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WEATHER North Carolina: Partly cloudy, hot and humid today, tonight and Tuesday; scattered thundershow ers today Tshk syswa Hang Hksus CLEVELAND COUNTY’S NEWSPAPER SINCE 1894 TELEPHONES 1100 - State Theatre Today - “MURDER, HE SAYS” Starring FRED MacMURRAY VOL XLIII—176 ASSOCIATED PRESS NEWS SHELBY. N. C. TUESDAY, JULY 24, 1945 TELEMAT PICTURES SINGLE COPIES—6c CHINESE ENTER RECAPTl RED LIl'CHOW—Chinese troops enter the recaptured city of Liuchow, burned out by the retreating Japanese. Liuchow was the sight of an American air base. (AP Wirephoto from Signal Corp.) Success Of Charter Depends On Peoples Barkley Criticizes Cynics Who Hurt Peace Chances By Predicting Failure WASHINGTON, July 24.—(/P)—Criticizing "cynics” who predict there always will be war, Democratic Leader Bark lev (Ky). told the senate today the United Nations organi zation will succeed “if the peoples of the world will that it; DECLARATIONS ’ MUST BE LEGAL Cool Distributing Officials Issue Warnings On Scarcity Difficulties of con! dealers In co operating with a government coal rationing plan have been increas ed by some consumers illegally, even if unknowingly, filing consu mer declarations this year with more than one dealer when last year they bought only from one yard. The situation is causing concern among officials of the Solid Fuel administration who have warned that violators of the federal law face 10 years in jail or a $10,000 fine. Consumers, If they bought from two dealers last year, may file de clarations of their coal needs with the same two dealers this year. If they bought from one dealer, they may legally file only with that deader. Confusions have arisen because some consumers, have fil ed with dealers from whom they bought no * coal last year. Any consumer who has filed illegally should immediately withdraw any Illegal declaration, says SFA offi £ cials. Consumers are being ad r vised that it will be wise to take any type of coal they are offered because the supply situation pro mises to become tighter before winter. TINIAN BIGGEST OF B-29BASES TINIAN, July 24—</P)—1This Ma riana island has been built into the largest of all B-29 bases since American marines and soldiers swarmed ashore a year ago today to take it from the Japanese in nine days of stiff fighting. The 32-square-mile island has two fields from which the Super forts strike at Japan, both develop ed from former Nipponese fighter strips; a harbor capable of accom modating large ships; 38 miles of asphalt highway; hospitals with a total of about 1,200 beds and count less shops, warehouses and other buildings. So many Superforts are based on the island that they give it the appearance of a vast aircraft car rier, on whose coral "decks” are laid out miles of runways, taxi ways and buildings. Two B-29 wings of the 20t.h air force operate from Tinian. Others operate from nearby Saipan and from Guam, the largest of the Ma rianas. Guam is headquarters of the 20th air force and Pacific fleet advanced headquarters. Tinian is a concentrated B-29 base. shall. Barkley began the second day of | debate on the United Nations char ter as informal checkups by both Democratic and Republican leaders failed to disclose a slpgle opposition vote against the charter except that of Senator Hiram John (R-Callf.) Johnson Is 111 In the naval hospi tal and may not be present if a rati fication vote comes this week as ex pected. Tracing the long history of attempts to establishing lasting peace, Barkley voiced belief that “the effort is worth renewing.” He preferred. ■ said, philoso phy of Worn w Wilson and others like him to “that of the | congregation of cynics who sit, as they have always sat, in the seats of the scornful and unbe- I lieving.” Senator Hill of Alabama, the J Democratic whip, said In an address prepared for delivery during the day that the United States must glfe full cooperation to the efforts to pre serve peace or face possible destruc tion. By ratification of the charter. Hill said, “the United States will lose no American rights, surrender no sov ereignty and Invite no interference or meddling with American domes tic affairs.” Barring unforseen developments, a vote may be reached In the next few days. WHAT’S DOING TODAY 7:00 p.m.—CAP cadets meet at armory. 8:00 p.m. — Eastern Star meets at Masonic Temple. WEDNESDAY 7:45 p.m.—Prayer meeting at Presbyterian church. 8:00 p.m.—Mid-week prayer and praise uervice at First Baptist church. 