North Carolina Newspapers

Vnl. HL SANFORD, NORTH CAROLINA, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER L1888, THE NOBLE OLD ROMAN. A PLAIN COMMON SENSE TALK. from Thurman’* Speech at Telede. ^ow the few remarks that I shall make to you will be confined to a single topic—not that there is but one thing that'might attract your attention in this campaign or that might not be well spoken of, but there is one transcendant theme, about which so much is said, so much is written, so much is printed, that people are eager to learn exact ly what is the truth. I refer to the tariff question, as it is commonly called. Now I presume there is no man in this vast audience who does not know what is meant by the word “tariff," or - the term “tariff law.” And yet it can do us no harm, and may lead to precision of speech and comprehension of what 1 have to say, if I begin by a defi nition of what is the tariff. Tariff, my friends is nothing else in this world than a tax levied By the General Government upon im portations brought into the United States for sale, the effect of which is ' to raise the price of every commodi-! ty thus imported, and also the price of all domestic commodities of the same nature made within the" United States. ' | This lax is paid by the consumer of the article. When your State tax is levied.it is levied on property; it is paid by property. A man of much property pays much more than a man of little property; and a man of no property pays none at ", all. But llie tariff is a tax that is paid by the consumer of so-called protect ed articles. He pays it, not to the tax-gatherer, not to any officer of the government, hut he pays it in the price he gives for every protected article that he buys. Let me sup pose, for instance, by way of illus tration, that an importer purchases in England a thusaud dollars worth. No, I won't take so much as that. I will say enough cloth to make a suit of clothes for a man. He pays for it, then, say $10. He brings it to the United States. Be fore he can even get it out of the custom house at the place where he lands, he must pay on that a lax culled a tariff, and the probability is, among the enormous rates in the schedule on woolen goods, that he will pay a tax of not less than 60 cents on the dollar. That is, that he will pay six dollars tax on ten dollars' worth of cloth that he has bought. Then it cost $10— that cloth has. Now if any man who imports that cloth sells it to a wholesale mer chant he must, of course, put the tax that he pays on to it in price, otherwise he would lose money by the operation,>ud su when the im porter sells to the wholesale mer •cliant he charges him $1G for that cloth which cost him originally hut $10. Nay more, he charges him $10 and his mercantile profit on the $0 tax os well as the $10, the original cost of the goods. The wholesale merchant sells it to the retail merchant, and the retail mer chant sells it to his customers. Of course this price with each merchant's profit continues ill the goods when they are sold to the con sumer. Bo that by the time <Jne of you buys that cloth you will find you have to pay for it from $10 to $20, perhaps, not less than $20 for that which originally cost $10. So here lias Keen a tax imposed on the consumer which amounts ill effect to nearly or quite as inuch as the origninai cost of the goods. Now, my friends, this is so true that there is scarcely a thing that you wear the price of which is not increased by this tariff tax. There are men audacious enough to say men who are advocating high pro tective duties of tariff there art men audacious, enough to say tliai a high protective trail! is for tin benefit of the laboring man. I Why, in the name of all that ii ■common sense and reason, how cai a laboring man be hided by a tax that begins with the crown af his head and extends to the shoes of his feet, and taxes everything that is between them, [applauseand laugh ter;] that taxes him on his hat, tax es him on his shirt, taxes his coat, taxes him on his vest, taxes him on his pants, taxes him on his under clothing, taxes him on his stockings, and taxes him on his shoes, and even to the little necktie that is around his neck, it levies a tax upon it. How in the name of heaven can it be that a loboring man is benefitted by such a tax ? No, my friends, of all humbugs by which