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The Alamance Gleaner Vol LXIX GRAHAM, N. C., THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 1943 No. 42 WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Nazis Wreck Northern Italian Ports To Hamper Future Allied Operations; United Nations Formulate Relief Plan; U. S. Issues Current Casualty Figures (EDITOB'8 NOTE: Whan opinions art espressed In these eolnmns, they arc those of Western Newspaper Union's news analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.) ' Released by Western Newspaper Union. Allied Pact?s.?t?d around conference table from left to right, U. S. I Secretary of State Cordell Hull; Russian Foreign Commissar Vyacheslav isolator, and British Foreign Minister Anthony Eden, sign historic pact in Moscow, calling for League of Nations to preserve postwar peace. Said Hull: "We agreed upon a broad, basic program of international co-operation. The program contemplates the hastening of victory . . ^ the preservation of peace and the promotion of human welfare . ? ITALY: Destroy Ports Italy's northern ports of Leghorn and Pescara were blocked by Nazi demolition squads to render them useless to the Allies for future op erations, or in the event Gen. Dwight Eisenhower attempted landings above Rome to trap elements of five German divisions holding out in the mountainous country to the south. Principal action in Italy centered ?n the Fifth army front, where Lieut Gen. Mark Clark's mixed British and U. S. forces were edg ing forward at the mountain passes at Mignano, to gain the long, level valley leading to Rome. Once General Clark's warriors burst through at Mignano, they still will have to buck elaborate Nazi mountain fortresses farther up the valley at Cassino, which stands some iO miles from Rome. Because Al lied troops must clamber up rugged slopes in the face of entrenched en emy machine gunners and mortars, and U. S. artillery must rake whole mountain sides to clear out Nazi po6ts, progress necessarily is slow. Fit Italy Into War To get Italy functioning on the side of the Allies, Gen. Dwight Eisenhower established a control commission headed by Maj. Gen. Kenyan Joyce, formerly of the 9th service command. Purpose of the commission will be to fit the country's agriculture and industry into Allied war plans, and to regulate Italian governmental ad V^jninistratipn. .1 " , Tp prevent any political party 1 ' from establishing its hold over the country through military force, the commission will control Italy's re vived fighting services. Advising the commission will be the U. S., British, Russian and French committee on Mediterranean affairs, and Greece and Jugoslavia wQ! be included later. WORLD RELIEF: Allied Plans Assembling in the east room of the White House, representatives irom ? unnea na tions signed an agreement for the relief and rehabili tation of Europe, with each country providing supplies to the limit of its capacity. Of the 48 million tans of food, seed, bel, clothing, raw auterials, machin ery and medical aopplies that will be ?ceded for Euro pean relief during the six months fol lowing the war, the Herbert Lehman U. & will furnish nearly 9tt million tons. Great Britain million tons, Europe 29 million tons, and other regions 4 million tons. Congress will appropriate the finds for American participation. Sated for appotatment as direct tor general of the relief and rehabili tation administration was former Governor Herbert Lehman of New York. Purpose of the administration Is to tide ever distressed people of recSoquered areas until they can put their factories and land back into production. CROPS: Weather Helps Profiting from favorable weather, the 1943 corn crop was estimated at 3 billion, 85 million bushels by the department of agriculture on the ba sis of conditions November 1. This compared with last year's record crop of 3 billion, 175 million bush els. With October weather good and without widespread frosts, the large acreage of late corn reached ma turity in Iowa, Missouri, northwest em Ohio, and parts of Michigan and Indiana. Checking summer drouths, rains perked up late com in the South Central states. Record yields were in prospect for the Northwest. Other crop estimates for 1943: Wheat, 835,816,000 bushels; oats, 1, 148,692,000; barley, 330,212,000; rye, 33,314,000; flaxseed, 51,486,000; soy beans, 206,017,000; rice, 69,019,000; potatoes, 469,092,000; sugar beets, 7, 239,000 tons, and peanuts, 2,681,955, 000 pounds?record highs for rice, potatoes and peanuts. Hogs Crowd Markets Chicago's sprawling stockyards teemed with over 60,000 