8:00 p.m—Baseball game, Shelby and Charlotte, at high school park. BOYS FREED IN TRUCK THEFT Enter Nolo Contendere Plea; Admission Made Under Threat Kenneth and Roy Keeter, broth ers, of Rutherford county, who en- i tered a plea of nolo contendere to stealing a truck, were allowed to | go back home this morning in the | custody erf their father after he had promised to keep the younger of the two, Just over 16, in school. Judge Allen Gwyn, presiding over Superior court hare, passed J\jdg mnrrtr' He severely reprimanded the father for taking the older boy, just over 17 years, out of school after he had completed the fifth grade. ‘‘I had to have him help me work,” said the father. "No you didn’t," replied Judge Gwyn. “The state of North Car olina had provided a school for these boys and that is where they should have been." The tide was turned in favor of the lads being given their free dom when Judge Gwyn learned that an officer had threatened to slap one of them if he did not tell the truth. ADMITS THREAT Deputy Sheriff W. C. Powell, when asked on the stand if he had slapped the boys or threaten ed to slap them, declared that he never touched the boys but that he might have told them he would slap them if they did did not tell the truth. "I wouldn’t for a minute impugn the motives of Officer Powell,” declared Judge Gwyn. "I know that he is a good officer. He Has been in my court before. But of ficers make mistakes.” "The North Carolina law says See BOYS Page 2 Star Will Give Game Reports Inning-by-inning reports 6t the Charlotte-Shelby baseball game at Charlotte, second in t#i* three-out-of-five series for the western championship, will be given by The Star to night starting shortly after 8 pun. A scoreboard with the re ports will be provided in front of the building, while tele phone reports will be given any caring to call 1100. Senators Would Substitute Research For Conscription WASHINGTON, July 24 —</P)— Evidence mounted today that peacetime conscription legislation will run into congressional con tentions that it Is unnecessary if the nation develops a front-rank research program. This was the theme two sena tors took in Introducing a bill yes terday to establish a national sci ence foundation to foster research activities. "Research is the key to military success,” Senator Kilgore (D-W Va) told a reporter. "Another war will be won in the laboratory, not on the drill field,” said Senator Johnson (D-Colo.) Both are members of a military subcommittee and joined with Senator Pepper (D-Fla) in offer ing the legislatioh to increase fed eral support for research in war weapons, medicine and the basic sciences. Several similar measures have been introduced recently. GERMAN SUCCESS Kilgore, chairman of the sub committee, cited the speed with which Germany overran France in answering whether he believed the United States would need compul sory military training in peacetime if it had an adequate postwar re search program. After the last war, he said, Ger many was barred from having a big army and concentrated on re search, while France required all her youths to take at least a year of military training but neglected research. Johnson said scientific research is “much more important” to pre paredness than the universal train ing urged by high army and navy leaders at recent hearings by the special house committee on post war military policy. Jap Envoy To Berlin Will Urge Surrender SALZBURG, Austria, July 24. —(/P)—U. S. infantrymen guard ing 100 Japanese diplomatic per sonnel today quoted their prison ers as saying that they under stood Lt. Gen. Hiroshi Oshima, Japanese ambassador to Berlin, would urge his government to comply immediately with the al- i lied demand for unconditional surrender. The American soldiers were able to have frequent talks with the Japanese, who were taken into custody early in May by the U. S. third infantry division. The Japanese were scheduled to leave Austria by plane today for Le Havre, where they will board a vessel for the United f States Thursday. Although no more American diplomatic personnel remains in Japanese hands, it was beliefed that the U. S. state department might be attempting to exchange Oshima and others for Lt. Gen. Jonathan M. Wainwright and other high ranking Americans held by the Japanese. PROBE PEACE FEELER STORIES State Department Insists No Genuine Peace Bids Received WASHINGTON, July 24 —<JP\— Senator Wherry (R-Neb) sought today to steer the senate into a discussion of whether this country has received any genuine peace feelers from Japan. Wherry told a reporter he plans to ask anew whether the State department has received any of lew> and to call attention of his