men ever were attempted to be deceived, this humbug of the la boring man being benefitted by a high protective tariff is the greatest ever I heard of. Ah, but, says some one, it enables the manufacturers in this countrv to pay higher wagOs to their hired men and therefore is a benefit to them ? My friends, did yog ever know any manufacturer that paid higher wages to. his hands on account of increase of tariff? If yon did you have met with something I have never seen. There is a man named liaruum in this country, a great showman, a man who has gathered together in his show more curious idlings than perhaps can he found in any other single place on the face of the earth, but among all Iris curiosities he hits never found such a curiosity as a manufacturer who paid higher wa ges to'his hands because of the raise in the tariff. [Laughter and ap plause.] iNaj', that is not so at all. l ao not want to speak harshly of manu faetorers, but they are human, be ings. But I must pass on. Another one of the deceptions of the tariff orators, or high protection theorists, is to say that the consu mer does not pay the tax. I have shown you how he did pay it in the price that he gives for the articles, but I want to ask any man who tells me or tells you that the consumer don’t pay it, in God’s name, who does, who does pay it? How conics it that the goods that cost but $10 before there was any tax upon them, after that sells for $10 and the tax added, and mer chants’ profit upon that, if that is not ultimately paid by the consum er? But my friends, that is not all. A man who stands fair in your com munity and has uface .that would license him as a preacher of the Gos pet just upon his looks, such a man will get up before his fellow citizens and tell them that high tariff lessens instead of increases the price of com modities. Why, my frieuds, it that is the case, if a high tariff reduces prices, please tell me why is it that all man ufacturers arc iu favor of a high tar iff? Do they want to reduce the price of their own goods? Do they want to make less money? Why do they work so hard to increase the tariff, if to increuse it would reduce the price of goods ? That is another one of the absurd ities of those men who are going around trying to persuade the peo ple of this country that a high tar iff is for the benefit of the people. Now, my friends, there is another thing thnt these people say. They come before you and they draw a glowing picture of the wealth and prosperity of our country. That is all very well, indeed, although it would be a little fairer if they would give the other side of the picture, aiuLsliow how the agricultural inter ests and value of agricultural prop erty has so wonderfully decreased since they had this high tariff ill operation, . - . But let that pass. I want you to ask any of them who talks to yon about the country being made rich by a high protective tariff by wlmt kind of hocus pocus is it, by what kind of operation unknown to science unknown to reason, unknown to cx perieuee, that a country can he made rich by this Government taxing its people, far beyond any necessity ilia) Government has for taxation. NOTES OF TRAVEL SOME INTERESTING SIGHTS. More About Cambridge and Its Col leges—How the Students Live. (T. n. Trichord 1b Wlliutnglon star.) These are numerous, extensive, handsome and costly. The college buildings are of stone, three and four stories high, quadrangular in shape the courts within containing beauti ful grass plots. These blocks are called courts. St.John's has four such courts and Trinity five. Here are the rooms of the students,dining and combination halls, chapels, &c. The beauty and magnificence of some of these structures may be im agined when we estimate their cost. The chapel of St. John’s college cost $205,000; that of Jesus’ college per haps as much, while the chapel of college, begun by Henry VI. in 1440, and finished by Henry VIII and Cardial Wolsey in 1575, proba bly cost three time as much. Its extreme length is 310 feet, and it is pronounced by a competent author ity “one of the finest and most inter esting . buildings in Christendom.’' Some of the libraries and halls are line specimens of architect ure. The strange name of coinbinutioii room is given to a large hall in which the Dons, as the students call them, that is the Masters and Fellows