live hogs after a high three-day shipment of 128,500 head, which compared with 85,552 for the previous week and 66, 418 for the same period of 1942. As a result, packers paid the "floor" of $13.75 for only the heavier weights out of the 200 to 275 pound range on which the government has pledged price support. Packers ob tained many bargains in classes for which no "floor" has been con structed. So called "floor" prices were high on the flooded market, equalling the lowest tops since last December. SOUTHWEST PACIFIC: At Japs' Rear Pursuing his policy of pinching off Japanese strongholds in the South west Pacific by cutting off their com munications, Gen. Douglas MacAr thur has established U. S. forces to the rear of the enemy's important forward base of Buin on Bougain ville island in the Solomons. With U. S. marines and dough boys standing astride the Japs' com munication lines leading to Buin, they were in position to strike against the enemy supplies, and his main body from the rear. Bougainville is the Japs' last im portant holding in the Solomons, and apparently they were determined to take advantage of the wild nature of the humid, tropical isle for another long, delaying action. U. S. CASUALTIES: Total 120,967 U. S. casualties totaled 120,967 for almost two years of war, with the army reporting 89,648, and the navy 31,317. Of the army casualties, 12,841 were killed, 30,263 wounded, 23,952 missing and 22,592 prisoners. Since the landing at Salerno, September 9, the U. & suffered 8,556 casualties in Italy, with 1JM kUad, 4,764 wound ed and 2,497 missing. Of the navy casualties, 12,548 are dead, 5,542 wounded, 8,999 missing, and 4,228 prisoners. Of the nearly T.700,000 men in the army, about 2,500,000 men will be serving abroad by the end of the year. RUSSIA: Attack Last Railroad Russia's last north-south railway came under the attack of Red troops as they pressed forward on a 70 mile front west of recaptured Kiev. As the tlCissians drove against the railroad, other forces of their army continued attacks on Nevel, less than 50 miles from the Latvian border in the north, and on Krivoi Rog in the south. At Krivoi Rog, the Germans con- | tinued to hold open an escape cor- | ridor for the last columns of Nazi forces pulling out of the huge bend of the Dnieper river, where early Russian attacks had threatened them with encirclement. Crossing into the eastern Crimea I from the Caucasus, strong Russian i forces drew up for a major attack on the 75,000 German troops report- i edly massed in the huge peninsula, ] guarding the Black sea. The Nazis ' held their ground at the north en- i trance to the Crimea. i TIRES: Continued Shortage Although production of synthetic rubber is expected to total 818,000 tons in 1944 compared with 233,000 tons this year, only about 30 million tires will be manufactured to meet needs of essential users of cars, light delivery trucks, taxis and farm ve hicles. Ordinarily, 50 million tires are made a year. Tightness in the civilian tire sup ply will prevail because of military requirements, scarcity of manpower to operate fabricating equipment, i reduction in the peace time inven tory of tires, shortage of rayon cord | for heavy duty tires, and the cut in crude rubber imports. To obtain maximum use of pres ent tires, the rubber manufacturers' committee counseled drivers to pre serve their tire carcasses, or bodies, for recapping by protecting the walls and not running down treads. Fur ther, the committee advised low speeds, adequate air for tubes, and proper alignment for wheels and axles. Homemade Penicillin One of medicine's most precions cures, magical penicillin, is being produced at "Ave cents a plateful" by i Dr. Julius A. Vogel [ In the kitchen of his Pittsburgh, Pa., res idence. Properly equipped, any doctor i can grow his own I supply, Dr. Vogel I says. | ..'VHH Plant physician for the Jones and Laagh Dr. vogel Un stee, corporation Vogel has nsed his penicillin to treat external infections, with complete cares effected in more than a score of cases. CHILD DELINQUENCY: Supervision Needed During the last year, delinquency among girls has increased 38 per cent and among boys 11 per cent. Katherine Lenroot, chief of the chil dren's bureau of the department of labor, declared. With 5% million women with chil dren under 14 years of age work ing, and many fathers in service or sleeping days, a general weakening in home supervision is a contribut ing cause for the delinquency, Miss Lenroot said. More than one million more women will be needed in in dustry this year, she reported. Other factors of delinquency. Miss