Farmers, seeking to so Ire transportation problems created by the war and also And more profitable markets for their produce, are mooing much of their produce as directly as possible from farm to retail stores. Here L. C. White (right), field buyer for the Atlantic Commission company, watches peaches being loaded onto a truck at a packing shed operated by members of the Ridge Peach and Vegetable association at Ridge Spring, S. C. The truck takes the fresh peaches directly to retail stores. Rural America Losing Youths to Gties numui uoes neu dick in rural areas by lack of employment in in dustrial centers from 1832 to 1M1 now are flowing cityward at accel erated speeds, in the opinion of Dr. A. R. Mangus, department of rural sociology, Ohio State university. Dr. Mangus recently issued a re port of a survey made in Ross coun ty to find what had happened to the 4,629 young men and women who were between the ages of 18 and 27 when the census was taken in April, 1940. The survey made in March, 1942, disclosed that 1,200 of those young men and 800 of the young women left the county in the two years since the census was taken. The survey also showed that in dustry took more young men from the county than the number who en listed or were inducted into the army. A larger percentage of both young men and women left villages with less than 2,500 population than went from farm homes. 232,004 More Latest figures of the depart ment of agriculture reveal that there were 232,000 more persons employed on American farms on June 1 than on the same date a year ago. FARM TO RETAIL STORE COOP METHOD Members of the Pennsylvania Co-operative Potato Growers associa tion market 60 per cent of their output by moving it direct from farms in 4S counties to nearby retail stores. As a result, the 848 growers mar keting through the association last year got 80 cents of the retail dollar, far above the national average share. An association truck is shown unloading potatoes at the back door of a large retail store. Hints New Era In Navy Planes Huge Liquid-Cooled Engines Newly Developed for Use in Aircraft. WASHINGTON.?In an announce ment foretelling a revolutionary change in naval aircraft design, the navy disclosed the development of a huge new liquid-cooled engine ap proaching 2,000 horsepower. If the navy's use of this extraor dinary power plant follows the same general line of airplane con struction adopted by the army with liquid-cooled engines, a new series of naval fighter craft, faster and more powerful than any now on first-line duty, is in the making. With liquid-cooled motors, the army developed the P-40s which have performed brilliantly in bat tle from England to Australia; the speedy new P-39, or Bell Airacobra; the twin-tailed P-38 and the P-51, a "mystery" fighter. Air-Cooled Engines Used. The navy has built up its carrier based fighter plane force almost ex clusively on air-cooled engines. The best of these now produce between 1,000 and 1,200 horsepower, while some of the newer army pursuit craft are reported to exceed this figure. Official silence cloaked both the performance figures and future uses of the new engine. The formal an nouncement that it had been com pleted and placed on contract de scribed it only as "considerably larger than any other liquid-cooled aircraft engine now in production," with power sufficiently great "as to compare favorably with that of the largest-type aircraft engine present ly in use." The largest known air-cooled air craft engines now used by the navy are the 2,000-horsepower units placed on the giant flying boat Mars. Both Types Have Merit. The argument between advocates of liquid-cooled and radial engines is of long standing. Chief relative merits claimed for the two types are that the liquid-cooled engine presents a smaller frontal area, per mitting the designing of smaller fuselages?a great advantage in high-speed fighters, while the air cooled engine turns up greater power in relation to its weight. The army recently has favored liquid-cooled engines, with one nota ble exception, and the navy has con centrated on radial plants. The army exception is the new P-47, about which little is known except that it uses a radial engine reported to turn up about 2,000 horsepower. The navy's new engine was devel oped by the Lycoming Engine divi sion of the Aviation Corporation, Wil liamsport, Pa. The corporation was given a contract to produce the en gines and construction of a new plant for that purpose already has been started in Ohio. Discover Vitamin Bl Puts End to Tantrums IOWA CITY, IOWA.?Experiments with thiamin, the Bl vitamin, have succeeded in changing irritable, un reasonable people to smiling, friend ly human beings in from 30 min utes to 20 hours. The experiment conducted in Southern United States by Profes sor John Knott of the University of Iowa and Dr. Tom Spies of the Uni versity of Cincinnati, may mean an entire change of personality for the people in low-income groups who do not get a proper diet and, as a result, become cross and unco-oper ative. The scientists gave thiamin injec tions to 115 persons who showed emotional unstability and bad dis positions. A complete change of personality occurred within a short period of time. Dr. Knott and his colleagues found that the people in low-income groups are relatively happy and contented in late summer and fall after a sum mer of balanced diet from their gardens. But in the winter they be come abnormal. Many of the people develop fears, tantrums, irritability, and become easily angered. Plan to Ruth Work on Great $50,000,000 Dam FONT ANA, N. C.?A small army of workmen is preparing the founda tion for the $50,000,000 Fontana dam, which, when completed sometime in 1945, will be the tallest structure of its kind in eastern America. The site of the 450-foot structure is above all but' one of the nine main-river dams of the Tennessee Valley authority system. Fontana dam will rise up out of what is now one of the most scenic but most in accessible sections of western North Carolina, at a point where the Tucka sigee and Little Tennessee rivers converge, in Swain county, about 35 miles from Bryson City. Ncwlywed Decides He Would Prefer the Army ROCHEl.I.E, GA.?At least one draft registrant of this area is frank about his preferences when it comes to the army or matrimony. The local draft board got this let ter: "I have been married for two months. Please help me to get in the army next week, if possible. I want to get out of the hell I'm in." 