smoke, drink wine and socialize together af ter dinner. There is a University Library, con sisting of 400,000 volumes. To this ; library, as well as to that of the Brit ish Museum in London, a copy' of every book published ;ir~Eng!and is sent. Each college lias a library of its own; some of them running up as high as 20,000 volumes—in addition to these, there is a library of 0,000 volumes in the splendid Fitzwilliam Museum, an institution named after its founder,who gave $500,000 for its establishment. A library also in the Union, which is a superb Club House, and altogether there are over, 1,000, 000 of volumes accessable to the pro fessors and students. In mention ing the public buildings I must not forget the Pitt Press of the Univer sity Printing Olliee, and the Senate House,-wtrieli-eost $100,000. STYLE OF,LIVING OF THE STUDENTS. Instead of two students occupying a room, as in America, each man has three rooms to himself—a room to sleep in, another larger and hand somely furnished to study and eat in as well as to entertain company in, and a third smaller one calt&Hrhe ‘‘Hyp room," which contains crocke ry enough for a small family, some cooking utensils, his wine box and coal box, etc. His dinner he takes in the hall at 5:30 p. m. or at. 7:15 p. in. and pays two.sliillings (50els) lor it, while his breakfast and lunch and tea, if he wishes it, are taken in his room. His servant is called his “Gyp,” or “Vulture.” The Gyp and his wife attend to his rooms, get his meals for him, etc., for which they receive good pay. The University lias a coat of arms, nnd so lias each college, and the students • of each college wear a different gown, though all wear the same kind of fan crown ed caps. The graduate is distinguish ed from the under-graduate by wear ing ribbons on his gown. When they go to Chapel they wear a white gown called a surplice, 1 believe. Each student is required to attend prayers five times each week, though prayers are read fourteen times n week. No names are called in the Chapel, but an officer stands at the door and sticks a pin at the name of every student as he enters, though they don’t call them students there, but "men,” and they are not said to study, but to “read.” 1TOW DKOltEKS AUK CONFERRED. The third Tuesday in June ^De gree Pay. At10 a. m. all the men who get a first-class in their tripo#, or exnminaton papers, receive the H. A. degree, and in the afternoon the same degree is conferred upon those who get a second and third class.* The manner in whieh the degree is conferred seems very strange to us, The candidate is re quired to wear, in addition to his gown, a hood made of silk and trim med with white rabbit skin. Tlte studertts of King’s College come first, then Trinity, then St. John’s, etc. The Vico Chancellor sits pi his scar let robes, when live canditiites taken hold of the five fingers of the college protector, and by him are led up to the Vice Chancellor, He tells them in Latin that they have been ee«h ted worthy to receive the B. A. de gree. They then kneel before him, and he takes the hands of each be tween his extended palms, and in the name of the Trinity confers on them the degree. While all this is going on the students in the galle ries are uproarous. They say all manner of funny things,throw pen nies on the floor of the Chapel,' and cut up all sorts of didos. The man who graduates with the “court hon or” gets the wooden spoon.” This spoon is fiyefeet long, is ornamented with the college arms of the student who gets it, and also with ribbons, and is let down by cords from the gallery by the students. The proc tors rush at it and try to catch it, but it is drawn up again and again out of their reach, till at last the the right man gets it, as w;ix under stood would be tlie case from the first. The students make no speeches on this occasion, nor, indeed, on any other occasion at a college exercise, nor are distinguished men from a distance iuvited to address them, as with us. Negro Sulfarge. . (From New York Dvenlng Post.) Some time since the Evening Post showed how completely Mr. Thur man’s position regarding the Civil Rights Act, when that measure was before the Senate, was sustained by the decision of the Republican Su preme Court annulling the act on the gerund of its unconstitutionali ty. The Republican organs have reviewed an old speech