Lenroot asserted, are lack of school facilities in war-expanded commu nities, and the increase in child la bor to five million this year. "There would be little juvenile de linquency today if children were treated as as much of an emergency as armament production," Miss Lenroot concluded. LEND-LEASE: British Aid Up to last June 30. British lend lease assistance to the U. S. totaled 871 million dollars, of which the ma jor share consisted in supplying base facilities, barracks and hos pitals for American land and air forces in the United Kingdom. In complete figures indicated assist ance to date has topped one billion dollars. Not included in the accounting, the British said, was the cost of food furnished on the fighting fronti where no adequate records could be kept, and the value of information and experience gained in battle and relayed to the U. S. army and in dustry. * the British assistance does not In clude lend-lease granted the U. S. by Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and India, who operate under separate agreements. On August 29, President Roosevelt reported U. S. lend-lease assistance to Britain alone totaled neirly 4H billion dol lars. - Who's News This Week By Deloi Wheeler Lovelace Consolidated Features.?WNU Release. MEW YORK.?As chairman of 1 ' Foods for Freedom, Elizabeth Reeve Cutler Morrow may look back to the days when she and her hus .. ,, band went Mrs. Morrow Hat to house Always Budgeted keeping. Time and Money Th ought must have been given to the grocery money then. They had turned down a $70 a month house in Plainfield, N. J., in tavor of one at $60 in Englewood. rhey went without a telephone, since the budget did not allow one. (That was before Dwight W. Mor row rose to be a Morgan partner and United States ambassador to Mexico.) When Mrs. Morrow's four children were small she never failed to find time for a half hour of reading at supper. The sen sitive ears of one of her daugh ters took in the rhythm of poetry and gave it out later in memorable prose. Earlier, as a student at Smith, Mrs. Morrow edited the College Monthly. As a graduate student at the Sorbonne and as a young teach er, she wrote stories and poems. After her marriage she produced five books, including The Painted ) Pig. (Three publishers rejected this successful tale of life down in Old Mexico.) Meanwhile, Mrs. Morrow gar dened. She acted as president of Smith for a year, and still serves as trustee. And now, be sides concerning herself with food, she aids the National War Fund drive and urges a woman at the peace table. Her husband must have trusted her budgeting. He left her the bulk of his estate. Erect, petite, calm, with a smile like Daughter Anne's, Bhe was bom in Cleveland, Ohio, 70 years ago. ? CECOND FRONT TALK comes to ^ the surface in the wake of the Kremlin banquet, and so brings closer the biggest job in the ram ii/'ii v it- ? bunctious Will Tomb Fir$t career of Grenade at Nazi* young Maj. If Invasion Comee Gen. Robert Laycock.He has just moved into the post of Brit ain's chief commando, recently va cated by Lord Louis Mountbatten, and will lead his commandos in the attack on the Nazis' channel de fenses if and when an invasion is ordered. Laycock, after surviving the attack on Salerno, the invasion of Sicily, the evacuation of Crete and an attempt in 1941 to kidnap Germany's Rommel, is now nicknamed Lucky. He is Brit ain's youngest major general, long and strong with a hard, close-cropped head, a small tight mouth and eyes that in an ger remind observers who knew their Kipling well of Rikki-tikki Tavi. Very likely Laycock knows Kip ling, too, and has discovered that if one reads "Adolf Hitler" for "Danny Deever" that notable hang ing swings along just as smoothly. He relishes poetry, the sage sayings of Socrates and Plato, and is a mid dling amateur barber to boot. In the held, when no professional is handy he cheerfully cuts his brother of ficers' overgrown hair. Fortyish, he is married to a trim, handsome brunette, the former Angela Dudley Ward, who would, so London news papers say, herself make a good commando leader. They have three children. ? rVER since the Moscow confer ence, reporters have been talk ing their heads off about the con trast Cordell Hull and Russia's su CoriM Hull Ha. {?, ?? Pulled Himielf Up made.There By Hi. Bootttrap. definitely is j. one similar- 1 ity. Hull was born in a log cabin, actually. That starts him at least even with Stalin. But whereas Stalin still looks the part, Hull has for years looked like a man to the manor born. When ha eemes lata the shah by conference room of