Newspapers / The Robesonian (Lumberton, N.C.) / April 7, 1913, edition 1 / Page 2
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V THES SE1YUAVEEKLY ROBCbUNlAN 1 ' HISTORICAL SKETCH OF IN DIANS OF ROBESON, COUNTY By A. W. McLean. The following interesting histori cal sketch of , the Indians of Robeson county was prepared by Mr. A. W. McLean of Lumberton and printed as part of the recent hearing, before the Committee ort Indian Affairs of the House of Congress on the bill in troduced in the United States, Sen ate by Senator Simmons to appro priate $50,000 to purchase a site and erect buildings for a school at or near Pembroke for the Indians of Robeson county and to provide $10,000' for the maintenance of tho school. It will be recalled by Robesonian read ers that a committee of Indians from Robeson went to Washington wh3n this hearing before the committee was held and that Smator Simmons, Congressman Godwin and Mr. A. W. McLean appeared before the commit tee with the Indians in the interest of this bill. Besides his remarks be fore the committee, Mr. McLean ob tained permission to print as a part of the hearing the following historical sketch, which will be found to be exceedingly interesting reading to any who are interested in the Indians of Robeson county. Their name has been chanced since this sketch was writ ten to "Cherokee Indians." Editor's lard. Richard Bullard and Stephen Note. (Cumboe were in the companies of (Continued from Thursday's paper. ) J milHtia detached from the Robeson The war breaking out again, South regiments for service in" that 'waft Carolina sent another force under , gee Muster Rolls Troops of 1812, Col. James Moore, 33 white and LOOO state Library at Raleigh.) Indians. Cel. Moore pursued the j rjp until 1835 these Indians were same route to the Peedee, and then entitled to vote and some of them turned to the northeast and crossed owned slaves. A number of them ap the Cape Fear at the junction of the pear as heads of families in the Uni Haw and Deep, and then went to Tor- ted States census of 1790. hunte. He arrived December 1, 1712. J After 1835 these people could not His brother, Maj. Morris Moore, ; vote nor were they prior to quickly followed him with another , tne civil War admitted, to the public large force of Indians. His route lay ! schools when they were established, still farther west by Trading Ford j in 1867 they were allowed) to, (near Salisbury), and after crossing vote unjei. tne reconstruction acts, the 'TJeep cprae eastby Oconeechee, i and umjer the constitution adopted in w'hes Hillsboro is arid- eastward to jgcg, aruj were entitled to attend the Torhunte. 'Aw-these routes were In-j nero schools, but not the schools for dian trails. It is to -bs r.otcd that ' the whites". But they refused abso- I nfFmaA ao nav trt htm Mftrtli fParnlin troopers slaves -taken;-, from J South Carolina Loyalist. " So many f his slaves were thus taken and held by his North Carolina troopers " that after the war the question of their return became a matter of State leg islation. . " . ,f - After the war, feeling against the local Tories ran so high' they were discriminated against and severe tests of loyalty were applied. There seems to have been no feeling against these Indians, for although not white ' they were allowed to vote, aa "freemen,1 without any change being made in the law to include them, although only whites had earlier been allowed to vote. They voted until 1835,' when the Constitution was changed by the insertion of the word "whit""'" Had they been of the Tory element probably they would not have been al lowed the right of suffrage, because the feeling against the Tories was very bitter, especially in that region where they lived. During the war of 1812 they were enrolled in the . militia; and among others Charles Oxendine, Thomas Locklier, John Drinkwater, Hugh Locklear, William Bullard, Elias Bui- Grow 1 IV2 Bales Cotton 1 Where Only une to one-ana-a-nau ana even two Dates of cotton; or 60 to 90 bushels of corn per acre, require iittle-xaore labor than Bmaller yields- 1 bimply use liberally, the right, fertilizer or plant, food to the . acreage you plant, and cultivate the crop more thoroughly and of tener. You cannot be too careful in selecting fertilizers and seeds. , , . f.Your soil deserves, the best plant foods which are' 7,-. :":'i i,r- :lxs -High-Grade " ' "j -,:t 1 Fertilizers Jf'i'TO Til Jiff They are 'made to give Available Phosphdrip Acid, Ammonia ' bf '; Nitrogen, and Potash in the right combination for greatest yields.' -j These fertilizers produce big crops of COTTON, CORN. RICE,'" TOBACCO,' FRUITS, PEANUTS and TRUCK. ' ' ' - - - " (1rgln.apD Virginia-Carolina Chemical Co. , - Box 1117 " RICHMOND " - VIRGiaA 1A - East wekinore" t han one ;huh- v rdred mei womeri " and children ijoinedfour xarasiMAS sAvrnGsGtifB ' This Week raan m6re will jm SBe; one vi - of the number and have moneyfor Christ-' f ,t mas.r resents., , You may join ; any time. - One Cent starts jooi oIwo'ttififaTli', ' . 