of his on the subject of negro suffrage, when that question was before the country twenty years ago, which is remarkably versified by tha recent professions of leading Southern Re publicans, like Poker Jack” McClure Chief Justice of the Arkansas Su preme Court in reconstruction days, and Judge D. L. Russell, the nomi nee for Associate J ustice of the re cent Republican State Convention in North Carolina. It is interesting to place side by side the prediction of the Ohio Democrat In 1808 and the confession of the North Caroli na Republican in 1888: M1I.TUUKMAN 1N’68 I JUDOE uUSSELL I08S For more than 4,000 years the history of this world has been written,and in all that time there is not a re corded annul of a civilized negro gover’ment ;there isnot one instance of political equal ity between the two races that has not proved inju rious to both; and yet it is proposed to confer upon an inferior race the dominion ove one third of tie Republic, and to make it a bulano While as a rule the South does not treat its colored people with the same liberality and justice which they receive in the North there is yet defence for the deep and dire de termination of the Southern white man to never sub mit to negro rule. The negroes of the South ure largely savages. We with Northern aid and sanction, kidnap ped them,enslaved them, and by most monstrous wrong degraded them so of power that nine that they are no times out of ten would, for that reason, control the whole coun try. There can be but one end to this scheme, if it lie much longei prosecuted. It is impossible that the race to which we belong can submit to negn domination; it is impossible that so inferior a race as the negro can compete with the white man in the h us i nos, less |“f [try. the the much polities conn - i more lit to govern than are their brethren in Afrri ean swamps or so many Mongol ions dumped down from pagan Asia. In South Carolina uni most of the •ot ton States there vas negro rule which was as much i parody upon civ ilized institut o i8 as is the present Hourbou domina tion in South Car olina a travesty upon free govern ment. j Tim MILLS BILL. |THE WAY THE PEOPLE ARETAXEO. it. i '—■—• | What the Bill Proposes to do to Re ! duce'Taxatibn; • '■■■ '•■•-> fj : On 2d April, 1888, Mr. Mills of j Texas (a Ttemocrat), Chairman of I the Committee on Ways and Means, ! reported a new tariff hill, entitled ai | bill to reduce tariff taxation and re i peal certain parts of the internal revenue laws, and modify others. It | is now known as the Mills bill. I The Radicals fought it from that |time till 2Jst July, nearfour months, when it passed the House by a vote of 102 140, only three ^Radicals and ! one Independent with Radical lean ings (Nelson, of Minnesota) voting for it. Among the Radicals voting against the bill was Mr. Nichols, of North Carolina, and among those voting for it was Brower, of North Carolina, hurthis patriotic act on the part of Mr. Brower he has been repudiated by his party in his | !district and his name taken down ! from the mast-head of the Radical 1 paper therejtvhich had hitherto put himforwardas asaintof the first water. 1 he following tabulated statement will show the operation of the Mills hill, if it shall pass the Radical Sen ate, upon certain articles of daily use in every family and on every planta tion. The first column contains the value of the article, the second the duty on the article, under the tariff as it now is, and the third the gain i that will accrue if the Mills hill shall become a law: Val.Pr.ct. Duty. Gain. One cook-stove.83501 47.. 810 4a By .Mills bill.31 ^ 10 85 85 CO One set crockery. 12 00.55^, 6 Do By Mills hill.. .35= 4 20 One set cheap glassware 4 do. -By Mills bill. 2 40 .50 ^2 24 .41= 1 01 One set cheap cutlery 200. 00 By Mills bill.35__ .50^. 1 00 70 Two carpets, 812 and815.... 27 00 47==2100 By Mills bill.30„ 8 00 30 Sugar.20 00 00^. 1200 By Mills bill.50= 10 00 4 00 Molasses .10 00 47= 4 70 By Mills bill—.35_ 3 50 — 2 00 Salt. 00 40= 1 20 By Mills lull.Free-list. -1 20 Two suits each for father and two sons, six suits, 814..8400 54= 45 36 By Mills bill.45^ 37 80 1 20 Two suits eacli for mother .and two daughters, six suits, 814... .84 00 82^08 88 By Mills bill.401= 33 00 7 50 Twelve pairs shoes, 82.50 each.30 00 30= 9 00 By Mills bill.15^_ 4 50 35 28 -4 50 Six wool hats, 81 each 0 00.73.