the shab by statb department baikMog to (see Wasfjhiglna correspondents ha eeelda't be more eosarad If he were backed ap by ? dnes gearratioes af arms-bearing an cestors. He looks lfite the de scendant of such, too. At n, be is stiil one of the handsomest men at either sad of Pennsyl vania avenae. That Picture on the Calendar on Your Wall Is the Most Widely Known?Also the Most Profitable?Form of Art' in America Today By ELMO SCOTT WATSON Released by Western Newspaper Union. YOU gaze upon one there on the walls of your home or your office everg day and you enjoy looking at it. Chances are that you never give a second thought to that picture on the calendar any more than you do to any other familiar object in your daily life. But the truth is that when you look at a calen dar picture you're looking at the most widely-known and most popular form of "art" in Ameri ca today. For "calendar art" is truly the "art of the people" and it is seen and enjoyed every year by more people than have seen or enjoyed the combined output of all the "Great Masters" in his tory. Moreover, it's the most profitable form of art because the art-calendar business is es timated at $20,000,000 annually and that has been going on for a number of years. Who selects these pictures that adorn our calendars? (Certainly, not the grocer or hardware merchant, or insurance agent, or some other business man or institution which provides us with a new calendar at the beginning of every year.) How do they know what subjects will be appealing and draw the eye to the picture (and incidentally to the ad vertising message that's usually just >elow it)? Well, the answer to those, and many other interesting questions which suggest themselves when you begin investigating the subject of calendar art, can best be answered if you pay a visit to one of the "Big Six" art calendar companies? Brown and Blgelow of St. Paul, Minn., the Osborne company of Clif ton, N. J.; the Shaw-Barton com pany of Coshocton, Ohio; the Thom as D. Murphy company of Red Oak, Iowa; the Gerlach-Barklow company of Joliet, 111., and the Kemper Thomas company of Cincinnati, Ohio. Talk to the officials of one of these companies?Brown and Bigelow, the Boy meet* firl (in an automobile) was a favorite calendar art theme around 1912. biggest of the "Big Six," for in stance?and you'll learn that they have experts whose business it is to "keep their ears to the ground" and find out what kind of picture Mr. and Mrs. America like best on their calendars. They get that kind of picture from American artists who are Outstand ing in the field of illustration?from Maxfleld Parrish, Norman Rockwell, Lawson Wood, Rolf Armstrong, An *ton Otto Fischer, Frank Hoffman, N. C. Wyeth and Maud Tousey Fan gel?and a few months later the art calendar company's giant presses are turning out full-color or black and-white reproductions of their paintings to adorn calendars which will hang in millions of homes and offices throughout the United States. Since our fighting men have been serving overseas, we've been hear ing a lot about "pin-up" girls?Betty Grable, Rita Hayworth, Dorothy La mour and other Hollywood celebri ties. Are any of these the favorite "pinup girls" of civilian Amer ica as well as military America? The answer is "They are NOT I" The favorite "pinup girls" in the American home are five little girls who live un la Canada the famous Dionne Quintuplets. Horeover, they've held that honor for the last nine years and it's doubtful if any Hollywood star or curvaceous Pow ers model will ever displace them since it seems thatUhe plain people of America have, both figuratively and literally, pinned their devotion to Annette, Cecile, Yvonne, Emilie and Marie Dionne, whose childish charms have been displayed the length and breadth of this land in paintings by Artist Andrew Loomis on Brown and Bigelow calendars. By actual count calendars bearing the picture of the Quints have sold into the tens of millions! Whit is true of this picture is true to almost as great an extent of pic tures produced by other artists men tioned above. For they have pro duced pictures in every field?land scapes, portraits, "leg art" and nudes, also some of the best known sporting pictures in the world. Un doubtedly the average American knows the baby pictures of Maud Towsey Fangel better than the "Boy With the Fife" of Manet, and the Norman Rockwell "Boy Scout" bet ter than the "Blue Boy" of Gains boro. He has become better acquaint ed with the landscapes of Max field Parrish, and feels closer to his famous blues and purples than to the landscapes of Turner and