7 you.. ; me tents starts you. " fvrt cll- :..3- ,'' 7. '' ' . TlieBaioM iimhfipf,nn Barnwell alone passed through what is now Robeson county, and as until recently there was never any publi cation of his route, it may be affirm ed that the tradition stated is remark able and noteworthy. Although many other Indians from South Carolina accompanied Col . James Moore to the Albemarle the following winter, and a few weeks later still others accompanied Col. Maurice Moore, these expeditions did not pass tnrougn tne KODeson region, and the local traditions are connected only with Barnwell . It is safe to say that these people could have known nothing of these matters except from actual tradition. In 1756 a similar force of Indians from South Carolina accompanied Col, Hugh Waddell in his expedition north for the relief of the more northern colonies in the French and Indian War. While there is no particular record of the fact yet as small num bers of Indians from almost every settlement composed this force, doubt less some belonged to these tribes that finally made up the population in Robson county Gregg says that most these smaller tribes eventually united with the Catawbas, and about 1743 the language of the, Catawbas is said to have consisted of twenty different dialects. The remaining Indians, in the course of settlement, passed from view, although "brief allusions are found in our early period to the sev eral tribes in the acts of the assem bly passed for the regulaton and sup port of the Indian trade." As the Indian element in the pres ent population of Robeson county is certainly derived from the former In dians of that region, these people are entitled to share in any feeling of appreciation we may have of the general conduct of all these friend ly tribes during the period of settle ment and in colonial times. During the Revolution some of these Indians served in the Continen tal ranks, as well as in the more local organizations raised by the State of North Carolina. The territory embraced in Robeson county was , much divided in senti ment and toward close of the Revo olution it, was the scene of murderous civil warfare of unparralled atrocity. The tradition of these people that some of their leaders fought on the side of the Colonies, seems to be cor roborated by certain circumstances. Ciles Leitch says that during the Revolution some of these families acquired a considerable number of slaves. Had they acquired them from the North Carolinians these slaves turn of peace. Such slaves as the British captured they sent either to Florida or Nova Scotia. It is there fore probable that these slaves held by these Robeson county Indians were acquired from South Carolina. Marion raised his celebratelfndTargeTyn that part of North Carolina, and as an inducement for serving with him he !ile Cured la 6 to 14 Dsys "Tbb" WriiggTif will iv!mi'l-'mirrtFrttTAt(S OINTMENT faiU to cure any case of Itching, Blind, Iileedinc or Protruding Pilc in to 11 dart. The &rt application, girea Eue and Rett. 60c, itely to attend the negro schools, And thus were dbliarred from school priv ileges. .A Attention was drawn to4heir pe culiar social status, and as they w'er' undoubtedly of Indian extraction Hon. Hamilton McMillan, who inquired into their history reached the conclusion thatthey were descended from the In dians on Coatan Sound and derived their white blood from the lost colony of 1587. This idea was based on their partly civilized condition when first observed by the early settlers of that region about 1730. Under that im pression, the legislature of 1885 pro vided separate common schools for them under the name of the "Croatan Indians." The word "Croatan" is not a generic or tribal name, but was pure ly local, and this appelation was given to these Indians in the aft of the Legislature in 1885 at the instance of Hon. Hamilton McMillan. The name having been suggested by the word "Croatan" which was found on a tree after the disappearance of Gov. John White's lost colony. In 1911 the Leg islature changed the name to "Indians of Robeson County." But whatever the origin of the In dians of this community was, it is cer tain that from the first settlement they have been separated from the other inhabitants of that region, and are of Indian descent, with Indian characteristics, with complexion, fea tures and hair of the Indian race, and are now borne on the census rolls as Indians. Need of Better School Facilities. While they have the ordinary com mon schools and a small normal school, they cannot attend the high institutions provided on the one hand for the whites and on the other hand for the negroes, their educational facilities are limited . It is very desirable therefore that additional educational facilities should be afforded them, especially in the way of higher academic and indus trial education. It appears that they have a capac ity for agriculture and the mechanic arts, and readily become skilled in them when trained. A mechanical and industrial school would be of great benefit to them. In like manner the training of the girls in domestic arts and economics would be of great benefit. These people never had a reserva tion set apart for them as the tawbas had, hot far to the west of them. The bill under consideration which has passed the Senate, provided for an appropriation of $50,000 to erect buildings for a school for these In dians at or near Pembroke, in Robe son county. . According to the census of 1910 the number of these Indians in Robeson county was 5,895. There are also i about 1C90 to 2000 in adjoining cou?