'The board classified the prospect 1-A pending examination and mailed him induction papers. Japs in Hawaii to Shun Vote in Fall Eligible, but Plan to Stay Away at Elections. HONOLULU, T. H. ? Japanese citizens in Hawaii who are eligible to vote by virtue of birth on Amer ican soil or naturalization will stay away from the polls this year in both the primary and general elec tions. Of course as American citizens they are entitled tQ vote and nothing will be done by either military or civil officials to keep them from vot ing, but word is being quietly passed around by their own leaders that it will be better for all concerned if those with Japanese blood in their veins will forget their normally keen interest in politics. And needless to say there will be no Japanese candidates on the party tickets for election this fall, unless it be for some minor office in one of the outside island counties. Heads of the Democratic and Republican party organizations have been in formally informed that even some of the prominent Japanese office holders who have been returned to their posts consistently at every election for the last decade will not run while the United States and Japan are at war. At the present time there are 15 Japanese in office from the 1940 election. Eight belong to the house of representatives in the territorial legislature, which has a total of 30 members. There is one Japanese senator, Sanji Abe, among the 15 members of the senate. He was elected for a term of four years in 1940, and unless he resigns he will be entitled to sit at the regu lar session when it convenes next February. Army Disrupts Historic Niagara Falls Hostelry NIAGARA FALLS, N. Y.?The 118-year-old Cataract house, which has catered to tourists of all walks of life including at least three Presi dents, resounds to the footsteps of 500 men and officers of the .United States air force studying the opera tion and maintenance of the Bell Airacobra. One of the fighter planes has been assembled in the River Boat room, famed ballroom which has been con verted into a huge class room. The dining rooms have become mess halls for the men who repair and maintain war planes. The handsome circular bar has been dismantled. The hostelry now operates only as an army barracks, with all facilities closed to the public. Sixty perma nent guests were ousted on 24 hours notice when the army moved in with plans to conduct month-long classes for successive contingents of 500 air corps mechanics. The original Cataract house was built in 1824, part of the rambling structure being cut away when the state took over the Niagara reser vation and established the popular drive along the edge of the rapids which lead to the falls. Church Charters a Bus For Sunday Worshippers ELIZABETH, N. J. ? Because many of its members hold low gaso line ration cards, the Second Pres byteriah church here will operate a chartered bus through the Elmora area of this city and parts of Roselle Park to carry them to and from church services Sunday mornings. The church has a considerable membership in the areas the bus will cover, much of which is beyond normal walking distance. The general ban on chartered bus operations exempts vehicles for use of religious organizations, the Rev. Dr. Stewart M. Robinson, pastor, said he had been advised. If the experiment proves satisfactory the chartered bus method of getting members to church probably will be provided each week, Dr. Robinson said. People With Long Faces Less Subject to Migraine CHICAGO.?Here's cheering news for people with long faces. Dr. Edward A. Fisher, New York, believes you are less likely to suf fer from migraine headache than people whose face length has been shortened by loss of excessive wear of teeth. Writing in the Journal of the American Dental Association, Fish er explained that loss of teeth or excessive wear causes a backward movement of the lower jaw, pro ducing pressure against the struc ture of the ear and setting up a painful nervous disturbance. He cited several cases in which inlays or onlays to restore the nor mal relationship of the jaws had "relieved" migraine headache. But he warned dentists against making their patients' faces "too long." Soldiers Will Feed Upon Apple Nuggets WASHINGTON. ? The army now is buying dehydrated apple nuggets to vary soldiers' fare. The war department announced an initial contract had been placed for 1,000,000 pounds. Dif fering from dried and canned fruit, apple nuggets look much like popcorn, may be eaten straight, tastes good with cereals. | ASK ME 4)? ANOTHER * \ f A General Quiz m J The Question* 1. When was the U. S. Marine Corps organized? 2. Where is the force of gravity felt the least, at the poles or at the equator? 3. What is another name for horse mackerel? 4. Who was the first man to be . President of the 48 American states? 5. If an object has no definite shape, it is said to be what? 6. What was a Greek hoplite? 7. What width is a hairsbreadthT 8. How many Civil war veterans are now living? 9. What breed of cow holds the world's milk production record? 10. What live animal actors have to be faked in Hollywood picture making? The Answer* 1. In 1775 (by an act of the Con tinental congress). 2. The equator. 3. Tuna. 4. William H. Taft. 5. Amorphous. - 6. A soldier. 7. In reality, a hairsbreadth is one forty-eighth of an inch. 8. The Veterans administration had 1,316 Civil war veterans on its list September 30, 1941. 9. Holstein. 10. The only live animal actors in Hollywood that have to be faked are African elephants, for pictures with African scenes. There are only six such animals from that continent in the United States and they cannot be rented. Asiatic elephants have to be used and are made to look like their African cousins by wearing large false ears. CALLOUSESOl To relieve painful callooaaa, burn- V fiB I ing or tenderneaa on bottom offeat I and remove cillon? gal tbeae UyJ thin, eoothlng, cushioning pads. LZ/ Surface Errors Errors, like straws, upon the surface flow. ? To Refine nOWTBLY?V [female m If jrou suffer monthly cramps, back ache, nervousness, distress of Tnsrularttlaa"?due to functional monthly disturbances?try Lydla K. Plnkham's Vegetable Compound at once I Plnkham's Compound Is one medicine you can buy today made especially for women. Taken regularly thruout the month ? 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The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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