Corot. And from daily glances in his of fice and on his living room walls, the average American who hunts and fishes (and there are IS million I more of him) has come to know and love pictures like Frank Hoffman's "At Bay," one of the outstanding calendar pictures in the Brown and Bigelow catalogue, better -than any of Rosa Bonheur's masterpieces. No, the average American may not be tremendously art-conscious, but he likes pictures and knows what he likes. Moreover, you'll find what he likes hanging in his office, home, garage, work room, and places of recreation. And he can hardly wait till his bank, grocery, gas, or tire company, or other concern with whom he does business, or doesn't, sends him a calendar with his favorite artist's j)icture on It. Whether it's a nude or revealing bit of anatomy by Rolf Armstrong or Zoe Mozert, or a more artistic landscape by Maxfield Par rish, a tragi-comic situation painted in his inimitable fashion by Norman Rockwell, or a hunting scene by Frank Hoffman, each of these art ists has his fans, and as soon as the calendar is brought in by the post man, it is unwrapped, and the plain American or his Missus hangs it up at the time-honored spot on the wall. The subjects they like run from the Dionne Quintuplets to historical scenes such as Columbus Discover ing America or Washington Cross ing the Delaware. If you think the present "pin-up" craze is big, re member back to the days when practically every- American home either hung "September Morn" on the wall, or fought bitterly about the propriety and even morality of hav ing it there. But the favorite subject, accord ing to a Brown and Bigelow sur vey, has always been the landscape. The scene must be a homely, com fortable and comforting one not the noisy, over-colored, flashy, modern art However, the outstand ing favorite of the average Amer ican, a favorite that has held its leadership for nine years, are the calendars picturing the Quints. An drew Loomis' drawings of Canada's chief peacetime industry have aoid, into the millions each year; 2% mil lion at their peak, in 1936, and never less than a million a year. Girl calendars, nudes, leggy pic tures, what is known to the news paper man as "cheesecake," are next in popularity. Men like nudes best, and steel companies and tire companies send these to their men customers, garagemen, contractors, mechanics, etc. But a close runner up is the plain picture of a whole some American girl, the clean-cut type of young girl of about 17. These are favorites with storekeepers, small town banks, beauty parlors, etc. A more sophisticated type is chosen by city shops, florists, mil liners, and laundry and dry cleaning places. Besides the Quints, who are the essence of human interest, the hu man interest scenes go biggest in the average home?pictures like Nor man Rockwell's, and the etchings of a boy and his dog. Religious pic tures, which had waned somewhat in popularity, have spurted recently, undoubtedly due to the war. And the subject that is always sure of its popularity is the outdoor scene Even the busiest of executives like them hanging in the office because it gives them a chance to relax for a moment by imagining themselves in the wide open spaces. Back in the decade from 1920 to 1930, the mother and child theme in calendar art was a popular one but , it has fallen off somewhat in the last 10 years. Just why, no one knows. Calendar makers will tell you that the idea is "fundamentally sound" and the only explanation they have is that no artist recently has drawn a mother-child picture with exactly the right idea and technique. Simi larly, ship pictures?especially the ***-? na.'Taw? This batMat beauty was eoasid ?red a very snappy number (or cal endars back In 1904. sailing ship scudding along in a stiff breeze?have declined in popularity. However, as the American navy wins more and more victories, it is probable that pictures at warships will appear more frequently. But whether they choose the Quints, landscapes, human interest, or girl art, the American public is "pin-up" minded.- It has been long before the war, and will ba as long as, about this time of the year. tba postman around with a cv endar and its picture the" Amer ican's favorite artist/^. . . | This is one of Andrew Loomis' paintings at the Diane Qnlalnple t? which, appearing on a Brown and Bigelow calendar, hare made then America's favorite "pin-op girts" for the last nine years.
The Alamance Gleaner (Graham, N.C.)
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Nov. 25, 1943, edition 1
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