-4 38 By Mills bill.4<U 2 40 Six fut hats, 82.50 each 15 00.52_ 7 80 By Mills bill.40 -fi 20 - - - 1 . fiO Six ladie's hats, 83 each 1800.70_=1260 By Mills bill.40= 7 20 | 5 40 Six bonnets for ladies, S3 each.18 00 70 1200 By Mills bill.40 7 20 ‘ -- 5 40 Farming tools, including | plows, gear, band-saw, ax, djaw-knifc, chains, etc.00 00 47-2S 20 lly Mills bill.:. .34 13 GO ! 14 60 I Medicines. 2000*48 0 80 By Mills bill.30 0 00 I -r 3 80 ' Thread, neeilles, thimbles, scissors, etc■ 12 00 35 4 20 By Mills bill.20 2 40 Four pairs blankets, 83 each 12 00.70 8 40 By Mills hill.40 4 80 - 3 60 Two umberellas, 62.50 each 5 00:.40 2 00 By Mills hill.30 1 50 Colton hosiery, under shirts, etc_8 0045 3 60 By Mills bill.30 2 40 Window gltss_2 00 60 1 20 By ^4 ilia bill.43 86 Starch.4 (XI 94 3 70 By Mills bill.47 1 88 Rice.10 001131130 By Mills bill.10O1OOO Total costiumier pres ent tarill.. 50100 189 27 60 1 20 34 82 30 Under Mills bill ♦Average. .104 9* - 84 29 From the foregoing calculated it will be seen that the entire amount of goods purcha eil at the prices hiiftiedamounts to-$501, that the present duty on these articles amounts to $180,527, and the duty as proposed by the Mills Bill would amount to $04.99, which deducted from the rate of duty under the pres ent law would be a net gain of $84. 29. A farmer or any other laboring man has but to read the above state ment to show him in the most con vincing manner how himself and family are being robbed from year to year by our protective-tariff sys tem. At this rate, as will ba seeu, there is a saving under the Mills bill of $84.29 a year, which in five years at the same rate would amount to $421. 45, which would go a great ways with a poor family towards buying a piece of ground or building a home. The Third Party Secretary. (From Greensboro Patriot.) In the Leaksville Gazette of the 9th of August appears an article headed “A Reminiscence," from which we make the following ex tracts, omitting only that portion of the article, the elision of which is marked by the asterisks, which is not essential to the thread of the narrative: “The people of Leaksville will remember that several years ago it was announced that there would be a lecture on temperance del ivered in the town on a certain night, and the public were invited to attend. Well, the evening came proceeding the appointed night, and just before sunset a buggy containing astiange man and woman rolled into our vil lage. il is jjussiuil* uiut a score or our best families, anticipating the rare honor of entetertainiug distinguish ed guests had daintily spread their hospitable boards and covered them with a profusion of viands as rich and as tempting as ever ticketed hu man palate or appeased the cravings of the innerman. Where would the distinguished pair now design to stop? Would it be with Squire the parson, the Col onel, or with our far-famed dignita ry, the Professor of Lost arts, for gotten sciences and antediluvian antiquity? Leaksville held its breath for answer; but with the coolness of one fully acquainted with his sur roundings, the lectuVer turned his vehicle to the left! That he had made a mistake was the universal opinion, because the way in which he was proceeding would soon lead him to an entirely colored settlement. But no one had the temerity to approach the august presence and venture a suggestion, naturally supposing that the mis take would soon impress itself. Up the street, past the tobacco factory and the ancient hotel building, the gallant steed stepped in stately pride, then shrough a vacant sruiare, until, without question or direction, and as if by instinct, the driver drew reign at the gate of Boh Cutter! There, there, to the disappointment and chagrin of the expectant por tion of our community, lie found congenial company. vvc luanc 1IV» mitTUUIl ll|)UU the memory of the lamented Cutter. Peace to his ashes.H e was a colored man, respected by his race, and no doubt as good as any white man or woman who would from choice claim a night’s lodging between his i roof. But his guest was that same Secretary Steele, a prominent leader of the Third party movement in this State. The upshot of it was that 1 the said Steele did not have a white 1 audience to hear his address that , night. Now, we have no complaint to make of Mr. Steele’s selection of the 1 