colleagues to a compilation of pur ported feelers he said had been made by "a high military source” and forwarded to President Tru man at Potsdam. Wherry said he had been hand ed by this ‘‘high military source” a communication addressed to Mr. Truman and carrying suggestions of possible peace terms. These include retention of the emperor and avoidance of military occupa tion of Japan proper. REPORT DENTED The Nebraska senator said these terms were based on feelers re portedly received, but he added he did not know who had written the message to the President. The State department has in sisted it has received nothing in the way of a genuine peace offer from Japan. “We’re talking of peace here in connection with the United Na tions charter,” Wherry said. “I want to know why we can’t lay down some peace terms under which Japan can surrender. I think that if the President did that, we might get a surrender on our own terms that would end this war.” Wherry said it was his under standing that the “high military source,” whom he declined to i dentify further, believed the terms stated in the communication to Mr. Truman might be acceptable. SEECTEES GO FOR INDUCTION Lee Roy Bumgardner was nam ed leader of the group of the 32 selectees who left here this morn ing for Port Bragg to report for final induction into the armed services. These men took their pre induction examinations some time ago. Those who left were: Fred Irvin Mills Sam Monroe Greene, Jr. Oscar Carter, Jr. James Marion Shook John Sipe William Hoyle Potter Elvin Ray Seism Cicero Alfred Morrison Ralph George Towery Hazel Lee Davis James Randall Gibson Willard Reece Brittain David Smith, jr. Dorman Joseph Meade Lee Roy Bumgardner John Everette Greene Bynum Jethro Parker Robert Lee Leonhardt, jr, Arlis Thomas Tate Robert William Grigg Hugh Lee Gantt Robert Preston Simpson James Thaddeus Barber Howard Lee Warren David William Johnson Ray Swrink James Horace Gettys Robert Johnson, jr. Richard Franklin Willis Delmer Verle Sprouse Reynaud Gives Damning Testimony Against Petain In Latter’s Trial By LOUIS NEVIN PARIS, July 24.— (/P) —Former Premier Paul Reynaud testified at the trial of Marshal Petain today that a union of France and Great Britain was “an ideal which some day must be realized.’’ The dapper little politician, who said yesterday he despised the old marshal, described the proposal of Prime Minister Churchill when France was collapsing in 1940 for a union. Petain, on trial for his life on ac cusations of intelligence with the enemy and plotting against the se curity of France, strode into the Palace of Justice courtroom 20 min utes late on this second day of the hearing. He was clad in his marshal's uniform: his face appeared fresh and expressionless. Reynaud said that after he succeeded Edouard Daladier as premier June 16, 1940. he did not oppose a “cease fire” order but was firmly against demands for an armistice. He repeated that he wished to transfer the govern ment to French Africa and con tinue the war from there and was opposed by Petain and Gen. Maxine YVeygand, commander in chief of the reeling French forces. Reynaud testified that at a cab inet meeting on the day he formed his government, Petain read a let ter threatening to resign as vice premier if an armistice were not ac cepted. BRITISH PROJECT “The next day I received the great British project for union between our two people.'’ Reynaud said. He added that Camille Chautemps, former premier and a member of the Reynaud cabinet, opposed the plan, saying he did not want to see France become a British dominion. He tes tified further that Chautemps de clared it was impossible for the gov ernment to leave France without first getting terms of the armistice. "I was then left with no choice but to resign, for I was in the mi nority,” he said. “That night I ex plained the situation to the cabinet and President Albert Lebrun asked me to enforce the policy of the ma jority. I replied ‘I will never apply it' for if the majority opinion of the cabinet prevailed, France was lost." Reynaud said President Roosevelt sent Petain an “extremely strong” message warning the marshal that he risked losing the friendship of the United States government and peo ple because of the terms of the ar mistice Petain accepted from Ger many. FRENCH FLEET He testified that while the armis tice was being discussed he argued with Petain and Adm. Jean Darlan over the French fleet. Asked if the warships would be given to the Germans, Reynaud said Darlan re plied: “I would sooner put it out to sea.” Later at Bordeaux, Reynaud quot See