- es in North and South Carolina, making a settlement in all of about 8,000 persons. In 1909 there were en- schools provided by the State , 1,954 of these Indian children. The average length of 'the Term of theijx school district;, was 82 days. The' only pchool ; facilities enjoyed by them other than the ordinary , common school above mentioned fs a normal 'school for the training of teachers, provided for by' the State at an annual cost' of $2,250.-'"Under the laws of North Carolina which pro-" vides for an absolute separation of the races," they are not entitled to at tend the university for men, the State Normal and Industrial College for women, or . the Agricultural and Me- J chanical College for either the white cf1 negro races. They are. therefore j entirely without the facilities for. in dustrial or higher academic education.. Tlwre has always been a . feeling : ' lv... l ' jr it ! i I among mese people ana ineir wnne n ?ghbors that tTrtr Federal Govern ment should make some provision 'for them, for the reason that thoy crn:nent does expend large sums of money every year in providing schools for c'her nonreserration Indiana in j oil sections of the country. The pi es-; ent Indian appropriation bill provides for more than a million dollars, for To Cure a Cold in One Day Take LAXATIVE BROMO Quinine. It atopa the Cough and Headache and work off the Cold. Druggists refund money if it fails to cure. E. W- GROVII'S sisnaturs on each box. 25c I this purpose, some of the Drovisions in 1hai bill being as follows: .;i"For support and ..education of;,three hundred and seventy-five, Indian, pu pils at the Indian school at,GenoaIe braska, and for the pay, of superinten dent, $62,300; for genera repairs and improvements $4,500; in all $66,800. "For 'support arid' education "of one hundred and eighty" Indian' pupils- at t Indian school at Cheikee North Carolina, and for the pay of superin tendent, $30,000, for general' repairs and improvements, $6,000; in all, $36!,- ooo. -; ,,,r,! . j...-;.. ; ;' For support and, education, of one hundred .Indian pupils , at, the Indian school, Bismarck, North Dakota, and for payment of superintendent, $18, 200; for general repairs and improve ments, $2,000; in all, $20,200. ,,, 7 For support and education of In dian, pupils at the Indian school at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and for the payment of 'superintendent $132,000; for general repairs and improvements, $20,000; n all, $152,000 1 " 1 f "For support' and education of one hundred and seventy-five-Indian pu pils at the Indian school at - Pierre, ( Continued on page seven. ) ; : ? $ Curat flll Sorei,. Otter RiiKIti Wn't CM The worst cases, no matter 'of bow long Standing, re cured by the wonderful, old reliable Dr. Porter's Antiseptic Healing Oil. ' It relierei Paiu and Heals at the same time. 2Sc, Mc, M, 3 o in BUGGIES Six solid car loads in stock Many Different Makes. Any shape or color you like Every one Guaranteed Get our prices ......... C. M. Fuller & Son. Lumberton, N. C. EAR ME - ' ' ' "i i,: : .... ', " -.i i ..' - , . lW : .. .... .... . , :. -i' . i .. I ' : -1 ." ' I I I ' ' ;-.:!.-.;. ; ' ' 'I ! 1 :r.-i -r; ' ' '-' -' - . ; it ,i.-j , -' An ' ... .r.f" : - ' .1. .'- ' ' ,-' " j ( D E'A.LE.R.SV. Above, is a plclure our i ew ett re at the fmt of Chestnut Street, whtre we will be lad to have you cll orvud' ard see how well we; a'e prefjRtd to tandlei jtor lusirss. Write . for our ; prices ard mail us your orders, : sr,v. i i ; j W. MURCWiSO &CO.t f Wholesale Hardwarenf I o ;v Wilmington, N. C. Thompson ' - For the treatment of medical and v surgical cases, j Competent corps of trained nurses, steam heated " build ing.with electric lights hot bath, etc In fact, everything that is requir ed to equip a modern hospital. DR. N. A. THOMPSON, Supt. BSSS3 rolled in the ordinary common free For Weakness and Lost of Appetite V$Slt&&!t wal.atrengthenlng tonic, CKOVE'STASTELESSchUlTOOTC.drrWsout Malaria and builds up the system. A true tonio and sure Appetizer. For adults and children. Me. A Philosopher Has Said that He who knew was in himself Divine, and we have found out this from experience" That he who knows knows Huyler's. We have also.; been impressed with class of folks who buy Huylers. They are refined ( , in taste, looks and manner. They are the most fastidious, the hard , est to please. They chooseHUYLER'S because of its superior - qual-' ; ,ity, its difference in; flavor and because, it -is made better,-'NOT JUST AS GOOD. Sold by-Tf" 'r ':-Lui L. LUMBERTON DRUG CO. The Store That Does Things for You. Never Too Busy to Oblige. " PRESCRIPTIONS A SPECIALTY. t Buggies, Wagons, Carriages and Harness VALUE OUR MOTTO Not hot air We have the best for the least money. . Our stock is complete. New styles, all guaranteed. Call and see us. W. I . LIN , Home of the Hackney Buggy and Wagon. Sifflrnirc crsuraus THE SEVENTH SERIES OF STOCK . in the ., '.. , '. Robeson Building and Loan Assoaaon ; is now being sold. Have you bought yours? Take stock now and own your own home , when you are old and no longer able to pay rent ' ' : - '"'" '".r' ' ' U r-- . , ... . ' ' a . i-i" , '--. i- .: . Any information about the Building and V Loan plan cheerfully furnished. ! , , ;;X .-!.;;: Tours to serve, r.'-'-r-'r.. fevBROWN; SeSTreasr &S3 SubscribeieRob -
The Robesonian (Lumberton, N.C.)
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April 7, 1913, edition 1
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