hospitable board of Hob Cutter. If the negro's society and the negro’s food and lodging were congenial to his tastes, we are not to say where I ho shall eat or what he shall eat— < althongh he has come down from ; North to prescribe to us what we i shall drink. Hut the Third Party in this section of North Carolina is composed of many good men, but '• that s a matter of opinion. We know that they are lovers of their | country and their State, patriots ■ and good li'izens; we believe that they will say—that they must sav— to Mr. Steele: “If these be the idols i to which you are joined, go your . way; we can afliliate witli no such man; we can permit no such man to lead us in polities or nothing else.” 1 OUTRAGE IN MITCHELL. The Republican* Make an Assault Upon the Gtacs and Stripes. • . <Aat**auo uuwn.) . • ' . Thie Knoxville Trihund says: ; 1 ,Tl*e,fc4lowirfg letter, waawritten.; t>y a Knoxville drummer, who is iravellingm North Carolina to a member of tlie firm in this city: Hakersviiab, N, C., Aug. 10, 1888. ; Dkab Sir:,—I drove in here y ester-* lay evening between four arid five /clock, and the Democrats were hoisting the American flag 'with a banner attached, bearing the inscrip tion, “Grover, Cleveland for Presi lent” and “Fowle for Governor." While they were at work the Re publicans were muttering among themselves like distant thunder be fore a storm, but did not try to pre vent the hoisting of the flag. I met with Mr. J. E. Burleson, about this time and had just finished selling him the enclosed» order, when the Republican crowd was increased by a party of a few men on horse-back, who, when they jaw Cleveland’s name alongside the jtars and stripes, became madly en raged, and swore they would cut that flag down or die in . their tracks, and then commenced such a scene of ri ot, blasphemy and confusion as beg gars description. Some were hunt ing axes, and one man more enthusi astic (or more drunk) than the rest attempted to climb the flagpole, but could not quite make it. In the meantime the Democrats who had hoisted the flag were perfectly cool and quiet, and each one wore a de termined look that boded ill to the one, that struck the first blow with an axe, but the Republicans did not find an axe. About this time I heard a pistol shot, and then I moved my self to the hotel and watched the fray from a safe distance. lhe llopublicansv through fear or mine other cause, did not take down out shortly after nightfall they rid lied the “Stars and Stripes,” the ‘Great American Flag,” with pistol bullets. There must have been at least 100 shots fired, but fortunately so one was hurt. In their mad rage they were more uncontrollable than beasts, but in justice to some of the parties I must saythat a few sober Republicans tried to stop the occur rence, but failed. I understand this morning that 'hey say they will certainly take the lag down tomorrow, and if they do -here will be one funeral if not more n this mountain town, for there are >ome resolute Democrats who will lot see it done. Ifldonotsell anything here to norrow I will think it is because of ;he excitement, and 1 may leave the own a lit ole more lairriedly than I would ordinarily. 1 X. Later:—Since the above was re vived we learn that a night or two ifter the Republicans did cut down lie pole and tear up and otherwise nsult the flag. The feeling there is ■xceedingly bitter, and serious trou >le is anticipated. We are informed hat the Republicans go so far as to leclarethat Democrats shall not vote n Mitchell. When . they attempt his they will have a lively time suro mough. We also learn that Mr. torison, a Republican, hut a gentle nan, has publicly proclaimed since his occurrence that he is done with Southern Republicanism. Such con flict as this will make all decent vhite men in that country votedowij uch a party. Maj. Atkinson, chief engineer of he C. F. & Y. V. is at the moun ains looking for the best route to xtend the C. F. & Y. V. westward, ie intends, on Monday week, to put lis corps of engineers on the route o survey and locate the best line; it the same time the Norfolk and iVestern Railroad starts its corps in ho field for the purpose of locating ts line to meet the 0. F. & \. V.~ Phe two corps will meet, compare Kites and locate the line.—Fayette* 'ille Journal. There are sixty-fourcaso* of yellow ever in Jacksonville. -