REYNAUD Page 2 CHINESE BLOCK JAP ROUTES Shell Enemy-Held Village 15 Miles North Of Kweilin CHUNGKING, July 24 —<JP)— Chinese troops, posing another threat to Japanese communica tions between Kwangsi and Hu nan Provinces, are bombarding a village three miles northwest of Lingchwan, 15 miles -norai bf Kwei lin, the Chinese high command announced. , The route is already obstructed by a roadblock ^which the^Chmese Kweilin, former U. S. 14th air force base city which lies in the path of several Chinese columns, Meanwhile, the high command said, other Chinese units tore up a stretch of railroad five miles northeast of Lingchwan, destroy ed eight boxcars and took eight Japanese prisoners. The high command indicated that the Japanese were concerned over the vulnerability of their Hongking-Hankow corridor and were taking steps to strengthen it. 35 MILE DRIVE Between 500 and 600 Japanese troops drove from a point 19 miles east of Changsha, 265 miles of Kweilin, to the western outskirts of Liuyang, 35 miles east of Chang sha. The invaders were intercept ed by the Chinese, swung to the southeast of Liuyang and suffered numerous casualties when the Chinese attacked the enemy flanks, the war bulletin declared. The high command said Japa nese forces who had abandoned the former American air base at Kanhsien, nearly 300 miles east northeast of Kweilin, and then struck northeast toward the Japa nese bastion at Nanchang, south of the Yangtze port of Kiukiang, had made some progress in their fighting withdrawal. On July 18 the enemy captured Wanan, on the Kan irver 45 miles north of Kanhsien, and struck along the river in the general di rection of Nanchang, 160 miles to the northeast. The Chinese engaged the with drawing Japanese 15 1-2 miles See CHINESE Page 2 Aussies Kill Truckloads Of Japs In Drive MANILA, July 24—UP)—Austral ian troops have slaughtered sev era’ truckloads of Japanese six miles north of Balikpapan in southeast Borneo and advanced three miles northward along the inland road leading to the oil fields afc Samarinda, in eastern Borneo, General MacArthur's headquarters announced today. The. Japanese were caught as i Shey tried to withdraw secretly Mittxn around Mount- -Batochampar, where they had made a strong stand for nioj-e than two weeks in an attempt to block the route to Samarinda, 60 miles north of Bal ikpapan. SHELLING The water approaches to Samar inda were shelled during the night by Allied light naval units which hit Japanese bivouac areas in the Mahakam river delta east of the oil town. Royal Australian air forces continued to give close support to ground operations. (The Melbourne radio, in a broadcast recorded by the Ameri can Broadcasting company, said the Japanese retreating from the Balikpapan area “are leaving a trail of dead through native vil lages. Groups of natives are be ing slaughtered every day. In one village the whole population was destroyed.”) U. S. Subs Shell Chichi Jima Isle SAN FRANCISCO, July 24—</P> 1 —Three U. S. submarines bombard-1 ed Chichi Jima in the Bonin is lands, 550 miles southeast of Tok- 1 yo for 30 minutes early today, Jap anese broadcasts reported. The submarines shelled Chichi after a Japanese submarine-chas- j er had attacked them earlier, the English-language broadcast said. Chichi was shelled by U. S. sur face craft Monday, Fleet Adm. Chester W. Nimitz reported from Guam. NEW RATION BOOKS COMING Food And Gasoline Ra tioning Books Planned For December WASHINGTON, July 24.— UP) — New food and gasoline rationing books will be distributed in Decem ber. Price Administrator Chester Bowles said today war ration book five will be issued at schools and other public buildings throughout the country from December 3 through 15. It will contain stamps for meats and fats, processed foods, sugar and shoes. At the same time and through the same channels, new A gaso line books will be distributed. They will go into use December 22. Ration Book Five, smaller than a dollar bill and containing only half as many stamps as Book Four, will be used soon after the first of next year. “The supply agencies — the De partment of Agriculture and the War Production Board—have told us that meats and fats, canned goods, sugar and shoes all will be in tight supply for some months to come, so it looks as if a ra tion book will be needed through out most of next year,” Bowles said. HOPE IT’S LAST Saying it has been set up to last from 10 to 15 months if neces sary, he added: “We hope that Book Five will be the last in the series of war time ration books, and that there will be plenty of stamps we won’t have to use." The new A gasoline book, the third since the start of rationing, will differ from the current book only in color. It also is prepared for use for about 15 months in the hope it will be the last needed. The book for food and shoes will have only numbered stamps of dif ferent colors and designs. The combination of letters and stamps now used on food coupons is be ing discontinued. Since the last series of blue pro cessed food stamps in Book Four will go into use September 1, and the last red stamps October 1, other stamps in that book will be used for the period before Book Five becomes valid, OPA said. CAMOUFLAGE TOWN HIDES B-29 PLANT—Two women walk along a catwalk running through a camou flage town that was built over a B-29 plant at Seattle, Wash, to protect it from the threat of possible Jap air raids. Photograph of the project has been released now for the first time .(AP Wirephoto). i FEW ENEMY PLANES COME UP TO RESIST Fast Carriers Run In Near Coast To Launch At* tack At Dawn RANGE OVER HONSHU WITH HALSEY’S THIRD FLEET, OFF JAPAN, July 24.—(/P)—The Third Fleet Carrier force threw 1,000 planes at the Japanese today and finally goaded them into sending up a few planes to fight. There were only a dozen of them and they didn't accomplish mucl as they tried to take on the swarms of American pilots dump ing bombs on Japanese warships anchored at the great Kure naval base. Ensign Daniel Reed of Colum bus. Ga., scored a hit on the war ship with a thousand-pounder. There may have been other hits. The 12 Japanese planes that put in appearance swept oat of the clouds and struck fast. Each side lost at least one plane. Lt. Malculum W. Cagle of Knoxville, Tenn., account ed for the one enemy bag re ported. Rodio Tokyo had been trying to guess our whereabouts ever since the third fleet disappeared after its July 17 sortie. That was the bombardment in which Halsey sent more than 2,000 tons of high exf plosives rocketing through tlft fogbound night into co«stal waf plants. * BEGS FOR FIGHT * Today, radio Tokyo got its ans wer. The flfcet was back and beg ging Ibr a fight, in the air or on the >t sweeps of planes were from tttfe. fast carriers ;ar dawn. The carrier had made a fast run in starting around midfii£ht. The first planes back brought observation reports. Then the first striking planes took off from the decks of the carriers as they rode the mildly heaving sea. ATTACKS CONTINUE Throughout the morning and afternoon the attacks continued. The more than 1,000 planes ranged widely over Honshu. They smashed at Kure with bombs, ma chine guns and rocket fire. For it is there that the Japanese are thought to be hoardihg consider able of their mangled and ham strung navy. Kure is the largest of Japan's naval bases. It was only last week that the Japanese navy base that ranks close to Kure—Yokosuka In Tokyo Bay—was hit by a light fleet force. The battleship Nagato was caught and information received aboard ship was that it was badly dam aged in the heavy bomb attack. lai in force 40.000 STILL OUT IN STRIKES By The Associated Press The strike thermometer cooled off today, the number of workers idled by labor disputes dropping to approximately 40,000, the lowest total in almost a week. There also was a forecast of further reduction in the total as steps were taken to end a work stoppage of 11,000 employes in 200 lumber yards in the Detroit area, and 4,000 distillery workers in 10 plants. Although a half dozen walkouts ended during the last 24 hours, controversies in more than a score of cities continued, affecting a variety of industries. Many of the stoppages affected only small groups of workers, with the largest single group being the lumber yard employes in the Detroit area. LUMBER DISPUTE A break appeared possible in the dispute between operators of the lumber yards and AFL-carpenter's union members. The operators ad vised the regional War Labor board they planned to meet with in 24 hours and that a settlement proposal was likely. The yards closed last week after a strike at 12 yards over demands for a closed shop, unionization of foremen and wage increases. The stoppage idled 1.000 yard employes and an addi tional 10,000 outside workers. Also on the bright side was the possibility of the end of a four day strike involving between 4,000 and 5,000 workers in 10 plants of Joseph E. Seagram Sons, distill ers. MAJOR STRIKE Another major strike continued in Detroit, with 5,000 of the 0,000 workers at the United States Rub ber company plant remaining off See 40,000 Page S
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